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Huerta-Venegas PI, Raya-González J, Ruíz-Herrera LF, López-Bucio J. PHYTOCHROME A controls the DNA damage response and cell death tolerance within the Arabidopsis root meristem. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1513-1525. [PMID: 38251425 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The DNA damage response avoids mutations into dividing cells. Here, we analysed the role of photoreceptors on the restriction of root growth imposed by genotoxic agents and its relationship with cell viability and performance of meristems. Comparison of root growth of Arabidopsis WT, phyA-211, phyB-9, and phyA-211phyB-9 double mutants unveiled a critical role for phytochrome A (PhyA) in protecting roots from genotoxic stress, regeneration and cell replenishment in the meristematic zone. PhyA was located on primary root tips, where it influences genes related to the repair of DNA, including ERF115 and RAD51. Interestingly, phyA-211 mutants treated with zeocin failed to induce the expression of the repressor of cell cycle MYB3R3, which correlated with expression of the mitotic cyclin CycB1, suggesting that PhyA is required for safeguarding the DNA integrity during cell division. Moreover, the growth of the primary roots of PhyA downstream component HY5 and root growth analyses in darkness suggest that cell viability and DNA damage responses within root meristems may act independently from light and photomorphogenesis. These data support novel roles for PhyA as a key player for stem cell niche maintenance and DNA damage responses, which are critical for proper root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Iván Huerta-Venegas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Javier Raya-González
- Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - León Francisco Ruíz-Herrera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
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Wu S, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Liu F, Hu W. Application of Multi-Omics Technologies to the Study of Phytochromes in Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:99. [PMID: 38247523 PMCID: PMC10812741 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochromes (phy) are distributed in various plant organs, and their physiological effects influence plant germination, flowering, fruiting, and senescence, as well as regulate morphogenesis throughout the plant life cycle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key regulatory factor in plant systemic responses to environmental stimuli, with an attractive regulatory relationship with phytochromes. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, omics techniques have become powerful tools, and researchers have used omics techniques to facilitate the big data revolution. For an in-depth analysis of phytochrome-mediated signaling pathways, integrated multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) approaches may provide the answer from a global perspective. This article comprehensively elaborates on applying multi-omics techniques in studying phytochromes. We describe the current research status and future directions on transcriptome-, proteome-, and metabolome-related network components mediated by phytochromes when cells are subjected to various stimulation. We emphasize the importance of multi-omics technologies in exploring the effects of phytochromes on cells and their molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we provide methods and ideas for future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Wu
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qi Zhang
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Weiming Hu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
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Gao J, Zhang R, Zheng L, Song L, Ji M, Li S, Wang J, Yang J, Kang G, Zhang P, Shi Y, Jiao Y, Pincus D, Zheng X. Blue light receptor CRY1 regulates HSFA1d nuclear localization to promote plant thermotolerance. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113117. [PMID: 37703177 PMCID: PMC10591714 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature increases as light intensity rises, but whether light signals can be directly linked to high temperature response in plants is unclear. Here, we find that light pre-treatment enables plants to survive better under high temperature, designated as light-induced thermotolerance (LIT). With short-term light treatment, plants induce light-signaling pathway genes and heat shock genes. Blue light photoreceptor cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) is required for LIT. We also find that CRY1 physically interacts with the heat shock transcription factor A1d (HsfA1d) and that HsfA1d is involved in thermotolerance under light treatment. Furthermore, CRY1 promotes HsfA1d nuclear localization through importin alpha 1 (IMPα1). Consistent with this, CRY1 shares more than half of the chromatin binding sites with HsfA1d. Mutation of CRY1 (cry1-304) diminishes a large number of HsfA1d binding sites that are shared with CRY1. We present a model where, by coupling light sensing to high-temperature stress, CRY1 confers thermotolerance in plants via HsfA1d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Runcong Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lanjie Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Linhu Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Manchun Ji
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shi Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jinxi Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guozhang Kang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Paifeng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yong Shi
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Yongqing Jiao
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - David Pincus
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Center for Physics of Evolving Systems, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Xu Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Jia X, Song M, Wang S, Liu T, Wang L, Guo L, Su L, Shi Y, Zheng X, Yang J. Arabidopsis phytochromes A and B synergistically repress SPA1 under blue light. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:888-894. [PMID: 36394421 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, although studies have demonstrated that phytochrome A (phyA) and phyB are involved in blue light signaling, how blue light-activated phytochromes modulate the activity of the CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)-SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (SPA1) E3 complex remains largely unknown. Here, we show that phyA responds to early and weak blue light, whereas phyB responds to sustainable and strong blue light. Activation of both phyA and phyB by blue light inhibits SPA1 activity. Specifically, blue light irradiation promoted the nuclear import of both phytochromes to stimulate their binding to SPA1, abolishing SPA1's interaction with LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) to release HY5, which promoted seedling photomorphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100875, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shaoci Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Police College, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liang Su
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Genseed Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Hu L, Zhang M, Shang J, Liu Z, Weng Y, Yue H, Li Y, Chen P. A 5.5-kb LTR-retrotransposon insertion inside phytochrome B gene (CsPHYB) results in long hypocotyl and early flowering in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:68. [PMID: 36952021 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The novel spontaneous long hypocotyl and early flowering (lhef) mutation in cucumber is due to a 5551-bp LTR-retrotransposon insertion in CsPHYB gene encoding PHYTOCHROME B, which plays a major role in regulating photomorphogenic hypocotyl growth and flowering. Hypocotyl length and flowering time are important for establishing high-quality seedlings in modern cucumber production, but little is known for the underlying molecular mechanisms of these two traits. In this study, a spontaneous cucumber long hypocotyl and early flowering mutant was identified and characterized. Based on multiple lines of evidence, we show that cucumber phytochrome B (CsPHYB) is the candidate gene for this mutation, and a 5551-bp LTR-retrotransposon insertion in the first exon of CsPHYB was responsible for the mutant phenotypes. Uniqueness of the mutant allele at CsPHYB was verified in 114 natural cucumber lines. Ectopic expression of the CsPHYB in Arabidopsis phyB mutant rescued the long hypocotyl and early flowering phenotype of phyB-9 mutant. The wild-type CsPHYB protein was localized on the membrane and cytoplasm under white light condition, whereas in the nucleus under red light, it is consistent with its roles as a red-light photoreceptor in Arabidopsis. However, the mutant csphyb protein was localized on the membrane and cytoplasm under both white and red-light conditions. Expression dynamics of CsPHYB and several cell elongation-related genes were positively correlated with hypocotyl elongation; the transcription levels of key positive and negative regulators for flowering time were also consistent with the anthesis dates in the mutant and wild-type plants. Yeast two hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays identified physical interactions between CsPHYB and phytochrome interacting factor 3/4 (CsPIF3/4). These findings will provide new insights into the roles of the CsPHYB in cucumber hypocotyl growth and flowering time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Shang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zichen Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiqun Weng
- Horticulture Department, USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Hongzhong Yue
- Vegetable Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Sahu S, Gupta P, Gowtham TP, Yogesh KS, Sanjay TD, Singh A, Duong HV, Pradhan SK, Bisht DS, Singh NK, Baig MJ, Rai R, Dash PK. Generation of High-Value Genomic Resource in Rice: A “Subgenomic Library” of Low-Light Tolerant Rice Cultivar Swarnaprabha. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030428. [PMID: 36979120 PMCID: PMC10044706 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice is the major staple food crop for more than 50% of the world’s total population, and its production is of immense importance for global food security. As a photophilic plant, its yield is governed by the quality and duration of light. Like all photosynthesizing plants, rice perceives the changes in the intensity of environmental light using phytochromes as photoreceptors, and it initiates a morphological response that is termed as the shade-avoidance response (SAR). Phytochromes (PHYs) are the most important photoreceptor family, and they are primarily responsible for the absorption of the red (R) and far-red (FR) spectra of light. In our endeavor, we identified the morphological differences between two contrasting cultivars of rice: IR-64 (low-light susceptible) and Swarnaprabha (low-light tolerant), and we observed the phenological differences in their growth in response to the reduced light conditions. In order to create genomic resources for low-light tolerant rice, we constructed a subgenomic library of Swarnaprabha that expedited our efforts to isolate light-responsive photoreceptors. The titer of the library was found to be 3.22 × 105 cfu/mL, and the constructed library comprised clones of 4–9 kb in length. The library was found to be highly efficient as per the number of recombinant clones. The subgenomic library will serve as a genomic resource for the Gramineae community to isolate photoreceptors and other genes from rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sovanlal Sahu
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Payal Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
| | | | - Kumar Shiva Yogesh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
| | | | - Ayushi Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Hay Van Duong
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City 71007, Vietnam
| | - Sharat Kumar Pradhan
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
- Indian Council of Agriculture Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Deepak Singh Bisht
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Nagendra Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Mirza J. Baig
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
| | - Rhitu Rai
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (P.K.D.); Tel.: +91-1125841787 (R.R. & P.K.D.); Fax: +91-1125843984 (R.R. & P.K.D.)
| | - Prasanta K. Dash
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110001, India
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (P.K.D.); Tel.: +91-1125841787 (R.R. & P.K.D.); Fax: +91-1125843984 (R.R. & P.K.D.)
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Phytochrome A in plants comprises two structurally and functionally distinct populations — water-soluble phyA′ and amphiphilic phyA″. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:905-921. [DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00974-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Veciana N, Martín G, Leivar P, Monte E. BBX16 mediates the repression of seedling photomorphogenesis downstream of the GUN1/GLK1 module during retrograde signalling. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:93-106. [PMID: 35043407 PMCID: PMC9305768 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signalling (RS) initiated by dysfunctional chloroplasts impact photomorphogenic development. We have previously shown that the transcription factor GLK1 acts downstream of the RS regulator GUN1 in photodamaging conditions to regulate not only the well established expression of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes (PhANGs) but also to regulate seedling morphogenesis. Specifically, the GUN1/GLK1 module inhibits the light-induced phytochrome-interacting factor (PIF)-repressed transcriptional network to suppress cotyledon development when chloroplast integrity is compromised, modulating the area exposed to potentially damaging high light. However, how the GUN1/GLK1 module inhibits photomorphogenesis upon chloroplast damage remained undefined. Here, we report the identification of BBX16 as a novel direct target of GLK1. BBX16 is induced and promotes photomorphogenesis in moderate light and is repressed via GUN1/GLK1 after chloroplast damage. Additionally, we showed that BBX16 represents a regulatory branching point downstream of GUN1/GLK1 in the regulation of PhANG expression and seedling development upon RS activation. The gun1 phenotype in lincomycin and the gun1-like phenotype of GLK1OX are markedly suppressed in gun1bbx16 and GLK1OXbbx16. This study identified BBX16 as the first member of the BBX family involved in RS, and defines a molecular bifurcation mechanism operated by GLK1/BBX16 to optimise seedling de-etiolation, and to ensure photoprotection in unfavourable light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil Veciana
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus UAB, Bellaterra08193BarcelonaSpain
| | - Guiomar Martín
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus UAB, Bellaterra08193BarcelonaSpain
| | - Pablo Leivar
- Laboratory of BiochemistryInstitut Químic de SarriàUniversitat Ramon Llull08017BarcelonaSpain
| | - Elena Monte
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus UAB, Bellaterra08193BarcelonaSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)08028BarcelonaSpain
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Ding J, Zhang B, Li Y, André D, Nilsson O. Phytochrome B and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR8 modulate seasonal growth in trees. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:2339-2352. [PMID: 33735450 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The seasonally synchronized annual growth cycle that is regulated mainly by photoperiod and temperature cues is a crucial adaptive strategy for perennial plants in boreal and temperate ecosystems. Phytochrome B (phyB), as a light and thermal sensor, has been extensively studied in Arabidopsis. However, the specific mechanisms for how the phytochrome photoreceptors control the phenology in tree species remain poorly understood. We characterized the functions of PHYB genes and their downstream PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) targets in the regulation of shade avoidance and seasonal growth in hybrid aspen trees. We show that while phyB1 and phyB2, as phyB in other plants, act as suppressors of shoot elongation during vegetative growth, they act as promoters of tree seasonal growth. Furthermore, while the Populus homologs of both PIF4 and PIF8 are involved in the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), only PIF8 plays a major role as a suppressor of seasonal growth. Our data suggest that the PHYB-PIF8 regulon controls seasonal growth through the regulation of FT and CENL1 expression while a genome-wide transcriptome analysis suggests how, in Populus trees, phyB coordinately regulates SAS responses and seasonal growth cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Ding
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Yue Li
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Domenique André
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 901 83, Sweden
| | - Ove Nilsson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 901 83, Sweden
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Favero DS, Lambolez A, Sugimoto K. Molecular pathways regulating elongation of aerial plant organs: a focus on light, the circadian clock, and temperature. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:392-420. [PMID: 32986276 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organs such as hypocotyls and petioles rapidly elongate in response to shade and temperature cues, contributing to adaptive responses that improve plant fitness. Growth plasticity in these organs is achieved through a complex network of molecular signals. Besides conveying information from the environment, this signaling network also transduces internal signals, such as those associated with the circadian clock. A number of studies performed in Arabidopsis hypocotyls, and to a lesser degree in petioles, have been informative for understanding the signaling networks that regulate elongation of aerial plant organs. In particular, substantial progress has been made towards understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate responses to light, the circadian clock, and temperature. Signals derived from these three stimuli converge on the BAP module, a set of three different types of transcription factors that interdependently promote gene transcription and growth. Additional key positive regulators of growth that are also affected by environmental cues include the CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) and SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (SPA) E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins. In this review we summarize the key signaling pathways that regulate the growth of hypocotyls and petioles, focusing specifically on molecular mechanisms important for transducing signals derived from light, the circadian clock, and temperature. While it is clear that similarities abound between the signaling networks at play in these two organs, there are also important differences between the mechanisms regulating growth in hypocotyls and petioles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Favero
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Alice Lambolez
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 119-0033, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 119-0033, Japan
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11
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Matsusaka D, Filiault D, Sanchez DH, Botto JF. Ultra-High-Density QTL Marker Mapping for Seedling Photomorphogenesis Mediating Arabidopsis Establishment in Southern Patagonia. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:677728. [PMID: 34367202 PMCID: PMC8343176 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.677728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana shows a wide range of genetic and trait variation among wild accessions. Because of its unparalleled biological and genomic resources, Arabidopsis has a high potential for the identification of genes underlying ecologically important complex traits, thus providing new insights on genome evolution. Previous research suggested that distinct light responses were crucial for Arabidopsis establishment in a peculiar ecological niche of southern Patagonia. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic basis of contrasting light-associated physiological traits that may have mediated the rapid adaptation to this new environment. From a biparental cross between the photomorphogenic contrasting accessions Patagonia (Pat) and Columbia (Col-0), we generated a novel recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, which was entirely next-generation sequenced to achieve ultra-high-density saturating molecular markers resulting in supreme mapping sensitivity. We validated the quality of the RIL population by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for seedling de-etiolation, finding seven QTLs for hypocotyl length in the dark and continuous blue light (Bc), continuous red light (Rc), and continuous far-red light (FRc). The most relevant QTLs, Rc1 and Bc1, were mapped close together to chromosome V; the former for Rc and Rc/dark, and the latter for Bc, FRc, and dark treatments. The additive effects of both QTLs were confirmed by independent heterogeneous inbred families (HIFs), and we explored TZP and ABA1 as potential candidate genes for Rc1 and Bc1QTLs, respectively. We conclude that the Pat × Col-0 RIL population is a valuable novel genetic resource to explore other adaptive traits in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Matsusaka
- IFEVA, UBA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniele Filiault
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diego H. Sanchez
- IFEVA, UBA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier F. Botto
- IFEVA, UBA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Javier F. Botto,
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12
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Zhang R, Yang C, Jiang Y, Li L. A PIF7-CONSTANS-Centered Molecular Regulatory Network Underlying Shade-Accelerated Flowering. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:1587-1597. [PMID: 31568831 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To compete with their neighbors for light and escape shaded environments, sun-loving plants have developed the shade-avoidance syndrome (SAS), a set of responses including alteration of plant architecture and initiation of early flowering and seed set. Previous studies on SAS mainly focused on dissecting molecular basis of hypocotyl elongation in seedlings under shade light; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying shade-accelerated flowering in adult plants remain unknown. In this study, we found that CONSTANS (CO) and PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 7 (PIF7) have an additive effect on shade-induced flowering, but that LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED1 (HFR1) represses early flowering by binding to CO and PIF7 and preventing the binding of CO to the promoter of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and the binding of PIF7 to the promoter of pri-MIR156E/F. Under shade, de-phosphorylated PIF7 and accumulated CO, balanced by HFR1, upregulate the expression of FT, TSF, SOC1, and SPLs to accelerate flowering. Moreover, we found that the function of PIF7 in flowering time is independent of phyA. Collectively, these regulatory interactions establish a crucial link between the light signal and genetic network that regulates flowering transition under shade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Ranade SS, Delhomme N, García-Gil MR. Global gene expression analysis in etiolated and de-etiolated seedlings in conifers. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219272. [PMID: 31276530 PMCID: PMC6611632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant life cycle begins with germination of seed below the ground. This is followed by seedling's development in the dark: skotomorphogenesis; and then a light-mediated growth: photomorphogenesis. After germination, hypocotyl grows rapidly to reach the sun, which involves elongation of shoot at the expense of root and cotyledons. Upon reaching ground level, seedling gets exposed to sunlight following a switch from the etiolated (skotomorphogenesis) to the de-etiolated (photomorphogenesis) stage, involving a series of molecular and physiological changes. Gymnosperms have evolved very differently and adopted diverse strategies as compared to angiosperms; with regards to response to light quality, conifers display a very mild high-irradiance response as compared to angiosperms. Absence of apical hook and synthesis of chlorophyll during skotomorphogenesis are two typical features in gymnosperms which differentiate them from angiosperms (dicots). Information regarding etiolation and de-etiolation processes are well understood in angiosperms, but these mechanisms are less explored in conifer species. It is, therefore, interesting to know how similar these processes are in conifers as compared to angiosperms. We performed a global expression analysis (RNA sequencing) on etiolated and de-etiolated seedlings of two economically important conifer species in Sweden to review the differentially expressed genes associated with the two processes. Based on the results, we propose that high levels of HY5 in conifers under DARK condition coupled with expression of few other genes associated with de-etiolation in angiosperms e.g. SPA, DET1 (lower expression under DARK) and CRY1 (higher expression under DARK), leads to partial expression of photomorphogenic genes in the DARK phenotype in conifers as displayed by absence of apical hook, opening of cotyledons and synthesis of chlorophyll.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sachin Ranade
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, SE, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Delhomme
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M. Rosario García-Gil
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE, Umeå, Sweden
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14
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Xu D, Marino G, Klingl A, Enderle B, Monte E, Kurth J, Hiltbrunner A, Leister D, Kleine T. Extrachloroplastic PP7L Functions in Chloroplast Development and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:323-341. [PMID: 30760637 PMCID: PMC6501107 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast biogenesis is indispensable for proper plant development and environmental acclimation. In a screen for mutants affected in photosynthesis, we identified the protein phosphatase7-like (pp7l) mutant, which displayed delayed chloroplast development in cotyledons and young leaves. PP7L, PP7, and PP7-long constitute a subfamily of phosphoprotein phosphatases. PP7 is thought to transduce a blue-light signal perceived by crys and phy a that induces expression of SIGMA FACTOR5 (SIG5). We observed that, like PP7, PP7L was predominantly localized to the nucleus in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and the pp7l phenotype was similar to that of the sig6 mutant. However, SIG6 expression was unaltered in pp7l mutants. Instead, loss of PP7L compromised translation and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) maturation in chloroplasts, pointing to a distinct mechanism influencing chloroplast development. Promoters of genes deregulated in pp7l-1 were enriched in PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF)-binding motifs and the transcriptome of pp7l-1 resembled those of pif and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS1 (COP1) signalosome complex (csn) mutants. However, pif and csn mutants, as well as cop1, cryptochromes (cry)1 cry2, and phytochromes (phy)A phyB mutants, do not share the pp7l photosynthesis phenotype. PhyB protein levels were elevated in pp7l mutants, but phyB overexpression plants did not resemble pp7l These results indicate that PP7L operates through a different pathway and that the control of greening and photosystem biogenesis can be separated. The lack of PP7L increased susceptibility to salt and high-light stress, whereas PP7L overexpression conferred resistance to high-light stress. Strikingly, PP7L was specifically recruited to Brassicales for the regulation of chloroplast development. This study adds another player involved in chloroplast biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duorong Xu
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Giada Marino
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Klingl
- Plant Development, Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Beatrix Enderle
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elena Monte
- Plant Development and Signal Transduction Program, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology-Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona-Universidad de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joachim Kurth
- Plant Development, Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Hiltbrunner
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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15
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Song J, Cao K, Hao Y, Song S, Su W, Liu H. Hypocotyl elongation is regulated by supplemental blue and red light in cucumber seedling. Gene 2019; 707:117-125. [PMID: 31034942 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Light is fundamental for plants in growth and development, with regulating by integration of photoreceptors, hormones, and transcription factors. In this study, the cucumber seedlings were supplemented with different ratios of red and blue light (1R1B, 2R1B, 1R2B and weak daylight as control), with triggering change of phenotype, and gene expression profiles of CsPHYs and CsCRYs, CsGAs/BRs, and CsPIFs in hypocotyls. The cucumber seedling growth was significantly improved by supplemental light quality as compared with CK, and the seedlings in 2R1B were the stoutest, with obviously shortening hypocotyls, and higher dry weight and seedlings index at two-leaf stage. The gene expression of photoreceptor and hormone, including CsPHYA, CsPHYB, CsCRY1, CsGA20ox1, CsGA20ox2, CsGA3ox1, was significantly up-regulated in hypocotyl under different supplemental light conditions. The cucumber seedlings silenced by pTRV2-PIF4 had an obvious shortened hypocotyl. The expression level of CsCRY1, CsGA20ox1 and CsGA3ox1 was markedly down-regulation, whereas CsPHYA and CsPHYB expression increased observably and CsGA20ox2 expression was not dramatically difference in pTRV2-PIF4-infected seedlings. Thus, cucumber seedlings hypocotyl elongation was regulated by different supplemental light through crosstalk of photoreceptor, GAs, PIFs, and increasing ratio of red light could promote suppression of hypocotyl elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Song
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kai Cao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanwei Hao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shiwei Song
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wei Su
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Houcheng Liu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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16
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Lim J, Park JH, Jung S, Hwang D, Nam HG, Hong S. Antagonistic Roles of PhyA and PhyB in Far-Red Light-Dependent Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:1753-1764. [PMID: 30099525 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is regulated by diverse developmental and environmental factors to maximize plant fitness. The red to far-red light ratio (R:FR) detected by plant phytochromes is reduced under vegetation shade, thus initiating leaf senescence. However, the role of phytochromes in promoting leaf senescence under FR-enriched conditions is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of phyA and phyB in regulating leaf senescence under FR in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). FR enrichment and intermittent FR pulses promoted the senescence of Arabidopsis leaves. Additionally, phyA and phyB mutants showed enhanced and repressed senescence phenotypes in FR, respectively, indicating that phyA and phyB antagonistically regulate FR-dependent leaf senescence. Transcriptomic analysis using phyA and phyB mutants in FR identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in leaf senescence-related processes, such as responses to light, phytohormones, temperature, photosynthesis and defense, showing opposite expression patterns in phyA and phyB mutants. These contrasting expression profiles of DEGs support the antagonism between phyA and phyB in FR-dependent leaf senescence. Among the genes showing antagonistic regulation, we confirmed that the expression of WRKY6, which encodes a senescence-associated transcription factor, was negatively and positively regulated by phyA and phyB, respectively. The wrky6 mutant showed a repressed senescence phenotype compared with the wild type in FR, indicating that WRKY6 plays a positive role in FR-dependent leaf senescence. Our results imply that antagonism between phyA and phyB is involved in fine-tuning leaf senescence under varying FR conditions in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyun Lim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences & Biotechnology, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Park
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjoon Jung
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Gil Nam
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghyun Hong
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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17
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Sun T, Yuan H, Cao H, Yazdani M, Tadmor Y, Li L. Carotenoid Metabolism in Plants: The Role of Plastids. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:58-74. [PMID: 28958604 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are indispensable to plants and critical in human diets. Plastids are the organelles for carotenoid biosynthesis and storage in plant cells. They exist in various types, which include proplastids, etioplasts, chloroplasts, amyloplasts, and chromoplasts. These plastids have dramatic differences in their capacity to synthesize and sequester carotenoids. Clearly, plastids play a central role in governing carotenogenic activity, carotenoid stability, and pigment diversity. Understanding of carotenoid metabolism and accumulation in various plastids expands our view on the multifaceted regulation of carotenogenesis and facilitates our efforts toward developing nutrient-enriched food crops. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of various types of plastids on carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation, and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the regulatory control of carotenogenesis and metabolic engineering of carotenoids in light of plastid types in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhu Sun
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hui Yuan
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hongbo Cao
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Mohammad Yazdani
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yaakov Tadmor
- Plant Science Institute, Israeli Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Yaar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishai 30095, Israel
| | - Li Li
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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18
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Viczián A, Klose C, Ádám É, Nagy F. New insights of red light-induced development. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:2457-2468. [PMID: 27943362 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The red/far-red light absorbing photoreceptors phytochromes regulate development and growth and thus play an essential role in optimizing adaptation of the sessile plants to the ever-changing environment. Our understanding of how absorption of a red/far-red photon by phytochromes initiates/modifies diverse physiological responses has been steadily improving. Research performed in the last 5 years has been especially productive and led to significant conceptual changes about the mode of action of these photoreceptors. In this review, we focus on the phytochrome B photoreceptor, the major phytochrome species active in light-grown plants. We discuss how its light-independent inactivation (termed dark/thermal reversion), post-translational modification, including ubiquitination, phosphorylation and sumoylation, as well as heterodimerization with other phytochrome species modify red light-controlled physiological responses. Finally, we discuss how photobiological properties of phytochrome B enable this photoreceptor to function also as a thermosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Viczián
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Cornelia Klose
- Institute of Biology2/Botany, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Éva Ádám
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Nagy
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Molecular Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JH, UK
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19
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Favero DS, Le KN, Neff MM. Brassinosteroid signaling converges with SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 to influence the expression of SMALL AUXIN UP RNA genes and hypocotyl growth. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:1133-1145. [PMID: 27984677 PMCID: PMC5665367 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between signaling pathways help guide plant development. In this study, we found that brassinosteroid (BR) signaling converges with SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 (SOB3) to influence both the transcription of genes involved in cell elongation and hypocotyl growth. Specifically, SOB3 mutant hypocotyl phenotypes, which are readily apparent when the seedlings are grown in dim white light, were attenuated by treatment with either brassinolide (BL) or the BR biosynthesis inhibitor brassinazole (BRZ). Hypocotyls of SOB3 mutant seedlings grown in white light with a higher fluence rate also exhibited altered sensitivities to BL, further suggesting a connection to BR signaling. However, the impact of BL treatment on SOB3 mutants grown in moderate-intensity white light was reduced when polar auxin transport was inhibited. BL treatment enhanced transcript accumulation for all six members of the SMALL AUXIN UP RNA19 (SAUR19) subfamily, which promote cell expansion, are repressed by SOB3 and light, and are induced by auxin. Conversely, BRZ inhibited the expression of SAUR19 and its homologs. Expression of these SAURs was also enhanced in lines expressing a constitutively active form of the BR signaling component BZR1, further indicating that the transcription of SAUR19 subfamily members are influenced by this hormone signaling pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that SOB3 and BR signaling converge to influence the transcription of hypocotyl growth-promoting SAUR19 subfamily members.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Favero
- Molecular Plant Sciences Graduate Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Kimberly Ngan Le
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Michael M. Neff
- Molecular Plant Sciences Graduate Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- For correspondence ()
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20
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Vanhaelewyn L, Schumacher P, Poelman D, Fankhauser C, Van Der Straeten D, Vandenbussche F. REPRESSOR OF ULTRAVIOLET-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS function allows efficient phototropin mediated ultraviolet-B phototropism in etiolated seedlings. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 252:215-221. [PMID: 27717456 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UV-B) light is a part of the solar radiation which has significant effects on plant morphology, even at low doses. In Arabidopsis, many of these morphological changes have been attributed to a specific UV-B receptor, UV resistance locus 8 (UVR8). Recent findings showed that next to phototropin regulated phototropism, UVR8 mediated signaling is able of inducing directional bending towards UV-B light in etiolated seedlings of Arabidopsis, in a phototropin independent manner. In this study, kinetic analysis of phototropic bending was used to evaluate the relative contribution of each of these pathways in UV-B mediated phototropism. Diminishing UV-B light intensity favors the importance of phototropins. Molecular and genetic analyses suggest that UV-B is capable of inducing phototropin signaling relying on phototropin kinase activity and regulation of NPH3. Moreover, enhanced UVR8 responses in the UV-B hypersensitive rup1rup2 mutants interferes with the fast phototropin mediated phototropism. Together the data suggest that phototropins are the most important receptors for UV-B induced phototropism in etiolated seedlings, and a RUP mediated negative feedback pathway prevents UVR8 signaling to interfere with the phototropin dependent response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vanhaelewyn
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, KL Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Paolo Schumacher
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Poelman
- Lumilab, Department of Solid State Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 181, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, KL Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Filip Vandenbussche
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, KL Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
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21
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Bai Y, Rottwinkel G, Feng J, Liu Y, Lamparter T. Bacteriophytochromes control conjugation in Agrobacterium fabrum. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:192-9. [PMID: 27261700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial conjugation, the transfer of single stranded plasmid DNA from donor to recipient cell, is mediated through the type IV secretion system. We performed conjugation assays using a transmissible artificial plasmid as reporter. With this assay, conjugation in Agrobacterium fabrum was modulated by the phytochromes Agp1 and Agp2, photoreceptors that are most sensitive in the red region of visible light. In conjugation studies with wild-type donor cells carrying a pBIN-GUSINT plasmid as reporter that lacked the Ti (tumor inducing) plasmid, no conjugation was observed. When either agp1(-) or agp2(-) knockout donor strains were used, plasmid DNA was delivered to the recipient, indicating that both phytochromes suppress conjugation in the wild type donor. In the recipient strains, the loss of Agp1 or Agp2 led to diminished conjugation. When wild type cells with Ti plasmid and pBIN-GUS reporter plasmid were used as donor, a high rate of conjugation was observed. The DNA transfer was down regulated by red or far-red light by a factor of 3.5. With agp1(-) or agp2(-) knockout donor cells, conjugation in the dark was about 10 times lower than with the wild type donor, and with the double knockout donor no conjugation was observed. These results imply that the phytochrome system has evolved to inhibit conjugation in the light. The decrease of conjugation under different temperature correlated with the decrease of phytochrome autophosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Bai
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Botanical Institute, Kaiserstr. 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), School of Science and Technology, No. 4, Sections 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Gregor Rottwinkel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Botanical Institute, Kaiserstr. 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Juan Feng
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), School of Science and Technology, No. 4, Sections 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), School of Science and Technology, No. 4, Sections 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Tilman Lamparter
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Botanical Institute, Kaiserstr. 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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