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Khan AH, Min L, Ma Y, Zeeshan M, Jin S, Zhang X. High-temperature stress in crops: male sterility, yield loss and potential remedy approaches. Plant Biotechnol J 2023; 21:680-697. [PMID: 36221230 PMCID: PMC10037161 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Global food security is one of the utmost essential challenges in the 21st century in providing enough food for the growing population while coping with the already stressed environment. High temperature (HT) is one of the main factors affecting plant growth, development and reproduction and causes male sterility in plants. In male reproductive tissues, metabolic changes induced by HT involve carbohydrates, lipids, hormones, epigenetics and reactive oxygen species, leading to male sterility and ultimately reducing yield. Understanding the mechanism and genes involved in these pathways during the HT stress response will provide a new path to improve crops by using molecular breeding and biotechnological approaches. Moreover, this review provides insight into male sterility and integrates this with suggested strategies to enhance crop tolerance under HT stress conditions at the reproductive stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Hamid Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ling Min
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yizan Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro‐Environment and Agro‐Product Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, College of AgricultureGuanxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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2
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Sun Z, Liu K, Chen C, Chen D, Peng Z, Zhou R, Liu L, He D, Duan W, Chen H, Huang C, Ruan Z, Zhang Y, Cao L, Zhan X, Cheng S, Sun L. OsLDDT1, encoding a transmembrane structural DUF726 family protein, is essential for tapetum degradation and pollen formation in rice. Plant Sci 2023; 329:111596. [PMID: 36657664 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Formation of the pollen wall, which is mainly composed of lipid substances secreted by tapetal cells, is important to ensure pollen development in rice. Although several regulatory factors related to lipid biosynthesis during pollen wall formation have been identified in rice, the molecular mechanisms controlling lipid biosynthesis are unclear. In this study, we isolated the male-sterile rice mutant oslddt1 (leaked and delayed degraded tapetum 1). oslddt1 plants show complete pollen abortion resulting from delayed degradation of the tapetum and blocked formation of Ubisch bodies and pollen walls. OsLDDT1 (LOC_Os03g02170) encodes a DUF726 containing protein of unknown function with highly conserved transmembrane and α/β Hydrolase domains. OsLDDT1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and the gene is highly expressed in rice panicles. Genes involved in regulating fatty acid synthesis and formation of sporopollenin and pollen exine during anther development showed significantly different expression patterns in oslddt1 plants. Interestingly, the wax and cutin contents in mature oslddt1-1 anthers were decreased by 74.07 % and 72.22 % compared to WT, indicating that OsLDDT1 is involved in fatty acid synthesis and affects formation of the anther epidermis. Our results provide as deeper understanding of the role of OsLDDT1 in regulating male sterility and also provide materials for hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Keke Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Chi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Daibo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Zequn Peng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Ran Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Dengmei He
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China; College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bay Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163711, China
| | - Wenjing Duan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Chenbo Huang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Zheyan Ruan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China; Baoqing Northern Rice Research Center, Northern Rice Research Center of China National Rice Research Institute, Baoqing, Heilongjiang 155600, China
| | - Xiaodeng Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China.
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China.
| | - Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and Stat Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, HangZhou 311402, China.
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3
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Koehler AD, Rossi ML, Carneiro VTC, Cabral GB, Martinelli AP, Dusi DMA. Anther development in Brachiaria brizantha (syn. Urochloa brizantha) and perspective for microspore in vitro culture. Protoplasma 2023; 260:571-587. [PMID: 35947212 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01802-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brachiaria, a genus from the Poaceae family, is largely cultivated as forage in Brazil. Among the most cultivated varieties of Brachiaria spp., B. brizantha cv. Marandu (syn. Urochloa brizantha) is of great agronomical importance due to the large areas cultivated with this species. This cultivar is apomictic and tetraploid. Sexual diploid genotype is available for this species. The difference in levels of ploidy among sexual and apomictic plants contributes to hindering Brachiaria breeding programs. The induction of haploids and double haploids is of great interest for the generation of new genotypes with potential use in intraspecific crosses. A key factor for the success of this technique is identifying adequate microspore developmental stages for efficient embryogenesis induction. Knowledge of the morphological changes during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis and sporophytic tissues composing the anther is critical for identifying the stages in which microspores present a higher potential for embryogenic callus and somatic embryo through in vitro culture. In this work, morphological markers were associated with anther and pollen grain developmental stages, through histological analysis. Anther development was divided into 11 stages using morphological and cytological characteristics, from anther with archesporial cells to anther dehiscence. The morphological characteristics of each stage are presented. In addition, the response of stage 8 anthers to in vitro culture indicates microspores initiating somatic embryogenic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa D Koehler
- University of Sao Paulo, CENA, Av. Centenario 303, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-903, Brazil
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil
| | - Mônica L Rossi
- University of Sao Paulo, CENA, Av. Centenario 303, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-903, Brazil
| | - Vera T C Carneiro
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil
| | - Glaucia B Cabral
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil
| | - Adriana P Martinelli
- University of Sao Paulo, CENA, Av. Centenario 303, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-903, Brazil
| | - Diva M A Dusi
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil.
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4
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Lai Z, Wang J, Peng SQ, Chang F. bHLH010/089 Transcription Factors Control Pollen Wall Development via Specific Transcriptional and Metabolic Networks in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11683. [PMID: 36232985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The pollen wall is a specialized extracellular cell wall that protects male gametophytes from various environmental stresses and facilitates pollination. Here, we reported that bHLH010 and bHLH089 together are required for the development of the pollen wall by regulating their specific downstream transcriptional and metabolic networks. Both the exine and intine structures of bhlh010 bhlh089 pollen grains were severely defective. Further untargeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that the accumulation of pollen wall morphogenesis-related metabolites, including polysaccharides, glyceryl derivatives, and flavonols, were significantly changed, and the expression of such metabolic enzyme-encoding genes and transporter-encoding genes related to pollen wall morphogenesis was downregulated in bhlh010 bhlh089 mutants. Among these downstream target genes, CSLB03 is a novel target with no biological function being reported yet. We found that bHLH010 interacted with the two E-box sequences at the promoter of CSLB03 and directly activated the expression of CSLB03. The cslb03 mutant alleles showed bhlh010 bhlh089–like pollen developmental defects, with most of the pollen grains exhibiting defective pollen wall structures.
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5
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Pechar GS, Donaire L, Gosalvez B, García‐Almodovar C, Sánchez‐Pina MA, Truniger V, Aranda MA. Editing melon eIF4E associates with virus resistance and male sterility. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2006-2022. [PMID: 35778883 PMCID: PMC9491454 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The cap-binding protein eIF4E, through its interaction with eIF4G, constitutes the core of the eIF4F complex, which plays a key role in the circularization of mRNAs and their subsequent cap-dependent translation. In addition to its fundamental role in mRNA translation initiation, other functions have been described or suggested for eIF4E, including acting as a proviral factor and participating in sexual development. We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to generate melon eif4e knockout mutant lines. Editing worked efficiently in melon, as we obtained transformed plants with a single-nucleotide deletion in homozygosis in the first eIF4E exon already in a T0 generation. Edited and non-transgenic plants of a segregating F2 generation were inoculated with Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWMV); homozygous mutant plants showed virus resistance, while heterozygous and non-mutant plants were infected, in agreement with our previous results with plants silenced in eIF4E. Interestingly, all homozygous edited plants of the T0 and F2 generations showed a male sterility phenotype, while crossing with wild-type plants restored fertility, displaying a perfect correlation between the segregation of the male sterility phenotype and the segregation of the eif4e mutation. Morphological comparative analysis of melon male flowers along consecutive developmental stages showed postmeiotic abnormal development for both microsporocytes and tapetum, with clear differences in the timing of tapetum degradation in the mutant versus wild-type. An RNA-Seq analysis identified critical genes in pollen development that were down-regulated in flowers of eif4e/eif4e plants, and suggested that eIF4E-specific mRNA translation initiation is a limiting factor for male gametes formation in melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano S. Pechar
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant PathologyCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)‐CSICMurciaSpain
| | - Livia Donaire
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant PathologyCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)‐CSICMurciaSpain
| | - Blanca Gosalvez
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant PathologyCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)‐CSICMurciaSpain
| | - Carlos García‐Almodovar
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant PathologyCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)‐CSICMurciaSpain
| | - María Amelia Sánchez‐Pina
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant PathologyCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)‐CSICMurciaSpain
| | - Verónica Truniger
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant PathologyCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)‐CSICMurciaSpain
| | - Miguel A. Aranda
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant PathologyCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)‐CSICMurciaSpain
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Khan RM, Yu P, Sun L, Abbas A, Shah L, Xiang X, Wang D, Sohail A, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Cheng S, Cao L. DCET1 Controls Male Sterility Through Callose Regulation, Exine Formation, and Tapetal Programmed Cell Death in Rice. Front Genet 2021; 12:790789. [PMID: 34899867 PMCID: PMC8652220 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.790789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In angiosperms, anther development comprises of various complex and interrelated biological processes, critically needed for pollen viability. The transitory callose layer serves to separate the meiocytes. It helps in primexine formation, while the timely degradation of tapetal cells is essential for the timely callose wall dissolution and pollen wall formation by providing nutrients for pollen growth. In rice, many genes have been reported and functionally characterized that are involved in callose regulation and pollen wall patterning, including timely programmed cell death (PCD) of the tapetum, but the mechanism of pollen development largely remains ambiguous. We identified and functionally characterized a rice mutant dcet1, having a complete male-sterile phenotype caused by defects in anther callose wall, exine patterning, and tapetal PCD. DCET1 belongs to the RNA recognition motif (RRM)-containing family also called as the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) domain or RNA-binding domain (RBD) protein, having single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) substitution from G (threonine-192) to A (isoleucine-192) located at the fifth exon of LOC_Os08g02330, was responsible for the male sterile phenotype in mutant dcet1. Our cytological analysis suggested that DCET1 regulates callose biosynthesis and degradation, pollen exine formation by affecting exine wall patterning, including abnormal nexine, collapsed bacula, and irregular tectum, and timely PCD by delaying the tapetal cell degeneration. As a result, the microspore of dcet1 was swollen and abnormally bursted and even collapsed within the anther locule characterizing complete male sterility. GUS and qRT-PCR analysis indicated that DCET1 is specifically expressed in the anther till the developmental stage 9, consistent with the observed phenotype. The characterization of DCET1 in callose regulation, pollen wall patterning, and tapetal cell PCD strengthens our knowledge for knowing the regulatory pathways involved in rice male reproductive development and has future prospects in hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Muhammad Khan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Adil Abbas
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liaqat Shah
- Department of Botany, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi, Pakistan
| | - Xiaojiao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongfei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Amir Sohail
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qunen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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Hamza R, Roque E, Gómez-Mena C, Madueño F, Beltrán JP, Cañas LA. PsEND1 Is a Key Player in Pea Pollen Development Through the Modulation of Redox Homeostasis. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:765277. [PMID: 34777450 PMCID: PMC8586548 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.765277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Redox homeostasis has been linked to proper anther and pollen development. Accordingly, plant cells have developed several Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-scavenging mechanisms to maintain the redox balance. Hemopexins constitute one of these mechanisms preventing heme-associated oxidative stress in animals, fungi, and plants. Pisum sativum ENDOTHECIUM 1 (PsEND1) is a pea anther-specific gene that encodes a protein containing four hemopexin domains. We report the functional characterization of PsEND1 and the identification in its promoter region of cis-regulatory elements that are essential for the specific expression in anthers. PsEND1 promoter deletion analysis revealed that a putative CArG-like regulatory motif is necessary to confer promoter activity in developing anthers. Our data suggest that PsEND1 might be a hemopexin regulated by a MADS-box protein. PsEND1 gene silencing in pea, and its overexpression in heterologous systems, result in similar defects in the anthers consisting of precocious tapetum degradation and the impairment of pollen development. Such alterations were associated to the production of superoxide anion and altered activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes. Our findings demonstrate that PsEND1 is essential for pollen development by modulating ROS levels during the differentiation of the anther tissues surrounding the microsporocytes.
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Zhang S, Wu S, Niu C, Liu D, Yan T, Tian Y, Liu S, Xie K, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhao W, Dong Z, Zhu T, Hou Q, Ma B, An X, Li J, Wan X. ZmMs25 encoding a plastid-localized fatty acyl reductase is critical for anther and pollen development in maize. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:4298-4318. [PMID: 33822021 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acyl reductases (FARs) catalyse the reduction of fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) or -acyl carrier protein (ACP) substrates to primary fatty alcohols, which play essential roles in lipid metabolism in plants. However, the mechanism by which FARs are involved in male reproduction is poorly defined. Here, we found that two maize allelic mutants, ms25-6065 and ms25-6057, displayed defective anther cuticles, abnormal Ubisch body formation, impaired pollen exine formation and complete male sterility. Based on map-based cloning and CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis, Zm00001d048337 was identified as ZmMs25, encoding a plastid-localized FAR with catalytic activities to multiple acyl-CoA substrates in vitro. Four conserved residues (G101, G104, Y327 and K331) of ZmMs25 were critical for its activity. ZmMs25 was predominantly expressed in anther, and was directly regulated by transcription factor ZmMYB84. Lipidomics analysis revealed that ms25 mutation had significant effects on reducing cutin monomers and internal lipids, and altering the composition of cuticular wax in anthers. Moreover, loss of function of ZmMs25 significantly affected the expression of its four paralogous genes and five cloned lipid metabolic male-sterility genes in maize. These data suggest that ZmMs25 is required for anther development and male fertility, indicating its application potential in maize and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Zhang
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
| | - Suowei Wu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Canfang Niu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Tingwei Yan
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
| | - Youhui Tian
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Ke Xie
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
| | - Zhenying Dong
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Taotao Zhu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
| | - Quancan Hou
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Biao Ma
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xueli An
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
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9
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Abbas A, Yu P, Sun L, Yang Z, Chen D, Cheng S, Cao L. Exploiting Genic Male Sterility in Rice: From Molecular Dissection to Breeding Applications. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:629314. [PMID: 33763090 PMCID: PMC7982899 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.629314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) occupies a very salient and indispensable status among cereal crops, as its vast production is used to feed nearly half of the world's population. Male sterile plants are the fundamental breeding materials needed for specific propagation in order to meet the elevated current food demands. The development of the rice varieties with desired traits has become the ultimate need of the time. Genic male sterility is a predominant system that is vastly deployed and exploited for crop improvement. Hence, the identification of new genetic elements and the cognizance of the underlying regulatory networks affecting male sterility in rice are crucial to harness heterosis and ensure global food security. Over the years, a variety of genomics studies have uncovered numerous mechanisms regulating male sterility in rice, which provided a deeper and wider understanding on the complex molecular basis of anther and pollen development. The recent advances in genomics and the emergence of multiple biotechnological methods have revolutionized the field of rice breeding. In this review, we have briefly documented the recent evolution, exploration, and exploitation of genic male sterility to the improvement of rice crop production. Furthermore, this review describes future perspectives with focus on state-of-the-art developments in the engineering of male sterility to overcome issues associated with male sterility-mediated rice breeding to address the current challenges. Finally, we provide our perspectives on diversified studies regarding the identification and characterization of genic male sterility genes, the development of new biotechnology-based male sterility systems, and their integrated applications for hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Abbas
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengfu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daibo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Northern Center of China National Rice Research Institute, Shuangyashan, China
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Lu J, Wang C, Zeng D, Li J, Shi X, Shi Y, Zhou Y. Genome-Wide Association Study Dissects Resistance Loci against Bacterial Blight in a Diverse Rice Panel from the 3000 Rice Genomes Project. Rice (N Y) 2021; 14:22. [PMID: 33638765 PMCID: PMC7914325 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most devastating bacterial diseases of rice in temperate and tropical regions. Breeding and deployment of resistant cultivars carrying major resistance (R) genes has been the most effective approach for BB management. However, because of specific interaction of each R gene with the product of the corresponding pathogen avirulence or effector gene, new pathogen strains that can overcome the deployed resistance often emerge rapidly. To deal with ever-evolving Xoo, it is necessary to identify novel R genes and resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL). RESULTS BB resistance of a diverse panel of 340 accessions from the 3000 Rice Genomes Project (3 K RGP) was evaluated by artificial inoculation with four representative Xoo strains, namely Z173 (C4), GD1358 (C5), V from China and PXO339 (P9a) from Philippines. Using the 3 K RG 4.8mio filtered SNP Dataset, a total of 11 QTL associated with BB resistance on chromosomes 4, 5, 11 and 12 were identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Among them, eight resistance loci, which were narrowed down to relatively small genomic intervals, coincided with previously reported QTL or R genes, e.g. xa5, xa25, xa44(t). The other three QTL were putative novel loci associated with BB resistance. Linear regression analysis showed a dependence of BB lesion length on the number of favorable alleles, suggesting that pyramiding QTL using marker-assisted selection would be an effective approach for improving resistance. In addition, the Hap2 allele of LOC_Os11g46250 underlying qC5-11.1 was validated as positively regulating resistance against strain C5. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide valuable information for the genetic improvement of BB resistance and application of germplasm resources in rice breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Lu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Chunchao Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Dan Zeng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Jianmin Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xiaorong Shi
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Yingyao Shi
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Yongli Zhou
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
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Xiang XJ, Sun LP, Yu P, Yang ZF, Zhang PP, Zhang YX, Wu WX, Chen DB, Zhan XD, Khan RM, Abbas A, Cheng SH, Cao LY. The MYB transcription factor Baymax1 plays a critical role in rice male fertility. Theor Appl Genet 2021; 134:453-471. [PMID: 33089345 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03706-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Key message Rice male fertility gene Baymax1, isolated through map-based cloning, encodes a MYB transcription factor and is essential for rice tapetum and microspore development.Abstract The mining and characterization of male fertility gene will provide theoretical and material basis for future rice production. In Arabidopsis, the development of male organ (namely anther), usually involves the coordination between MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) and bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) members. However, the role of MYB proteins in rice anther development remains poorly understood. In this study, we isolated and characterized a male sterile mutant (with normal vegetative growth) of Baymax1 (BM1), which encodes a MYB protein. The bm1 mutant exhibited slightly lagging meiosis, aborted transition of the tapetum to a secretory type, premature tapetal degeneration, and abnormal pollen exine formation, leading to ultimately lacks of visible pollens in the mature white anthers. Map-based cloning, complementation and targeted mutagenesis using CRISPR/Cas9 technology demonstrated that the mutated LOC_Os04g39470 is the causal gene in bm1. BM1 is preferentially expressed in rice anthers from stage 5 to stage 10. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that rice BM1 and its homologs in millet, maize, rape, cabbage, and pigeonpea are evolutionarily conserved. BM1 can physically interacts with bHLH protein TIP2, EAT1, and PHD (plant homeodomain)-finger member TIP3, respectively. Moreover, BM1 affects the expression of several known genes related to tapetum and microspore development. Collectively, our results suggest that BM1 is one of key regulators for rice male fertility and may serve as a potential target for rice male-sterile line breeding and hybrid seed production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jiao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lian-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Zheng-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pei-Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Wei-Xun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Dai-Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Xiao-Deng Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Riaz-Muhammad Khan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Adil Abbas
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Shi-Hua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China.
| | - Li-Yong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China.
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12
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Zhu T, Li Z, An X, Long Y, Xue X, Xie K, Ma B, Zhang D, Guan Y, Niu C, Dong Z, Hou Q, Zhao L, Wu S, Li J, Jin W, Wan X. Normal Structure and Function of Endothecium Chloroplasts Maintained by ZmMs33-Mediated Lipid Biosynthesis in Tapetal Cells Are Critical for Anther Development in Maize. Mol Plant 2020; 13:1624-1643. [PMID: 32956899 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Genic male sterility (GMS) is critical for heterosis utilization and hybrid seed production. Although GMS mutants and genes have been studied extensively in plants, it has remained unclear whether chloroplast-associated photosynthetic and metabolic activities are involved in the regulation of anther development. In this study, we characterized the function of ZmMs33/ZmGPAT6, which encodes a member of the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) family that catalyzes the first step of the glycerolipid synthetic pathway. We found that normal structure and function of endothecium (En) chloroplasts maintained by ZmMs33-mediated lipid biosynthesis in tapetal cells are crucial for maize anther development. ZmMs33 is expressed mainly in the tapetum at early anther developmental stages and critical for cell proliferation and expansion at late stages. Chloroplasts in En cells of wild-type anthers function as starch storage sites before stage 10 but as photosynthetic factories since stage 10 to enable starch metabolism and carbohydrate supply. Loss of ZmMs33 function inhibits the biosynthesis of glycolipids and phospholipids, which are major components of En chloroplast membranes, and disrupts the development and function of En chloroplasts, resulting in the formation of abnormal En chloroplasts containing numerous starch granules. Further analyses reveal that starch synthesis during the day and starch degradation at night are greatly suppressed in the mutant anthers, leading to carbon starvation and low energy status, as evidenced by low trehalose-6-phosphate content and a reduced ATP/AMP ratio. The energy sensor and inducer of autophagy, SnRK1, was activated to induce early and excessive autophagy, premature PCD, and metabolic reprogramming in tapetal cells, finally arresting the elongation and development of mutant anthers. Taken together, our results not only show that ZmMs33 is required for normal structure and function of En chloroplasts but also reveal that starch metabolism and photosynthetic activities of En chloroplasts at different developmental stages are essential for normal anther development. These findings provide novel insights for understanding how lipid biosynthesis in the tapetum, the structure and function of En chloroplasts, and energy and substance metabolism are coordinated to maintain maize anther development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Zhu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xueli An
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yan Long
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ke Xie
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Biao Ma
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yijian Guan
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Canfang Niu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Zhenying Dong
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Quancan Hou
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Suowei Wu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTB, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China.
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Khan AH, Min L, Ma Y, Wu Y, Ding Y, Li Y, Xie S, Ullah A, Shaban M, Manghwar H, Shahid M, Zhao Y, Wang C, Zhang X. High day and night temperatures distinctively disrupt fatty acid and jasmonic acid metabolism, inducing male sterility in cotton. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:6128-6141. [PMID: 32640017 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
High temperature stress is an inevitable environmental factor in certain geographical regions. To study the effect of day and night high temperature stress on male reproduction, the heat-sensitive cotton line H05 was subjected to high temperature stress. High day/normal night (HN) and normal day/high night (NH) temperature treatments were compared with normal day/normal night (NN) temperature as a control. At the anther dehiscence stage, significant differences were observed, with a reduction in flower size and filament length, and sterility in pollen, seen in NH more than in HN. A total of 36 806 differentially expressed genes were screened, which were mainly associated with fatty acid and jasmonic acid (JA) metabolic pathways. Fatty acid and JA contents were reduced more in NH than HN. Under NH, ACYL-COA OXIDASE 2 (ACO2), a JA biosynthesis gene, was down-regulated. Interestingly, aco2 CRISPR-Cas9 mutants showed male sterility under the NN condition. The exogenous application of methyl jasmonate to early-stage buds of mutants rescued the sterile pollen and indehiscent anther phenotypes at the late stage. These data show that high temperature at night may affect fatty acid and JA metabolism in anthers by suppressing GhACO2 and generate male sterility more strongly than high day temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Hamid Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Min
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yizan Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanlong Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanhao Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanlong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sai Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Abid Ullah
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shaban
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chaozhi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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14
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Zhu L, Chen Z, Li H, Sun Y, Wang L, Zeng H, He Y. Lipid metabolism is involved in male fertility regulation of the photoperiod- and thermo sensitive genic male sterile rice line Peiai 64S. Plant Sci 2020; 299:110581. [PMID: 32900435 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Peiai 64S (PA64S) is a photoperiod- and thermo sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) rice line that has been widely applied in two-line hybrid rice breeding. The male fertility mechanism of PTGMS has always been the research focus. We obtained fertile PA64S (F) and sterile fertile PA64S (S) plants at 21℃ and 28℃, respectively. Here, we analyzed the development of anthers and pollen grains of PA64S (S) and found that the degradation of tapetum and sporopollenin accumulation of pollen exine was abnormal. The content of lipid components in PA64S (F) and PA64S (S) were different by LC-MS, among which sterols, (O-acyl) ω-hydroxy fatty acids, ceramide, and other lipid components were upregulated in PA64S (F). The results of transcriptome showed that many significantly different genes were enriched in the lipid metabolism pathways. Additionally, lipid synthesis and transport genes were downregulated in PA64S (S). In summary, the differences of the PA64S fertility under different temperatures were analyzed through multi-levels comparison. These results suggest that lipid synthesis and transport during PA64S anther development affects the lipid accumulation of pollen exine, and ultimately affected fertility. The differences in lipids content may also be a factor affecting PA64S pollen fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
| | - Zhen Chen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
| | - Haixia Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
| | - Yujun Sun
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
| | - Hanlai Zeng
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
| | - Ying He
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China.
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15
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Wan X, Wu S, Li Z, An X, Tian Y. Lipid Metabolism: Critical Roles in Male Fertility and Other Aspects of Reproductive Development in Plants. Mol Plant 2020; 13:955-983. [PMID: 32434071 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids and their derivatives are essential building blocks for anther cuticle and pollen wall formation. Disruption of lipid metabolism during anther and pollen development often leads to genic male sterility (GMS). To date, many lipid metabolism-related GMS genes that are involved in the formation of anther cuticle, pollen wall, and subcellular organelle membranes in anther wall layers have been identified and characterized. In this review, we summarize recent progress on characterizing lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in male fertility and other aspects of reproductive development in plants. On the basis of cloned GMS genes controlling biosynthesis and transport of anther cutin, wax, sporopollenin, and tryphine in Arabidopsis, rice, and maize as well as other plant species, updated lipid metabolic networks underlying anther cuticle development and pollen wall formation were proposed. Through bioinformatics analysis of anther RNA-sequencing datasets from three maize inbred lines (Oh43, W23, and B73), a total of 125 novel lipid metabolism-related genes putatively involved in male fertility in maize were deduced. More, we discuss the pathways regulating lipid metabolism-related GMS genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Finally, we highlight recent findings on lipid metabolism-related genes and their roles in other aspects of plant reproductive development. A comprehensive understanding of lipid metabolism, genes involved, and their roles in plant reproductive development will facilitate the application of lipid metabolism-related genes in gene editing, haploid and callus induction, molecular breeding and hybrid seed production in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Wan
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China.
| | - Suowei Wu
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xueli An
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
| | - Youhui Tian
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China
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16
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Pan X, Yan W, Chang Z, Xu Y, Luo M, Xu C, Chen Z, Wu J, Tang X. OsMYB80 Regulates Anther Development and Pollen Fertility by Targeting Multiple Biological Pathways. Plant Cell Physiol 2020; 61:988-1004. [PMID: 32142141 PMCID: PMC7217667 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollen development is critical to the reproductive success of flowering plants, but how it is regulated is not well understood. Here, we isolated two allelic male-sterile mutants of OsMYB80 and investigated how OsMYB80 regulates male fertility in rice. OsMYB80 was barely expressed in tissues other than anthers, where it initiated the expression during meiosis, reached the peak at the tetrad-releasing stage and then quickly declined afterward. The osmyb80 mutants exhibited premature tapetum cell death, lack of Ubisch bodies, no exine and microspore degeneration. To understand how OsMYB80 regulates anther development, RNA-seq analysis was conducted to identify genes differentially regulated by OsMYB80 in rice anthers. In addition, DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) analysis was performed to identify DNA fragments interacting with OsMYB80 in vitro. Overlap of the genes identified by RNA-seq and DAP-seq revealed 188 genes that were differentially regulated by OsMYB80 and also carried an OsMYB80-interacting DNA element in the promoter. Ten of these promoter elements were randomly selected for gel shift assay and yeast one-hybrid assay, and all showed OsMYB80 binding. The 10 promoters also showed OsMYB80-dependent induction when co-expressed in rice protoplast. Functional annotation of the 188 genes suggested that OsMYB80 regulates male fertility by directly targeting multiple biological processes. The identification of these genes significantly enriched the gene networks governing anther development and provided much new information for the understanding of pollen development and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhenyi Chang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yingchao Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Chunjue Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhufeng Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Corresponding authors: Xiaoyan Tang, E-mail, ; Fax, +86 020 85211372; Jianxin Wu, E-mail, ; Fax, +86 020 85211372; Zhufeng Chen; E-mail, ; Fax, + 86 2085211372
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Corresponding authors: Xiaoyan Tang, E-mail, ; Fax, +86 020 85211372; Jianxin Wu, E-mail, ; Fax, +86 020 85211372; Zhufeng Chen; E-mail, ; Fax, + 86 2085211372
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Crop Design, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Corresponding authors: Xiaoyan Tang, E-mail, ; Fax, +86 020 85211372; Jianxin Wu, E-mail, ; Fax, +86 020 85211372; Zhufeng Chen; E-mail, ; Fax, + 86 2085211372
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17
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Zhao J, Long T, Wang Y, Tong X, Tang J, Li J, Wang H, Tang L, Li Z, Shu Y, Liu X, Li S, Liu H, Li J, Wu Y, Zhang J. RMS2 Encoding a GDSL Lipase Mediates Lipid Homeostasis in Anthers to Determine Rice Male Fertility. Plant Physiol 2020; 182:2047-2064. [PMID: 32029522 PMCID: PMC7140947 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant male gametogenesis is a coordinated effort involving both reproductive tissues and sporophytic tissues, in which lipid metabolism plays an essential role. Although GDSL esterases/lipases have been well known as key enzymes for many plant developmental processes and stress responses, their functions in reproductive development remain unclear. Here, we report the identification of a rice male sterile2 (rms2) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa), which is completely male sterile due to the defects in tapetum degradation, cuticle formation in sporophytic tissues, and impaired exine and central vacuole development in pollen grains. RMS2 was map-based cloned as an endoplasmic reticulum-localized GDSL lipase gene, which is predominantly transcribed during early anther development. In rms2, a three-nucleotide deletion and one base substitution (TTGT to A) occurred within the GDSL domain, which reduced the lipid hydrolase activity of the resulting protein and led to significant changes in the content of 16 lipid components and numerous other metabolites, as revealed by a comparative metabolic analysis. Furthermore, RMS2 is directly targeted by the male fertility regulators Undeveloped Tapetum1 and Persistent Tapetal Cell1 both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that RMS2 may serve as a key node in the rice male fertility regulatory network. These findings shed light on the function of GDSLs in reproductive development and provide a promising gene resource for hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Tuan Long
- Hainan Bolian Rice Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570203, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Hainan Bolian Rice Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570203, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- Hainan Bolian Rice Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570203, China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Liqun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yazhou Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shufan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Hainan Bolian Rice Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570203, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Hainan Bolian Rice Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570203, China
| | - Yongzhong Wu
- Hainan Bolian Rice Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570203, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
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18
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Lei X, Liu B. Tapetum-Dependent Male Meiosis Progression in Plants: Increasing Evidence Emerges. Front Plant Sci 2020; 10:1667. [PMID: 32010157 PMCID: PMC6979054 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, male meiosis is a key process during microsporogenesis and is crucial for male fertility and seed set. Meiosis involves a highly dynamic organization of chromosomes and cytoskeleton and specifically takes place within sexual cells. However, studies in multiple plant species have suggested that the normal development of tapetum, the somatic cell layer surrounding the developing male meiocytes, is indispensable for the completion of the male meiotic cell cycle. Disrupted tapetum development causes alterations in the expression of a large range of genes involved in male reproduction. Moreover, recent experiments suggest that small RNAs (sRNAs) present in the anthers, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and phased, secondary, small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs), play a potential but important role in controlling male meiosis, either by influencing the expression of meiotic genes in the meiocytes or through other unclear mechanisms, supporting the hypothesis that male meiosis is non-cell autonomously regulated. In this mini review, we summarize the recorded meiotic defects that occur in plants with defective tapetum development in both Arabidopsis and crops. Thereafter, we outline the latest understanding on the molecular mechanisms that potentially underpin the tapetum-dependent regulation of male meiosis, and we especially discuss the regulatory role of sRNAs. At the end, we propose several outstanding questions that should be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Lei
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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19
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Abstract
The development of new plant varieties is a long and tedious process involving the generation of large seedling populations to select the best individuals [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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