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Li YY, Ji SF, Fu XB, Jiang YF, Sun XY. Biomaterial-based mechanical regulation facilitates scarless wound healing with functional skin appendage regeneration. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:13. [PMID: 38369464 PMCID: PMC10874556 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Scar formation resulting from burns or severe trauma can significantly compromise the structural integrity of skin and lead to permanent loss of skin appendages, ultimately impairing its normal physiological function. Accumulating evidence underscores the potential of targeted modulation of mechanical cues to enhance skin regeneration, promoting scarless repair by influencing the extracellular microenvironment and driving the phenotypic transitions. The field of skin repair and skin appendage regeneration has witnessed remarkable advancements in the utilization of biomaterials with distinct physical properties. However, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains somewhat elusive, limiting the broader application of these innovations. In this review, we present two promising biomaterial-based mechanical approaches aimed at bolstering the regenerative capacity of compromised skin. The first approach involves leveraging biomaterials with specific biophysical properties to create an optimal scarless environment that supports cellular activities essential for regeneration. The second approach centers on harnessing mechanical forces exerted by biomaterials to enhance cellular plasticity, facilitating efficient cellular reprogramming and, consequently, promoting the regeneration of skin appendages. In summary, the manipulation of mechanical cues using biomaterial-based strategies holds significant promise as a supplementary approach for achieving scarless wound healing, coupled with the restoration of multiple skin appendage functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shuai-Fei Ji
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Jiang
- Department of Tissue Regeneration and Wound Repair, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Sun
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, China.
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2
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Cai J, Jiang Y, Chen P, Liang J, Zhang Y, Yuan R, Fan H, Zhong Y, Cai J, Cheng S, Zhang Y. TBC1D1 represses glioma progression by altering the integrity of the cytoskeleton. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:431-444. [PMID: 38189823 PMCID: PMC10817367 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is one of the most aggressive malignant brain tumors and is characterized by invasive growth and poor prognosis. TBC1D1, a member of the TBC family, is associated with the development of various malignancies. However, the role of TBC1D1 in glioma-genesis remains unclear. METHODS The effect of TBC1D1 on the prognosis of glioma patients and related influencing factors were analyzed in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Expression of TBC1D1 in glioma cell lines was detected by western blotting. Cell viability and proliferation were measured by EdU and Colony formation assays, respectively. Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to determine the cell migration and invasion capacities. Immunofluorescence was used to observe actin morphology in the cytoskeleton. RESULTS We discovered that high TBC1D1 expression in gliomas led to poor prognosis. Downregulation of TBC1D1 in glioma cells significantly inhibited multiple important functions, such as proliferation, migration, and invasion. We further demonstrated that the tumor-inhibitory effect of TBC1D1 might occur through the P-LIMK/cofilin pathway, destroying the cytoskeletal structure and affecting the depolymerization of F-actin, thereby inhibiting glioma migration. CONCLUSION TBC1D1 affects the balance and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton via cofilin, thereby altering the morphology and aggressiveness of glioma cells. This study provides a new perspective on its role in tumorigenesis, thereby identifying a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong’an Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Raorao Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hengyi Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuefei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Shang Rao GuangXin District People’s Hospital, Shangrao 334100, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianhui Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchang County People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiqi Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
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3
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Bai Y, Zhao F, Wu T, Chen F, Pang X. Actin polymerization and depolymerization in developing vertebrates. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1213668. [PMID: 37745245 PMCID: PMC10515290 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1213668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Development is a complex process that occurs throughout the life cycle. F-actin, a major component of the cytoskeleton, is essential for the morphogenesis of tissues and organs during development. F-actin is formed by the polymerization of G-actin, and the dynamic balance of polymerization and depolymerization ensures proper cellular function. Disruption of this balance results in various abnormalities and defects or even embryonic lethality. Here, we reviewed recent findings on the structure of G-actin and F-actin and the polymerization of G-actin to F-actin. We also focused on the functions of actin isoforms and the underlying mechanisms of actin polymerization/depolymerization in cellular and organic morphogenesis during development. This information will extend our understanding of the role of actin polymerization in the physiologic or pathologic processes during development and may open new avenues for developing therapeutics for embryonic developmental abnormalities or tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangchun Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Pang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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4
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Steffensen KE, Dawson JF. Actin's C-terminus coordinates actin structural changes and functions. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2023; 80:313-329. [PMID: 37036084 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Actin is essential to eukaryotic cellular processes. Actin's C-terminus appears to play a direct role in modulating actin's structure and properties, facilitating the binding and function of actin-binding proteins (ABPs). The structural and functional characterization of filamentous actin's C-terminus has been impeded by its inherent flexibility, as well as actin's resistance to crystallization for x-ray diffraction and the historical resolution constraints associated with electron microscopy. Many biochemical studies have established that actin's C-terminus must retain its flexibility and structural integrity to modulate actin's structure and functions. For example, C-terminal structural changes are known to affect nucleotide binding and exchange, as well as propagate actin structural changes throughout extensive allosteric networks, facilitating the binding and function of ABPs. Advances in electron microscopy have resulted in high-resolution structures of filamentous actin, providing insights into subtle structural changes that are mediated by actin's C-terminus. Here, we review existing knowledge establishing the importance of actin's C-terminus within actin structural changes and functions and discuss how modern structural characterization techniques provide the tools to understand the role of actin's C-terminus in cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl E Steffensen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - John F Dawson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Nishida K, Matsumura K, Tamura M, Nakamichi T, Shimamori K, Kuragano M, Kabir AMR, Kakugo A, Kotani S, Nishishita N, Tokuraku K. Effects of three microtubule-associated proteins (MAP2, MAP4, and Tau) on microtubules' physical properties and neurite morphology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8870. [PMID: 37258650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The physical properties of cytoskeletal microtubules have a multifaceted effect on the expression of their cellular functions. A superfamily of microtubule-associated proteins, MAP2, MAP4, and tau, promote the polymerization of microtubules, stabilize the formed microtubules, and affect the physical properties of microtubules. Here, we show differences in the effects of these three MAPs on the physical properties of microtubules. When microtubule-binding domain fragments of MAP2, tau, and three MAP4 isoforms were added to microtubules in vitro and observed by fluorescence microscopy, tau-bound microtubules showed a straighter morphology than the microtubules bound by MAP2 and the three MAP4 isoforms. Flexural rigidity was evaluated by the shape of the teardrop pattern formed when microtubules were placed in a hydrodynamic flow, revealing that tau-bound microtubules were the least flexible. When full-length MAPs fused with EGFP were expressed in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells, the microtubules in apical regions of protrusions expressing tau were straighter than in cells expressing MAP2 and MAP4. On the other hand, the protrusions of tau-expressing cells had the fewest branches. These results suggest that the properties of microtubules, which are regulated by MAPs, contribute to the morphogenesis of neurites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nishida
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Kosuke Matsumura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Miki Tamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Takuto Nakamichi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Keiya Shimamori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kuragano
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan
| | | | - Akira Kakugo
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Susumu Kotani
- Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Kanagawa, 221-8686, Japan
| | - Naoki Nishishita
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Tokuraku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan.
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6
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Verhey KJ, Ohi R. Causes, costs and consequences of kinesin motors communicating through the microtubule lattice. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:293511. [PMID: 36866642 PMCID: PMC10022682 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are critical for a variety of important functions in eukaryotic cells. During intracellular trafficking, molecular motor proteins of the kinesin superfamily drive the transport of cellular cargoes by stepping processively along the microtubule surface. Traditionally, the microtubule has been viewed as simply a track for kinesin motility. New work is challenging this classic view by showing that kinesin-1 and kinesin-4 proteins can induce conformational changes in tubulin subunits while they are stepping. These conformational changes appear to propagate along the microtubule such that the kinesins can work allosterically through the lattice to influence other proteins on the same track. Thus, the microtubule is a plastic medium through which motors and other microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) can communicate. Furthermore, stepping kinesin-1 can damage the microtubule lattice. Damage can be repaired by the incorporation of new tubulin subunits, but too much damage leads to microtubule breakage and disassembly. Thus, the addition and loss of tubulin subunits are not restricted to the ends of the microtubule filament but rather, the lattice itself undergoes continuous repair and remodeling. This work leads to a new understanding of how kinesin motors and their microtubule tracks engage in allosteric interactions that are critical for normal cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen J. Verhey
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Author for correspondence ()
| | - Ryoma Ohi
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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7
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Hayakawa Y, Takaine M, Ngo KX, Imai T, Yamada MD, Behjat AB, Umeda K, Hirose K, Yurtsever A, Kodera N, Tokuraku K, Numata O, Fukuma T, Ando T, Nakano K, Uyeda TQP. Actin-binding domain of Rng2 sparsely bound on F-actin strongly inhibits actin movement on myosin II. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 6:6/1/e202201469. [PMID: 36288901 PMCID: PMC9610768 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case in which sub-stoichiometric binding of an actin-binding protein has profound structural and functional consequences, providing an insight into the fundamental properties of actin regulation. Rng2 is an IQGAP contained in contractile rings in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe Here, we used high-speed atomic force microscopy and electron microscopy and found that sub-stoichiometric binding of the calponin-homology actin-binding domain of Rng2 (Rng2CHD) induces global structural changes in skeletal muscle actin filaments, including shortening of the filament helical pitch. Sub-stoichiometric binding of Rng2CHD also reduced the affinity between actin filaments and muscle myosin II carrying ADP and strongly inhibited the motility of actin filaments on myosin II in vitro. On skeletal muscle myosin II-coated surfaces, Rng2CHD stopped the actin movements at a binding ratio of 11%. Rng2CHD also inhibited actin movements on myosin II of the amoeba Dictyostelium, but in this case, by detaching actin filaments from myosin II-coated surfaces. Thus, sparsely bound Rng2CHD induces apparently cooperative structural changes in actin filaments and inhibits force generation by actomyosin II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Hayakawa
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Waseda University, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Masak Takaine
- Department of Biology, Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kien Xuan Ngo
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taiga Imai
- Department of Applied Sciences, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, Japan
| | - Masafumi D Yamada
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Arash Badami Behjat
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Umeda
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keiko Hirose
- Department of Biology, Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan,Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ayhan Yurtsever
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kodera
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Tokuraku
- Department of Applied Sciences, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, Japan
| | - Osamu Numata
- Department of Biology, Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukuma
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nakano
- Department of Biology, Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Taro QP Uyeda
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Waseda University, Shinjuku, Japan,Department of Biology, Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan,Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan,Correspondence: ;
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8
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Bai H, Yang J, Meng S, Liu C. Oral Microbiota-Driven Cell Migration in Carcinogenesis and Metastasis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:864479. [PMID: 35573798 PMCID: PMC9103474 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.864479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity harbors approximately 1,000 microbial species, and both pathogenic and commensal strains are involved in the development of carcinogenesis by stimulating chronic inflammation, affecting cell proliferation, and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Moreover, some substances produced by oral bacteria can also act in a carcinogenic manner. The link between oral microbiota and chronic inflammation as well as cell proliferation has been well established. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated the association of the oral microbiota with cell migration, which is crucial in regulating devastating diseases such as cancer. For instance, increased cell migration induced the spread of highly malignant cancer cells. Due to advanced technologies, the mechanistic understanding of cell migration in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis is undergoing rapid progress. Thus, this review addressed the complexities of cell migration in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis. We also integrate recent findings on the molecular mechanisms by which the oral microbiota regulates cell migration, with emphasis on the effect of the oral microbiota on adhesion, polarization, and guidance. Finally, we also highlight critical techniques, such as intravital microscopy and superresolution microscopy, for studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shu Meng, ; Chengcheng Liu,
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shu Meng, ; Chengcheng Liu,
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9
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P-Cadherin Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Cell Migration and Mucosal Repair, but Is Dispensable for Colitis Associated Colon Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091467. [PMID: 35563773 PMCID: PMC9100778 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent chronic mucosal inflammation, a characteristic of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), perturbs the intestinal epithelial homeostasis resulting in formation of mucosal wounds and, in most severe cases, leads to colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). The altered structure of epithelial cell-cell adhesions is a hallmark of intestinal inflammation contributing to epithelial injury, repair, and tumorigenesis. P-cadherin is an important adhesion protein, poorly expressed in normal intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) but upregulated in inflamed and injured mucosa. The goal of this study was to investigate the roles of P-cadherin in regulating intestinal inflammation and CAC. P-cadherin expression was markedly induced in the colonic epithelium of human IBD patients and CAC tissues. The roles of P-cadherin were investigated in P-cadherin null mice using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and an azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS induced CAC. Although P-cadherin knockout did not affect the severity of acute DSS colitis, P-cadherin null mice exhibited faster recovery after colitis. No significant differences in the number of colonic tumors were observed in P-cadherin null and control mice. Consistently, the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of P-cadherin in human IEC accelerated epithelial wound healing without affecting cell proliferation. The accelerated migration of P-cadherin depleted IEC was driven by activation of Src kinases, Rac1 GTPase and myosin II motors and was accompanied by transcriptional reprogramming of the cells. Our findings highlight P-cadherin as a negative regulator of IEC motility in vitro and mucosal repair in vivo. In contrast, this protein is dispensable for IEC proliferation and CAC development.
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10
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Vu HT, Zhang Z, Tehver R, Thirumalai D. Plus and minus ends of microtubules respond asymmetrically to kinesin binding by a long-range directionally driven allosteric mechanism. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn0856. [PMID: 35417226 PMCID: PMC9007332 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although it is known that majority of kinesin motors walk predominantly toward the plus end of microtubules (MTs) in a hand-over-hand manner, the structural origin of the stepping directionality is not understood. To resolve this issue, we modeled the structures of kinesin-1 (Kin1), MT, and the Kin1-MT complex using the elastic network model and calculated the residue-dependent responses to a local perturbation in the constructs. Kin1 binding elicits an asymmetric response that is pronounced in α/β-tubulin dimers in the plus end of the MT. Kin1 opens the clefts of multiple plus end α/β-tubulin dimers, creating binding-competent conformations, which is required for processivity. Reciprocally, MT induces correlations between switches I and II in the motor and enhances fluctuations in adenosine 5'-diphosphate and the residues in the binding pocket. Our findings explain both the directionality of stepping and MT effects on a key step in the catalytic cycle of kinesin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong T. Vu
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Zhechun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Riina Tehver
- Department of Physics, Denison University, Granville, OH 43023, USA
| | - D. Thirumalai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78702, USA
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11
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Grespi F, Vianello C, Cagnin S, Giacomello M, De Mario A. The Interplay of Microtubules with Mitochondria–ER Contact Sites (MERCs) in Glioblastoma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040567. [PMID: 35454156 PMCID: PMC9030160 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are heterogeneous neoplasms, classified into grade I to IV according to their malignancy and the presence of specific histological/molecular hallmarks. The higher grade of glioma is known as glioblastoma (GB). Although progress has been made in surgical and radiation treatments, its clinical outcome is still unfavorable. The invasive properties of GB cells and glioma aggressiveness are linked to the reshaping of the cytoskeleton. Recent works suggest that the different susceptibility of GB cells to antitumor immune response is also associated with the extent and function of mitochondria–ER contact sites (MERCs). The presence of MERCs alterations could also explain the mitochondrial defects observed in GB models, including abnormalities of energy metabolism and disruption of apoptotic and calcium signaling. Based on this evidence, the question arises as to whether a MERCs–cytoskeleton crosstalk exists, and whether GB progression is linked to an altered cytoskeleton–MERCs interaction. To address this possibility, in this review we performed a meta-analysis to compare grade I and grade IV GB patients. From this preliminary analysis, we found that GB samples (grade IV) are characterized by altered expression of cytoskeletal and MERCs related genes. Among them, the cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4 or CLIMP-63) appears particularly interesting as it encodes a MERCs protein controlling the ER anchoring to microtubules (MTs). Although further in-depth analyses remain necessary, this perspective review may provide new hints to better understand GB molecular etiopathogenesis, by suggesting that cytoskeletal and MERCs alterations cooperate to exacerbate the cellular phenotype of high-grade GB and that MERCs players can be exploited as novel biomarkers/targets to enhance the current therapy for GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Grespi
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Caterina Vianello
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefano Cagnin
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
- CIR-Myo Myology Center, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Giacomello
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Agnese De Mario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.D.M.)
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12
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Korkmazhan E, Tompa P, Dunn AR. The role of ordered cooperative assembly in biomolecular condensates. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:647-648. [PMID: 34349250 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elgin Korkmazhan
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peter Tompa
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexander R Dunn
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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13
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Sun J, He D, Fu Y, Zhang R, Guo H, Wang Z, Wang Y, Gao T, Wei Y, Guo Y, Pang Q, Liu Q. A novel lncRNA ARST represses glioma progression by inhibiting ALDOA-mediated actin cytoskeleton integrity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:187. [PMID: 34099027 PMCID: PMC8183030 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01977-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioma is one of the most aggressive malignant brain tumors that is characterized with inevitably infiltrative growth and poor prognosis. ARST is a novel lncRNA whose expression level is significantly decreased in the patients with glioblastoma multiforme. However, the exact mechanisms of ARST in gliomagenesis are largely unknown. Methods The expressions of ARST in the glioma samples and cell lines were analyzed by qRT-PCR. FISH was utilized to detect the distribution of ARST in the glioma cells. CCK-8, EdU and flow cytometry were used to examine cellular viability, proliferation and apoptosis. Transwell and wound-healing assays were performed to determine the migratory and invasive abilities of the cells. Intracranial tumorigenesis models were established to explore the roles of ARST in vivo. RNA pulldown assay was used to examine proteins that bound to ARST. The activities of key enzymes in the glycolysis and production of lactate acid were measured by colorimetry. In addition, RIP, Co-IP, western blot and immunofluorescence were used to investigate the interaction and regulation between ARST, F-actin, ALDOA and cofilin. Results In this study, we reported that ARST was downregulated in the gliomas. Overexpression of ARST in the glioma cells significantly suppressed various cellular vital abilities such as cell growth, proliferation, migration and invasion. The tumorigenic capacity of these cells in vivo was reduced as well. We further demonstrated that the tumor suppressive effects of ARST could be mediated by a direct binding to a glycolytic enzyme aldolase A (ALDOA), which together with cofilin, keeping the polymerization and depolymerization of actin filaments in an orderly dynamic equilibrium. Upregulation of ARST interrupted the interaction between ALDOA and actin cytoskeleton, which led to a rapid cofilin-dependent loss of F-actin stress fibers. Conclusions Taken together, it is concluded that ARST performs its function via a non-metabolic pathway associated with ALDOA, which otherwise modifies the morphology and invasive properties of the glioma cells. This has added new perspective to its role in tumorigenesis, thus providing potential target for glioma diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01977-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibing Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojuan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Medical College, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Tai-an Municipal Hospital, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Taihong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbang Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuji Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Hosokawa N, Kuragano M, Yoshino A, Shibata K, Uyeda TQP, Tokuraku K. Unidirectional cooperative binding of fimbrin actin-binding domain 2 to actin filament. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 552:59-65. [PMID: 33740665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fimbrin forms bundles of parallel actin filaments in filopodia, but it remains unclear how fimbrin forms well-ordered bundles. To address this issue, we focused on the cooperative interaction between the actin-binding domain of fimbrin and actin filaments. First, we loosely immobilized actin filaments on a glass surface via a positively charged lipid layer and observed the binding of GFP-fused actin-binding domain 2 of fimbrin using fluorescence microscopy. The actin-binding domain formed low-density clusters with unidirectional growth along actin filaments. When the actin filaments were tightly immobilized to the surface by increasing the charge density of the lipid layer, cluster formation was suppressed. This result suggests that the propagation of cooperative structural changes of actin filaments evoked by binding of the actin-binding domain was suppressed by a strong physical interaction with the glass surface. Interestingly, binding of the fimbrin actin-binding domain shortened the length of loosely immobilized actin filaments. Based on these results, we propose that fimbrin-actin interactions accompanied by unidirectional long-range allostery help the formation of well-ordered parallel actin filament bundles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hosokawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kuragano
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Atsuki Yoshino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido, 050-8585, Japan
| | - Keitaro Shibata
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Taro Q P Uyeda
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Tokuraku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido, 050-8585, Japan.
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15
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Glyakina AV, Surin AK, Grishin SY, Selivanova OM, Suvorina MY, Bobyleva LG, Vikhlyantsev IM, Galzitskaya OV. New Model for Stacking Monomers in Filamentous Actin from Skeletal Muscles of Oryctolagus cuniculus. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218319. [PMID: 33171915 PMCID: PMC7664232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, some scientific evidence (limited proteolysis, mass spectrometry analysis, electron microscopy (EM)) has accumulated, which indicates that the generally accepted model of double-stranded of filamentous actin (F-actin) organization in eukaryotic cells is not the only one. This entails an ambiguous understanding of many of the key cellular processes in which F-actin is involved. For a detailed understanding of the mechanism of F-actin assembly and actin interaction with its partners, it is necessary to take into account the polymorphism of the structural organization of F-actin at the molecular level. Using electron microscopy, limited proteolysis, mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and structural modeling we demonstrated that F-actin presented in the EM images has no double-stranded organization, the regions of protease resistance are accessible for action of proteases in F-actin models. Based on all data, a new spatial model of filamentous actin is proposed, and the F-actin polymorphism is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Glyakina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (A.V.G.); (A.K.S.); (S.Y.G.); (O.M.S.); (M.Y.S.)
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexey K. Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (A.V.G.); (A.K.S.); (S.Y.G.); (O.M.S.); (M.Y.S.)
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Sergei Yu. Grishin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (A.V.G.); (A.K.S.); (S.Y.G.); (O.M.S.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Olga M. Selivanova
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (A.V.G.); (A.K.S.); (S.Y.G.); (O.M.S.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Mariya Yu. Suvorina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (A.V.G.); (A.K.S.); (S.Y.G.); (O.M.S.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Liya G. Bobyleva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (L.G.B.); (I.M.V.)
| | - Ivan M. Vikhlyantsev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (L.G.B.); (I.M.V.)
| | - Oxana V. Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (A.V.G.); (A.K.S.); (S.Y.G.); (O.M.S.); (M.Y.S.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; (L.G.B.); (I.M.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-903-675-0156
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16
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Editorial of Special Issue "Frontiers in the Actin Cytoskeleton". Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113945. [PMID: 32486337 PMCID: PMC7312890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is of fundamental importance for eukaryotic cell homeostasis [...].
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