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LoRicco JG, Hoffmann I, Caliò A, Peters J. The membrane regulator squalane increases membrane rigidity under high hydrostatic pressure in archaeal membrane mimics. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6280-6286. [PMID: 37553974 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00352c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Apolar lipids within the membranes of archaea are thought to play a role in membrane regulation. In this work we explore the effect of the apolar lipid squalane on the dynamics of a model archaeal-like membrane, under pressure, using neutron spin echo spectroscopy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on membrane dynamics at high pressure using NSE spectroscopy. Increasing pressure leads to an increase in membrane rigidity, in agreement with other techniques. The presence of squalane in the membrane results in a stiffer membrane supporting its role as a membrane regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonino Caliò
- Université de Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, MAP UMR 5240, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Judith Peters
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France.
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LiPhy, Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France
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Self-assembly and biophysical properties of archaeal lipids. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:571-582. [PMID: 36377774 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Archaea constitute one of the three fundamental domains of life. Archaea possess unique lipids in their cell membranes which distinguish them from bacteria and eukaryotes. This difference in lipid composition is referred to as 'Lipid Divide' and its origins remain elusive. Chemical inertness and the highly branched nature of the archaeal lipids afford the membranes stability against extremes of temperature, pH, and salinity. Based on the molecular architecture, archaeal polar lipids are of two types - monopolar and bipolar. Both monopolar and bipolar lipids have been shown to form vesicles and other well-defined membrane architectures. Bipolar archaeal lipids are among the most unique lipids found in nature because of their membrane-spanning nature and mechanical stability. The majority of the self-assembly studies on archaeal lipids have been carried out using crude polar lipid extracts or molecular mimics. The complexity of the archaeal lipids makes them challenging to synthesize chemically, and as a result, studies on pure lipids are few. There is an ongoing effort to develop simplified routes to synthesize complex archaeal lipids to facilitate diverse biophysical studies and pharmaceutical applications. Investigation on archaeal lipids may help us understand how life survives in extreme conditions and therefore unlock some of the mysteries surrounding the origins of cellular life.
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Bolik S, Albrieux C, Schneck E, Demé B, Jouhet J. Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol bilayers share biophysical properties and are good mutual substitutes in photosynthetic membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:184037. [PMID: 36041508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Bolik
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France; Institut Laue-Langevin, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Albrieux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Emanuel Schneck
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, TU Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bruno Demé
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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Vesicular and Planar Membranes of Archaea Lipids: Unusual Physical Properties and Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147616. [PMID: 35886964 PMCID: PMC9319432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes and planar membranes made of archaea or archaea-like lipids exhibit many unusual physical properties compared to model membranes composed of conventional diester lipids. Here, we review several recent findings in this research area, which include (1) thermosensitive archaeosomes with the capability to drastically change the membrane surface charge, (2) MthK channel's capability to insert into tightly packed tetraether black lipid membranes and exhibit channel activity with surprisingly high calcium sensitivity, and (3) the intercalation of apolar squalane into the midplane space of diether bilayers to impede proton permeation. We also review the usage of tetraether archaeosomes as nanocarriers of therapeutics and vaccine adjuvants, as well as the biomedical applications of planar archaea lipid membranes. The discussion on archaeosomal therapeutics is focused on partially purified tetraether lipid fractions such as the polar lipid fraction E (PLFE) and glyceryl caldityl tetraether (GCTE), which are the main components of PLFE with the sugar and phosphate removed.
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Salvador-Castell M, Golub M, Erwin N, Demé B, Brooks NJ, Winter R, Peters J, Oger PM. Characterisation of a synthetic Archeal membrane reveals a possible new adaptation route to extreme conditions. Commun Biol 2021; 4:653. [PMID: 34079059 PMCID: PMC8172549 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that adaptation to high temperature involved the synthesis of monolayer-forming ether phospholipids. Recently, a novel membrane architecture was proposed to explain the membrane stability in polyextremophiles unable to synthesize such lipids, in which apolar polyisoprenoids populate the bilayer midplane and modify its physico-chemistry, extending its stability domain. Here, we have studied the effect of the apolar polyisoprenoid squalane on a model membrane analogue using neutron diffraction, SAXS and fluorescence spectroscopy. We show that squalane resides inside the bilayer midplane, extends its stability domain, reduces its permeability to protons but increases that of water, and induces a negative curvature in the membrane, allowing the transition to novel non-lamellar phases. This membrane architecture can be transposed to early membranes and could help explain their emergence and temperature tolerance if life originated near hydrothermal vents. Transposed to the archaeal bilayer, this membrane architecture could explain the tolerance to high temperature in hyperthermophiles which grow at temperatures over 100 °C while having a membrane bilayer. The induction of a negative curvature to the membrane could also facilitate crucial cell functions that require high bending membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maksym Golub
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LiPhy, Grenoble, France
- Institut Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France
| | - Nelli Erwin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bruno Demé
- Institut Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Roland Winter
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Judith Peters
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LiPhy, Grenoble, France.
- Institut Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France.
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LoRicco JG, Salvador-Castell M, Demé B, Peters J, Oger PM. Apolar Polyisoprenoids Located in the Midplane of the Bilayer Regulate the Response of an Archaeal-Like Membrane to High Temperature and Pressure. Front Chem 2020; 8:594039. [PMID: 33282836 PMCID: PMC7689154 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.594039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Archaea are known to inhabit some of the most extreme environments on Earth. The ability of archaea possessing membrane bilayers to adapt to high temperature (>85°C) and high pressure (>1,000 bar) environments is proposed to be due to the presence of apolar polyisoprenoids at the midplane of the bilayer. In this work, we study the response of this novel membrane architecture to both high temperature and high hydrostatic pressure using neutron diffraction. A mixture of two diether, phytanyl chain lipids (DoPhPC and DoPhPE) and squalane was used to model this novel architecture. Diffraction data indicate that at high temperatures a stable coexistence of fluid lamellar phases exists within the membrane and that stable coexistence of these phases is also possible at high pressure. Increasing the amount of squalane in the membrane regulates the phase separation with respect to both temperature and pressure, and also leads to an increase in the lamellar repeat spacing. The ability of squalane to regulate the ultrastructure of an archaea-like membrane at high pressure and temperature supports the hypothesis that archaea can use apolar lipids as an adaptive mechanism to extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Demé
- Department of Large Scale Structures, Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France
| | - Judith Peters
- Department of Large Scale Structures, Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France
- Department of Spectroscopy, Université Grenoble Alpes, LiPhy, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe M. Oger
- Univ Lyon, INSA de Lyon, CNRS, MAP UMR 5240, Villeurbanne, France
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