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Nakamura J, Maruyama Y, Tajima G, Hayakawa S, Suwa M, Sato C. Ca 2+ Dependent Formation/Collapse of Cylindrical Ca 2+-ATPase Crystals in Scallop Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) Vesicles: A Possible Dynamic Role of SR in Regulation of Muscle Contraction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087080. [PMID: 37108240 PMCID: PMC10139091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
[Ca2+]-dependent crystallization of the Ca2+-ATPase molecules in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles isolated from scallop striated muscle elongated the vesicles in the absence of ATP, and ATP stabilized the crystals. Here, to determine the [Ca2+]-dependence of vesicle elongation in the presence of ATP, SR vesicles in various [Ca2+] environments were imaged using negative stain electron microscopy. The images obtained revealed the following phenomena. (i) Crystal-containing elongated vesicles appeared at ≤1.4 µM Ca2+ and almost disappeared at ≥18 µM Ca2+, where ATPase activity reaches its maximum. (ii) At ≥18 µM Ca2+, almost all SR vesicles were in the round form and covered by tightly clustered ATPase crystal patches. (iii) Round vesicles dried on electron microscopy grids occasionally had cracks, probably because surface tension crushed the solid three-dimensional spheres. (iv) [Ca2+]-dependent ATPase crystallization was rapid (<1 min) and reversible. These data prompt the hypothesis that SR vesicles autonomously elongate or contract with the help of a calcium-sensitive ATPase network/endoskeleton and that ATPase crystallization may modulate physical properties of the SR architecture, including the ryanodine receptors that control muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nakamura
- Health and Medical Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 6, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yuusuke Maruyama
- Health and Medical Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 6, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Genichi Tajima
- Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-Kamimachi, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Makiko Suwa
- Biological Science Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuou-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - Chikara Sato
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-Kamimachi, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Biological Science Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuou-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
- Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-Kamimachi, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- School of Integrative and Global Majors (SIGMA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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Nakamura J, Maruyama Y, Tajima G, Komeiji Y, Suwa M, Sato C. Ca 2+-ATPase Molecules as a Calcium-Sensitive Membrane-Endoskeleton of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052624. [PMID: 33807779 PMCID: PMC7961605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+-transport ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is an integral, transmembrane protein. It sequesters cytoplasmic calcium ions released from SR during muscle contraction, and causes muscle relaxation. Based on negative staining and transmission electron microscopy of SR vesicles isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle, we propose that the ATPase molecules might also be a calcium-sensitive membrane-endoskeleton. Under conditions when the ATPase molecules scarcely transport Ca2+, i.e., in the presence of ATP and ≤ 0.9 nM Ca2+, some of the ATPase particles on the SR vesicle surface gathered to form tetramers. The tetramers crystallized into a cylindrical helical array in some vesicles and probably resulted in the elongated protrusion that extended from some round SRs. As the Ca2+ concentration increased to 0.2 µM, i.e., under conditions when the transporter molecules fully carry out their activities, the ATPase crystal arrays disappeared, but the SR protrusions remained. In the absence of ATP, almost all of the SR vesicles were round and no crystal arrays were evident, independent of the calcium concentration. This suggests that ATP induced crystallization at low Ca2+ concentrations. From the observed morphological changes, the role of the proposed ATPase membrane-endoskeleton is discussed in the context of calcium regulation during muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nakamura
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.N.); (C.S.)
| | - Yuusuke Maruyama
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Genichi Tajima
- Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8576, Japan;
| | - Yuto Komeiji
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Makiko Suwa
- Biological Science Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuou-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan;
| | - Chikara Sato
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan; (Y.M.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.N.); (C.S.)
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Naya M, Sato C. Pyrene Excimer-Based Fluorescent Labeling of Cysteines Brought into Close Proximity by Protein Dynamics: ASEM-Induced Thiol-Ene Click Reaction for High Spatial Resolution CLEM. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7550. [PMID: 33066147 PMCID: PMC7589919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy (FM) has revealed vital molecular mechanisms of life. Mainly, molecules labeled by fluorescent probes are imaged. However, the diversity of labeling probes and their functions remain limited. We synthesized a pyrene-based fluorescent probe targeting SH groups, which are important for protein folding and oxidative stress sensing in cells. The labeling achieved employs thiol-ene click reactions between the probes and SH groups and is triggered by irradiation by UV light or an electron beam. When two tagged pyrene groups were close enough to be excited as a dimer (excimer), they showed red-shifted fluorescence; theoretically, the proximity of two SH residues within ~30 Å can thus be monitored. Moreover, correlative light/electron microscopy (CLEM) was achieved using our atmospheric scanning electron microscope (ASEM); radicals formed in liquid by the electron beam caused the thiol-ene click reactions, and excimer fluorescence of the labeled proteins in cells and tissues was visualized by FM. Since the fluorescent labeling is induced by a narrow electron beam, high spatial resolution labeling is expected. The method can be widely applied to biological fields, for example, to study protein dynamics with or without cysteine mutagenesis, and to beam-induced micro-fabrication and the precise post-modification of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Naya
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan;
| | - Chikara Sato
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan;
- Master’s and Doctoral Programs in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8574, Japan
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