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Szekeres R, Priksz D, Kiss R, Romanescu DD, Bombicz M, Varga B, Gesztelyi R, Szilagyi A, Takacs B, Tarjanyi V, Pelles-Tasko B, Forgacs I, Remenyik J, Szilvassy Z, Juhasz B. Therapeutic Aspects of Prunus cerasus Extract in a Rabbit Model of Atherosclerosis-Associated Diastolic Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13253. [PMID: 37686067 PMCID: PMC10488229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential therapeutic effects of anthocyanin-rich Prunus cerasus (sour cherry) extract (PCE) on atherosclerosis-associated cardiac dysfunction, described by the impairment of the NO-PKG (nitric oxide-protein kinase G) pathway and the antioxidant capacity. Initially, a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was established by administering a cholesterol-rich diet, enabling the examination of the impact of 9 g/kg PCE on the pre-existing compromised cardiovascular condition. After that, the animals were divided into four groups for 12 weeks: the (1) untreated control group; (2) PCE-administered healthy rabbits; (3) hypercholesterolemic (HC) group kept on an atherogenic diet; and (4) PCE-treated HC group. Dyslipidemia, impaired endothelial function, and signs of diastolic dysfunction were evident in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, accompanied by a reduced cardiac expression of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), PKG, and SERCA2a (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a). Subsequent PCE treatment improved the lipid profile and the cardiac function. Additionally, PCE administration was associated with elevated myocardial levels of eNOS, PKG, and SERCA2a, while no significant changes in the vascular status were observed. Western blot analysis further revealed hypercholesterolemia-induced increase and PCE-associated reduction in heme oxygenase-1 expression. The observed effects of anthocyanins indicate their potential as a valuable addition to the treatment regimen for atherosclerosis-associated cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka Szekeres
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Daniel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Rita Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Dana Diana Romanescu
- Department of Diabetology, Pelican Clinical Hospital, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Mariann Bombicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Balazs Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Anna Szilagyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Barbara Takacs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Vera Tarjanyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Beata Pelles-Tasko
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Ildiko Forgacs
- Center for Complex Systems and Microbiome Innovations, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Judit Remenyik
- Center for Complex Systems and Microbiome Innovations, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Zoltan Szilvassy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Bela Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
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Meibom D, Micus S, Andreevski AL, Anlauf S, Bogner P, von Buehler CJ, Dieskau AP, Dreher J, Eitner F, Fliegner D, Follmann M, Gericke KM, Maassen S, Meyer J, Schlemmer KH, Steuber H, Tersteegen A, Wunder F. BAY-7081: A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Cyanopyridone-Based PDE9A Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16420-16431. [PMID: 36475653 PMCID: PMC9791655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of heart failure in recent years, options for patients are still limited and the disease is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Modulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels within the natriuretic peptide signaling pathway by inhibiting PDE9A has been associated with beneficial effects in preclinical heart failure models. We herein report the identification of BAY-7081, a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable PDE9A inhibitor with very good aqueous solubility starting from a high-throughput screening hit. Key aspect of the optimization was a switch in metabolism of our lead structures from glucuronidation to oxidation. The switch proved being essential for the identification of compounds with improved pharmacokinetic profiles. By studying a tool compound in a transverse aortic constriction mouse model, we were able to substantiate the relevance of PDE9A inhibition in heart diseases.
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Biological Assessment of the NO-Dependent Endothelial Function. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227921. [PMID: 36432022 PMCID: PMC9698916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in numerous physiological processes, including vascular homeostasis. Reduced NO bioavailability is a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction, a prequel to many cardiovascular diseases. Biomarkers of an early NO-dependent endothelial dysfunction obtained from routine venous blood sampling would be of great interest but are currently lacking. The direct measurement of circulating NO remains a challenge due by its high reactivity and short half-life. The current techniques measure stable products from the NO signaling pathway or metabolic end products of NO that do not accurately represent its bioavailability and, therefore, endothelial function per se. In this review, we will concentrate on an original technique of low temperature electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy capable to directly measure the 5-α-coordinated heme nitrosyl-hemoglobin in the T (tense) state (5-α-nitrosyl-hemoglobin or HbNO) obtained from fresh venous human erythrocytes. In humans, HbNO reflects the bioavailability of NO formed in the vasculature from vascular endothelial NOS or exogenous NO donors with minor contribution from erythrocyte NOS. The HbNO signal is directly correlated with the vascular endothelial function and inversely correlated with vascular oxidative stress. Pilot studies support the validity of HbNO measurements both for the detection of endothelial dysfunction in asymptomatic subjects and for the monitoring of such dysfunction in patients with known cardiovascular disease. The impact of therapies or the severity of diseases such as COVID-19 infection involving the endothelium could also be monitored and their incumbent risk of complications better predicted through serial measurements of HbNO.
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Priksz D, Lampe N, Kovacs A, Herwig M, Bombicz M, Varga B, Wilisicz T, Szilvassy J, Posa A, Kiss R, Gesztelyi R, Raduly A, Szekeres R, Sieme M, Papp Z, Toth A, Hamdani N, Szilvassy Z, Juhasz B. Nicotinic-acid derivative BGP-15 improves diastolic function in a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiomyopathy. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2240-2258. [PMID: 34811751 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Small molecule BGP-15 has been reported to alleviate signs of heart failure and improve muscle function in murine models. Here, we investigated the acute and chronic effects of BGP-15 in a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiomyopathy. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rabbits were maintained on standard chow (Control) or atherogenic diet (HC) for 16 weeks. BGP-15 was administered intravenously (once) or orally (for 16 weeks), to assess acute and chronic effects. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation was assessed, and key molecules of the protein kinase G (PKG) axis were examined by ELISA and Western blot. Passive force generation was investigated in skinned cardiomyocytes. KEY RESULTS Both acute and chronic BGP-15 treatment improved the diastolic performance of the diseased heart, however, vasorelaxation and serum lipid markers were unaffected. Myocardial cGMP levels were elevated in the BGP-15-treated group, along with preserved PKG activity and increased phospholamban Ser16-phosphorylation. PDE5 expression decreased in the BGP-15-treated group, and the substance inhibited PDE1 enzyme. Cardiomyocyte passive tension reduced in BGP-15-treated rabbits, the ratio of titin N2BA/N2B isoforms increased, and PKG-dependent N2B-titin phosphorylation elevated in the BGP-15-treated group. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Here we report that BGP-15-treatment improves diastolic function, reduces cardiomyocyte stiffness, and restores titin compliance in a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiomyopathy by increasing the activity of the cGMP-PKG axis. As BGP-15 is proven to be safe, it may have clinical value in the treatment of diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nora Lampe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arpad Kovacs
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mariann Bombicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Balazs Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tician Wilisicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Szilvassy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Aniko Posa
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rita Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arnold Raduly
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Reka Szekeres
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Toth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Institute of Physiology Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zoltan Szilvassy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bela Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Changes of Hematological and Hemorheological Parameters in Rabbits with Hypercholesterolemia. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040249. [PMID: 33920738 PMCID: PMC8072928 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, leading to endothelial dysfunction, ischemic events, and increased mortality. Numerous studies suggest the pivotal role of rheological factors in the pathology of atherosclerosis. To get a more detailed hematological and hemorheological profile in hypercholesterolemia, we carried out an experiment on rabbits. Animals were divided into two groups: the control group (Control) was kept on normal rabbit chow, the high-cholesterol diet group (HC) was fed with special increased cholesterol-containing food. Hematological parameters (Sysmex K-4500 automate), whole blood and plasma viscosity (Hevimet-40 capillary viscometer), red blood cell (RBC) aggregation (Myrenne MA-1 aggregometer), deformability and mechanical stability (LoRRca MaxSis Osmoscan ektacytometer) were tested. The white blood cell and platelet count, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were significantly higher in the HC group, while the RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values were lower than the Control data. Viscosity values corrected to 40% hematocrit were higher in the HC group. The RBC aggregation significantly increased in the HC vs. the Control. The HC group showed significantly worse results both in RBCs' deformability and membrane stability. In conclusion, the atherogenic diet worsens the hematological and macro- and micro-rheological parameters, affecting blood flow properties and microcirculation.
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Besler C, Rommel KP, Kresoja KP, Mörbitz J, Kirsten H, Scholz M, Klingel K, Thiery J, Burkhardt R, Büttner P, Adams V, Thiele H, Lurz P. Evaluation of phosphodiesterase 9A as a novel biomarker in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:1861-1872. [PMID: 33787083 PMCID: PMC8120363 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Murine models implicate phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) as a nitric oxide‐independent regulator of cyclic guanosine monophosphate and promising novel therapeutic target in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study describes PDE9A expression in endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) from patients with different HF phenotypes. Methods and results Endomyocardial biopsies and PBMNCs were obtained from patients with HFpEF (n = 24), HF with reduced ejection fraction (n = 22), and inflammatory cardiomyopathy (n = 24) and patients without HF (n = 7). PDE9A expression was increased in EMBs and PBMNCs from patients with HFpEF as compared with other HF phenotypes or subjects without HF. Endomyocardial PDE9A expression in HFpEF correlated with the inflammatory cell count in EMBs, but not with cardiac fibrosis or left ventricular diastolic wall stress. PDE9A expression in PBMNCs was increased in HFpEF patients with higher high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels and in response to pro‐inflammatory stimulation. As a validation cohort, 719 patients with HFpEF and 1106 subjects without HF were identified from the LIFE‐Heart study. PDE9A expression in PBMNCs was obtained from array data and displayed an age‐dependent distribution. PDE9A levels were elevated and conferred increased risk for HFpEF in middle‐aged subjects, but not in elderly HFpEF patients. Following age adjustment, lower PDE9A expression in PBMNCs was associated with worse survival in patients with HFpEF (log‐rank test P‐value <0.001). Conclusion Expression profiling indicates an up‐regulation of endomyocardial PDE9A in different HF phenotypes with the most robust increase in EMBs and PBMNCs from patients with HFpEF. An exclusive risk effect of PDE9A expression on HFpEF in middle‐aged patients and an unexpected association with survival calls for further studies to better characterize the role of PDE9A as a treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Besler
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, Leipzig, 04289, Germany
| | - Karl-Philipp Rommel
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, Leipzig, 04289, Germany
| | - Karl-Patrik Kresoja
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, Leipzig, 04289, Germany
| | - Justus Mörbitz
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, Leipzig, 04289, Germany
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Petra Büttner
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, Leipzig, 04289, Germany
| | - Volker Adams
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, Leipzig, 04289, Germany
| | - Philipp Lurz
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, Leipzig, 04289, Germany
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Tan Y, Zhang Z, Zheng C, Wintergerst KA, Keller BB, Cai L. Mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy and potential therapeutic strategies: preclinical and clinical evidence. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 17:585-607. [PMID: 32080423 PMCID: PMC7849055 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-0339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and clinical features of diabetic cardiomyopathy have been well-studied in the past decade, but effective approaches to prevent and treat this disease are limited. Diabetic cardiomyopathy occurs as a result of the dysregulated glucose and lipid metabolism associated with diabetes mellitus, which leads to increased oxidative stress and the activation of multiple inflammatory pathways that mediate cellular and extracellular injury, pathological cardiac remodelling, and diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Preclinical studies in animal models of diabetes have identified multiple intracellular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and potential cardioprotective strategies to prevent and treat the disease, including antifibrotic agents, anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants. Some of these interventions have been tested in clinical trials and have shown favourable initial results. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and we summarize the evidence from preclinical and clinical studies that might provide guidance for the development of targeted strategies. We also highlight some of the novel pharmacological therapeutic strategies for the treatment and prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Wang L, Zheng Z, Feng X, Zang X, Ding W, Wu F, Zhao Q. circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Network in Oxidized, Low-Density, Lipoprotein-Induced Foam Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:1499-1511. [PMID: 31804889 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Libo Wang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoshi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaona Feng
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuege Zang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhui Ding
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qini Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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9
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Bombicz M, Priksz D, Gesztelyi R, Kiss R, Hollos N, Varga B, Nemeth J, Toth A, Papp Z, Szilvassy Z, Juhasz B. The Drug Candidate BGP-15 Delays the Onset of Diastolic Dysfunction in the Goto-Kakizaki Rat Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030586. [PMID: 30736394 PMCID: PMC6384948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an emerging problem worldwide due to an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Animal studies have indicated that metformin and pioglitazone can prevent DCM partly by normalizing insulin resistance, and partly by other, pleiotropic mechanisms. One clinical study has evidenced the insulin-senzitizing effect of the drug candidate BGP-15, along with additional animal studies that have confirmed its beneficial effects in models of diabetes, muscular dystrophy and heart failure, with the drug affecting chaperones, contractile proteins and mitochondria. Our aim was to investigate whether the inzulin-senzitizer BGP-15 exert any additive cardiovascular effects compared to metformin or pioglitazone, using Goto-Kakizaki (GotoK) rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups: (I) healthy control (Wistar), (II) diseased (GotoK), and GotoK rats treated with: (III) BGP-15, (IV) metformin, and (V) pioglitazone, respectively, for 12 weeks. Metabolic parameters and insulin levels were determined at the endpoint. Doppler echocardiography was carried out to estimate diabetes-associated cardiac dysfunction. Thoracotomy was performed after the vascular status of rats was evaluated using an isolated aortic ring method. Furthermore, western blot assays were carried out to determine expression or phosphorylation levels of selected proteins that take part in myocyte relaxation. Results: BGP-15 restored diastolic parameters (e′/a′, E/e′, LAP, E and A wave) and improved Tei-index compared to untreated GotoK rats. Vascular status was unaffected by BGP-15. Expression of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) and phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) were unchanged by the treatments, but the phosphorylation level of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and phospholamban (PLB) increased in BGP-15-treated rats, in comparison to GotoK. Conclusions: Even though the BGP-15-treatment did not interfere significantly with glucose homeostasis and vascular status, it considerably enhanced diastolic function, by affecting the SERCA/phospholamban pathway in GotoK rats. Although it requires further investigation, BGP-15 may offer a new therapeutic approach in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Bombicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Daniel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Rita Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Nora Hollos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Balazs Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Jozsef Nemeth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Attila Toth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zoltan Szilvassy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Bela Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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