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Takasawa S, Makino M, Yamauchi A, Sakuramoto‐Tsuchida S, Hirota R, Fujii R, Asai K, Takeda Y, Uchiyama T, Shobatake R, Ota H. Intermittent hypoxia increased the expression of ESM1 and ICAM-1 in vascular endothelial cells via the downregulation of microRNA-181a1. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18039. [PMID: 37968862 PMCID: PMC10805502 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) exposes cells throughout the body to intermittent hypoxia (IH). Intermittent hypoxia is a risk factor not only for hypertension and insulin resistance but also for vascular dysfunction. We have reported correlations between IH, insulin resistance and hypertension. However, the details of why IH leads to vascular dysfunction remain unclear. In this study, we investigated inflammation-related transcripts in vascular endothelial cells (human HUEhT-1 and mouse UV2) exposed to IH by real-time RT-PCR and found that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM1) mRNAs were significantly increased. ELISA confirmed that, in the UV2 cell medium, ICAM-1 and ESM1 were significantly increased by IH. However, the promoter activities of ICAM-1 and ESM1 were not upregulated. On the other hand, IH treatment significantly decreased microRNA (miR)-181a1 in IH-treated cells. The introduction of miR-181a1 mimic but not miR-181a1 mimic NC abolished the IH-induced upregulation of Ican-1 and ESM1. These results indicated that ICAM-1 and ESM1 were upregulated by IH via the IH-induced downregulation of miR-181a1 in vascular endothelial cells and suggested that SAS patients developed atherosclerosis via the IH-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 and ESM1.
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Grants
- 08102003 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 5K19425 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K16344 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K15375 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takasawa
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Mai Makino
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Akiyo Yamauchi
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | - Rina Hirota
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Ryusei Fujii
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Keito Asai
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Yoshinori Takeda
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Ryogo Shobatake
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
- Department of NeurologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
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2
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Takasawa S, Shobatake R, Itaya‐Hironaka A, Makino M, Uchiyama T, Sakuramoto‐Tsuchida S, Takeda Y, Ota H, Yamauchi A. Upregulation of IL-8, osteonectin, and myonectin mRNAs by intermittent hypoxia via OCT1- and NRF2-mediated mechanisms in skeletal muscle cells. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:6019-6031. [PMID: 36457269 PMCID: PMC9753449 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnoea syndrome is characterized by recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and reoxygenation (intermittent hypoxia [IH]) and is a risk factor for insulin resistance/Type 2 diabetes. The induction of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is a key phenomenon to develop diabetes. However, the mechanisms linking IH stress and insulin resistance remain elusive. We exposed human RD and mouse C2C12 muscle cells to normoxia or IH and measured their mRNA levels by real-time RT-PCR. We found that IH significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of muscle-derived insulin resistance-factors (myokines) such as IL-8, osteonectin (ON), and myonectin (MN) in muscle cells. We further analysed the IH-induced expression mechanisms of IL-8, ON, and MN genes in muscle cells. Deletion analyses of the human myokine promoter(s) revealed that the regions -152 to -151 in IL-8, -105 to -99 in ON, and - 3741 to -3738 in MN promoters were responsible for the activation by IH in RD cells. The promoters contain consensus transcription factor binding sequences for OCT1 in IL-8 and MN promoters, and for NRF2 in ON promoter, respectively. The introduction of siRNA for OCT1 abolished the IH-induced expression(s) of IL-8 and MN and siRNA for NRF2 abolished the IH-induced expression of ON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takasawa
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Ryogo Shobatake
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan,Department of NeurologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan,Department of NeurologyNara City HospitalNaraJapan
| | | | - Mai Makino
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan,Department of Diagnostic PathologyNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | | | | | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan,Department of Respiratory MedicineNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Akiyo Yamauchi
- Department of BiochemistryNara Medical UniversityNaraJapan
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3
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Shobatake R, Ota H, Takahashi N, Ueno S, Sugie K, Takasawa S. The Impact of Intermittent Hypoxia on Metabolism and Cognition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12957. [PMID: 36361741 PMCID: PMC9654766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH), one of the primary pathologies of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), exposes cells throughout the body to repeated cycles of hypoxia/normoxia that result in oxidative stress and systemic inflammation. Since SAS is epidemiologically strongly correlated with type 2 diabetes/insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia included in metabolic syndrome, the effects of IH on gene expression in the corresponding cells of each organ have been studied intensively to clarify the molecular mechanism of the association between SAS and metabolic syndrome. Dementia has recently been recognized as a serious health problem due to its increasing incidence, and a large body of evidence has shown its strong correlation with SAS and metabolic disorders. In this narrative review, we first outline the effects of IH on the expression of genes related to metabolism in neuronal cells, pancreatic β cells, hepatocytes, adipocytes, myocytes, and renal cells (mainly based on the results of our experiments). Next, we discuss the literature regarding the mechanisms by which metabolic disorders and IH develop dementia to understand how IH directly and indirectly leads to the development of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryogo Shobatake
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nara City Hospital, 1-50-1 Higashikidera-cho, Nara 630-8305, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Nara City Hospital, 1-50-1 Higashikidera-cho, Nara 630-8305, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
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Upregulation of Reg IV and Hgf mRNAs by Intermittent Hypoxia via Downregulation of microRNA-499 in Cardiomyocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012414. [PMID: 36293268 PMCID: PMC9603944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and reoxygenation (intermittent hypoxia [IH]), and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and insulin resistance/Type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanisms linking IH stress and CVD remain elusive. We exposed rat H9c2 and mouse P19.CL6 cardiomyocytes to experimental IH or normoxia for 24 h to analyze the mRNA expression of several cardiomyokines. We found that the mRNA levels of regenerating gene IV (Reg IV) and hepatocyte growth factor (Hgf) in H9c2 and P19.CL6 cardiomyocytes were significantly increased by IH, whereas the promoter activities of the genes were not increased. A target mRNA search of microRNA (miR)s revealed that rat and mouse mRNAs have a potential target sequence for miR-499. The miR-499 level of IH-treated cells was significantly decreased compared to normoxia-treated cells. MiR-499 mimic and non-specific control RNA (miR-499 mimic NC) were introduced into P19.CL6 cells, and the IH-induced upregulation of the genes was abolished by introduction of the miR-499 mimic, but not by the miR-499 mimic NC. These results indicate that IH stress downregulates the miR-499 in cardiomyocytes, resulting in increased levels of Reg IV and Hgf mRNAs, leading to the protection of cardiomyocytes in SAS patients.
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Takasawa S, Makino M, Uchiyama T, Yamauchi A, Sakuramoto-Tsuchida S, Itaya-Hironaka A, Takeda Y, Asai K, Shobatake R, Ota H. Downregulation of the Cd38-Cyclic ADP-Ribose Signaling in Cardiomyocytes by Intermittent Hypoxia via Pten Upregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158782. [PMID: 35955916 PMCID: PMC9368863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and reoxygenation (intermittent hypoxia, IH), and it is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanisms linking IH stress and CVD remain elusive. We exposed rat H9c2 and mouse P19.CL6 cardiomyocytes to experimental IH or normoxia for 24 h to analyze the mRNA expression of the components of Cd38-cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) signaling. We found that the mRNA levels of cluster of differentiation 38 (Cd38), type 2 ryanodine receptor (Ryr2), and FK506-binding protein 12.6 (Fkbp12.6) in H9c2 and P19.CL6 cardiomyocytes were significantly decreased by IH, whereas the promoter activities of these genes were not decreased. By contrast, the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (Pten) was upregulated in IH-treated cells. The small interfering RNA for Pten (siPten) and a non-specific control RNA were introduced into the H9c2 cells. The IH-induced downregulation of Cd38, Ryr2, and Fkbp12.6 was abolished by the introduction of the siPten, but not by the control RNA. These results indicate that IH stress upregulated the Pten in cardiomyocytes, resulting in the decreased mRNA levels of Cd38, Ryr2, and Fkbp12.6, leading to the inhibition of cardiomyocyte functions in SAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-74-422-3051 (ext. 2227); Fax: +81-744-24-9525
| | - Mai Makino
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan
| | - Akiyo Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Asako Itaya-Hironaka
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan
| | - Keito Asai
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryogo Shobatake
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan
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Intermittent Hypoxia Increased the Expression of DBH and PNMT in Neuroblastoma Cells via MicroRNA-375-Mediated Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115868. [PMID: 35682548 PMCID: PMC9180443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), characterized by recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and reoxygenation (intermittent hypoxia (IH)), is a risk factor for hypertension and insulin resistance. We report a correlation between IH and insulin resistance/diabetes. However, the reason why hypertension is induced by IH is elusive. Here, we investigated the effect of IH on the expression of catecholamine-metabolizing enzymes using an in vitro IH system. Human and mouse neuroblastoma cells (NB-1 and Neuro-2a) were exposed to IH or normoxia for 24 h. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that IH significantly increased the mRNA levels of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) in both NB-1 and Neuro-2a. Western blot showed that the expression of DBH and PNMT in the NB-1 cells was significantly increased by IH. Reporter assays revealed that promoter activities of DBH and PNMT were not increased by IH. The miR-375 level of IH-treated cells was significantly decreased relative to that of normoxia-treated cells. The IH-induced up-regulation of DBH and PNMT was abolished by the introduction of the miR-375 mimic, but not by the control RNA. These results indicate that IH stress increases levels of DBH and PNMT via the inhibition of miR-375-mediated mRNA degradation, potentially playing a role in the emergence of hypertension in SAS patients.
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Editorial to Special Issue "Sleep Apnea and Intermittent Hypoxia 2.0". Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105299. [PMID: 35628109 PMCID: PMC9140767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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CD38–Cyclic ADP-Ribose Signal System in Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084306. [PMID: 35457121 PMCID: PMC9033130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous and fundamental signaling component that is utilized by cells to regulate a diverse range of cellular functions, such as insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells of the islets of Langerhans. Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), synthesized from NAD+ by ADP-ribosyl cyclase family proteins, such as the mammalian cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38), is important for intracellular Ca2+ mobilization for cell functioning. cADPR induces Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum via the ryanodine receptor intracellular Ca2+ channel complex, in which the FK506-binding protein 12.6 works as a cADPR-binding regulatory protein. Recently, involvements of the CD38-cADPR signal system in several human diseases and animal models have been reported. This review describes the biochemical and molecular biological basis of the CD38-cADPR signal system and the diseases caused by its abnormalities.
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Wang H, Heizhati M, Li N, Gan L, Lin M, Yang W, Li M, Yao L, Liu M, Maitituersun A, Liu S, Wu Z, Xiamili Z, Tong L, Lin Y, Luo Q, Hong J. Association of objective and subjective parameters of obstructive sleep apnea with plasma aldosterone concentration in 2,066 hypertensive and 25,368 general population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1016804. [PMID: 36726467 PMCID: PMC9884816 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1016804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity has been suggested in aldosterone elevation in resistant hypertension, whereas it is undetermined in the rest population. We explored the association of OSA parameters with plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) in participants with and without hypertension. METHODS We enrolled clinically hypertensive patients with polysomnography and PAC data under no interfering agents, compared (log) PAC, and assessed the linearity of log PAC by tertiles (T1/2/3) of sleep parameters and their association using linear regression by gender and age. We enrolled participants with and without hypertension who had No-SAS scale and PAC data from the community and duplicated the observations from clinical setting considering age, gender, and presence of hypertension. RESULTS Of the 2,066 clinical patients with hypertension (1,546 with OSA), men participants (n=1,412), log apnea-hypopnea index (p=0.043), apnea index (AI, p=0.010), and lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2, p=0.013) showed significant linearity with log PAC. Log AI (B=0.04, 95%CI: 0.01,0.07, p=0.022) and log LSaO2 (B=-0.39, 95%CI: -0.78,-0.01, p=0.044) showed significant positive and negative linear associations with log PAC in regression. In community dwellers, 6,417 participants with untreated hypertension (2,642 with OSA) and 18,951 normotensive participants (3,000 with OSA) were included. Of the men participants with and without hypertension, the OSA group showed significantly higher (log) PAC than did their counterparts, and log No-SAS score showed positive association with log PAC (hypertension: B=0.072, 95%CI: 0.002,0.142, p=0.043; normotension: B=0.103, 95%CI: 0.067,0.139, p<0.001) in linear regression analysis, which were consistent in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS OSA parameters were positively associated with PAC in normotensive and hypertensive participants, indicating that OSA may increase circulating aldosterone, especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nanfang Li
- *Correspondence: Nanfang Li, ; Mulalibieke Heizhati, /
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Shobatake R, Ota H, Takahashi N, Ueno S, Sugie K, Takasawa S. Anorexigenic Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on the Gut-Brain Axis in Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:364. [PMID: 35008784 PMCID: PMC8745445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a breathing disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper-airway collapse, resulting in intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep. Experimental studies with animals and cellular models have indicated that IH leads to attenuation of glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells and to enhancement of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and cells, such as the liver (hepatocytes), adipose tissue (adipocytes), and skeletal muscles (myocytes), both of which could lead to obesity. Although obesity is widely recognized as a major factor in SAS, it is controversial whether the development of SAS could contribute directly to obesity, and the effect of IH on the expression of appetite regulatory genes remains elusive. Appetite is regulated appropriately by both the hypothalamus and the gut as a gut-brain axis driven by differential neural and hormonal signals. In this review, we summarized the recent epidemiological findings on the relationship between SAS and feeding behavior and focused on the anorexigenic effects of IH on the gut-brain axis by the IH-induced up-regulation of proopiomelanocortin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in neuronal cells and the IH-induced up-regulation of peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1 and neurotensin in enteroendocrine cells and their molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryogo Shobatake
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (S.U.); (K.S.)
- Department of Neurology, Nara City Hospital, 1-50-1 Higashikidera-cho, Nara 630-8305, Japan;
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
| | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Nara City Hospital, 1-50-1 Higashikidera-cho, Nara 630-8305, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (S.U.); (K.S.)
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (S.U.); (K.S.)
| | - Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
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Uchiyama T, Ota H, Ohbayashi C, Takasawa S. Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia on Cytokine Expression Involved in Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12898. [PMID: 34884703 PMCID: PMC8657675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent apnea or hypoxia episodes leading to intermittent hypoxia (IH) and arousals during sleep. Currently, the relationship between SAS and metabolic diseases is being actively analyzed, and SAS is considered to be an independent risk factor for the development and progression of insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Accumulating evidence suggests that the short cycles of decreased oxygen saturation and rapid reoxygenation, a typical feature of SAS, contribute to the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. In addition to IH, several pathological conditions may also contribute to insulin resistance, including sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and the activation of inflammatory cytokines. However, the detailed mechanism by which IH induces insulin resistance in SAS patients has not been fully revealed. We have previously reported that IH stress may exacerbate insulin resistance/T2DM, especially in hepatocytes, adipocytes, and skeletal muscle cells, by causing abnormal cytokine expression/secretion from each cell. Adipose tissues, skeletal muscle, and the liver are the main endocrine organs producing hepatokines, adipokines, and myokines, respectively. In this review, we focus on the effect of IH on hepatokine, adipokine, and myokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Hiroyo Ota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Chiho Ohbayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
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12
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Wang Y, Li CX, Lin YN, Zhang LY, Li SQ, Zhang L, Yan YR, Lu FY, Li N, Li QY. The Role of Aldosterone in OSA and OSA-Related Hypertension. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:801689. [PMID: 35095768 PMCID: PMC8791261 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.801689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is regarded as an independent risk factor for hypertension. The possible mechanism includes oxidative stress, endothelial injury, sympathetic excitement, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, etc. Clinical studies have found that there is a high coexistence of OSA and primary aldosteronism in patients with hypertension and that elevated aldosterone levels are independently associated with OSA severity in resistant hypertension. The underlying mechanism is that aldosterone excess can exacerbate OSA through increasing overnight fluid shift and affecting the mass and function of upper airway muscles during the sleep period. Thus, a bidirectional influence between OSA and aldosterone exists and contributes to hypertension in OSA patients, especially resistant hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Xiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Ni Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yue Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Qi Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Ru Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Ying Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Yun Li,
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