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Rainu SK, Singh N. 3D microscaffolds with triple-marker sensitive nanoprobes for studying fatty liver disease in vitro. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10048-10063. [PMID: 38712552 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00434e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a heterogeneous condition that encompasses a wide range of liver diseases that progresses from simple hepatic steatosis to the life-threatening state of cirrhosis. However, due to the heterogeneity of this disease, comprehensive analysis of several physicochemical and biological factors that drive its progression is necessary. Therefore, an in vitro platform is required that would enable real-time monitoring of these changes to better understand the progression of these diseases. The earliest stage of NAFLD, i.e. hepatic steatosis, is characterised by triglyceride accumulation in the form of lipid vacuoles in the cytosol of hepatocytes. This fatty acid accumulation is usually accompanied by hepatic inflammation, leading to tissue acidification and dysregulated expression of certain proteases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Taking cues from the biological parameters of the disease, we report here a 3D in vitro GelMA/alginate microscaffold platform encapsulating a triple-marker (pH, MMP-3 and MMP-9) sensitive fluorescent nanoprobe for monitoring, and hence, distinguishing the fatty liver disease (hepatic steatosis) from healthy livers on the basis of pH change and MMP expression. The nanoprobe consists of a carbon nanoparticle (CNP) core, which exhibits intrinsic pH-dependent fluorescence properties, decorated either with an MMP-3 (NpMMP3) or MMP-9 (NpMMP9) sensitive peptide substrate. These peptide substrates are flanked with a fluorophore-quencher pair that separates on enzymatic cleavage, resulting in fluorescence emission. The cocktail of these nanoprobes generated multiple fluorescence signals corresponding to slightly acidic pH (blue) and overexpression of MMP-3 (green) and MMP-9 (red) enzymes in a 3D in vitro fatty liver model, whereas no/negligible fluorescence signals were observed in a healthy liver model. Moreover, this platform enabled us to mimic fatty liver disease in a more realistic manner. Therefore, this 3D in vitro platform encapsulating triple-marker sensitive fluorescent nanoprobes would facilitate the monitoring of the changes in pH and MMP expression, thereby enabling us to distinguish a healthy liver from a diseased liver and to study liver disease stages on the basis of these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Kaur Rainu
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
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Gordji-Nejad A, Matusch A, Kleedörfer S, Jayeshkumar Patel H, Drzezga A, Elmenhorst D, Binkofski F, Bauer A. Single dose creatine improves cognitive performance and induces changes in cerebral high energy phosphates during sleep deprivation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4937. [PMID: 38418482 PMCID: PMC10902318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The inverse effects of creatine supplementation and sleep deprivation on high energy phosphates, neural creatine, and cognitive performances suggest that creatine is a suitable candidate for reducing the negative effects of sleep deprivation. With this, the main obstacle is the limited exogenous uptake by the central nervous system (CNS), making creatine only effective over a long-term diet of weeks. Thus far, only repeated dosing of creatine over weeks has been studied, yielding detectable changes in CNS levels. Based on the hypothesis that a high extracellular creatine availability and increased intracellular energy consumption will temporarily increase the central creatine uptake, subjects were orally administered a high single dose of creatinemonohydrate (0.35 g/kg) while performing cognitive tests during sleep deprivation. Two consecutive 31P-MRS scans, 1H-MRS, and cognitive tests were performed each at evening baseline, 3, 5.5, and 7.5 h after single dose creatine (0.35 g/kg) or placebo during sub-total 21 h sleep deprivation (SD). Our results show that creatine induces changes in PCr/Pi, ATP, tCr/tNAA, prevents a drop in pH level, and improves cognitive performance and processing speed. These outcomes suggest that a high single dose of creatine can partially reverse metabolic alterations and fatigue-related cognitive deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Gordji-Nejad
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Molecular Organization of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Andreas Matusch
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Molecular Organization of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sophie Kleedörfer
- Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Harshal Jayeshkumar Patel
- Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Molecular Organization of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - David Elmenhorst
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Molecular Organization of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Binkofski
- Division of Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Bauer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Molecular Organization of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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Estevam DD, Souza JM, Rey FSB, Martins CL, Stafuzza NB, Espigolan R, Millen DD, Arrigoni MDB. Identification of genomic regions and pathways associated with traits related to rumen acidosis in feedlot Nellore cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2024. [PMID: 38375946 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
There may be an increased risk of metabolic disorders, such as rumen acidosis, in cattle fed high-concentrate diets, particularly those from Bos taurus indicus genotypes, which have shown to be more sensitive to ruminal acidification. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate (co)variance components and identify genomic regions and pathways associated with ruminal acidosis in feedlot Nellore cattle fed high-concentrate diets. It was utilized a dataset containing a total of 642 Nellore bulls that were genotyped from seven feedlot nutrition studies. The GGP Indicus 35k panel was used with the single step genome-wide association study methodology in which the effects of the markers were obtained from the genomic values estimated by the GBLUP model. A bivariate model to estimate genetic correlations between the economically important traits and indicator traits for acidosis was used. The traits evaluated in this study that were nutritionally related to rumen acidosis included average daily gain (ADG), final body weight, time spent eating (TSE), time spent ruminating, rumenitis score (RUM), rumen absorptive surface area (ASA), rumen keratinized layer thickness (KER) and hot carcass weight (HCW). The identified candidate genes were mainly involved in the negative or non-regulation of the apoptotic process, salivary secretion, and transmembrane transport. The genetic correlation between HCW and ASA was low positive (0.27 ± 0.23), and between ADG and ASA was high moderate (0.58 ± 0.59). A positive genetic correlation between RUM and all performance traits was observed, and TSE correlated negatively with HCW (-0.33 ± 0.21), ASA (-0.75 ± 0.48), and KER (-0.40 ± 0.27). The genetic association between economically important traits and indicator traits for acidosis suggested that Nellore cattle may be more sensitive to acidosis in feedlot systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D Estevam
- Department of Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Johnny M Souza
- Department of Animal Science, College of Technology and Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando S B Rey
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Studies, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cyntia L Martins
- Department of Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nedenia B Stafuzza
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science Institute (IZ), São Paulo's Agency for Agribusiness Technology (APTA), Sertãozinho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Espigolan
- Department of Animal Science and Biological Sciences (DZCB), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Palmeira das Missões, Brazil
| | - Danilo D Millen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Technology and Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario D B Arrigoni
- Department of Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Giha HA. Hidden chronic metabolic acidosis of diabetes type 2 (CMAD): Clues, causes and consequences. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:735-750. [PMID: 37380824 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Interpretation of existing data revealed that chronic metabolic acidosis is a pathognomic feature for type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is described here as "chronic metabolic acidosis of T2D (CMAD)" for the first time. The biochemical clues for the CMAD are summarised in the following; low blood bicarbonate (high anionic gap), low pH of interstitial fluid and urine, and response to acid neutralization, while the causes of extra protons are worked out to be; mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, gut microbiota (GM), and diabetic lung. Although, the intracellular pH is largely preserved by the buffer system and ion transporters, a persistent systemic mild acidosis leaves molecular signature in cellular metabolism in diabetics. Reciprocally, there are evidences that CMAD contributes to the initiation and progression of T2D by; reducing insulin production, triggering insulin resistance directly or via altered GM, and inclined oxidative stress. The details about the above clues, causes and consequences of CMAD are obtained by searching literature spanning between 1955 and 2022. Finally, the molecular bases of CMAD are discussed in details by interpretation of an up-to-date data and aid of well constructed diagrams, with a conclusion unravelling that CMAD is a major player in T2D pathophysiology. To this end, the CMAD disclosure offers several therapeutic potentials for prevention, delay or attenuation of T2D and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder A Giha
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Méndez L, Muñoz S, Barros L, Miralles-Pérez B, Romeu M, Ramos-Romero S, Torres JL, Medina I. Combined Intake of Fish Oil and D-Fagomine Prevents High-Fat High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Prediabetes by Modulating Lipotoxicity and Protein Carbonylation in the Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030751. [PMID: 36978999 PMCID: PMC10045798 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been recognized as a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease, insulin resistance being an early common metabolic feature in patients suffering from this syndrome. This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying the induction of kidney dysfunction and the concomitant onset of insulin resistance by long-term high-fat and sucrose diet feeding in Sprague Dawley rats. To achieve this goal, our study analyzed renal carbonylated protein patterns, ectopic lipid accumulation and fatty acid profiles and correlated them with biometrical and biochemical measurements and other body redox status parameters. Rats fed the obesogenic diet developed a prediabetic state and incipient kidney dysfunction manifested in increased plasma urea concentration and superior levels of renal fat deposition and protein carbonylation. An obesogenic diet increased renal fat by preferentially promoting the accumulation of saturated fat, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic fatty acids while decreasing oleic acid. Renal lipotoxicity was accompanied by selectively higher carbonylation of proteins involved in the blood pH regulation, i.e., bicarbonate reclamation and synthesis, amino acid, and glucose metabolisms, directly related to the onset of insulin resistance. This study also tested the combination of antioxidant properties of fish oil with the anti-diabetic properties of buckwheat D-Fagomine to counteract diet-induced renal alterations. Results demonstrated that bioactive compounds combined attenuated lipotoxicity, induced more favorable lipid profiles and counteracted the excessive carbonylation of proteins associated with pH regulation in the kidneys, resulting in an inhibition of the progression of the prediabetes state and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Silvia Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Lorena Barros
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Bernat Miralles-Pérez
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Romeu
- Unidad de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E-43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Sara Ramos-Romero
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Spain
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Steck DT, Jelacic S, Mostofi N, Wu D, Wells L, Fong CT, Cain KC, Sheu RD, Togashi K. The Association Between Hypophosphatemia and Lactic Acidosis After Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:374-381. [PMID: 36528501 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical significance of hypophosphatemia in cardiac surgery has not been investigated extensively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of postoperative hypophosphatemia and lactic acidosis in cardiac surgery patients at the time of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTING At a single academic center. PARTICIPANTS Patients who underwent nontransplant cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between August 2009 and December 2020. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Serum phosphate and lactate levels were measured upon ICU admission in patients undergoing nontransplant cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. There were 681 patients in the low-phosphate (<2.5 mg/dL) group and 2,579 patients in the normal phosphate group (2.5-4.5 mg/dL). A higher proportion of patients in the low phosphate group (26%; 179 of 681; 95% CI: 23-30) had severe lactic acidosis compared to patients in the normal phosphate group (16%; 417 of 2,579; 95% CI: 15-18). In an unadjusted logistic regression model, patients in the low phosphate group had 1.9-times the odds of having severe lactic acidosis (serum lactate ≥4.0 mmol/L) when compared to patients in the normal phosphate group (95% CI: 1.5-2.3), and still 1.4-times the odds (95% CI: 1.1-1.7) after adjusting for several possible confounders. CONCLUSIONS Hypophosphatemia is associated with lactic acidosis in the immediate postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients. Future studies will need to investigate it as a potential treatment target for lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik T Steck
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
| | - Srdjan Jelacic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Nicki Mostofi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - David Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Lauren Wells
- Section of Emergency Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Christine T Fong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Kevin C Cain
- Office of Nursing Research and Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Richard D Sheu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Kei Togashi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
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Pawlak-Chomicka R, Chomicki W, Krauze T, Uruski P, Guzik M, Piskorski J, Tykarski A, Guzik P. Investigating the Ischaemic Phase of Skin NADH Fluorescence Dynamics in Recently Diagnosed Primary Hypertension: A Time Series Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041247. [PMID: 36835783 PMCID: PMC9961528 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is crucial in cellular metabolism. During hypoxia, NADH accumulation results from anaerobic cytoplasmic glycolysis and impaired mitochondrial function. This study aimed to compare the dynamic changes in the 460-nm forearm skin fluorescence, which reflects cellular NADH content, during transient ischaemia between healthy individuals and patients with newly diagnosed, untreated essential hypertension (HA). Sixteen healthy volunteers and sixty-five patients with HA underwent non-invasive measurement of forearm skin NADH content using the Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) method at rest and during a 100-s transient ischaemia induced by inflation of the brachial cuff. The fluorescent signal was sampled at 25 Hz. All samples were normalised to the end of the ischaemic phase, which is the most stable phase of the whole recording. Slope values of 1 s linear regressions were determined for every 25-sample neighbouring set. The 1-s slopes in the early phase of skin ischaemia, indicating quicker hypoxia-induced NADH accumulation in skin, were significantly higher in patients with HA than in healthy individuals. These findings suggest that some protecting mechanisms postponing the early consequences of early cellular hypoxia and premature NADH accumulation during skin ischaemia are impaired in patients with untreated HA. Further studies are needed to investigate this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Pawlak-Chomicka
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618549090
| | - Wojciech Chomicki
- Department of Physics of Functional Materials, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Krauze
- Department of Cardiology-Intensive Therapy and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Guzik
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jarosław Piskorski
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Gora, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemysław Guzik
- Department of Cardiology-Intensive Therapy and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
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Yang CH, Chen YA, Bin PJ, Ou SM, Tarng DC. Associations of the Serum Total Carbon Dioxide Level with Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Sepsis Survivors. Infect Dis Ther 2023; 12:687-701. [PMID: 36749474 PMCID: PMC9925627 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-023-00765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection that leads to multiple organ dysfunction and often complicated with metabolic acidosis. However, the associations between serum total carbon dioxide level (TCO2) and long-term clinical outcomes in sepsis survivors remains unknown. METHODS A total of 7212 sepsis survivors aged ≥ 20 years who were discharged from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2018 were included in our analyses. The sepsis survivors were further divided into high TCO2 (≥ 18 mmol/L) and low TCO2 (< 18 mmol/L) groups, comprising 5023 and 2189 patients, respectively. The following outcomes of interest were included: all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RESULTS After propensity score matching, the low TCO2 group was at higher risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.18-1.39), myocardial infarction (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.39-2.43), and ESRD (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.16-1.64) than the high TCO2 group. The results remained similar after considering death as a competing risk. CONCLUSION Patients discharged from hospitalization for sepsis have higher risks of worse long-term clinical outcomes. Physicians may need to pay more attention to sepsis survivors whose TCO2 was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Han Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yee-An Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Jie Bin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Ming Ou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Elsebai MF, Habib ESE. Blood pH and COVID-19. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200558. [PMID: 36690587 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide war. Raising the blood pH might be a crucial strategy to chase COVID-19. The human blood is slightly alkaline, which is essential for cell metabolism, normal physiology, and balanced immunity since all of these biological processes are pH-dependent. Varieties of physiologic derangements occur when the blood pH is disrupted. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) proliferates in acidic blood that magnifies the severity of COVID-19. On the other side, blood acidemia is linked to increased morbidity and mortality because of its complications on immunity, especially in the elderly and in critical diseases such as cancer, musculoskeletal degradation, renal, cardiac, and pulmonary disorders, which result in many pathological disorders such as osteomalacia, and disturbing the hematopoiesis. Additionally, acidemia of the blood facilitates viral infection and progression. Thus, correcting the acid-base balance might be a crucial strategy for the treatment of COVID-19, which might be attributed to the distraction of the viral spike protein to its cognate receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and supporting the over-taxed immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Fahmi Elsebai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed E Habib
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Gerasimova EL, Gazizullina EG, Igdisanova DI, Sidorova LP, Tseitler TA, Emelianov VV, Chupakhin ON, Ivanova AV. Antioxidant properties of 2,5-substituted 6H-1,3,4-thiadiazines promising for experimental therapy of diabetes mellitus. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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11
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Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV, Bradu P, Sukumar A, Patil M, Renu K, Dey A, Vellingiri B, George A, Ganesan R. Implications of cancer stem cells in diabetes and pancreatic cancer. Life Sci 2022; 312:121211. [PMID: 36414089 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a detailed study of pancreatic cancer (PC) and the implication of different types of cancers concerning diabetes. The combination of anti-diabetic drugs with other anti-cancer drugs and phytochemicals can help prevent and treat this disease. PC cancer stem cells (CSCs) and how they migrate and develop into malignant tumors are discussed. A detailed explanation of the different mechanisms of diabetes development, which can enhance the pancreatic CSCs' proliferation by increasing the IGF factor levels, epigenetic modifications, DNA damage, and the influence of lifestyle factors like obesity, and inflammation, has been discussed. It also explains how cancer due to diabetes is associated with high mortality rates. One of the well-known diabetic drugs, metformin, can be combined with other anti-cancer drugs and prevent the development of PC and has been taken as one of the prime focus in this review. Overall, this paper provides insight into the relationship between diabetes and PC and the methods that can be employed to diagnose this disease at an earlier stage successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Pragya Bradu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Aarthi Sukumar
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Megha Patil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda - 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, 680005, Kerala, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
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12
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Agha A. Haemodiafiltration as a treatment option in refractory life‐threatening diabetic ketoacidosis. PRACTICAL DIABETES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pdi.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Agha
- Assistant Professor Internal Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences Al Ain UAE
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13
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Lubawy M, Formanowicz D. Insulin Resistance and Urolithiasis as a Challenge for a Dietitian. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127160. [PMID: 35742405 PMCID: PMC9223170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Many obesity and diet-related diseases have been observed in recent years. Insulin resistance (IR), a state of tissue resistance to insulin due to its impaired function, is a common coexisting condition. The most important predisposing factors are excessive visceral fat and chronic low-grade inflammatory response. However, IR’s pathogenesis is not fully understood. Hence, the diagnosis of IR should be carried out carefully because many different diagnostic paths do not always give equivalent results. An additional disease that is often associated with IR is urolithiasis. The common feature of these two conditions is metabolic acidosis and mild inflammation. A patient diagnosed with IR and urolithiasis is a big challenge for a dietitian. It is necessary to check a thorough dietary history, make an appropriate anthropometric measurement, plan a full-fledged diet, and carry out the correct nutritional treatment. It is also essential to conduct proper laboratory diagnostics to plan nutritional treatment, which is often a big challenge for dietitians. The diet’s basic assumptions are based on the appropriate selection of carbohydrates, healthy fats, and wholesome protein sources. It is also essential to properly compose meals, prepare them, and plan physical activities tailored to the abilities. The study aims to summarise the necessary information on IR with concomitant urolithiasis, which may be helpful in dietary practice.
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14
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Impact of the inspiratory oxygen fraction on the cardiac output during jugulo-femoral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the rat. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:174. [PMID: 35428203 PMCID: PMC9013166 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02613-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) with femoral access has gained wide acceptance in the treatment of critically ill patients. Since the patient´s cardiac output (CO) can compete with the retrograde aortic ECMO-flow, the aim of this study was to examine the impact of the inspiratory oxygen fraction on the cardiac function during V-A ECMO therapy.
Methods
Eighteen male Lewis rats (350–400 g) received V-A ECMO therapy. The inspiratory oxygen fraction on the ventilator was randomly set to 0.5 (group A), 0.21 (group B), or 0 in order to simulate apnea (group C), respectively. Each group consisted of six animals. Arterial blood pressure, central venous saturation (ScvO2), CO, stroke volume, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), end diastolic volume, and pressure were measured. Cardiac injury was determined by analyzing the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
Results
During anoxic ventilation the systolic, mean and diastolic arterial pressure, CO, stroke volume, LVEF and ScvO2 were significantly impaired compared to group A and B. The course of LDH values revealed no significant differences between the groups.
Conclusion
Anoxic ventilation during V-A ECMO with femoral cannulation leads to cardiogenic shock in rats. Therefore, awake V-A ECMO patients might be at risk for hypoxia-induced complications.
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15
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Najafi N, Mehri S, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. Effects of alpha lipoic acid on metabolic syndrome: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2300-2323. [PMID: 35234312 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disease with medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) possesses various pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, antiobesity, hypotensive, and hypolipidemia actions. It exhibits reactive oxygen species scavenger properties against oxidation and age-related inflammation and refines MetS components. Also, α-LA activates the 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and inhibits the NFκb. It can decrease cholesterol biosynthesis, fatty acid β-oxidation, and vascular stiffness. α-LA decreases lipogenesis, cholesterol biosynthesis, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein levels, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, α-LA increases insulin secretion, glucose transport, and insulin sensitivity. These changes occur via PI3K/Akt activation. On the other hand, α-LA treats central obesity by increasing adiponectin levels and mitochondrial biogenesis and can reduce food intake mainly by SIRT1 stimulation. In this review, the most relevant articles have been discussed to determine the effects of α-LA on different components of MetS with a special focus on different molecular mechanisms behind these effects. This review exhibits the potential properties of α-LA in managing MetS; however, high-quality studies are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of α-LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Najafi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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The association of dietary acid load with resting metabolic rate and metabolic components in overweight and obese women: A cross sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 47:267-276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Gong S, Ma J, Tian A, Lang S, Luo Z, Ma X. Effects and mechanisms of microenvironmental acidosis on osteoclast biology. Biosci Trends 2021; 16:58-72. [PMID: 34732613 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2021.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Due to continuous bone remodeling, the bone tissue is dynamic and constantly being updated. Bone remodeling is precisely regulated by the balance between osteoblast-induced bone formation and osteoclast-induced bone resorption. As a giant multinucleated cell, formation and activities of osteoclasts are regulated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), and by pathological destabilization of the extracellular microenvironment. Microenvironmental acidosis, as the prime candidate, is a driving force of multiple biological activities of osteoclast precursor and osteoclasts. The mechanisms involved in these processes, especially acid-sensitive receptors/channels, are of great precision and complicated. Recently, remarkable progress has been achieved in the field of acid-sensitive mechanisms of osteoclasts. It is important to elucidate the relationship between microenvironmental acidosis and excessive osteoclasts activity, which will help in understanding the pathophysiology of diseases that are associated with excess bone resorption. This review summarizes physiological consequences and in particular, potential mechanisms of osteoclast precursor or osteoclasts in the context of acidosis microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Gong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianxiong Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Aixian Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Lang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiheng Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
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18
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Mannon EC, Sartain CL, Wilkes TC, Sun J, Polichnowski AJ, O'Connor PM. RENAL MASS REDUCTION INCREASES THE RESPONSE TO EXOGENOUS INSULIN INDEPENDENT OF ACID-BASE STATUS OR PLASMA INSULIN LEVELS IN RATS. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F494-F504. [PMID: 34396787 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00679.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairments in insulin sensitivity can occur in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Correction of metabolic acidosis has been associated with improved insulin sensitivity in CKD, suggesting metabolic acidosis may directly promote insulin resistance. Despite this, the effect of acid or alkali loading on insulin sensitivity in a rodent model of CKD (remnant kidney) has not been directly investigated. Such studies could better define the relationship between blood pH and insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that in remnant kidney rats, acid or alkali loading would promote loss of pH homeostasis and consequently decrease insulin sensitivity. To test this hypothesis, we determined the impact of alkali (2 weeks) or acid (5-7 days) loading on plasma electrolytes, acid-base balance, and insulin sensitivity in either sham control, 2/3 or 5/6 nephrectomy rats. Rats with 5/6 nephrectomy had the greatest response to insulin followed by animals with 2/3 nephrectomy and sham control rats. We found that treatment with a 0.1M sodium bicarbonate solution in drinking water had no effect on insulin sensitivity. Acid loading with 0.1M ammonium chloride resulted in significant reductions in pH and plasma bicarbonate. However, acidosis did not significantly impair insulin sensitivity. Similar effects were observed in Zucker obese rats with 5/6 nephrectomy. The effect of renal mass reduction on insulin sensitivity could not be explained by reduced insulin clearance or increased plasma insulin levels. We found that renal mass reduction alone increases sensitivity to exogenous insulin in rats, and that this is not acutely reversed by development of acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor C Mannon
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Christina L Sartain
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Trevin C Wilkes
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jingping Sun
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Aaron J Polichnowski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States
| | - Paul M O'Connor
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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19
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Novotny WE, Fiordalisi I, Keel CP, Harris GD. The potential effect of metabolic alkalosis on insulin sensitivity in an adolescent with new-onset type 1 diabetes. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e03915. [PMID: 34084477 PMCID: PMC8142316 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alkalosis induced by ingestion of alkaline water may enhance insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irma Fiordalisi
- Brody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNCUSA
| | - Cynthia P. Keel
- Vidant Medical CenterJames and Connie Maynard Children’s HospitalGreenvilleNCUSA
| | - Glenn D. Harris
- Brody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNCUSA
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20
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Zhang C, Huang L, Xiong J, Xie L, Ying S, Jia Y, Yao Y, Song X, Zeng Z, Yuan J. Isoalantolactone inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation by regulation of PI3K and Wnt signal pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247752. [PMID: 33661942 PMCID: PMC7932101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Isoalantolactone (IATL) is one of multiple isomeric sesquiterpene lactones and is isolated from inula helenium. IATL has multiple functions such as antibacterial, antihelminthic and antiproliferative activities. IATL also inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation and induces apoptosis by increasing ROS production. However, the detailed mechanism of IATL-mediated pancreatic cancer apoptosis remains largely unknown. METHODS In current study, pancreatic carcinoma cell lines (PANC-1, AsPC-1, BxPC-3) and a mouse xenograft model were used to determine the mechanism of IATL-mediated toxic effects. RESULTS IATL (20μM) inhibited pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines proliferation in a time-dependent way; while scratch assay showed that IATL significantly inhibited PANC-1 scratch closure (P<0.05); Invasion assays indicated that IATL significantly attenuated pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines invasion on matrigel. Signal analysis showed that IATL inhibited pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell proliferation by blocking EGF-PI3K-Skp2-Akt signal axis. Moreover, IATL induced pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis by increasing cytosolic Caspase3 and Box expression. This apoptosis was mediated by inhibition of canonical wnt signal pathway. Finally, xenograft studies showed that IATL also significantly inhibited pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and induced pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS IATL inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation and induces apoptosis on cellular and in vivo models. Signal pathway studies reveal that EGF-PI3K-Skp2-Akt signal axis and canonical wnt pathway are involved in IATL-mediated cellular proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. These studies indicate that IATL may provide a future potential therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiong Zhang
- Research Center for Occupational Respiratory Disease, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linshen Xie
- Research Center for Occupational Respiratory Disease, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Ying
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - You Jia
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- Research Center for Occupational Respiratory Disease, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejiao Song
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenguo Zeng
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jialing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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21
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Sakornyutthadej N, Mahachoklertwattana P, Anantasit N, Hongeng S, Poomthavorn P. Acetazolamide aggravated diabetic ketoacidosis severity in a boy post-transplantation thalassaemia with intracranial hypertension. J Paediatr Child Health 2021; 57:445-447. [PMID: 32364305 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.14907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natee Sakornyutthadej
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pat Mahachoklertwattana
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattachai Anantasit
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Preamrudee Poomthavorn
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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22
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An acidic residue buried in the dimer interface of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) helps regulate catalysis and pH sensitivity. Biochem J 2021; 477:2999-3018. [PMID: 32729927 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) catalyzes the reversible NADP+-dependent conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (αKG) to provide critical cytosolic substrates and drive NADPH-dependent reactions like lipid biosynthesis and glutathione regeneration. In biochemical studies, the forward reaction is studied at neutral pH, while the reverse reaction is typically characterized in more acidic buffers. This led us to question whether IDH1 catalysis is pH-regulated, which would have functional implications under conditions that alter cellular pH, like apoptosis, hypoxia, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we show evidence of catalytic regulation of IDH1 by pH, identifying a trend of increasing kcat values for αKG production upon increasing pH in the buffers we tested. To understand the molecular determinants of IDH1 pH sensitivity, we used the pHinder algorithm to identify buried ionizable residues predicted to have shifted pKa values. Such residues can serve as pH sensors, with changes in protonation states leading to conformational changes that regulate catalysis. We identified an acidic residue buried at the IDH1 dimer interface, D273, with a predicted pKa value upshifted into the physiological range. D273 point mutations had decreased catalytic efficiency and, importantly, loss of pH-regulated catalysis. Based on these findings, we conclude that IDH1 activity is regulated, at least in part, by pH. We show this regulation is mediated by at least one buried acidic residue ∼12 Å from the IDH1 active site. By establishing mechanisms of regulation of this well-conserved enzyme, we highlight catalytic features that may be susceptible to pH changes caused by cell stress and disease.
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23
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Vieira-Neto A, Zimpel R, Lopes FR, Scheffler TL, Block E, Thatcher WW, Santos JEP. Duration and degree of diet-induced metabolic acidosis prepartum alter tissue responses to insulin in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:1660-1679. [PMID: 33309345 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of altering the dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) fed for the last 21 or 42 d of gestation on glucose metabolism and tissue insulin responsiveness. Ninety parous Holstein cows at 232 d of gestation were assigned randomly to dietary treatments with 2 levels of DCAD (-70 or -180 mEq/kg) fed for 2 durations (short: the last 21 d of gestation; long: the last 42 d of gestation). For the short treatments, a diet with +110 mEq/kg was fed from 232 to 254 d of gestation. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT) were performed at either 250 or 270 d of gestation by infusing 0.25 g of dextrose/kg of body weight within 1 min. The following day, cows underwent an insulin challenge (IC) and received 0.1 IU of insulin/kg of body weight intravenously. Blood was sampled at min -15, -5, and 0 to establish a baseline and from 5 to 180 min relative to infusions; plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, and fatty acids were determined, and the respective areas under the curves (AUC) were calculated. Liver was sampled after the IVGTT, and adipose tissue was sampled after the IVGTT and IC for quantification of mRNA expression and protein abundance. Reducing the DCAD altered acid-base balance compatible with a compensated metabolic acidosis. At 250 d, reducing the DCAD increased the AUC for glucose and reduced that of insulin following the IVGTT, whereas during the IC, clearance rate decreased and time to half-life of insulin increased with reducing DCAD, resulting in a tendency to a larger AUC for fatty acids. At 270 d, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and the revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index were smaller in cows fed the acidogenic diets for the last 42 d of gestation compared with the last 21 d of gestation, thereby suggesting reduced insulin sensitivity. In addition, cows fed for the long duration tended to have greater AUC for glucose but smaller AUC for insulin following an IVGTT than those fed for the short duration, thereby suggesting reduced insulin release and glucose disposal. Treatments did not affect hepatic mRNA expression of G6PC, PCK1, PCK2, and PC or adipose tissue mRNA expression of ATGL, ACC, B2AR, HSL, and PLIN1. On the other hand, for proteins, reducing the DCAD linearly reduced abundance of rabbit anti-mouse protein kinase B (AKT) and tended to reduce rabbit anti-human phosphorylated (Ser-9) glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (pGSK) and the pGSK:rabbit anti-human glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK) ratio in hepatic tissue, whereas a linear increase in rabbit anti-human hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and rabbit anti-mouse phosphorylated (Ser-660) hormone-sensitive lipase (pHSL) in adipose tissue was observed after the IVGTT at 250 d. Moreover, reducing the DCAD resulted in a linear reduction of AKT and tended to reduce rabbit anti-human acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) but increased pHSL linearly in adipose tissue after an IC at 250 d. Cows fed acidogenic diets for a short duration tended to have less pHSL in adipose tissue than those fed for a long duration after an IVGTT at 270 d. Associations were observed between blood pH and mRNA and protein abundance in hepatic and adipose tissues. Diet-induced metabolic acidosis altered insulin release and insulin signaling, resulting in a shift in adipose tissue metabolism that would favor lipolysis over lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vieira-Neto
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - R Zimpel
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - F R Lopes
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - T L Scheffler
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - E Block
- Arm & Hammer Animal Nutrition, Princeton, NJ 08543
| | - W W Thatcher
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - J E P Santos
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
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24
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The Compound Expression of HSP90 and INOS in the Testis of Diabetic Rats as Cellular and Pathologic Adverse Effects of Diabetes. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:3906583. [PMID: 32676275 PMCID: PMC7336198 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3906583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is increasingly prevalent at global level and associated with various impacts including the male reproductive system. Aims This research is aimed at investigating the influence of diabetes on the localization and expression of HSP90 and iNOS in the testicular tissue of diabetic rats. Methods A diabetic model was developed through a single injection of alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally (purchased from Sigma-Aldrich) 120 mg/kg body weight following fasting for 12 hrs. The experiment involved two groups, the control and diabetic groups with 10 albino rats in each group. Diabetes was considered if glucose concentration was ≥200 mg/dl. The experiment duration was for one month. After the experiment had finished, all rats were terminated and prepared for routine histological and immunohistochemical examination. Results The results revealed that diabetes caused morphological changes at histological level in testicular tissue. Immunohistochemical examination showed that diabetes significantly upregulated the expression of both HSP90 and iNOS in the testicular tissue of diabetic rats as compared with that of the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Diabetes may induce adverse health effects on the male reproduction through upregulation of HSP90 and iNOS in the testicular tissue of diabetic rats.
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25
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Cure E, Cumhur Cure M. Comment on "Should anti-diabetic medications be reconsidered amid COVID-19 pandemic?". Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 164:108184. [PMID: 32360695 PMCID: PMC7190510 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Cure
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ota&Jinemed Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Arisawa K, Katsuura-Kamano S, Uemura H, Van Tien N, Hishida A, Tamura T, Kubo Y, Tsukamoto M, Tanaka K, Hara M, Takezaki T, Nishimoto D, Koyama T, Ozaki E, Suzuki S, Nishiyama T, Kuriki K, Kadota A, Takashima N, Ikezaki H, Murata M, Oze I, Matsuo K, Mikami H, Nakamura Y, Takeuchi K, Wakai K. Association of Dietary Acid Load with the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Participants in Baseline Survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061605. [PMID: 32486113 PMCID: PMC7352218 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between dietary acid load and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been fully investigated. A cross-sectional study was performed on 14,042 men and 14,105 women (aged 35-69 years) who participated in a baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort study. Dietary acid load was assessed using the net-endogenous-acid-production (NEAP) score that is closely correlated with the rate of renal net acid excretion. MetS was diagnosed according to the Joint Interim Statement Criteria of 2009 using body-mass index instead of waist circumference. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher NEAP scores were associated with a significantly increased odds ratio (OR) of MetS, obesity, high blood pressure, and high fasting blood glucose. These associations remained significant after further adjustment for carbohydrate intake or two nutrient-pattern scores significantly associated with MetS. After adjustment for fiber, iron, potassium, and vitamin pattern scores, the OR of MetS for the highest quartile of NEAP scores, relative to the lowest quartile, was 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.12-1.39). There was no significant interaction between sex, age, or body-mass index and NEAP. Higher dietary acid load was associated with a higher prevalence of MetS and several of its components, independently of carbohydrate intake or nutrient patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.K.-K.); (H.U.); (N.V.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-88-633-7071
| | - Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.K.-K.); (H.U.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Hirokazu Uemura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.K.-K.); (H.U.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Nguyen Van Tien
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; (S.K.-K.); (H.U.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (A.H.); (T.T.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (A.H.); (T.T.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Yoko Kubo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (A.H.); (T.T.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Mineko Tsukamoto
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (A.H.); (T.T.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan; (K.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan; (K.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Toshiro Takezaki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Daisaku Nishimoto
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.K.); (E.O.)
| | - Etsuko Ozaki
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; (T.K.); (E.O.)
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (S.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Takeshi Nishiyama
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (S.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan;
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan; (A.K.); (N.T.)
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan; (A.K.); (N.T.)
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of Comprehensive General Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan; (I.O.); (K.M.)
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan; (I.O.); (K.M.)
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba 260-8717, Japan; (H.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba 260-8717, Japan; (H.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (A.H.); (T.T.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (K.W.)
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (A.H.); (T.T.); (Y.K.); (M.T.); (K.T.); (K.W.)
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Schwartsburd P. A View on Pathogenesis of ≪Vicious Cancer Progression Cycle≫. Front Oncol 2020; 10:690. [PMID: 32426290 PMCID: PMC7204907 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Unrestricted tumor growth requires a permanent supply of glucose that can be obtained from cancer-stimulated hepatic glucose production and/or glucose redirecting from host insulin resistant tissues to cancer cells. This study proposes a mechanism based on metabolic and hormonal changes that may provoke glucose delivery to cancer cells through two interconnected "vicious cycles" whose continuous activity drives cancer progression. As follows from the proposed here feedback model, these "vicious cycles" result from cancer-mediated manipulation of host glucose sensors. The derived conclusions contribute to a better understanding of cancer pathogenesis and identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Schwartsburd
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
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Wesson DE, Buysse JM, Bushinsky DA. Mechanisms of Metabolic Acidosis-Induced Kidney Injury in Chronic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:469-482. [PMID: 31988269 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019070677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrospective analyses and single-center prospective studies identify chronic metabolic acidosis as an independent and modifiable risk factor for progression of CKD. In patients with CKD, untreated chronic metabolic acidosis often leads to an accelerated reduction in GFR. Mechanisms responsible for this reduction include adaptive responses that increase acid excretion but lead to a decline in kidney function. Metabolic acidosis in CKD stimulates production of intrakidney paracrine hormones including angiotensin II, aldosterone, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) that mediate the immediate benefit of increased kidney acid excretion, but their chronic upregulation promotes inflammation and fibrosis. Chronic metabolic acidosis also stimulates ammoniagenesis that increases acid excretion but also leads to ammonia-induced complement activation and deposition of C3 and C5b-9 that can cause tubule-interstitial damage, further worsening disease progression. These effects, along with acid accumulation in kidney tissue, combine to accelerate progression of kidney disease. Treatment of chronic metabolic acidosis attenuates these adaptive responses; reduces levels of angiotensin II, aldosterone, and ET-1; reduces ammoniagenesis; and diminishes inflammation and fibrosis that may lead to slowing of CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald E Wesson
- Baylor Scott & White Health and Wellness Center, Dallas, Texas; .,Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
| | | | - David A Bushinsky
- Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York
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Diabetes: Oral Health Related Quality of Life and Oral Alterations. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5907195. [PMID: 31011577 PMCID: PMC6442307 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5907195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives About 5% of the world's population is affected by diabetes; these patients must be further treated during medical and surgical treatments. These patients, due to the glycemic conditions, realize during their life multiorgan changes, in different body districts. Moreover, this condition obliges them to undertake hypoglycemic therapies. Diabetes is a risk factor for many diseases, including those concerning the oral district with immunological implications. Materials and Methods A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines accessing the NCBI PubMed database. Authors conducted the search of articles in English language. The results of the last 10 years have been considered, which present useful information regarding the oral conditions. A total of 17 relevant studies were included in the review. The study evaluated only papers with specific inclusion criteria regarding oral health. The works initially taken into consideration were 782; subsequently applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 42 works. After a careful analysis of the work obtained by two academics who have worked separately, there have been 17 studies. All data from the studies were compared and many of these confirmed alteration in the oral district. Results The studies taken into consideration evaluated different factors, such as OHRQoL, QoL, and oral alterations, involving soft tissue, dental structures, and postrehabilitative complications, as well as immunological alterations. Conclusions We can affirm, in conclusion, that this study has brought to light those that are complications due to diabetic pathology, from different points of view. The psychological and psychosocial alterations, certainly present in these patients, are probably due to local and systemic alterations; this is confirmed by the correlation between oral health and quality of life reported by the patients.
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