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Amrane-Abider M, Imre M, Herman V, Debbou-Iouknane N, Saci F, Boudries H, Madani K, Merzouk H, Ayad A. Opuntia Ficus-Indica Peel By-Product as a Natural Antioxidant Food Additive and Natural Anticoccidial Drug. Foods 2023; 12:4403. [PMID: 38137207 PMCID: PMC10742707 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to valorize the Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) by-products by extracting and identifying their biochemical compounds and evaluating their antioxidant potential by in vitro activities (DPPH radical and FRAP), as well as their capacity to stabilize margarine oxidation (rancimat test). In addition, their in vitro anticoccidial effect on the destruction of Eimeria oocysts isolated from naturally infected chickens was also targeted. Microwaves and response surface methodology tools were used to extract the maximum amount of phenolic compounds (42.05 ± 0.46 GAE mg/g DW of total phenolic compounds in 90 s at 400 watts). Moreover, the effect of extraction factors was also studied. Eight phenolic compounds, including isorhamnetin, dihydrokaempferol, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, were identified. The findings confirmed that OFI peel extract has strong antioxidant activities (DPPH radical, ferric reducing power). The rancimat test shows that OFI peel extract improves margarine stability by 3.2 h. Moreover, it has a notable destruction rate of Eimeria oocysts (30.06 ± 0.51%, LC50: 60.53 ± 0.38 mg/mL). The present investigation offers promise for the reuse of food waste as natural margarine additives, protection of the environment, and substitution of anticoccidial synthetic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Amrane-Abider
- Centre de Recherche en Technologies Agroalimentaires, Route de Targa Ouzemmour, Campus Universitaire, Bejaia 06000, Algeria; (M.A.-A.); (K.M.)
| | - Mirela Imre
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Viorel Herman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Nedjima Debbou-Iouknane
- Department of Environment Biological Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Fairouz Saci
- Biotechnology Research Center (C.R.Bt.), Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03, BP E73, Constantine 25000, Algeria;
| | - Hafid Boudries
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria; (H.B.); (H.M.)
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biochemistry, Biophysics and Scientometrics, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Khodir Madani
- Centre de Recherche en Technologies Agroalimentaires, Route de Targa Ouzemmour, Campus Universitaire, Bejaia 06000, Algeria; (M.A.-A.); (K.M.)
| | - Hafida Merzouk
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria; (H.B.); (H.M.)
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biochemistry, Biophysics and Scientometrics, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Abdelhanine Ayad
- Department of Environment Biological Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
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