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He Y, Qu L. Non-coding RNAs in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: their role and mechanisms underlying their effects. Metabolism 2024; 154:155833. [PMID: 38462040 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes with a high rate of disability. However, current clinical treatments for DPN are suboptimal. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a type of RNAs that are not translated into proteins. NcRNAs perform functions that regulate epigenetic modifications, transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulators of proteins, and thus participate in the physiological and pathological processes of the body. NcRNAs play a role in the progress of DPN by affecting the processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular autophagy or apoptosis. Therefore, ncRNAs treatment is regarded as a promising therapeutic approach for DPN. In addition, since some ncRNAs present stably in the blood of DPN patients, they are considered as potential biomarkers that contribute to early clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we review the studies on the role of ncRNAs in DPN in the last decade, and discuss the mechanisms of ncRNAs, aiming to provide a reference for the future research on the treatment and early diagnosis of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian He
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Ling Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 100730 Beijing, China.
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Pirmoradi Z, Nakhaie M, Ranjbar H, Kalantar-Neyestanaki D, Kohlmeier KA, Asadi-Shekaari M, Hassanshahi A, Shabani M. Resveratrol and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D decrease Lingo-1 levels, and improve behavior in harmaline-induced Essential tremor, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9864. [PMID: 38684734 PMCID: PMC11058818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is a neurological disease that impairs motor and cognitive functioning. A variant of the Lingo-1 genetic locus is associated with a heightened ET risk, and increased expression of cerebellar Lingo-1. Lingo-1 has been associated with neurodegenerative processes; however, neuroprotection from ET-associated degeneration can be conferred by the protein Sirt1. Sirt1 activity can be promoted by Resveratrol (Res) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VitD3), and thus these factors may exert neuroprotective properties through a Sirt1 mechanism. As Res and VitD3 are linked to Sirt1, enhancing Sirt1 could counteract the negative effects of increased Lingo-1. Therefore, we hypothesized that a combination of Res-VitD3 in a harmaline injection model of ET would modulate Sirt1 and Lingo-1 levels. As expected, harmaline exposure (10 mg/kg/every other day; i.p.) impaired motor coordination, enhanced tremors, rearing, and cognitive dysfunction. When Res (5 mg/kg/day; i.p.) and VitD3 (0.1 mg/kg/day; i.p.) were given to adult rats (n = 8 per group) an hour before harmaline, tremor severity, rearing, and memory impairment were reduced. Individual treatment with Res and VitD3 decreased Lingo-1 gene expression levels in qPCR assays. Co-treatment with Res and VitD3 increased and decreased Sirt1 and Lingo-1 gene expression levels, respectively, and in some cases, beneficial effects on behavior were noted, which were not seen when Res or VitD3 were individually applied. Taken together, our study found that Res and VitD3 improved locomotor and cognitive deficits, modulated Sirt1 and Lingo-1. Therefore, we would recommend co-treatment of VitD3 and Res to leverage complementary effects for the management of ET symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Pirmoradi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 76198-13159, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nakhaie
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hoda Ranjbar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 76198-13159, Iran
| | | | - Kristi A Kohlmeier
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Majid Asadi-Shekaari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 76198-13159, Iran
| | - Amin Hassanshahi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 76198-13159, Iran.
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Acharya M, Singh N, Gupta G, Tambuwala MM, Aljabali AAA, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Goyal R. Vitamin D, Calbindin, and calcium signaling: Unraveling the Alzheimer's connection. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111043. [PMID: 38211841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Calcium is a ubiquitous second messenger that is indispensable in regulating neurotransmission and memory formation. A precise intracellular calcium level is achieved through the concerted action of calcium channels, and calcium exerts its effect by binding to an array of calcium-binding proteins, including calmodulin (CAM), calcium-calmodulin complex-dependent protein kinase-II (CAMK-II), calbindin (CAL), and calcineurin (CAN). Calbindin orchestrates a plethora of signaling events that regulate synaptic transmission and depolarizing signals. Vitamin D, an endogenous fat-soluble metabolite, is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet B radiation. It modulates calcium signaling by increasing the expression of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), stimulating phospholipase C activity, and regulating the expression of calcium channels such as TRPV6. Vitamin D also modulates the activity of calcium-binding proteins, including CAM and calbindin, and increases their expression. Calbindin, a high-affinity calcium-binding protein, is involved in calcium buffering and transport in neurons. It has been shown to inhibit apoptosis and caspase-3 activity stimulated by presenilin 1 and 2 in AD. Whereas CAM, another calcium-binding protein, is implicated in regulating neurotransmitter release and memory formation by phosphorylating CAN, CAMK-II, and other calcium-regulated proteins. CAMK-II and CAN regulate actin-induced spine shape changes, which are further modulated by CAM. Low levels of both calbindin and vitamin D are attributed to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Further research on vitamin D via calbindin-CAMK-II signaling may provide newer insights, revealing novel therapeutic targets and strategies for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Acharya
- Department of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Nicky Singh
- Department of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Universities of Nottingham and Lincoln College of Science, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Rohit Goyal
- Department of Neuropharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Felício J, Moraes L, Lemos G, Souza Í, Vieira G, Silva L, Queiroz N, Souza AC, Melo F, Neto JFA, Britto H, Lemos M, Santos M, Figueiredo P, Motta AR, Reis M, Caldeira G, Leal V, Piani P, Aquino V, Felício K. High dose cholecalciferol supplementation causing morning blood pressure reduction in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6374. [PMID: 38493259 PMCID: PMC10944468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the association of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), blood pressure (BP) and Vitamin D (VD) levels before and after high-dose cholecalciferol supplementation (4000/10,000) UI/day) for 12 weeks in patients (N = 67) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Based on this prospective controlled pilot study, patients were divided into group 1 (N = 23 with CAN) and group 2 (N = 44 without CAN). At baseline, group 1 had higher systolic BP (SBP) during sleep (115 ± 14 vs. 107 ± 12 mmHg, p = 0.04) and lower nocturnal dipping (3 ± 5 vs. 8 ± 6%, p = 0.009). Among those with loss of nocturnal dipping, 45.4% (20/44) had CAN, while in normal nocturnal dipping group it occurred only in 13% (3/23) (p = 0.007). Non-dipper group had worse CAN parameters when compared to dipper group [Very low frequency (VLF) (2.5 ± 0.5vs.2.8 ± 0.4 s, p = 0.01), total power (TP) (2.9 ± 0.6 vs. 3.3 ± 0.4 s, p = 0.01), Valsalva coefficient (1.5 ± 0.4 vs. 1.8 ± 0.6, p = 0.06)]. After VD, only group 1 improved CAN parameters [TP (2.5 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.6, p = 0.01) and VLF (2.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.4 ± 0.5, p = 0.03). Group 1 presented a reduction in morning SBP (120 ± 20 vs. 114 ± 17 mmHg, p = 0.038) and in morning SBP surge (13 ± 13 vs. 5 ± 14, p = 0.04). High-dose VD was associated with improved CAN parameters and reduced awake SBP and morning SBP surge. These findings suggest that VD may benefit patients with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. ISRCTN32601947, registration date: 31/07/2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Felício
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil.
| | - Lorena Moraes
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Lemos
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Ícaro Souza
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Giovana Vieira
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Lilian Silva
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Natércia Queiroz
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Souza
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Franciane Melo
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - João Felício Abrahão Neto
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Hana Britto
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Manuela Lemos
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Márcia Santos
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Priscila Figueiredo
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Regina Motta
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Melissa Reis
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Gisele Caldeira
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Valéria Leal
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Pedro Piani
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Vitória Aquino
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Karem Felício
- Endocrinology Division, University Hospital João de Barros Barreto, Federal University of Pará, 4487, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66073-000, Brazil
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Skv M, Abraham SM, Eshwari O, Golla K, Jhelum P, Maity S, Komal P. Tremendous Fidelity of Vitamin D3 in Age-related Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w. [PMID: 38372958 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD) is a secosteroid hormone and shows a pleiotropic effect in brain-related disorders where it regulates redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, energy production, and growth factor synthesis. Vitamin D3's active metabolic form, 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol), is a known regulator of several genes involved in neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, neurotropism, and neuroinflammation. Multiple studies suggest that VD deficiency can be proposed as a risk factor for the development of several age-related neurological disorders. The evidence for low serum levels of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 or calcidiol), the major circulating form of VD, is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), dementia, and cognitive impairment. Despite decades of evidence on low VD association with neurological disorders, the precise molecular mechanism behind its beneficial effect remains controversial. Here, we will be delving into the neurobiological importance of VD and discuss its benefits in different neuropsychiatric disorders. The focus will be on AD, PD, and HD as they share some common clinical, pathological, and epidemiological features. The central focus will be on the different attributes of VD in the aspect of its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cholinesterase activity, and psychotropic effect in different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Skv
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sharon Mariam Abraham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Omalur Eshwari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore Golla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Program, The Research Instituteof the, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pragya Komal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Ahuja A, Agrawal S, Daiya V, Batra N, Agarwal A. Unraveling Neurological Shades: Vitamin D Toxication and Central Pontine Myelinolysis Exposed. Cureus 2024; 16:e53806. [PMID: 38465127 PMCID: PMC10924149 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report is about a middle-aged female who presented with complaints of pain in the abdomen with intractable vomiting for three months, pain and weakness in bilateral lower limbs for two months, and irritability for three days. She was previously treated for lumbar disc bulge and severe narrowing of the spinal cord whose treatment also included vitamin D supplements. After taking high doses of a vitamin D supplement daily for approximately four months, it resulted in vitamin D toxicity. The sodium level of the patient was in the normal range throughout the treatment. Her magnetic resonance imaging brain revealed features of central pontine myelinolysis. The development of central pontine myelinolysis due to vitamin D toxicity, with normal sodium levels, makes this a rare case for discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Ahuja
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sachin Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Varun Daiya
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nitish Batra
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Aaditi Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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D'Aloia A, Pastori V, Blasa S, Campioni G, Peri F, Sacco E, Ceriani M, Lecchi M, Costa B. A new advanced cellular model of functional cholinergic-like neurons developed by reprogramming the human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:24. [PMID: 38216593 PMCID: PMC10786877 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01790-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Modeling human neuronal properties in physiological and pathological conditions is essential to identify novel potential drugs and to explore pathological mechanisms of neurological diseases. For this purpose, we generated a three-dimensional (3D) neuronal culture, by employing the readily available human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, and a new differentiation protocol. The entire differentiation process occurred in a matrix and lasted 47 days, with 7 days of pre-differentiation phase and 40 days of differentiation, and allowed the development of a 3D culture in conditions consistent with the physiological environment. Neurons in the culture were electrically active, were able to establish functional networks, and showed features of cholinergic neurons. Hence here we provide an easily accessible, reproducible, and suitable culture method that might empower studies on synaptic function, vesicle trafficking, and metabolism, which sustain neuronal activity and cerebral circuits. Moreover, this novel differentiation protocol could represent a promising cellular tool to study physiological cellular processes, such as migration, differentiation, maturation, and to develop novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia D'Aloia
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy.
| | - Valentina Pastori
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Blasa
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Gloria Campioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
- SYSBIO-ISBE-IT, Europe, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Peri
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Sacco
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
- SYSBIO-ISBE-IT, Europe, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michela Ceriani
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Marzia Lecchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Costa
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
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Plantone D, Pardini M, Caneva S, De Stefano N. Is There a Role of Vitamin D in Alzheimer's Disease? CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:545-553. [PMID: 37246320 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230526164421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most prevalent type of neurodegenerative dementia and the sixth leading cause of death worldwide. The so-called "non-calcemic actions" of vitamin D have been increasingly described, and its insufficiency has already been linked to the onset and progression of the main neurological diseases, including AD. Immune-mediated Aβ plaque's phagocytosis and clearance, immune response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function are all influenced by vitamin D, and these functions are considered relevant in AD pathogenesis. However, it has been shown that the genomic vitamin D signaling pathway is already impaired in the AD brain, making things more complicated. In this paper, we aim to summarise the role of vitamin D in AD and review the results of the supplementation trials in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Plantone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Caneva
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola De Stefano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Sari N, Yanik Yalçin T, Erol Ç, Kurt Azap Ö, Arslan H, Karakaya E, Sezgin A, Haberal M. Evaluation of Candidemia in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2024; 22:160-166. [PMID: 38385390 DOI: 10.6002/ect.mesot2023.o39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Solid-organ transplant recipients have high rates of invasive fungal infections. Candida species are the most commonly isolated fungi. Our aim was to identify risk factors, clinical presentations, and outcomes of candidemia in solid-organ transplant recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated adult (≥18 years old) transplant recipients seen from May 2011 to December 2022 at Baskent University Ankara Hospital. From medical records, we retrospectively reviewed age, sex, transplant type, candidemia agent, risk factors, concomitant infections, and mortality of patients with Candida detected in blood culture. We used SPSS statistics software (version 25) to analyze data. RESULTS There were 1080 organ transplants performed during the study period (717 kidney, 279 liver, 84 heart). There were 855 who were ≥18 years (655 kidney, 127 liver, 73 heart), of whom candidemia was detected in 26 (16 male; 11 kidney, 11 liver, 4 heart) with a median age of 47.5 years. The most common agents were Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The most common chronic diseases were hypertension, cirrhosis, and cardiomyopathy. Eighteen patients had a concomitant focus of infection. Ten patients had pneumonia accompanying candidemia. The 30-day mortality rate was as high as 53.8%. The mean duration of candidemia after transplant was 23 months. Catheter-related candidemia was observed in 65% of patients. The 30-day mortality was found to be significantly higher in patients followed in the intensive care unit (P = .014), receiving total parenteral nutrition (P = .001), using broad-spectrum antibiotics (P = .001), and having pneumonia (P = .042) accompanying candidemia. CONCLUSIONS For adult solid-organ transplant recipients with candidemia, careful monitoring is essential for successful management of total parenteral nutrition, central catheter, use of broadspectrum antibiotics, and invasive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuran Sari
- From the Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Alexoudi A, Kesidou L, Gatzonis S, Charalampopoulos C, Tsoga A. Effectiveness of the Combination of Probiotic Supplementation on Motor Symptoms and Constipation in Parkinson's Disease. Cureus 2023; 15:e49320. [PMID: 38146566 PMCID: PMC10749423 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) reflects the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Besides the motor features, non-motor symptoms, such as constipation, are very common. There is accumulating evidence that neuroinflammation is associated with the PD pathological processes. Alterations of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites have been linked to the pathogenesis of PD. Previous research has shown that probiotic supplementation has beneficial effects on motor and non-motor symptoms and especially on constipation. AIM In this study, we examine the effectiveness of a combination of probiotic supplementation (butyrate triglyceride 302.86 mg, Crocus sativus L. 30 mg, and vitamin D3 100 mcg), on constipation and motor symptoms in PD. METHODS The present study is a retrospective study that examined the existing medical records of patients with diagnosed PD, having chronic constipation and used the probiotic supplementation for its management. A total of 41 existing medical records were screened. Medical records were excluded in the case of participation in another study for PD, suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, organic constipation, long-term laxative use changes in the standard dopaminergic treatment, Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score<24, hospitalization and antibiotic medication, and diarrheal syndrome. Nine medical records were excluded, and a final number of 32 medical records was finally examined. All 32 patients had evaluations carried out at baseline and three months after supplement administration. A stool diary questionnaire, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III), and the Schwab and England and the Hoehn and Yahr scales were used for the evaluation. RESULTS The median defecation frequency was significantly improved. The supplementation administration significantly improved UPDRS III by 7.7% (from 35.72±15.51 to 32.97±15.71, p = 0.005) at month three, as compared to baseline. A positive effect was also seen in the Schwab and England scale. There was no effect on the Hoehn and Yahr scale. CONCLUSION The enteric microbiome composition is altered in PD, and there is accumulating evidence that probiotic supplementation could alleviate disease symptoms in neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Alexoudi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, GRC
- Neurology, Neurological Institute of Athens (NIA), Athens, GRC
| | - Lydia Kesidou
- Dentistry, Santorini General Hospital, Santorini, GRC
| | - Stylianos Gatzonis
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, GRC
| | | | - Areti Tsoga
- Department of Public Health Policy, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC
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Turkmen BO, Can B, Buker S, Beser B, Büyükgök D, Dernek B, Bovatekin S, Kucukdagli P, Ilhan B, Kalem ŞA, Erten N, Karan MA, Bahat G. The effect of vitamin D on neurocognitive functions in older vitamin D deficient adults: a pilot longitudinal interventional study. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:781-788. [PMID: 37391231 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between vitamin D and cognitive status remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D replacement on cognitive functions in healthy and cognitively intact vitamin D deficient older females. METHODS This study was designed as a prospective interventional study. A total of 30 female adults aged ≥60 with a serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level of <10 ng/ml were included. Participants were administered 50 000 IU vitamin D3 weekly for 8 weeks followed by a maintenance therapy of 1000 U/day. Detailed neuropsychological assessment was performed prior to vitamin D replacement and repeated at 6 months by the same psychologist. RESULTS Mean age was 63 ± 6.7 years and baseline vitamin D level was 7.8 ± 2.0 (range: 3.5-10.3) ng/ml. At 6 months, vitamin D level was 32.5 ± 3.4 (32.2-55) ng/ml. The Judgement of Line Orientation Test (P = 0.04), inaccurate word memorizing of the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.02), perseveration scores of the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.005), topographical accuracy of the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (P = 0.002), and the spontaneous self-correction of an error in the Boston Naming Test (P = 0.003) scores increased significantly, while the delayed recall score in the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.03), incorrect naming of words in the Boston Naming Test (P = 0.04), interference time of the Stroop Test (P = 0.05), and spontaneous corrections of the Stroop Test (P = 0.02) scores decreased significantly from baseline. CONCLUSION Vitamin D replacement has a positive effect on cognitive domains related to visuospatial, executive, and memory processing functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Ozulu Turkmen
- Istanbul Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Can
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Buker
- Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Birsu Beser
- Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Büyükgök
- Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Dernek
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Bovatekin
- Istanbul Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Kucukdagli
- Istanbul Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Birkan Ilhan
- Istanbul Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Nilgun Erten
- Istanbul Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Karan
- Istanbul Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulistan Bahat
- Istanbul Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Fuh-Ngwa V, Charlesworth JC, Zhou Y, van der Mei I, Melton PE, Broadley SA, Ponsonby AL, Simpson-Yap S, Lechner-Scott J, Taylor BV. The association between disability progression, relapses, and treatment in early relapse onset MS: an observational, multi-centre, longitudinal cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11584. [PMID: 37463930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38415-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The indirect contribution of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses to disability worsening outcomes, and vice-versa, remains unclear. Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) are potential modulators of this association. Understanding how these endo-phenotypes interact may provide insights into disease pathogenesis and treatment practice in relapse-onset MS (ROMS). Utilising a unique, prospectively collected clinical data from a longitudinal cohort of 279 first demyelinating event cases followed for up to 15 years post-onset, we examined indirect associations between relapses and treatment and the risk of disability worsening, and vice-versa. Indirect association parameters were estimated using joint models for longitudinal and survival data. Early relapses within 2.5 years of MS onset predicted early disability worsening outcomes (HR = 3.45, C.I 2.29-3.61) per relapse, but did not contribute to long-term disability worsening thereinafter (HR = 0.21, C.I 0.15-0.28). Conversely, disability worsening outcomes significantly contributed to relapse risk each year (HR = 2.96, C.I 2.91-3.02), and persisted over time (HR = 3.34, C.I 2.90-3.86), regardless of DMT treatments. The duration of DMTs significantly reduced the hazards of relapses (1st-line DMTs: HR = 0.68, C.I 0.58-0.79; 3rd-line DMTs: HR = 0.37, C.I 0.32-0.44) and disability worsening events (1st-line DMTs: HR = 0.74, C.I 0.69-0.79; 3rd-line DMTs: HR = 0.90, C.I 0.85-0.95), respectively. Results from time-dynamic survival probabilities further revealed individuals having higher risk of future relapses and disability worsening outcomes, respectively. The study provided evidence that in ROMS, relapses accrued within 2.5 years of MS onset are strong indicators of disability worsening outcomes, but late relapses accrued 2.5 years post onset are not overt risk factors for further disability worsening. In contrast, disability worsening outcomes are strong positive predictors of current and subsequent relapse risk. Long-term DMT use and older age strongly influence the individual outcomes and their associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Fuh-Ngwa
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - Jac C Charlesworth
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Ingrid van der Mei
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Phillip E Melton
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Simon A Broadley
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Steve Simpson-Yap
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, Melbourne, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Jeannette Lechner-Scott
- School of Medicine and Public Health New Lambton, Hunter New England Health, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, The University of Newcastle Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce V Taylor
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
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Ye X, Zhou Q, Ren P, Xiang W, Xiao L. The Synaptic and Circuit Functions of Vitamin D in Neurodevelopment Disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1515-1530. [PMID: 37424961 PMCID: PMC10327924 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s407731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is a public health issue around the world. According to epidemiological studies, low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increased risk of some neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Animal models reveal that vitamin D has a variety of impacts on the synapses and circuits in the brain. A lack of vitamin D affects the expression of synaptic proteins, as well as the synthesis and metabolism of various neurotransmitters. Depending on where vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are expressed, vitamin D may also regulate certain neuronal circuits through the endocannabinoid signaling, mTOR pathway and oxytocin signaling. While inconsistently, some data suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be able to reduce the core symptoms of ASD and ADHD. This review emphasizes vitamin D's role in the synaptic and circuit mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders including ASD and ADHD. Future application of vitamin D in these disorders will depend on both basic research and clinical studies, in order to make the transition from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Ye
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qionglin Zhou
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Ren
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Xiao
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
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Mhaibes AM, Abdul-Wahab FK. Nephroprotective effect of vitamin D Against Levofloxacin-induced renal injury: an observational study. J Med Life 2023; 16:1032-1040. [PMID: 37900077 PMCID: PMC10600679 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of kidney damage involves complicated interactions between vascular endothelial and tubular cell destruction. Evidence has shown that vitamin D may have anti-inflammatory effects in several models of kidney damage. In this study, we evaluated the effects of synthetic vitamin D on levofloxacin-induced renal injury in rats. Forty-two white Albino rats were divided into six groups, with each group comprising seven rats. Group I served as the control (negative control) and received intraperitoneal injections of normal saline (0.5 ml) once daily for twenty-one days. Group II and Group III were treated with a single intraperitoneal dose of Levofloxacin (50 mg/kg/day) and (100 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 14 days (positive control groups). Group IV served as an additional negative control and received oral administration of vitamin D3 (500 IU/rat/day) for twenty-one days. In Group V, rats were orally administered vitamin D3 (500 IU/rat/day) for twenty-one days, and intraperitoneal injections of Levofloxacin (50 mg/kg/day) were administered on day 8 for 14 days. Group VI received oral vitamin D3 supplementation (500 IU/rat/day) for twenty-one days, followed by intraperitoneal injections of Levofloxacin (100 mg/kg/day) on day 8 for fourteen days. Blood samples were collected to measure creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase levels. Compared to the positive control group, vitamin D supplementation lowered creatinine, urea, and malondialdehyde levels, while increasing glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase levels. Urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in rats administered LFX 50mg and 100mg compared to rats given (LFX + vitamin D). The main findings of this study show that vitamin D reduces renal dysfunction, suggesting that vitamin D has antioxidant properties and may be used to prevent renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Muslim Mhaibes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Farah Kais Abdul-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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15
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Hajeer S, Nasr F, Nabha S, Saab MB, Harati H, Desoutter A, Al Ahmar E, Estephan E. Association between vitamin D deficiency and multiple sclerosis- MRI significance: A scoping review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15754. [PMID: 37180903 PMCID: PMC10172888 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Multiple Sclerosis is a common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Several studies suggested a link between vitamin D deficiency and multiple sclerosis disease activity, which can be evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. Thereby, the main objective of the following scoping review is to summarize the magnetic resonance imaging findings assessing the probable effects of vitamin D on MS disease activity. Methodology PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews and meta-analyses was employed to structure this review. Literature was searched for observational and clinical studies tackling the given matter using several search engines including PubMed, CORE, and Embase. Data was extracted in a systematic manner, and the articles meeting the inclusion criteria were quality-assessed by Jadad scale for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies. Results A total of 35 articles were included. Twenty-one (60%) studies noted a statistically significant association between vitamin D and Multiple Sclerosis MRI-detected disease activity. MRI-detected features involved lower contrast-enhancing T1 lesions, lower hyperintense T2 lesions, and a decrease in lesions volume. On the other hand, 40% (14 articles) of the articles did not detect any significant effect of vitamin D on Multiple Sclerosis disease activity. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies involved, meta-analysis was not employed in the given review. Discussion/conclusion There was an abundance in the number of research studies investigating the relationship between vitamin D and Multiple Sclerosis while highlighting the significant role of MRI in assessing the activity of the disease. Numerous studies found that higher serum vitamin D levels are associated with decreased new active cortical and subcortical lesions and lower lesions volume. These findings highlight the importance of imaging modalities in the various aspects of neurological diseases and encourage further research to focus on the preventive effects of vitamin D on MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorouk Hajeer
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Nasr
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Nabha
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marie-belle Saab
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Furn-El-Chebbak, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Harati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Elie Al Ahmar
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Elias Estephan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- LBN, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Corresponding author. LBN, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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16
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Anwar MJ, Alenezi SK, Alhowail AH. Molecular insights into the pathogenic impact of vitamin D deficiency in neurological disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114718. [PMID: 37084561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are the major cause of disability, leading to a decrease in quality of life by impairing cognitive, sensorimotor, and motor functioning. Several factors have been proposed in the pathogenesis of neurobehavioral changes, including nutritional, environmental, and genetic predisposition. Vitamin D (VD) is an environmental and nutritional factor that is widely distributed in the central nervous system's subcortical grey matter, neurons of the substantia nigra, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus. It is implicated in the regulation of several brain functions by preserving neuronal structures. It is a hormone rather than a nutritional vitamin that exerts a regulatory role in the pathophysiology of several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis. A growing body of epidemiological evidence suggests that VD is critical in neuronal development and shows neuroprotective effects by influencing the production and release of neurotrophins, antioxidants, immunomodulatory, regulation of intracellular calcium balance, and direct effect on the growth and differentiation of nerve cells. This review provides up-to-date and comprehensive information on vitamin D deficiency, risk factors, and clinical and preclinical evidence on its relationship with neurological disorders. Furthermore, this review provides mechanistic insight into the implications of vitamin D and its deficiency on the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Thus, an understanding of the crucial role of vitamin D in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative disorders can assist in the better management of vitamin D-deficient individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jamir Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sattam Khulaif Alenezi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad Hamad Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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De Marchi F, Saraceno M, Sarnelli MF, Virgilio E, Cantello R, Mazzini L. Potential role of vitamin D levels in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cognitive impairment. Neurol Sci 2023:10.1007/s10072-023-06751-7. [PMID: 36949299 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (CI) is common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): a keystone is identifying factors that could potentially modify the CI course. In recent years, vitamin D is becoming a potential modificatory factor for CI in many neurological disorders. This study aimed to highlight if vitamin D deficiency correlated with CI and clinical features in a cohort of ALS patients. We included 55 ALS patients with a neuropsychological evaluation (classified with the Strong Criteria) and a vitamin D dosage at the diagnosis. We also reviewed medical records and completed data for medical history, physical and neurological examination, and functional scales. At the diagnosis, 30 patients (54%) had CI. Most patients (82%) displayed low vitamin D levels (19.87 ± 9.80 ng/ml). Comparing the vitamin D level between patients with and without CI, we observed significantly lower values in the first group (15.8 ± 8.2 vs. 22.0 ± 9.7 ng/ml, p: 0.04). In the spinal female subgroup (n = 15), we found an inverse correlation between vitamin D and bizarreness score in the cognitive estimates test (r = 0.58; p: 0.04) and a positive correlation with the Corrected Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (r = 0.53, p: 0.04). Conversely, in the bulbar female group, we observed a correlation with the corrected direct span (r = 0.84, p: 0.03). With the log-rank survival analysis, we found that the patients with vitamin D < 10 ng/ml had a shorter disease duration (Chi: 5.78, p: 0.02). Our results indicate that levels of vitamin D can influence the cognitive status of people living with ALS and that severe deficits might be an adverse prognostic survival factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
| | - Massimo Saraceno
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Sarnelli
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Virgilio
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Neuroprotective Effect of Vitamin D on Behavioral and Oxidative Parameters of Male and Female Adult Wistar Rats Exposed to Mancozeb (manganese/zinc ethylene bis-dithiocarbamate). Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3724-3740. [PMID: 36940076 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The constant exposure of rural workers to pesticides is a serious public health problem. Mancozeb (MZ) is a pesticide linked to hormonal, behavioral, genetic, and neurodegenerative effects, mainly related to oxidative stress. Vitamin D is a promising molecule that acts as a protector against brain aging. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective role of vitamin D in adult male and female Wistar rats exposed to MZ. Animals received 40 mg/kg of MZ i.p. and 12.5 μg/kg or 25 μg/kg vitamin D by gavage, twice a week, for 6 weeks. The concentration of manganese had a significant increase in the hippocampus of both sexes and in the striatum of females, unlike zinc, which did not show a significant increase. MZ poisoning led to mitochondrial changes in brain tissues and promoted anxiogenic effects, especially in females. Alterations in antioxidant enzymes, mainly in the catalase activity were observed in intoxicated rats. Taken together, our results showed that exposure to MZ leads to the accumulation of manganese in brain tissues, and the behavior and metabolic/oxidative impairment were different between the sexes. Furthermore, the administration of Vitamin D was effective in preventing the damage caused by the pesticide.
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Wang W, Li Y, Meng X. Vitamin D and neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12877. [PMID: 36820164 PMCID: PMC9938420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, featured by progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, are considered incurable at present. Movement disorders like tremor and postural instability, cognitive or behavioral disorders such as memory impairment are the most common symptoms of them and the growing patient population of neurodegenerative diseases poses a serious threat to public health and a burden on economic development. Hence, it is vital to prevent the occurrence of the diseases and delay their progress. Vitamin D can be transformed into a hormone in vivo with both genomic and non-genomic actions, exerting diverse physiological effects. Cumulative evidence indicates that vitamin D can ameliorate neurodegeneration by regulating pertinent molecules and signaling pathways including maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis, reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, suppressing the formation and aggregation of the pathogenic protein, etc. This review updates discoveries of molecular mechanisms underlying biological functions of vitamin D in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and vascular dementia. Clinical trials investigating the influence of vitamin D supplementation in patients with neurodegenerative diseases are also summarized. The synthesized information will probably provoke an enhanced understanding of the neuroprotective roles of vitamin D in the nervous system and provide therapeutic options for patients with neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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de Siqueira EA, Magalhães EP, de Menezes RRPPB, Sampaio TL, Lima DB, da Silva Martins C, Neves KRT, de Castro Brito GA, Martins AMC, de Barros Viana GS. Vitamin D3 actions on astrocyte cells: A target for therapeutic strategy in Parkinson's disease? Neurosci Lett 2023; 793:136997. [PMID: 36470505 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta. PD patients' brains show neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The present study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of VD3 on astrocytes after their exposure to rotenone (ROT) a natural pesticide known to exhibit neurotoxic potential via the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I. Cell viability parameters were evaluated by the MTT test and staining with 7-AAD in cultures of astrocytes treated and untreated with VD3 (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 ng/mL) and/or ROT (10 µg/mL or 5 µg/mL), and the cytoplasmic production of ROS and the cell death profile were measured by flow cytometry. Glutathione accumulation and ultrastructural changes were evaluated and immunocytochemistry assays for NF-kB and Nrf2 were also carried out. The results showed that VD3 improved the viability of cells previously treated with VD3 and then exposed to ROT, reducing the occurrence of necrotic and apoptotic events. Furthermore, cells exposed to ROT showed increased production of ROS, which decreased significantly with previous treatment with VD3. Importantly, the decrease by ROT in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential was significantly prevented after treating cells with VD3, especially at a concentration of 1 ng/mL. Therefore, treatment with VD3 protected astrocytes from damage caused by ROT, decreasing oxidative stress, decreasing NF-kB and Nrf2 expressions, and improving mitochondrial function. However, further investigation is needed regarding the participation and mechanism of action of VD3 in this cellular model of PD focusing on the crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-kB.
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21
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Żmijewski MA. Nongenomic Activities of Vitamin D. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235104. [PMID: 36501134 PMCID: PMC9737885 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D shows a variety of pleiotropic activities which cannot be fully explained by the stimulation of classic pathway- and vitamin D receptor (VDR)-dependent transcriptional modulation. Thus, existence of rapid and nongenomic responses to vitamin D was suggested. An active form of vitamin D (calcitriol, 1,25(OH)2D3) is an essential regulator of calcium-phosphate homeostasis, and this process is tightly regulated by VDR genomic activity. However, it seems that early in evolution, the production of secosteroids (vitamin-D-like steroids) and their subsequent photodegradation served as a protective mechanism against ultraviolet radiation and oxidative stress. Consequently, direct cell-protective activities of vitamin D were proven. Furthermore, calcitriol triggers rapid calcium influx through epithelia and its uptake by a variety of cells. Subsequently, protein disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3) was described as a membrane vitamin D receptor responsible for rapid nongenomic responses. Vitamin D was also found to stimulate a release of secondary massagers and modulate several intracellular processes-including cell cycle, proliferation, or immune responses-through wingless (WNT), sonic hedgehog (SSH), STAT1-3, or NF-kappaB pathways. Megalin and its coreceptor, cubilin, facilitate the import of vitamin D complex with vitamin-D-binding protein (DBP), and its involvement in rapid membrane responses was suggested. Vitamin D also directly and indirectly influences mitochondrial function, including fusion-fission, energy production, mitochondrial membrane potential, activity of ion channels, and apoptosis. Although mechanisms of the nongenomic responses to vitamin D are still not fully understood, in this review, their impact on physiology, pathology, and potential clinical applications will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał A Żmijewski
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, PL-80211 Gdańsk, Poland
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22
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Terock J, Bonk S, Frenzel S, Wittfeld K, Garvert L, Hosten N, Nauck M, Völzke H, Van der Auwera S, Grabe HJ. Vitamin D deficit is associated with accelerated brain aging in the general population. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 327:111558. [PMID: 36302278 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with reduced neurocognitive functioning and the neurodegenerative processes. However, existing evidence on brain structural correlates of vitamin D deficiency is controversial. We sought to investigate associations of vitamin D levels with imaging patterns of brain aging. In addition, we investigated whether low vitamin D levels were associated with gray matter volumes, whole brain volumes and hippocampus volumes. Structural MRI data and vitamin D levels were obtained in 1,865 subjects from the general population. Linear regressions were applied to investigate the association of vitamin D levels and vitamin D deficiency with imaging derived brain age, total brain, gray matter and hippocampal volumes. Different sets of covariates were included. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with increased brain age. Also, linear vitamin D levels were significantly associated with total brain and gray matter volumes, while no significant association with hippocampal volume was found. Further interaction analyses showed that this association was only significant for male subjects. Our results support previous findings suggesting that vitamin D-deficient individuals have an accelerated brain aging. In addition, associations between vitamin D levels and total brain/ gray matter volumes suggest neuroprotective effects of vitamin D on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Terock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany.
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Frenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/ Greifswald, Germany
| | - Linda Garvert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Norbert Hosten
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/ Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans Joergen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/ Greifswald, Germany
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23
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Pastukhova Y, Luzza F, Shevel S, Savchuk O, Ostapchenko L, Falalyeyeva T, Molochek N, Kuryk O, Korotkyi O, Kobyliak N. Changes in Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease Depending on the Status of D3. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2022; 17:280-290. [PMID: 35319388 DOI: 10.2174/1574887117666220321152855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia as a result of insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion. A relatively large number of patients with this type of diabetes have abdominal obesity, which also affects insulin resistance development. Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to damage and dysfunction of various organs, and a striking example is diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is a specific kind of kidney damage that occurs due to complications of diabetes and is accompanied by the formation of diffuse or nodular glomerulosclerosis, which can lead to terminal renal failure and requires immediate substitution through renal therapy or renal transplantation. Diabetic nephropathy is diagnosed with albuminuria and a decrease in the rate of glomerular filtration. METHODS This review was based on a literature search for the most important evidence of vitamin D as a possible method of prevention for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy. Collected published articles were summarized according to their overall themes. RESULTS In this review, we considered vitamin D as a possible method of treatment for type 2 diabetes, as well as its complications, including diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSION Studies show that vitamin D inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, resulting in improved renal function in diabetic nephropathy. Vitamin D also has antiinflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-metastatic effects, which improve endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Olena Kuryk
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.,Medical Laboratory CSD, Kyiv, Ukraine
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24
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Rihal V, Khan H, Kaur A, Singh TG, Abdel-Daim MM. Therapeutic and mechanistic intervention of vitamin D in neuropsychiatric disorders. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114782. [PMID: 36049434 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is believed to affect between 35 and 55% of the world's population, making it a hidden pandemic. In addition to its role in bone and calcium homeostasis, vitamin D has also been linked in preclinical and clinical research to brain function. These outcomes have also been used for a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental problems. Nevertheless, these individuals are more prone to develop signs of cognitive decline. This review will emphasize the association between vitamin D and neuropsychiatric illnesses such as autism, schizophrenia, depression, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While numerous research show vitamin D's essential role in cognitive function in neuropsychiatric illnesses, it is too early to propose its effect on cognitive symptoms with certainty. It is necessary to conduct additional research into the associations between vitamin D deficiency and cognitive abnormalities, particularly those found in autism, schizophrenia, depression, and ADHD, to develop initiatives that address the pressing need for novel and effective preventative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Rihal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | | | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231 Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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25
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The Effects and Cell Barrier Mechanism of Main Dietary Nutrients on Intestinal Barrier. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Ravaioli F, Pivetti A, Di Marco L, Chrysanthi C, Frassanito G, Pambianco M, Sicuro C, Gualandi N, Guasconi T, Pecchini M, Colecchia A. Role of Vitamin D in Liver Disease and Complications of Advanced Chronic Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169016. [PMID: 36012285 PMCID: PMC9409132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a crucial nutrient with many pleiotropic effects on health and various chronic diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed report on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying vitamin D deficiency in patients with chronic liver disease, addressing the different liver etiologies and the condition of advanced chronic liver disease (cirrhosis) with related complications. To date, patients with liver disease, regardless of underlying etiology, have been shown to have reduced levels of vitamin D. There is also evidence of the predictive role of vitamin D values in complications and progression of advanced disease. However, specific indications of vitamin D supplementation are not conclusive concerning what is already recommended in the general population. Future studies should make an effort to unify and validate the role of vitamin D supplementation in chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ravaioli
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40128 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandra Pivetti
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Lorenza Di Marco
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Christou Chrysanthi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Gabriella Frassanito
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Martina Pambianco
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Sicuro
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Noemi Gualandi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Tomas Guasconi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Pecchini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Colecchia
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
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27
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Soares JZ, Valeur J, Šaltytė Benth J, Knapskog AB, Selbæk G, Bogdanovic N, Pettersen R. Associations Between Intrathecal Levels of Vitamin D, Cytokines, and Core Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:825-834. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Several studies have examined association between vitamin D levels in serum and cognition, but little is known of vitamin D levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and association with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: In this cross-sectional, explorative study we investigated possible associations of vitamin D in CSF with biomarkers for AD, amyloid-β, tau protein/phosphorylated tau protein in CSF, and with the cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in CSF in patients with cognitive impairment and cognitively healthy controls. Methods: We included 100 outpatients ≥65 years referred for assessment of cognitive impairment and 76 age- and sex-matched cognitively healthy controls. Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), amyloid-β, tau protein and phosphorylated tau protein, as well as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, were analyzed in CSF in both groups. Results: Higher levels of 25(OH)D in CSF in all groups together were associated with lower levels of tau protein (p = 0.01) and phosphorylated tau protein (p = 0.005). We found no association between 25(OH)D levels in CSF and pathological levels of amyloid-β in CSF nor levels of IL-6 or TNF-α in CSF. Higher levels of 25(OH)D in CSF were associated with higher levels of IL-8 in CSF (p = 0.002). However, vitamin D explained only 6% of variance in IL-8. There was no significant difference between the patient groups and the control group regarding the association between 25(OH)D in CSF and any of the three cytokines in CSF. Conclusion: Participants with higher CSF levels of 25(OH)D exhibited reduced CSF levels of tau protein and phosphorylated tau protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Zugic Soares
- Medical Department, Section of Geriatrics, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørgen Valeur
- Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Geir Selbæk
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Nenad Bogdanovic
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department for Neurobiology, Caring Science and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Renate Pettersen
- Medical Department, Section of Geriatrics, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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28
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Gáll Z, Csukor B, Urkon M, Farczádi L, Kolcsár M. Vitamin D Status Assessment: Lack of Correlation between Serum and Hair 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Levels in Healthy Young Adults. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051229. [PMID: 35626384 PMCID: PMC9140052 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to numerous health problems, including those resulting from disturbed calcium-phosphorus homeostasis, and neuropsychiatric and autoimmune disorders. Nearly one-third of the global population has suboptimal levels of vitamin D, according to epidemiological data. Vitamin D status is usually determined by measuring serum 25(OH)D, but, for decades, serum 25(OH)D measurement has been hampered by a lack of standardization. There have been many recent initiatives to develop reference substances and methods for measuring vitamin D and its metabolites, and re-evaluating the optimal values. It was also suggested that alternative biological samples could also be used, such as hair, since it has been established that lipophilic substances, such as corticosteroids, can also be found in hair. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between 25(OH)D3 concentrations in serum and hair, and other demographic features in 26 healthy Caucasian young adult volunteers. The determination of 25(OH)D3 and cholecalciferol was carried out using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) from blood and hair samples taken at two timepoints separated by nine weeks. In the hair samples of 18 out of 26 subjects, 25(OH)D was detected at a mean (±SEM) concentration of 17.07 ± 5.375 pg/mg at the first sampling time, and 58.90 ± 25.97 pg/mg at the second sampling time. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed no effects of gender, body mass index, supplementation, or sun exposure on hair 25(OH)D3 concentrations, but supplementation and sun exposure significantly increased serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations. In addition, serum and hair 25(OH)D3 concentrations did not correlate; however, there was a strong correlation between the two sampling times for serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations. In conclusion, this study confirmed that 25(OH)D3 could be detected in human hair, but its use as a biomarker warrants further investigations since no link was found between serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations, supplementation, sun exposure, and hair 25(OH)D3 concentrations levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Gáll
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (M.U.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Brigitta Csukor
- Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Melinda Urkon
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (M.U.); (M.K.)
| | - Lénárd Farczádi
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Melinda Kolcsár
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (M.U.); (M.K.)
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29
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Uthaiah CA, Beeraka NM, Rajalakshmi R, Ramya CM, Madhunapantula SV. Role of Neural Stem Cells and Vitamin D Receptor (VDR)-Mediated Cellular Signaling in the Mitigation of Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4065-4105. [PMID: 35476289 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Specific stem cell-based therapies for treating Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia are gaining importance in recent years. Accumulating data is providing further support by demonstrating the efficacy of neural stem cells in enhancing the neurogenesis in the aging brain. In addition to stem cells, recent studies have shown the efficacy of supplementing vitamin D in promoting neurogenesis and neuronal survival. Studies have also demonstrated the presence of mutational variants and single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in neurological disorders; however, implications of these mutations in the pathophysiology and response to drug treatment are yet to be explored. Hence, in this article, we have reviewed recent reports pertaining to the role of neural stem cells and VDR-mediated cellular signaling cascades that are involved in enhancing the neurogenesis through Wnt/β-catenin and Sonic Hedgehog pathways. This review benefits neurobiologists and pharmaceutical industry experts to develop stem cell-based and vitamin D-based therapies to better treat the patients suffering from neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnappa A Uthaiah
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR, DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR, DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - R Rajalakshmi
- Department of Physiology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - C M Ramya
- Department of Physiology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - SubbaRao V Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR, DST-FIST Supported Center), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India.
- Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India.
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30
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Redenšek S, Kristanc T, Blagus T, Trošt M, Dolžan V. Genetic Variability of the Vitamin D Receptor Affects Susceptibility to Parkinson’s Disease and Dopaminergic Treatment Adverse Events. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:853277. [PMID: 35517045 PMCID: PMC9063754 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.853277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble molecule and an important transcriptional regulator in many tissues and organs, including the brain. Its role has been demonstrated also in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is responsible for the initiation of vitamin D signaling cascade. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of VDR genetic variability with PD risk and different PD-related phenotypes. We genotyped 231 well characterized PD patients and 161 healthy blood donors for six VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms, namely rs739837, rs4516035, rs11568820, rs731236, rs2228570, and rs1544410. We observed that VDR rs2228570 is associated with PD risk (p < 0.001). Additionally, we observed associations of specific VDR genotypes with adverse events of dopaminergic treatment. VDR rs1544410 (GG vs. GA + AA: p = 0.005; GG vs. GA: p = 0.009) was associated with the occurrence of visual hallucinations and VDR rs739837 (TT vs. GG: p = 0.036), rs731236 (TT vs. TC + CC: p = 0.011; TT vs. TC: p = 0.028; TT vs. CC: p = 0.035), and rs1544410 (GG vs. GA: p = 0.014) with the occurrence of orthostatic hypotension. We believe that the reported study may support personalized approach to PD treatment, especially in terms of monitoring vitamin D level and vitamin D supplementation in patients with high risk VDR genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Redenšek
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tilen Kristanc
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Blagus
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Trošt
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolžan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Vita Dolžan,
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31
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Gholipour M, Honarmand Tamizkar K, Niknam A, Hussen BM, Eslami S, Sayad A, Ghafouri-Fard S. Expression analysis of vitamin D receptor and its related long non-coding RNAs in peripheral blood of patients with Parkinson's disease. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5911-5917. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07372-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Effects of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Function of the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System in Rats. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:4366948. [PMID: 35387268 PMCID: PMC8967557 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4366948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction was closely related to vitamin D (VD) deficiency, but the mechanism remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanism of VDdef on the function of cardiac ANS in rats. Methods After 10 weeks of VD deficiency feeding, we successfully established a VD-deficient rat model. The body weight of rats was recorded, and the levels of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), creatinine (CRE), triglyceride (TG), hemoglobin (HG), and 25(OH)VD3 in serum were detected by corresponding kits. Short-time frequency domain analysis was used to evaluate the heart rate variability (HRV) of all rats. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the atria and ventricle were detected by IHC. ELISA was used to determine the levels of acetyl choline (Ach) and nitric oxide (NO). HPLC was used for the detection of norepinephrine (NE). The expressions of KIR3.1, HERG, KVLQT1, and Mink were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. Results After 10 weeks of VD deficiency feeding, serum 25(OH)VD3 levels were markedly reduced in the VDdef group, and sera Ca and P, as well as body weight, were notably decreased in the VDdef group. In resting and motion states, VD deficiency resulted in a decline in HF levels and a mark increase in VLF and LF/HF levels. VD deficiency caused a reduction in the release of the local cardiac neurotransmitters TH and Ach. NE and NO levels were also remarkably depressed in the VDdef group. In addition, VD deficiency resulted in severely impaired expression of potassium channel proteins. Conclusion VD deficiency leads to cardiac ANS dysfunction. The imbalance in heart rate variability, impaired release and secretion of neurotransmitters and local plasma hormones in the heart, and downregulation of potassium channel protein expression caused by VD deficiency may be closely related to this dysfunction.
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Janjusevic M, Fluca AL, Gagno G, Pierri A, Padoan L, Sorrentino A, Beltrami AP, Sinagra G, Aleksova A. Old and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in the Management of Hyperglycemia, an Important Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042336. [PMID: 35216451 PMCID: PMC8878509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is considered one of the main risk factors for atherosclerosis, since high glucose levels trigger multiple pathological processes, such as oxidative stress and hyperproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators, leading to endothelial dysfunction. In this context, recently approved drugs, such as glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), could be considered a powerful tool for to reduce glucose concentration and cardiovascular risk. Interestingly, many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance have been found to be deficient in vitamin D. Recent studies pointed out the unfavorable prognostic values of T2DM and vitamin D deficiency in patients with cardiac dysfunction, either when considered individually or together, which shed light on the role of vitamin D in general health status. New evidence suggests that SGLT2i could adversely affect the production of vitamin D, thereby increasing the risk of fractures, which are common in patients with T2DM. Therefore, given the biological effects of vitamin D as an anti-inflammatory mediator and a regulator of endothelial function and calcium equilibrium, these new findings should be taken into consideration as well. The aim of this review is to gather the latest advancements regarding the use of antidiabetic and antiplatelet drugs coupled with vitamin D supplementation to control glucose levels, therefore reducing the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Milijana Janjusevic
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Deparment of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Alessandra Lucia Fluca
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Deparment of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Giulia Gagno
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Deparment of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Alessandro Pierri
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Deparment of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Laura Padoan
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Maria Della Misericordia, 06156 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Annamaria Sorrentino
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Deparment of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Deparment of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Aneta Aleksova
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Deparment of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); (G.G.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-3405507762; Fax: +39-040-3994878
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Mazzetti S, Barichella M, Giampietro F, Giana A, Calogero AM, Amadeo A, Palazzi N, Comincini A, Giaccone G, Bramerio M, Caronni S, Cereda V, Cereda E, Cappelletti G, Rolando C, Pezzoli G. Astrocytes expressing Vitamin D-activating enzyme identify Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:703-713. [PMID: 35166042 PMCID: PMC8981451 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Astrocytes are involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) where they could contribute to α‐Synuclein pathology but also to neuroprotection via α‐Synuclein clearance. The molecular signature underlying their dual role is still elusive. Given that vitamin D has been recently suggested to be protective in neurodegeneration, the aim of our study was to investigate astrocyte and neuron vitamin D pathway alterations and their correlation with α‐Synuclein aggregates (ie, oligomers and fibrils) in human brain obtained from PD patients. Methods The expression of vitamin D pathway components CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and VDR was examined in brains obtained from PD patients (Braak stage 6; n = 9) and control subjects (n = 4). We also exploited proximity ligation assay to identified toxic α‐Synuclein oligomers in human astrocytes. Results We found that vitamin D‐activating enzyme CYP27B1 identified a subpopulation of astrocytes exclusively in PD patients. CYP27B1 positive astrocytes could display neuroprotective features as they sequester α‐Synuclein oligomers and are associated with Lewy body negative neurons. Conclusion The presence of CYP27B1 astrocytes distinguishes PD patients and suggests their contribution to protect neurons and to ameliorate neuropathological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Mazzetti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Barichella
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST "G.Pini-CTO," Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Angelica Giana
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST "G.Pini-CTO," Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alida Amadeo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Palazzi
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Unit of Neuropathology and Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Bramerio
- S. C. Divisione Oncologia Falck and S. C. Divisione Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Caronni
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST "G.Pini-CTO," Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Viviana Cereda
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST "G.Pini-CTO," Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cereda
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Graziella Cappelletti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Rolando
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson, Milan, Italy.,Parkinson Institute, ASST "G.Pini-CTO," Milan, Milan, Italy
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Janjusevic M, Gagno G, Fluca AL, Padoan L, Beltrami AP, Sinagra G, Moretti R, Aleksova A. The peculiar role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Life Sci 2022; 289:120193. [PMID: 34864062 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone with both genomic and non-genomic actions. It exerts its activity by binding vitamin D receptor (VDR), which belongs to the superfamily of nuclear receptors and ligand-activated transcription factors. Since VDR has been found in various tissues, it has been estimated that it regulates approximately 3% of the human genome. Several recent studies have shown pleiotropic effects of vitamin D in various processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, DNA repair and apoptosis and its involvement in different pathophysiological conditions as inflammation, diabetes mellitus, and anemia. It has been suggested that vitamin D could play an important role in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders. Moderate to strong associations between lower serum vitamin D concentrations and stroke and cardiovascular events have been identified in different analytic approaches, even after controlling for traditional demographic and lifestyle covariates. The mechanisms behind the associations between vitamin D and cerebrovascular and cardiologic profiles have been widely examined both in animal and human studies. Optimization of vitamin D levels in human subjects may improve insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function and lower levels of inflammatory markers. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that altered gene expression of VDR and 1,25D3-membrane-associated rapid response steroid-binding (1,25D3-MARRS) receptor influences the role of vitamin D within neurons and allows them to be more prone to degeneration. This review summarizes the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying vitamin D signaling and the consequences of vitamin D deficiency in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milijana Janjusevic
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Gagno
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lucia Fluca
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Padoan
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Maria della Misericordia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Paolo Beltrami
- Clinical Pathology Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC) and Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rita Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Neurology, Neurological Clinic, Complex Case Section, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aneta Aleksova
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI) and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
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Araújo de Lima L, Oliveira Cunha PL, Felicio Calou IB, Tavares Neves KR, Facundo HT, Socorro de Barros Viana G. Effects of vitamin D (VD3) supplementation on the brain mitochondrial function of male rats, in the 6-OHDA-induced model of Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2022; 154:105280. [PMID: 35026378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria dysfunction is an important factor involved in PD pathogenesis. We reported neuroprotective actions of vitamin D (VD3) on a PD model, and now we investigated the VD3 effects on the brain mitochondrial function. We focused on oxygen consumption, respiratory control ratio (RCR), ADP/O ratio, mitochondria swelling, H2O2 production, and SOD activity. Additionally, immunohistochemistry assays for the dopamine system markers (TH and DAT) and mitochondrial markers (VDAC1 and Hsp60) were also carried out in the striata. Young adult male Wistar rats (250 g, 2.5 months age) were anesthetized and subjected to stereotaxic surgery and injection of saline (SO group) or 6-OHDA, into the right striatum. Brain mitochondria were isolated from the groups: sham-operated (SO), 6-OHDA, 6-OHDA pretreated with VD3 for 7, days before the 6-OHDA lesion (6-OHDA+VD3, pre-) or treated with VD3 for 14 days, after the 6-OHDA lesion (6-OHDA+VD3, post-). VD3 prevented decreases in oxygen consumption, RCR, and ADP/O ratio observed after 6-OHDA injury. Noteworthy, a very low (oxygen consumption and RCR) or no improvement (ADP/O) were observed in the 6-OHDA+VD3 post- group. VD3 also prevented the increased mitochondria swelling and H2O2 production and a decrease in SOD activity, respectively, in the 6-OHDA injured mitochondria. Also, VD3 supplementation protected the hemiparkinsonian brain from decreases in TH and DAT expressions and decreased the upregulation of mitochondrial markers, as VDAC 1 and Hsp60. In conclusion, VD3 showed neuroprotective actions on brain mitochondria injured by 6-OHDA and should stimulate translational studies focusing on its use as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases as PD.
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Zhang Y, Ji W, Zhang S, Gao N, Xu T, Wang X, Zhang M. Vitamin D Inhibits the Early Aggregation of α‐Synuclein and Modulates Exocytosis Revealed by Electrochemical Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Ji
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Tianci Xu
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Meining Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
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Scalabrino G. New Epidermal-Growth-Factor-Related Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: Is It Also Epistemology? Front Neurol 2021; 12:754270. [PMID: 34899572 PMCID: PMC8664554 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.754270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings showing that epidermal growth factor (EGF) is significantly decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and spinal cord (SC) of living or deceased multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and that its repeated administration to rodents with chemically- or virally-induced demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) or experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) prevents demyelination and inflammatory reactions in the CNS, have led to a critical reassessment of the MS pathogenesis, partly because EGF is considered to have little or no role in immunology. EGF is the only myelinotrophic factor that has been tested in the CSF and spinal cord of MS patients, and it has been shown there is a good correspondence between liquid and tissue levels. This review: (a) briefly summarises the positive EGF effects on neural stem cells, oligodendrocyte cell lineage, and astrocytes in order to explain, at least in part, the biological basis of the myelin loss and remyelination failure in MS; and (b) after a short analysis of the evolution of the principle of cause-effect in the history of Western philosophy, highlights the lack of any experimental immune-, toxin-, or virus-mediated model that precisely reproduces the histopathological features and “clinical” symptoms of MS, thus underlining the inapplicability of Claude Bernard's crucial sequence of “observation, hypothesis, and hypothesis testing.” This is followed by a discussion of most of the putative non-immunologically-linked points of MS pathogenesis (abnormalities in myelinotrophic factor CSF levels, oligodendrocytes (ODCs), astrocytes, extracellular matrix, and epigenetics) on the basis of Popper's falsification principle, and the suggestion that autoimmunity and phologosis reactions (surely the most devasting consequences of the disease) are probably the last links in a chain of events that trigger the reactions. As it is likely that there is a lack of other myelinotrophic growth factors because myelinogenesis is controlled by various CNS and extra-CNS growth factors and other molecules within and outside ODCs, further studies are needed to investigate the role of non-immunological molecules at the time of the onset of the disease. In the words of Galilei, the human mind should be prepared to understand what nature has created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Scalabrino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Lee H, Sung EJ, Seo S, Min EK, Lee JY, Shim I, Kim P, Kim TY, Lee S, Kim KT. Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals the underlying molecular mechanism for developmental neurotoxicity of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106802. [PMID: 34358914 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Limited studies on multi-omics have been conducted to comprehensively investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the developmental neurotoxicity of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). In this study, the locomotor behavior of zebrafish larvae was assessed under the exposure to 0.1-20 μM PFOS based on its reported neurobehavioral effect. After the number of zebrafish larvae was optimized for proteomics and metabolomics studies, three kinds of omics (i.e., transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) were carried out with zebrafish larvae exposed to 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 μM PFOS. More importantly, a data-driven integration of multi-omics was performed to elucidate the toxicity mechanism involved in developmental neurotoxicity. In a concentration-dependent manner, exposure to PFOS provoked hyperactivity and hypoactivity under light and dark conditions, respectively. Individual omics revealed that PFOS exposure caused perturbations in the pathways of neurological function, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism. Integrated omics implied that there were decisive pathways for axonal deformation, neuroinflammatory stimulation, and dysregulation of calcium ion signaling, which are more clearly specified for neurotoxicity. Overall, our findings broaden the molecular understanding of the developmental neurotoxicity of PFOS, for which multi-omics and integrated omics analyses are efficient for discovering the significant molecular pathways related to developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Sung
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Seo
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ki Min
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilseob Shim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilje Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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Long W, Johnson J, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Light P. TRPV1 channels as a newly identified target for vitamin D. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:360-374. [PMID: 33825665 PMCID: PMC8032246 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1905248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is known to elicit many biological effects in diverse tissue types and is thought to act almost exclusively upon its canonical receptor within the nucleus, leading to gene transcriptional changes and the subsequent cellular response. However, not all the observed effects of vitamin D can be attributed to this sole mechanism, and other cellular targets likely exist but remain to be identified. Our recent discovery that vitamin D is a partial agonist of the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid family 1 (TRPV1) channel may provide new insights as to how this important vitamin exerts its biological effects either independently or in addition to the nuclear vitamin D receptor. In this review, we discuss the literature surrounding this apparent discrepancy in vitamin D signaling and compare vitamin D with known TRPV1 ligands with respect to their binding to TRPV1. Furthermore, we provide evidence supporting the notion that this novel vitamin D/TRPV1 axis may explain some of the beneficial actions of this vitamin in disease states where TRPV1 expression and vitamin D deficiency are known to overlap. Finally, we discuss whether vitamin D may also act on other members of the TRP family of ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Long
- Department of Pharmacology and the Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Janyne Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and the Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Peter Light
- Department of Pharmacology and the Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Torrisi M, Bonanno L, Formica C, Arcadi FA, Cardile D, Cimino V, Bramanti P, Morini E. The role of rehabilitation and vitamin D supplementation on motor and psychological outcomes in poststroke patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27747. [PMID: 34766589 PMCID: PMC8589234 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-Stroke depression affects between 12% and 72% of patients who have suffered a stroke. The association between low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) and increased risk of depression is reported in both stroke and non-stroke patients. Similarly, high 25(OH) D levels might be associated with greater functional improvement during rehabilitation program.We wanted to investigate the effects of an intensive rehabilitation on poststroke outcomes. We wondered if the daily rehabilitation of motor and cognitive functions could also have an effect on mood and functional abilities in addition to or as an alternative to vitamin D supplementation.We conducted a 12-week, randomized trial, double blind, parallel, monocentric clinical trial of 40 patients undergoing intensive neuro-rehabilitation treatment at a specialized care facility for ischemic or hemorrhagic brain stroke. Participants were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to 1 of 2 parallel groups: in the experimental group, 2000 IU/day of oral cholecalciferol was administered; in the control group patients were not taking vitamin D supplementation. Patients underwent a text evaluation to investigate psychological and motor outcomes.Significant intra-group difference in outcomes measures was found but not between control group and experimental group. In the vitamin D group, we highlighted significant differences between T0 and T1 in calcium (P < .001), vitamin D (P < .001), in Montgomery Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (P = .001), and in Functional Independent Measures (P < .001). In the health control group, we found a significant difference in calcium (P = .003), vitamin D (P < .001), Montgomery Aasberg Depression Rating Scale (P = 0.006), in general self-efficacy (P = .009), and in Functional Independent Measures (P < .001).Our results show that the beneficial effect on mood and functional recovery is mainly due to neurorehabilitation rather than vitamin D supplementation.
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Riccardi C, Napolitano F, Montesarchio D, Sampaolo S, Melone MAB. Nanoparticle-Guided Brain Drug Delivery: Expanding the Therapeutic Approach to Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1897. [PMID: 34834311 PMCID: PMC8623286 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) represent a heterogeneous group of aging-related disorders featured by progressive impairment of motor and/or cognitive functions, often accompanied by psychiatric disorders. NDs are denoted as 'protein misfolding' diseases or proteinopathies, and are classified according to their known genetic mechanisms and/or the main protein involved in disease onset and progression. Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD) are included under this nosographic umbrella, sharing histopathologically salient features, including deposition of insoluble proteins, activation of glial cells, loss of neuronal cells and synaptic connectivity. To date, there are no effective cures or disease-modifying therapies for these NDs. Several compounds have not shown efficacy in clinical trials, since they generally fail to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a tightly packed layer of endothelial cells that greatly limits the brain internalization of endogenous substances. By engineering materials of a size usually within 1-100 nm, nanotechnology offers an alternative approach for promising and innovative therapeutic solutions in NDs. Nanoparticles can cross the BBB and release active molecules at target sites in the brain, minimizing side effects. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art of nanoengineered delivery systems for brain targeting in the treatment of AD, PD and HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA
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43
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Zhang Y, Ji W, Zhang S, Gao N, Xu T, Wang X, Zhang M. Vitamin D Inhibits the Early Aggregation of α-Synuclein and Modulates Exocytosis Revealed by Electrochemical Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111853. [PMID: 34734656 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) localizes at presynaptic terminal and modulates synaptic functions. Increasing evidence demonstrate that α-Syn oligomers, forming at the early of aggregation, are cytotoxic and is thus related to brain neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we find that vitamin D (VD) can reduce neurocytotoxicity. The reduced neurocytotoxicity might be attributed to the less amount of large-sized α-Syn oligomers inhibited by VD, measured by electrochemical collision at single particle level, which are not observable with traditionally ensembled method. Single-cell amperometry (SCA) results show that VD can recover the amount of neurotransmitter release during exocytosis induced by α-Syn oligomers, further verifying the neuroprotection of VD. Our study reveals the neuroprotective role of VD through inhibiting α-Syn aggregation, which is envisioned to be of great importance in treatment and prevention of the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Tianci Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Meining Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
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Papasavva M, Vikelis M, Siokas V, Katsarou MS, Dermitzakis E, Raptis A, Dardiotis E, Drakoulis N. VDR Gene Polymorphisms and Cluster Headache Susceptibility: Case-Control Study in a Southeastern European Caucasian Population. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:382-392. [PMID: 34519950 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cluster headache (CH) is a severe primary headache disorder with a genetic component, as indicated by family and twin studies. Diurnal and seasonal rhythmicity are key features of the disease and might be related to vitamin D, as low vitamin D levels have been observed in patients with cluster headache. In addition, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) occurs in brain areas and particularly in the hypothalamus. The aim of the present case-control study was to investigate the association of cluster headache susceptibility and clinical phenotypes with the VDR gene polymorphisms FokI, BsmI and TaqI in a Southeastern European Caucasian population. DNA was extracted from 131 unrelated CH patients and 282 non-headache controls and genotyped using real-time PCR (melting curve analysis). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis confirmed that BsmI and TaqI, both located in the 3'UTR of the VDR gene, are in strong LD. Genotype and allele frequency distribution analysis of the VDR FokI, BsmI, and TaqI polymorphisms showed no statistically significant difference between cases and controls, whereas haplotype analysis indicated that the TAC haplotype might be associated with decreased cluster headache susceptibility. Intra-patient analysis according to diverse clinical phenotypes showed an association of the BsmI GG and TaqI TT genotypes with more frequent occurrence of CH attacks in this cohort. Therefore, a possible association was observed between VDR gene polymorphisms BsmI and TaqI or a linked locus and susceptibility for cluster headache development and altered clinical phenotypes in the Southeastern European Caucasian study population. Further large-scale replication studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papasavva
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Martha-Spyridoula Katsarou
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Athanasios Raptis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece.
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45
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Tan X, Gao L, Cai X, Zhang M, Huang D, Dang Q, Bao L. Vitamin D 3 alleviates cognitive impairment through regulating inflammatory stress in db/db mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4803-4814. [PMID: 34531993 PMCID: PMC8441317 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk to develop cognitive impairment. Several studies reported the potential roles of vitamin D in prevention of cognitive impairment, but the mechanism remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of vitamin D3 on cognitive impairment in db/db mice and to explore the possible mechanism. Twelve-week-old male db/db mice were randomly administrated with low, medium, and high dose of vitamin D3 (LVD, MVD, and HVD groups, respectively) and equivalent volume vitamin D3 solvent (corn oil, DM group) intragastrically. Eight age-matched db/m mice were given equivalent volume corn oil as normal group. After 16 weeks of vitamin D3 treatment, the concentrations of fasting serum glucose in three vitamin D3 groups (especially the 1,000 IU/kg·bw dose) were significantly decreased compared with DM group. Pathology revealed that the neuron damage was reduced in vitamin D3 groups. MVD intervention significantly shortened the escape latency on day 5 and extended time in the target quadrant. Mice in HVD group had significantly higher exploration time and discrimination index compared with the DM group mice. Moreover, vitamin D3 treatment has increased the phosphorylation of cAMP-response element-binding protein and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vitamin D receptor. This treatment, meanwhile, has decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, the phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa Bα (IκBα), and nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) in the hippocampus of db/db mice. These results suggest that vitamin D3 alleviated cognitive impairment in the hippocampus of db/db mice. Down-regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins IκBα and p65 might be one of the possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomu Tan
- Neurology DepartmentLuhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lifang Gao
- School of Public HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental ToxicologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaxia Cai
- School of Public HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental ToxicologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- School of Public HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental ToxicologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Dongxu Huang
- School of Public HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental ToxicologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qinyu Dang
- School of Public HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental ToxicologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lei Bao
- Department of Clinical NutritionPeking University International HospitalBeijingChina
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Willems S, Zaienne D, Merk D. Targeting Nuclear Receptors in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9592-9638. [PMID: 34251209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors, also known as ligand-activated transcription factors, regulate gene expression upon ligand signals and present as attractive therapeutic targets especially in chronic diseases. Despite the therapeutic relevance of some nuclear receptors in various pathologies, their potential in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation is insufficiently established. This perspective gathers preclinical and clinical data for a potential role of individual nuclear receptors as future targets in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, and concomitantly evaluates the level of medicinal chemistry targeting these proteins. Considerable evidence suggests the high promise of ligand-activated transcription factors to counteract neurodegenerative diseases with a particularly high potential of several orphan nuclear receptors. However, potent tools are lacking for orphan receptors, and limited central nervous system exposure or insufficient selectivity also compromises the suitability of well-studied nuclear receptor ligands for functional studies. Medicinal chemistry efforts are needed to develop dedicated high-quality tool compounds for the therapeutic validation of nuclear receptors in neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Willems
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Zaienne
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Arévalo NB, Castillo-Godoy DP, Espinoza-Fuenzalida I, Rogers NK, Farias G, Delgado C, Henriquez M, Herrera L, Behrens MI, SanMartín CD. Association of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms with Amyloid-β Transporters Expression and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Chilean Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:S283-S297. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-201031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) deposition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is due to an imbalance in its production/clearance rate. Aβ is transported across the blood-brain barrier by LRP1 and P-gp as efflux transporters and RAGE as influx transporter. Vitamin D deficit and polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Further, vitamin D promotes the expression of LRP1 and P-gp in AD-animal model brains. Objective: To associate VDR polymorphisms Apa I (rs7975232), Taq I (rs731236), and Fok I (rs2228570) with the risk of developing MCI in a Chilean population, and to evaluate the relationship of these polymorphisms to the expression of VDR and Aβ-transporters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: VDR polymorphisms Apa I, Taq I, and Fok I were determined in 128 healthy controls (HC) and 66 MCI patients. mRNA levels of VDR and Aβ-transporters were evaluated in subgroups by qPCR. Results: Alleles A of Apa I and C of Taq I were associated with a lower risk of MCI. HC with the Apa I AA genotype had higher mRNA levels of P-gp and LRP1, while the expression of VDR and RAGE were higher in MCI patients and HC. For Fok I, the TC genotype was associated with lower expression levels of Aβ-transporters in both groups. Conclusion: We propose that the response to vitamin D treatment will depend on VDR polymorphisms, being more efficient in carriers of protective alleles of Apa I polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohela B. Arévalo
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Genética Humana, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Nicole K. Rogers
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Farias
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada (CICA), Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Delgado
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Henriquez
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de Alta Letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa Herrera
- Programa de Genética Humana, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Behrens
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada (CICA), Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol D. SanMartín
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Tecnologia Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Zhou P, Wolraich ML, Cao AH, Jia FY, Liu B, Zhu L, Liu Y, Li X, Li C, Peng B, Yang T, Chen J, Cheng Q, Li T, Chen L. Adjuvant effects of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation on treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a study protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentric trial in China. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050541. [PMID: 34135055 PMCID: PMC8211063 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 7.2% of children in the world suffer from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Due to the availability of the osmotic-release oral-system methylphenidate, ADHD currently has a remission rate of up to 30.72%. Nevertheless, it has been reported that patients with ADHD tend to exhibit vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency, which may aggravate the symptoms of ADHD. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylphenidate on the symptoms of ADHD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a parallel, prospective, interventional multicentric study. Patients will be enrolled from the southern, central and northern parts of China. A target of 504 patients will be followed for 8 weeks. They will be allocated into three groups (vitamin AD, vitamin D and placebo) and administered the interventions accordingly. Data on changes in the symptoms of ADHD as well as changes in the serum concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin D will be recorded. Both responders and nonresponders based on the sociodemographic and clinical data will also be described to mitigate selection bias. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (approval number: (2019) IRB (STUDY) number 262). The results of the trial will be reported in peer-reviewed scientific journals and academic conferences regardless of the outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04284059.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark Lee Wolraich
- Section of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Ai-Hua Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Clinical Pharmacy Research, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfang Liu
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Child Care, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Peng
- School of Public Health and Management, Department of Health Statistics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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McCullough PJ, McCullough WP, Lehrer D, Travers JB, Repas SJ. Oral and Topical Vitamin D, Sunshine, and UVB Phototherapy Safely Control Psoriasis in Patients with Normal Pretreatment Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations: A Literature Review and Discussion of Health Implications. Nutrients 2021; 13:1511. [PMID: 33947070 PMCID: PMC8146035 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, sunshine and UVB phototherapy were first reported in the early 1900s to control psoriasis, cure rickets and cure tuberculosis (TB). Vitamin D also controlled asthma and rheumatoid arthritis with intakes ranging from 60,000 to 600,000 International Units (IU)/day. In the 1980s, interest in treating psoriasis with vitamin D rekindled. Since 1985 four different oral forms of vitamin D (D2, D3, 1-hydroxyvitaminD3 (1(OH)D3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3 (calcitriol)) and several topical formulations have been reported safe and effective treatments for psoriasis-as has UVB phototherapy and sunshine. In this review we show that many pre-treatment serum 25(OH)D concentrations fall within the current range of normal, while many post-treatment concentrations fall outside the upper limit of this normal (100 ng/mL). Yet, psoriasis patients showed significant clinical improvement without complications using these treatments. Current estimates of vitamin D sufficiency appear to underestimate serum 25(OH)D concentrations required for optimal health in psoriasis patients, while concentrations associated with adverse events appear to be much higher than current estimates of safe serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Based on these observations, the therapeutic index for vitamin D needs to be reexamined in the treatment of psoriasis and other diseases strongly linked to vitamin D deficiency, including COVID-19 infections, which may also improve safely with sufficient vitamin D intake or UVB exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. McCullough
- Medical Services Department, Summit Behavioral Healthcare, Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, 1101 Summit Rd, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA;
| | | | - Douglas Lehrer
- Department of Psychiatry, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA;
| | - Jeffrey B. Travers
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA;
| | - Steven J. Repas
- Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA;
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50
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Yousuf S, Atif F, Espinosa-Garcia C, Harris W, Turan N, Stein DG. Stroke-Induced Peripheral Immune Dysfunction in Vitamin D-Deficient Conditions: Modulation by Progesterone and Vitamin D. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:950-963. [PMID: 33063282 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (Ddef) alters morphology and outcomes after a stroke. We investigated the interaction of Ddef following post-stroke systemic inflammation and evaluated whether administration of progesterone (P) or vitamin D (D) will improve outcomes. Ddef rats underwent stroke with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation. Rats were randomly divided into 9 groups and treated with P, D, or vehicle for 4 days. At day 4, rats were tested on different behavioral parameters. Markers of neuronal inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, white matter integrity, and apoptosis were measured along with immune cell populations from the spleen, thymus, and blood. Severely altered outcomes were observed in the Ddef group compared to the D-sufficient (Dsuf) group. Stroke caused peripheral immune dysfunction in the Dsuf group which was worse in the Ddef group. Systemic inflammation exacerbated injury outcomes in the Dsuf group and these were worse in the Ddef group. Monotherapy with P/D showed beneficial functional effects but the combined treatment showed better outcomes than either alone. Ddef as a comorbid condition with stroke worsens stroke outcomes and can delay functional recovery. Combination treatment with P and D might be promising for future stroke therapeutics in Ddef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Yousuf
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Room 655A, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Fahim Atif
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Room 655A, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Wayne Harris
- School of Medicine, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Nefize Turan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 0211, USA
| | - Donald G Stein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Room 655A, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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