1
|
Shu D, Wang J, Zhou T, Chen F, Meng F, Wu X, Zhao Z, Dai S. Prediction of half-marathon performance of male recreational marathon runners using nomogram. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:97. [PMID: 38685085 PMCID: PMC11059738 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00889-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-distance running is a popular competitive sport. We performed the current research as to develop an easily accessible and applicable model to predict half-marathon performance in male recreational half-marathon runners by nomogram. METHODS Male recreational half-marathon runners in Zhejiang Province, China were recruited. A set of literature-based and panel-reviewed questionnaires were used to assess the epidemiological conditions of the recruited runners. Descriptive and binary regression analyses were done for the profiling and identification of predictors related to higher half-marathon performance (completing time ≤ 105 min). Participants were assigned to the training set (n = 141) and the testing set (n = 61) randomly. A nomogram was used to visually predict the half-marathon performance, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of the nomogram. RESULTS A total of 202 participants (median age: 49 years; higher half-marathon performance: 33.7%) were included. After multivariate analysis, three variables remained as significant predictors: longer monthly running distance [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.992, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.988 to 0.996, p < 0.001], faster mean training pace (AOR = 2.151, 95% CI: 1.275 to 3.630, p < 0.001), and better sleep quality [the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), AOR = 2.390, 95% CI: 1.164 to 4.907, p = 0.018]. The AUC of the training and testing sets in nomogram were 0.750 and 0.743, respectively. Further ternary and linear regression analyses corroborated the primary findings. CONCLUSIONS This study developed a nomogram with good potential to predict the half-marathon performance of recreational runners. Our results suggest that longer monthly running distance, faster mean training pace and better sleep quality notably contribute to better half-marathon performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingbo Shu
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging of Tumor and Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging of Tumor and Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging of Tumor and Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fanjing Meng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Sport Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyin Wu
- Shukun (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China.
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging of Tumor and Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Shaoxing people's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, China.
| | - Siyu Dai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Sport Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shao Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Liang Q, Zhang H, Zhang F. Chinese version of exercise dependence scale-revised: psychometric analysis and exploration of risk factors. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1309205. [PMID: 38115976 PMCID: PMC10728468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1309205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exercise addiction (EA) is a dysfunctional behavior characterized by exaggerated training which has adverse effects on physiology and psychology. To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R) and the social and psychological aspects related to EA, a large sample behavioral study was conducted. Methods College students were selected as the target group. All of them were asked to finish the scales about exercise, including the Chinese version of EDS-R and the Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised scales. A confirmatory factor analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and hierarchical regression test were performed to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of EDS-R and find the explanatory variables of EA. Results A total of 837 (556 female) students with a mean age of 20.38 years were recruited in the present study. The Chinese version of EDS-R showed good reliability and validity (McDonald's ω = 0.973, CR = 0.99, AVE = 0.80) in Chinese college students. EA was positively correlated with exercise frequency and ability motivation across the study sample. Besides, the Mann-Whitney U test revealed that the exercise motivation difference is the primary cause of the gender gap in EA. Conclusion The Chinese version of EDS-R is a relatively robust and accurate instrument to assess the risk of EA. Additionally, exercise frequency and motivation may be the potential risk factors for EA. The screening of risk factors is of great significance for the early detection and prevention of EA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingbo Shao
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Nanomedicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Nanomedicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Weinstein A, Szabo A. Exercise addiction: A narrative overview of research issues. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 25:1-13. [PMID: 36698618 PMCID: PMC9869993 DOI: 10.1080/19585969.2023.2164841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This narrative overview summarises the work on exercise addiction (EA) over the past 12 years and exposes critical conceptual and methodological issues. More than 1000 articles exist on EA, conceptualised as uncontrolled training harming the individual. Still, EA has no clinical diagnosis criteria at this time. Research is increasing continuously, but it is stale in advancing knowledge. Scalar measurement and lack of differentiation between addictive and instrumental exercise could be reasons for insufficient progress. Exercise addiction fits in the framework of behavioural addictions, but excessive exercise patterns also co-occur with other morbidities, including eating or body-image disorders. In these cases, exercise is instrumental; it functions to achieve a non-exercise-related goal. Therefore, it is essential to separate primary from secondary EA. Based on the interactional model, significant stress and capacity-exceeding ambitions fuel primary EA, while chief motives behind secondary EA embed body image dissatisfaction and eating disorders. Few reports exist on EA's brain mechanisms, which could delay its classification as a distinct psychiatric dysfunction. Treatment of EA involves cognitive-behavioural approaches, but we know little about their effectiveness. Conceptually focussed psychophysiological research and in-depth interviews, complementing scalar data, could answer several open questions in this widely studied but relatively stagnant scholastic field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Weinstein
- The Isadore and Ruth Kastin Chair for Brain Research, Department of Psychology, University of Ariel, Ariel, Israel
| | - Attila Szabo
- Institute of Psychology, and Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alcaraz-Ibáñez M, Paterna A, Sicilia Á, Griffiths MD. Examining the reliability of the scores of self-report instruments assessing problematic exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:326-347. [PMID: 35482912 PMCID: PMC9295230 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Problematic exercise (PE) has mainly been assessed with self-report instruments. However, summarized evidence on the reliability of the scores derived from such instruments has yet to be provided. The present study reports a reliability generalization meta-analysis of six well-known self-report measures of PE (Commitment to Exercise Scale, Compulsive Exercise Test, Exercise Addiction Inventory, Exercise Dependence Questionnaire, Exercise Dependence Scale, and Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire). Methods Pooled effect sizes were computed using a random-effect model employing a restricted maximum likelihood estimation method. Univariable and multivariable meta-regressions analyses were employed for testing moderator variables. Results Data retrieved from 255 studies (741 independent samples, N = 254,174) identified three main groups of findings: (i) pooled alpha values that, ranging from 0.768 to 0.930 for global scores and from 0.615 to 0.907 for subscale scores, were found to be sensitive to sociodemographic and methodological characteristics; (ii) reliability induction rates of 47.58%; and (iii) the virtually non-existent testing of the assumptions required for the proper applicability of alpha. Data unavailability prevented the provision of summarized reliability estimates in terms of temporal stability. Discussion These findings highlight the need to improve reliability reporting of the scores of self-reported instruments of PE in primary studies. This implies providing both prior justification for the appropriateness of the index employed and reliability data for all the subpopulation of interest. The values presented could be used as a reference both for comparisons with those obtained in future primary studies and for correcting measurement-related artefacts in quantitative meta-analytic research concerning PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Paterna
- Health Research Centre and Department of Education, University of Almería, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sicilia
- Health Research Centre and Department of Education, University of Almería, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Can Cycling Be Addictive? A Qualitative Interview Study Among Amateur Female Cyclists. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00624-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractExercise and healthy eating are proposed as a recommended lifestyle by the World Health Organization with several positive outcomes, including a decrease in pathologies such as diabetes and reduction in mortality rates. However, research suggests that there is the potential for exercise behaviour to become addictive among a small minority of individuals, which detrimentally impacts their lives. The risk of exercise addiction increases for endurance sports, of which cycling is considered one, given the intense physical and psychological demands, due to elevation and distance, in amateur cycling events. Understanding the risk factors specific to cycling is worthy of investigation, as it is not clear whether cycling can become an addiction. Using the ‘addiction component model’ as a framework, qualitative analysis was used to determine whether symptoms of addiction were present among a sample of eight female cyclists. Through the use of thematic analysis, the results showed that symptoms of addiction were reported by participants. Three themes were generated from research interviews comprising ‘addiction components’ (i.e. salience, conflict, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, and cycling despite health problems), ‘enabling infrastructure’ (i.e. supportive work, supportive family and friends), and ‘striving for excellence’ (i.e. needing to be the best, pushing too far, and having unrealistic expectation), currently measured in the ‘addiction component model’. There were also novel themes including ‘cycling above health’ where the participant continues to cycle against medical advice; ‘enabling infrastructure’ where work, family, and friends are accepting of cycling; and ‘striving for excellence’ where the participants ‘needing to be the best’ when comparing themselves to their peers, ‘pushing too far’ to achieve the goal set, and finally ‘unrealistic expectations’ resulting in negative comparison to peers. These findings suggest that addiction to cycling should be investigated further, and implications may necessitate clinical intervention to find alternative coping mechanisms when exercise is not available to an individual as there is a likelihood that individuals will continue to exercise in spite of injury and against medical advice.
Collapse
|
6
|
Is It Time for Sports and Health in the Era of Covid-19 Pandemic? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020372. [PMID: 33419015 PMCID: PMC7825304 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|