Genome-Wide Identification and Evolutionary Analyses of SrfA Operon Genes in Bacillus

A review on comparative analysis of marine and freshwater fish gut microbiomes: insights into environmental impact on gut microbiota

The gut microbiota, which includes prokaryotes, archaea, and eukaryotes such as yeasts, some protozoa, and fungi, significantly impacts fish by affecting digestion, metabolism, and the immune system. In this research, we combine various tasks carried out by various bacteria in the gut of fish. This study also examines the gut microbiome composition of marine and freshwater fish, identifying important bacterial species linked to different biological functions. The diversity within fish species highlights the importance of considering nutrition, habitat, and environmental factors in microbiological research on fish. The ever-changing gut microbiome of the fish indicates that microbial communities are specifically adapted to meet the needs of both the host and its environment. This indicates that the fish can adjust to a specific environment with the help of gut microbiota. This important research is crucial for comprehending the complex relationships between fish and their gut bacteria in different aquatic environments. These discoveries have implications for aquaculture practices, fisheries administration, and the broader ecological processes of both freshwater and marine environments. With further progress in this area of study, the knowledge acquired would offer a valuable standpoint to enhance our comprehension of aquatic microbiology and enhance the sustainability and nutrition of fish resources.

Biosurfactant and biopolymer producing microorganisms from West Kazakhstan oilfield

Microbiological enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) uses indigenous or exogenous microorganisms and nutrients to enhance oil production through synthesis of metabolites reducing oil viscosity and surface tension. In order to find bacteria suitable for MEOR, we studied 26 isolates from wells in the Akingen oilfield in West Kazakhstan. Six of them were selected for further analysis based on their ability to reduce surface tension to less than 40 mN/m, with the A9 isolate exhibiting tension reduction values of 32.76 ± 0.3 mN/m. Based on the morphological features, biochemical activities, and the 16S rRNA gene, the isolates were classified to the Bacillus subtilis group. In the phylogenetic analysis the isolates grouped into two main clusters. Genes encoding the surfactin synthetase subunits were found in A2, A8, A9, A12, PW2, only the PW2 strain had lchAA encoding lichenysin, while sacB encoding levan was noted in A2, A8, A9, and A12. The expression of srfAB, srfAC, and sacB tested with qPCR varied among strains. Nevertheless, whereas temperature moderately affects the expression level, with the highest level recorded at 40 °C, salinity significantly impacts the expression of the genes encoding biosurfactants. B. subtilis strains isolated in the study, especially A9, are promising for microbial-enhanced oil recovery.

A review on surfactin: molecular regulation of biosynthesis

Surfactin has many biological activities, such as inhibiting plant diseases, resisting bacteria, fungi, viruses, tumors, mycoplasma, anti-adhesion, etc. It has great application potential in agricultural biological control, clinical medical treatment, environmental treatment and other fields. However, the low yield has been the bottleneck of its popularization and application. It is very important to understand the synthesis route and control strategy of surfactin to improve its yield and purity. In this paper, based on the biosynthetic pathway and regulatory factors of surfactin, its biosynthesis regulation strategy was comprehensively summarized, involving enhancement of endogenous and exogenous precursor supply, modification of the synthesis pathway of lipid chain and peptide chain, improvement of secretion and efflux, and manipulation some global regulatory factors, such as Spo0A, AbrB, ComQXP, phrCSF, etc. to directly or indirectly stimulate surfactin synthesis. And the current production and separation and purification process of surfactin are briefly described. This review also provides a scientific reference for promoting surfactin production and its applications in various fields.