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Shi W, Wang J, Li Z, Xu S, Wang J, Zhang L, Yang H. Reprimo (RPRM) mediates neuronal ferroptosis via CREB-Nrf2/SCD1 pathways in radiation-induced brain injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:343-358. [PMID: 38272326 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal ferroptosis has been found to contribute to degenerative brain disorders and traumatic and hemorrhagic brain injury, but whether radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI), a critical deleterious effect of cranial radiation therapy for primary and metastatic brain tumors, involves neuronal ferroptosis remains unclear. We have recently discovered that deletion of reprimo (RPRM), a tumor suppressor gene, ameliorates RIBI, in which its protective effect on neurons is one of the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we found that whole brain irradiation (WBI) induced ferroptosis in mouse brain, manifesting as alterations in mitochondrial morphology, iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation and a dramatic reduction in glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) level. Moreover, the hippocampal ferroptosis induced by ionizing irradiation (IR) mainly happened in neurons. Intriguingly, RPRM deletion protected the brain and primary neurons against IR-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, RPRM deletion prevented iron accumulation by reversing the significant increase in the expression of iron storage protein ferritin heavy chain (Fth), ferritin light chain (Ftl) and iron importer transferrin receptor 1 (Tfr1), as well as enhancing the expression of iron exporter ferroportin (Fpn) after IR. RPRM deletion also inhibited lipid peroxidation by abolishing the reduction of GPX4 and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase-1 (SCD1) induced by IR. Importantly, RPRM deletion restored or even increased the expression of nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) in irradiated neurons. On top of that, compromised cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) signaling was found to be responsible for the down-regulation of Nrf2 and SCD1 after irradiation, specifically, RPRM bound to CREB and promoted its degradation after IR, leading to a reduction of CREB protein level, which in turn down-regulated Nrf2 and SCD1. Thus, RPRM deletion recovered Nrf2 and SCD1 through its impact on CREB. Taken together, neuronal ferroptosis is involved in RIBI, RPRM deletion prevents IR-induced neuronal ferroptosis through restoring CREB-Nrf2/SCD1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215004, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho- Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215004, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, PR China
| | - Zhaojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, PR China
| | - Shuning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, PR China
| | - Jingdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, PR China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215004, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho- Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215004, PR China; Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215004, PR China.
| | - Hongying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, PR China; Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215004, PR China.
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Ye Z, Wang J, Shi W, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Wang J, Yang H. Reprimo (RPRM) as a Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Target for Radiation-Induced Brain Injury via Multiple Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17055. [PMID: 38069378 PMCID: PMC10707327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients receiving cranial radiotherapy for primary and metastatic brain tumors may experience radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI). Thus far, there has been a lack of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for RIBI. Due to its complicated underlying pathogenic mechanisms, it is rather difficult to develop a single approach to target them simultaneously. We have recently reported that Reprimo (RPRM), a tumor suppressor gene, is a critical player in DNA damage repair, and RPRM deletion significantly confers radioresistance to mice. Herein, by using an RPRM knockout (KO) mouse model established in our laboratory, we found that RPRM deletion alleviated RIBI in mice via targeting its multiple underlying mechanisms. Specifically, RPRM knockout significantly reduced hippocampal DNA damage and apoptosis shortly after mice were exposed to whole-brain irradiation (WBI). For the late-delayed effect of WBI, RPRM knockout obviously ameliorated a radiation-induced decline in neurocognitive function and dramatically diminished WBI-induced neurogenesis inhibition. Moreover, RPRM KO mice exhibited a significantly lower level of acute and chronic inflammation response and microglial activation than wild-type (WT) mice post-WBI. Finally, we uncovered that RPRM knockout not only protected microglia against radiation-induced damage, thus preventing microglial activation, but also protected neurons and decreased the induction of CCL2 in neurons after irradiation, in turn attenuating the activation of microglial cells nearby through paracrine CCL2. Taken together, our results indicate that RPRM plays a crucial role in the occurrence of RIBI, suggesting that RPRM may serve as a novel potential target for the prevention and treatment of RIBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (Z.Y.); (J.W.); (W.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
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3
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Cortes LR, Sturgeon H, Forger NG. Sexual differentiation of estrogen receptor alpha subpopulations in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. Horm Behav 2023; 151:105348. [PMID: 36948113 PMCID: PMC10204815 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER) α-expressing neurons in the ventrolateral area of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) are implicated in the control of many behaviors and physiological processes, some of which are sex-specific. Recently, three sex-differentiated ERα subpopulations have been discovered in the VMHvl marked by co-expression with tachikinin1 (Tac1), reprimo (Rprm), or prodynorphin (Pdyn), that may subserve specific functions. These markers show sex differences in adulthood: females have many more Tac1/Esr1 and Rprm/Esr1 co-expressing cells, while males have more Pdyn/Esr1 cells. In this study, we sought to understand the development of these sex differences and pinpoint the sex-differentiating signal. We examined developmental changes in the number of Esr1 cells co-expressing Tac1, Rprm or Pdyn using single-molecule in situ hybridization. We found that both sexes have similarly high numbers of Tac1/Esr1 and Rprm/Esr1 cells at birth, but newborn males have many more Pdyn/Esr1 cells than females. However, the number of cells with Tac1/Esr1 and Rprm/Esr1 co-expression markedly decreases by weaning in males, but not females, leading to sex differences in neurochemical expression. Female mice administered testosterone at birth have expression patterns akin to male mice. Thus, a substantial neurochemical reorganization of the VMHvl occurs in males between birth and weaning that likely underlies the previously reported sex differences in behavioral and physiological responses to estrogens in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Cortes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - H Sturgeon
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - N G Forger
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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4
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Zhang Y, Ou G, Ye Z, Zhou Z, Cao Q, Li M, Wang J, Cao J, Yang H. RPRM negatively regulates ATM levels through its nuclear translocation on irradiation mediated by CDK4/6 and IPO11. iScience 2022; 25:105115. [PMID: 36185355 PMCID: PMC9519624 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Wu Y, Du J. Downregulated Reprimo by LINC00467 participates in the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11893-11906. [PMID: 35549646 PMCID: PMC9276005 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2063662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) as an aggressive malignancy still causes a global health problem. It has been documented that long noncoding RNAs are involved in GC development. Therefore, this research was designed to explore the role of LINC00467 in the growth and metastasis of GC. The expression of LINC00467 and Reprimo in GC tissues and cells was detected. The binding relationship among LINC00467, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and Reprimo was assessed following. Reprimo promoter methylation was detected by methylation sequencing. GC cell lines overexpressing or knock downing LINC00467 were constructed for pinpointing the effect of LINC00467 on cell functions as well as growth and metastasis of GC cells in vivo. LINC00467 was highly expressed, whereas Reprimo was poorly expressed in GC tissues and cells. Mechanically, LINC00467 promoted the methylation and decreased the expression of Reprimo promoter by recruiting DNMT1 in GC cells. Knockdown of LINC00467 diminished the malignant properties of GC cells. Knockdown of LINC00467 reduced tumorigenesis and metastasis of GC cells in vivo. LINC00467 might exert oncogenic effects in GC via Reprimo downregulation by recruiting DNMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Cangzhou Central HospitalThe 1st, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Chen G, Han Y, Zhang H, Tu W, Zhang S. Radiotherapy-Induced Digestive Injury: Diagnosis, Treatment and Mechanisms. Front Oncol 2021; 11:757973. [PMID: 34804953 PMCID: PMC8604098 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.757973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the main therapeutic methods for treating cancer. The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver and gallbladder). The digestive system is easily impaired during radiotherapy, especially in thoracic and abdominal radiotherapy. In this review, we introduce the physical classification, basic pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, predictive/diagnostic factors, and possible treatment targets of radiotherapy-induced digestive injury. Radiotherapy-induced digestive injury complies with the dose-volume effect and has a radiation-based organ correlation. Computed tomography (CT), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), ultrasound (US) and endoscopy can help diagnose and evaluate the radiation-induced lesion level. The latest treatment approaches include improvement in radiotherapy (such as shielding, hydrogel spacers and dose distribution), stem cell transplantation and drug administration. Gut microbiota modulation may become a novel approach to relieving radiogenic gastrointestinal syndrome. Finally, we summarized the possible mechanisms involved in treatment, but they remain varied. Radionuclide-labeled targeting molecules (RLTMs) are promising for more precise radiotherapy. These advances contribute to our understanding of the assessment and treatment of radiation-induced digestive injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenling Tu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China.,West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Novel Biomarkers of Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Current Research and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225660. [PMID: 34830815 PMCID: PMC8616337 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gastric cancer is characterized by poor survival rates despite surgery and chemotherapy. Current research focuses on biomarkers to improve diagnosis and prognosis, and to enable targeted treatment strategies. The aim of our review was to give an overview over the wide range of novel biomarkers in gastric cancer. These biomarkers are targets of a specific treatment, such as antibodies against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Other promising biomarkers for targeted therapies that have shown relevance in clinical trials are vascular endothelial growth factor, programmed cell death protein 1, and Claudin 18.2. There is a vast number of biomarkers based on DNA, RNA, and protein expression, as well as detection of circulating tumor cells and the immune tumor microenvironment. Abstract Overall survival of gastric cancer remains low, as patients are often diagnosed with advanced stage disease. In this review, we give an overview of current research on biomarkers in gastric cancer and their implementation in treatment strategies. The HER2-targeting trastuzumab is the first molecular targeted agent approved for gastric cancer treatment. Other promising biomarkers for targeted therapies that have shown relevance in clinical trials are VEGF and Claudin 18.2. Expression of MET has been shown to be a negative prognostic factor in gastric cancer. Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway with immune checkpoint inhibitors has proven efficacy in advanced gastric cancer. Recent technology advances allow the detection of circulating tumor cells that may be used as diagnostic and prognostic indicators and for therapy monitoring in gastric cancer patients. Prognostic molecular subtypes of gastric cancer have been identified using genomic data. In addition, transcriptome profiling has allowed a comprehensive characterization of the immune and stromal microenvironment in gastric cancer and development of novel risk scores. These prognostic and predictive markers highlight the rapidly evolving field of research in gastric cancer, promising improved treatment stratification and identification of molecular targets for individualized treatment in gastric cancer.
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8
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Aviña-Padilla K, Ramírez-Rafael JA, Herrera-Oropeza GE, Muley VY, Valdivia DI, Díaz-Valenzuela E, García-García A, Varela-Echavarría A, Hernández-Rosales M. Evolutionary Perspective and Expression Analysis of Intronless Genes Highlight the Conservation of Their Regulatory Role. Front Genet 2021; 12:654256. [PMID: 34306008 PMCID: PMC8302217 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.654256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of eukaryotic genes is generally a combination of exons interrupted by intragenic non-coding DNA regions (introns) removed by RNA splicing to generate the mature mRNA. A fraction of genes, however, comprise a single coding exon with introns in their untranslated regions or are intronless genes (IGs), lacking introns entirely. The latter code for essential proteins involved in development, growth, and cell proliferation and their expression has been proposed to be highly specialized for neuro-specific functions and linked to cancer, neuropathies, and developmental disorders. The abundant presence of introns in eukaryotic genomes is pivotal for the precise control of gene expression. Notwithstanding, IGs exempting splicing events entail a higher transcriptional fidelity, making them even more valuable for regulatory roles. This work aimed to infer the functional role and evolutionary history of IGs centered on the mouse genome. IGs consist of a subgroup of genes with one exon including coding genes, non-coding genes, and pseudogenes, which conform approximately 6% of a total of 21,527 genes. To understand their prevalence, biological relevance, and evolution, we identified and studied 1,116 IG functional proteins validating their differential expression in transcriptomic data of embryonic mouse telencephalon. Our results showed that overall expression levels of IGs are lower than those of MEGs. However, strongly up-regulated IGs include transcription factors (TFs) such as the class 3 of POU (HMG Box), Neurog1, Olig1, and BHLHe22, BHLHe23, among other essential genes including the β-cluster of protocadherins. Most striking was the finding that IG-encoded BHLH TFs fit the criteria to be classified as microproteins. Finally, predicted protein orthologs in other six genomes confirmed high conservation of IGs associated with regulating neural processes and with chromatin organization and epigenetic regulation in Vertebrata. Moreover, this study highlights that IGs are essential modulators of regulatory processes, such as the Wnt signaling pathway and biological processes as pivotal as sensory organ developing at a transcriptional and post-translational level. Overall, our results suggest that IG proteins have specialized, prevalent, and unique biological roles and that functional divergence between IGs and MEGs is likely to be the result of specific evolutionary constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Aviña-Padilla
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
- Centro de Investigacioìn y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Gabriel Emilio Herrera-Oropeza
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dulce I. Valdivia
- Centro de Investigacioìn y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Erik Díaz-Valenzuela
- Centro de Investigacioìn y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Andrés García-García
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
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9
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Jorquera R, González C, Clausen PTLC, Petersen B, Holmes DS. SinEx DB 2.0 update 2020: database for eukaryotic single-exon coding sequences. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2021; 2021:6122466. [PMID: 33507271 PMCID: PMC7904048 DOI: 10.1093/database/baab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Single-exon coding sequences (CDSs), also known as ‘single-exon genes’ (SEGs), are defined as nuclear, protein-coding genes that lack introns in their CDSs. They have been studied not only to determine their origin and evolution but also because their expression has been linked to several types of human cancers and neurological/developmental disorders, and many exhibit tissue-specific transcription. We developed SinEx DB that houses DNA and protein sequence information of SEGs from 10 mammalian genomes including human. SinEx DB includes their functional predictions (KOG (euKaryotic Orthologous Groups)) and the relative distribution of these functions within species. Here, we report SinEx 2.0, a major update of SinEx DB that includes information of the occurrence, distribution and functional prediction of SEGs from 60 completely sequenced eukaryotic genomes, representing animals, fungi, protists and plants. The information is stored in a relational database built with MySQL Server 5.7, and the complete dataset of SEG sequences and their GO (Gene Ontology) functional assignations are available for downloading. SinEx DB 2.0 was built with a novel pipeline that helps disambiguate single-exon isoforms from SEGs. SinEx DB 2.0 is the largest available database for SEGs and provides a rich source of information for advancing our understanding of the evolution, function of SEGs and their associations with disorders including cancers and neurological and developmental diseases. Database URL:http://v2.sinex.cl/
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jorquera
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genome Biology, Fundacion Ciencia & Vida, Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa Santiago 7780132, Chile
- Laboratorio Medicina Traslacional, Fundación Arturo López Pérez, José Manuel Infante 805, Providencia, Santiago 7500691, Chile
| | - C González
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genome Biology, Fundacion Ciencia & Vida, Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa Santiago 7780132, Chile
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Universidad Mayor, Camino la pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - P T L C Clausen
- Department of Global Surveillance, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet building 204, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - B Petersen
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Hovedstaden, Øster Voldgade 5–7, Copenhagen 1350, Denmark
- Centre of Excellence for Omics-Driven Computational Biodiscovery (COMBio), AIMST University, Batu 3 1/2, Jalan Bukit Air Nasi, 08100 Bedong, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - D S Holmes
- *Corresponding author: Tel: +56 2 22398969;
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10
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Alarcón MA, Olivares W, Córdova-Delgado M, Muñoz-Medel M, de Mayo T, Carrasco-Aviño G, Wichmann I, Landeros N, Amigo J, Norero E, Villarroel-Espíndola F, Riquelme A, Garrido M, Owen GI, Corvalán AH. The Reprimo-Like Gene Is an Epigenetic-Mediated Tumor Suppressor and a Candidate Biomarker for the Non-Invasive Detection of Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249472. [PMID: 33322837 PMCID: PMC7763358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprimo-like (RPRML) is an uncharacterized member of the Reprimo gene family. Here, we evaluated the role of RPRML and whether its regulation by DNA methylation is a potential non-invasive biomarker of gastric cancer. RPRML expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 90 patients with gastric cancer and associated with clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes. The role of RPRML in cancer biology was investigated in vitro, through RPRML ectopic overexpression. Functional experiments included colony formation, soft agar, MTS, and Ki67 immunofluorescence assays. DNA methylation-mediated silencing was evaluated by the 5-azacytidine assay and direct bisulfite sequencing. Non-invasive detection of circulating methylated RPRML DNA was assessed in 25 gastric cancer cases and 25 age- and sex-balanced cancer-free controls by the MethyLight assay. Downregulation of RPRML protein expression was associated with poor overall survival in advanced gastric cancer. RPRML overexpression significantly inhibited clonogenic capacity, anchorage-independent growth, and proliferation in vitro. Circulating methylated RPRML DNA distinguished patients with gastric cancer from controls with an area under the curve of 0.726. The in vitro overexpression results and the poor patient survival associated with lower RPRML levels suggest that RPRML plays a tumor-suppressive role in the stomach. Circulating methylated RPRML DNA may serve as a biomarker for the non-invasive detection of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Alejandra Alarcón
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (T.d.M.); (G.I.O.)
| | - Wilda Olivares
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (T.d.M.); (G.I.O.)
| | - Miguel Córdova-Delgado
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Matías Muñoz-Medel
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Tomas de Mayo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (T.d.M.); (G.I.O.)
- Faculty of Sciences, School of Medicine Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Carrasco-Aviño
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380456, Chile;
- Department of Pathology, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago 7591210, Chile
| | - Ignacio Wichmann
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (T.d.M.); (G.I.O.)
- Department of Obstetrics, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Natalia Landeros
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (T.d.M.); (G.I.O.)
| | - Julio Amigo
- Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330005, Chile;
| | - Enrique Norero
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Hospital Dr Sótero del Río, Santiago 8207257, Chile;
- Digestive Surgery Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Franz Villarroel-Espíndola
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez (FALP), Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Arnoldo Riquelme
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile;
| | - Marcelo Garrido
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Gareth I. Owen
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (T.d.M.); (G.I.O.)
- Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330005, Chile;
| | - Alejandro H. Corvalán
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (M.A.A.); (W.O.); (M.C.-D.); (M.M.-M.); (I.W.); (N.L.); (M.G.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330034, Chile; (T.d.M.); (G.I.O.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Saliminejad K, Soleymani Fard S, Khorram Khorshid HR, Yaghmaie M, Mahmoodzadeh H, Mousavi SA, Ghaffari SH. Methylation Analysis of P16, RASSF1A, RPRM, and RUNX3 in Circulating Cell-Free DNA for Detection of Gastric Cancer: A Validation Study. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2020; 12:99-106. [PMID: 32431794 PMCID: PMC7229449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of Gastric Cancer (GC) patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Hypermethylations of several tumor suppressor genes in cell-free DNA of GC patients have been previously reported. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the methylation status of P16, RASSF1A, RPRM, and RUNX3 and their potentials for early diagnosis of GC. METHODS Methylation status of the four tumor suppressor genes in 96 plasma samples from histopathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma patients (Stage I-IV) and 88 healthy controls was determined using methylation-specific PCR method. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed and Area Under the Curve (AUC) was calculated. Two tailed p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Methylated P16, RASSF1A, RPRM, and RUNX3 were significantly higher in the GC patients (41.7, 33.3, 66.7, and 58.3%) compared to the controls (15.9, 0.0, 6.8, and 4.5%), respectively (p<0.001). Stratification of patients showed that RPRM (AUC: 0.70, Sensitivity: 0.47, Specificity: 0.93, and p<0.001) and RUNX3 (AUC: 0.77, Sensitivity: 0.59, Specificity: 0.95, and p<0.001) had the highest performances in detection of early-stage (I+II) GC. The combined methylation of RPRM and RUNX3 in detection of early-stage GC had a higher AUC of 0.88 (SE=0.042; 95% CI:0.793-0.957; p<0.001), higher sensitivity of 0.82 and reduced specificity of 0.89. CONCLUSION Methylation analysis of RPRM and RUNX3 in circulating cell free-DNA of plasma could be suggested as a potential biomarker for detection of GC in early-stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kioomars Saliminejad
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Soleymani Fard
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Yaghmaie
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habibollah Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Asadollah Mousavi
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamidollah Ghaffari
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Seyed Hamidollah Ghaffari, Ph.D., Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98 21 84902665, Fax: +98 21 88004140, E-mail:
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12
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Gupta MK, Rajeswari J, Reddy PR, Kumar KS, Chamundeswaramma KV, Vadde R. Genetic Marker Identification for the Detection of Early-Onset Gastric Cancer Through Genome-Wide Association Studies. RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN BIOMARKERS AND EARLY DETECTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS 2020:191-211. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4431-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
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13
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Gupta MK, Rajeswari J, Reddy PR, Kumar KS, Chamundeswaramma KV, Vadde R. Genetic Marker Identification for the Detection of Early-Onset Gastric Cancer Through Genome-Wide Association Studies. RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN BIOMARKERS AND EARLY DETECTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS 2020:191-211. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4431-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
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14
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Stanic K, Reig G, Figueroa RJ, Retamal PA, Wichmann IA, Opazo JC, Owen GI, Corvalán AH, Concha ML, Amigo JD. The Reprimo gene family member, reprimo-like (rprml), is required for blood development in embryonic zebrafish. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7131. [PMID: 31073223 PMCID: PMC6509255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Reprimo gene family comprises a group of single-exon genes for which their physiological function remains poorly understood. Heretofore, mammalian Reprimo (RPRM) has been described as a putative p53-dependent tumor suppressor gene that functions at the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint. Another family member, Reprimo-like (RPRML), has not yet an established role in physiology or pathology. Importantly, RPRML expression pattern is conserved between zebrafish and human species. Here, using CRISPR-Cas9 and antisense morpholino oligonucleotides, we disrupt the expression of rprml in zebrafish and demonstrate that its loss leads to impaired definitive hematopoiesis. The formation of hemangioblasts and the primitive wave of hematopoiesis occur normally in absence of rprml. Later in development there is a significant reduction in erythroid-myeloid precursors (EMP) at the posterior blood island (PBI) and a significant decline of definitive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Furthermore, loss of rprml also increases the activity of caspase-3 in endothelial cells within the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), the first perivascular niche where HSPCs reside during zebrafish embryonic development. Herein, we report an essential role for rprml during hematovascular development in zebrafish embryos, specifically during the definitive waves of hematopoiesis, indicating for the first time a physiological role for the rprml gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Stanic
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - German Reig
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Universidad Bernardo O´Higgins, Escuela de Tecnología Médica and Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo J Figueroa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro A Retamal
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio A Wichmann
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Oncología, Departamento de Hematología y Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan C Opazo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Gareth I Owen
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro H Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Oncología, Departamento de Hematología y Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel L Concha
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Santiago, Chile, Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio D Amigo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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15
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Molecular Features Distinguish Gastric Cancer Subtypes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103121. [PMID: 30314372 PMCID: PMC6213039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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