Antioxidative Effect of Quetiapine on Acute Ultraviolet-B-Induced Skin and HaCaT Cell Damage

Hyaluronic acid-liposomes hybridized with HucMSC exosomes for enhanced exosomes transdermal delivery and acute skin photodamage repair

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can damage human skin, resulting in photodamage. Repairing photodamaged skin has been a major focus of research in recent years. Extensive research has shown that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (Exo) possess anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and wound healing properties, holding great potential for treating skin damage. However, due to the limitations of exosomes alone, such as poor transdermal penetration, instability, and low utilization, there is an urgent need for new delivery strategies. We designed a hybrid nanovesicle (HL@Exo) by combining ultrasonic incubation with membrane extrusion to fuse Exo with HL. HL@Exo capitalizes on the advantages of liposomal carriers and the permeation-enhancing properties of hyaluronic acid to effectively facilitate transdermal delivery of Exo. The successful fusion of HL@Exo and its skin penetration were verified by methods such as fluorescent labeling, western blotting, Transwell assays, and in vivo imaging. In vitro studies on photodamaged keratinocytes and endothelial cells demonstrated HL@Exo ability to promote cell proliferation, repair, angiogenesis, and reduce inflammation. In a laser-induced skin photodamage model, HL@Exo enhanced collagen regeneration, accelerated wound healing, and demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects, indicating its potential as a non-invasive treatment and offering a novel strategy for the clinical application of Exo.

Effect and Mechanism of Tricholoma matsutake Extract on UVA and UVB Radiation-Induced Skin Aging

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation often causes skin aging, inflammation, cancer and other related skin diseases. In this study, the main components of Tricholoma matsutake extract (TME) were identified using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, and their anti-photoaging effects were assessed through UV-induced cell and animal models. The key components identified were D-mannitol (27.41%), DL-malic acid (14%), alginate (12.5%), isoleucine (4.82%), and phenylalanine (4.31%), all of which played roles in anti-aging and UV protection. TME (50-100 mg/ml) significantly alleviated UVA/UVB-induced erythema and wrinkles in mice. Pathological staining showed that TME suppressed UV-induced epidermal hyperplasia (p < 0.05), reduced collagen damage (p < 0.01), and decreased mast cell infiltration (p < 0.01), while down-regulating inflammatory markers such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. TME also upregulated type I collagen (COL-1). Flow cytometry results demonstrated that high-dose TME inhibited UV-induced apoptosis and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT cells (p < 0.05). Immunofluorescence and scratch migration assays showed that TME promoted PPAR-α expression, reduced inflammation, and supported skin repair (p < 0.01). Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that TME regulated inflammation-related signaling pathways, helping to prevent skin aging. TME is a promising natural product for skin care and treatment of oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases.

Novel pH-Responsive Structural Rearrangement of Myristic Acid-Conjugated Quetiapine Nanosuspension for Enhanced Long-Acting Delivery Performance

Quetiapine myristate (QM), an ester-bonded lipophilic prodrug of quetiapine (QTP), is synthesized and converted into an amphiphilic structure in acidic pH to trigger a novel self-assembled QM nanosuspension (QMN). Following injection, this QMN rearranges within physiological pH to form nanoaggregates in structure, resulting in enhanced physicochemical properties and in vivo therapeutic performance without an initial burst release. The 200-nm-sized QMN exhibits less invasive injection, higher drug content, and better storage stability profile than conventional poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanosuspensions containing QTP or QM. Following a single intramuscular injection to beagle dogs (35 mg kg-1 QTP), QMN undergoes pH-responsive nanoaggregation to form the lipophilic prodrug, providing esterase-oriented sustained release for five weeks compared with the two-week period of PLGA nanosuspensions. Notably, QMN exhibits improved in vivo pharmacokinetic performance with long-acting delivery while minimizing issues associated with polymeric PLGA formulations, including the initial massive burst release, cellular toxicity, and adverse side effects. These results support the further development of QMN as a novel long-acting injectable to improve patient compliance and dosing frequency.

Chemical Characterization of Honeysuckle Polyphenols and Their Alleviating Function on Ultraviolet B-Damaged HaCaT Cells by Modulating the Nrf2/NF-κB Signaling Pathways

Scientific evidence attests that the epidermis receives excessive ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, triggering the generation of substantial quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupted the delicate equilibrium of oxidation-reduction, leading to oxidative stress and inflammation. The historical use of honeysuckle polyphenols (HPs) has garnered our attention due to their efficacy in inhibiting oxidative damage. In this study, HPs were prepared from honeysuckle flowers employing an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method and quantitatively analyzed by a LC-MS/MS, and the mechanisms underlying HPs' antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects on a UVB-irradiated HaCaT cell model were systematically investigated. The results showed that HPs had a significant cellular repair effect on UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells (p < 0.001). The mechanism of action indicated that HPs could allow Nrf2 to enter the nucleus by regulating the dissociation of Nrf2 from Keap1, which further increases the activity of downstream proteases (SOD and CAT), increases ROS scavenging, and reduces the intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA) level. In addition, HPs could down-regulate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and inhibit NF-κB (P65) dissociating from IκBα, resulting in a decrease in NF-κB (P65) entry into the nucleus and a decrease in inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). In addition, four key compounds in HPs, including chlorogenic acid, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and luteolin, were selected to verify the mechanism of HPs repairing UVB damage using molecular docking techniques. The experiment suggested that four key active compounds could effectively occupy the Kelch homologue (Kelch) structural domain of Keap1, competitively bind with Nrf2, and facilitate the promotion of Nrf2 binding, ultimately enhancing the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus. In addition, four key active compounds could effectively interact with NF-κB (P65) through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic forces to inhibit its entry into the nucleus. In summary, HPs can effectively repair the damage of HaCaT cells by UVB radiation and can be used to develop health and cosmetic products for the treatment of UV radiation-induced diseases.

A new peptide originated from amphibian skin alleviates the ultraviolet B-induced skin photodamage

Although amphibian-derived bioactive peptides have attracted increasing attention for their potential use in the treatment of photodamage, research is still in its infancy. In this study, we obtained a new antioxidant peptide, named OA-GI13 (GIWAPWPPRAGLC), from the skin of the odorous frog Odorrana andersonii and determined its effects on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin photodamage as well as its possible molecular mechanisms. Results showed that OA-GI13 directly scavenged free radicals, maintained the viability of hydrogen peroxide-challenged keratinocytes, promoted the release of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, and reduced the level of lactate dehydrogenase. Furthermore, topical application of OA-GI13 in mice alleviated dorsal skin erythema and edema and protected the skin against UVB irradiation by increasing antioxidant levels and decreasing peroxide, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels. OA-GI13 also alleviated oxidative stress injury in vivo and in vitro, possibly by inhibiting p38 protein phosphorylation. Our study confirmed the anti-photodamage effects of this novel amphibian-derived peptide, thus providing a new molecule for the development of drugs and topical agents for the treatment of skin photodamage.

Protective Effect of L-Hexaguluroic Acid Hexasodium Salt on UVA-Induced Photo-Aging in HaCaT Cells

This study aimed to show the α-L-Hexaguluroic acid hexasodium salt (G6) protective effect against UVA-induced photoaging of human keratinocyte cells. We found that G6 localized to the mitochondria and improved mitochondrial functions. G6 increased respiratory chain complex activities, which led to increased cellular ATP content and NAD+/NADH ratio. Thus, G6 alleviated the oxidative stress state in UVA-irradiated cells. Moreover, G6 can regulate the SIRT1/pGC-1α pathway, which enhanced the cells' viability and mitochondria energy metabolism. Notably, the anti-photoaging potential of G6 was directly associated with the increased level of MMP and SIRT1, which was followed by the upregulation of pGC-1α, D-LOOP, and Mt-TFA, and with the transcriptional activation of NRF1/NRF2. Taking all of the results together, we conclude that G6 could protect HaCaT cells from UVA-induced photo-aging via the regulation of mitochondria energy metabolism and its downstream signaling pathways.