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Hu Q, Zhang Y, Tu Z, Wen S, Wang J, Wang M, Li H. The identification and functional characterization of the LcMCT gene from Liriodendron chinense reveals its potenatial role in carotenoids biosyanthesis. Gene 2024; 902:148180. [PMID: 38253298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Terpenoids are not only important component of plant floral scent, but also indispensable elements in the formation of floral color. The petals of Liriodendron chinense are rich in tetraterpene carotenoids and release large amounts of volatile monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds during full blooming stage. However, the mechanism of terpenoid synthesis is not clear in L. chinense. In this study, we identified a LcMCT gene and characterized its potential function in carotenoids biosynthesis. A total of 2947 up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discerned from the transcriptomic data of L. chinense petals, with a significant enrichment of DEGs related to plant hormone signal transduction and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis. After comprehensive analysis on these DEGs, the LcMCT gene was selected for subsequent function characterization. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that LcMCT was expressed at the highest level in the petals during full blooming stage, suggesting a possible role in carotenoids biosynthesis and volatile terpenoid biosynthesis. Subcellular localization showed that the LcMCT protein was localized in the chloroplast. Overexpression of LcMCT in Arabidopsis thaliana affected the expression levels of MEP pathway genes. Moreover, the MCT enzyme activity and carotenoids contents in transgenic A. thaliana were increased by 69.27% and 15.57%, respectively. These results suggest that LcMCT promotes the biosynthesis of terpenoid precursors via the MEP pathway. Our work lays a foundation for exploring the mechanism of terpenoid synthesis in L. chinense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhonghua Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shaoying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huogen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Zhang Y, Hu Q, Zhai X, Tu Z, Wang J, Wang M, Li H. Genome-wide investigation of SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like genes in Liriodendron and functional characterization of LcSPL2. AOB PLANTS 2024; 16:plae008. [PMID: 38435968 PMCID: PMC10908533 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The plant-specific SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factors play a pivotal role in various developmental processes, including leaf morphogenesis and vegetative to reproductive phase transition. Liriodendron chinense and Liriodendron tulipifera are widely used in landscaping due to their tulip-like flowers and peculiar leaves. However, the SPL gene family in Liriodendron has not been identified and systematically characterized. We systematically identified and characterized the SPL family members in Liriodendron, including phylogeny, gene structure and syntenic analyses. Subsequently, we quantified the expression patterns of LcSPLs across various tissue sites through transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays and identified the target gene, LcSPL2. Finally, we characterized the functions of LcSPL2 via ectopic transformation. Altogether, 17 LcSPL and 18 LtSPL genes were genome-widely identified in L. chinense and L. tulipifera, respectively. All the 35 SPLs were grouped into 9 clades. Both species had three SPL gene pairs arising from segmental duplication events, and the LcSPLs displayed high collinearity with the L. tulipifera genome. RT-qPCR assays showed that SPL genes were differentially expressed in different tissues, especially. Because LcSPL2 is highly expressed in pistils and leaves, it was selected to describe the SPL gene family of L. chinense by ectopic expression. We showed that overexpression of LcSPL2 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in earlier flowering and fewer rosette leaves. Moreover, we observed that overexpression of LcSPL2 in A. thaliana up-regulated the expression levels of four genes related to flower development. This study identified SPL genes in Liriodendron and characterized the function of LcSPL2 in advancing flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinyu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhonghua Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huogen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Li J, Guo S, Min Htwe Y, Sun X, Zhou L, Wang F, Zeng C, Chen S, Iqbal A, Yang Y. Genome-wide identification, classification and expression analysis of MYB gene family in coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1263595. [PMID: 38288415 PMCID: PMC10822967 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1263595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors regulate the growth, development, and secondary metabolism of plant species. To investigate the origin of color variations in coconut pericarp, we identified and analyzed the MYB gene family present in coconut. According to the sequence of MYB genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, homologous MYB gene sequences were found in the whole genome database of coconut, the conserved sequence motifs within MYB proteins were analyzed by Motif Elicitation (MEME) tool, and the sequences without conservative structure were eliminated. Additionally, we employed RNA-seq technology to generate gene expression signatures of the R2R3-MYB genes across distinctive coconut parts exhibiting diverse colors. To validate these profiles, we conducted quantitative PCR (qPCR). Through comprehensive genome-wide screening, we successfully identified a collection of 179 MYB genes in coconut. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis categorized these 179 coconut MYB genes into 4-subfamilies: 124 R2R3-MYB, 4 3R-MYB types, 4 4R-MYB type, and 47 unknown types. Furthermore, these genes were further divided into 34 subgroups, with 28 of these subgroups successfully classified into known subfamilies found in Arabidopsis thaliana. By mapping the CnMYB genes onto the 16 chromosomes of the coconut genome, we unveiled a collinearity association between them. Moreover, a preservation of gene structure and motif distribution was observed across the CnMYB genes. Our research encompassed a thorough investigation of the R2R3-MYB genes present in the coconut genome, including the chromosomal localization, gene assembly, conserved regions, phylogenetic associations, and promoter cis-acting elements of the studied genes. Our findings revealed a collection of 12 R2R3-MYB candidate genes, namely CnMYB8, CnMYB15, CnMYB27, CnMYB28, CnMYB61, CnMYB63, CnMYB68, CnMYB94, CnMYB101, CnMYB150, CnMYB153, and CnMYB164. These genes showed differential expressions in diverse tissues and developmental stages of four coconut species, such as CnMYB68, CnMYB101, and CnMYB28 exhibited high expression in majority of tissues and coconut species, while CnMYB94 and CnMYB164 showed lower expression. These findings shed light on the crucial functional divergence of CnMYB genes across various coconut tissues, suggesting these genes as promising candidate genes for facilitating color development in this important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Shukuan Guo
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Yin Min Htwe
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Xiwei Sun
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Lixia Zhou
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Chunru Zeng
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Shuangyan Chen
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
- School of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Yaodong Yang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
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Rao X, Qian Z, Xie L, Wu H, Luo Q, Zhang Q, He L, Li F. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Pattern of MYB Family Transcription Factors in Erianthus fulvus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2128. [PMID: 38136950 PMCID: PMC10743048 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MYB family genes have many functions and are widely involved in plant abiotic-stress responses. Erianthus fulvus is an important donor material for stress-resistance genes in sugarcane breeding. However, the MYB family genes in E. fulvus have not been systematically investigated. In this study, 133 EfMYB genes, including 48 Ef1R-MYB, 84 EfR2R3-MYB and 1 Ef3R-MYB genes, were identified in the E. fulvus genome. Among them, the EfR2R3-MYB genes were classified into 20 subgroups. In addition, these EfMYB genes were unevenly distributed across 10 chromosomes. A total of 4 pairs of tandemly duplicated EfMYB genes and 21 pairs of segmentally duplicated EfMYB genes were identified in the E. fulvus genome. Protein-interaction analysis predicted that 24 EfMYB proteins had potential interactions with 14 other family proteins. The EfMYB promoter mainly contains cis-acting elements related to the hormone response, stress response, and light response. Expression analysis showed that EfMYB39, EfMYB84, and EfMYB124 could be significantly induced using low-temperature stress. EfMYB30, EfMYB70, EfMYB81, and EfMYB101 responded positively to drought stress. ABA treatment significantly induced EfMYB1, EfMYB30, EfMYB39, EfMYB84, and EfMYB130. All nine genes were induced using MeJA treatment. These results provide comprehensive information on EfMYB genes and can serve as a reference for further studies of gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibing Rao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhenfeng Qian
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Linyan Xie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Huaying Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Quan Luo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiyue Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Lilian He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fusheng Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.R.); (Z.Q.); (L.X.); (H.W.); (Q.L.); (Q.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650201, China
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Muhammad N, Luo Z, Zhao X, Yang M, Liu Z, Liu M. Transcriptome-wide expression analysis of MYB gene family leads to functional characterization of flavonoid biosynthesis in fruit coloration of Ziziphus Mill. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1171288. [PMID: 37251769 PMCID: PMC10213540 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1171288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. and Z. jujuba Mill. are the two most economically important members of the genus Ziziphus. The fruit color of Z. mauritiana remains green throughout fruit development in the majority of commercial cultivars, whereas its close relative, Z. jujuba Mill. turns from green to red in all cultivars. However, the lack of transcriptomic and genomic information confines our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit coloration in Z. mauritiana (Ber). In the present study, we performed the transcriptome-wide analysis of MYB transcription factors (TFs) genes in Z. mauritiana and Z. jujuba, and identified 56 ZmMYB and 60 ZjMYB TFs in Z. mauritiana and Z. jujuba, respectively. Through transcriptomic expression analysis, four similar MYB genes (ZmMYB/ZjMYB13, ZmMYB/ZjMYB44, ZmMYB/ZjMYB50, and ZmMYB/ZjMYB56) from Z. mauritiana and Z. jujuba were selected as candidate key genes regulating flavonoid biosynthesis. Among these genes, the ZjMYB44 gene was transiently highly expressed in fruit, and flavonoid content accumulation also increased, indicating that this gene can influence flavonoid content during the period of fruit coloration in Z. jujuba. The current study adds to our understanding of the classification of genes, motif structure, and predicted functions of the MYB TFs, as well as identifying MYBs that regulate flavonoid biosynthesis in Ziziphus (Z. mauritiana and Z. jujuba). Based on this information, we concluded that MYB44 is involved in the flavonoids biosynthesis pathway during the fruit coloring of Ziziphus. Our research results provide an important understanding of the molecular mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis resulting in fruit coloration and laying a foundation for further genetic improvement of fruit color in Ziziphus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Muhammad
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Meng Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Mengjun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Sun M, Xu QY, Zhu ZP, Liu PZ, Yu JX, Guo YX, Tang S, Yu ZF, Xiong AS. AgMYB5, an MYB transcription factor from celery, enhanced β-carotene synthesis and promoted drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:151. [PMID: 36941578 PMCID: PMC10029358 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water shortage caused by global warming seriously affects the yield and quality of vegetable crops. β-carotene, the lipid-soluble natural product with important pharmacological value, is abundant in celery. Transcription factor MYB family extensively disperses in plants and plays regulatory roles in carotenoid metabolism and water scarcity response. RESULTS Here, the AgMYB5 gene encoding 196 amino acids was amplified from celery cv. 'Jinnanshiqin'. In celery, the expression of AgMYB5 exhibited transactivation activity, tissue specificity, and drought-condition responsiveness. Further analysis proved that ectopic expression of AgMYB5 increased β-carotene content and promoted drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Moreover, AgMYB5 expression promoted β-carotene biosynthesis by triggering the expression of AtCRTISO and AtLCYB, which in turn increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and led to the decreased contents of H2O2 and MDA, and the inhibition of O2- generation. Meanwhile, β-carotene accumulation promoted endogenous ABA biosynthesis of transgenic Arabidopsis, which resulted in ABA-induced stomatal closing and delayed water loss. In addition, ectopic expression of AgMYB5 increased expression levels of AtERD1, AtP5CS1, AtRD22, and AtRD29. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated that AgMYB5 up-regulated β-carotene biosynthesis and drought tolerance of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Qin-Yi Xu
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhu
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei-Zhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Yu
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao-Xian Guo
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Tang
- College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Li W, Hao Z, Yang L, Xia H, Tu Z, Cui Z, Wu J, Li H. Genome-wide identification and characterization of LcCCR13 reveals its potential role in lignin biosynthesis in Liriodendron chinense. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1110639. [PMID: 36726672 PMCID: PMC9884966 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1110639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Wood formation is closely related to lignin biosynthesis. Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) catalyzes the conversion of cinnamoyl-CoA to cinnamaldehydes, which is the initiation of the lignin biosynthesis pathway and a crucial point in the manipulation of associated traits. Liriodendron chinense is an economically significant timber tree. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of wood formation in it remains unknown; even the number of LcCCR family members in this species is unclear. MATERIALS AND RESULTS This study aimed to perform a genome-wide identification of genes(s) involved in lignin biosynthesis in L. chinense via RT-qPCR assays and functional verification. Altogether, 13 LcCCR genes were identified that were divided into four major groups based on structural and phylogenetic features. The gene structures and motif compositions were strongly conserved between members of the same groups. Subsequently, the expression patterns analysis based on RNA-seq data indicated that LcCCR5/7/10/12/13 had high expression in the developing xylem at the stem (DXS). Furthermore, the RT-qPCR assays showed that LcCCR13 had the highest expression in the stem as compared to other tissues. Moreover, the overexpression of the LcCCR13 in transgenic tobacco plants caused an improvement in the CCR activity and lignin content, indicating that it plays a key role in lignin biosynthesis in the stems. DISCUSSION Our research lays a foundation for deeper investigation of the lignin synthesis and uncovers the genetic basis of wood formation in L. chinense.
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Pu Y, Wang C, Jiang Y, Wang X, Ai Y, Zhuang W. Metabolic profiling and transcriptome analysis provide insights into the accumulation of flavonoids in chayote fruit during storage. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1029745. [PMID: 36937343 PMCID: PMC10019507 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1029745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chayote (Sechium edulel) fruits are rich in flavonoids, folate, and low-calorie food. However, studies about the flavonoids and the corresponding regulatory mechanism of flavonoid synthesis in chayote fruits was still unclear. In present study, an integrated transcriptome and metabolite analysis of chayote fruits at three different storage stages were conducted to explore the flavonoid compositions and gene expression associated with flavonoid synthesis. Through the UPLC-MS/MS analysis, a total of 57 flavonoid compounds were detected. Of these, 42 flavonoid glycosides were significantly differential accumulation in chayote fruits at three different storage stages. Many genes associated with flavonoid synthesis were differentially expressed in chayote fruits at three different storage stages through RNA-seq analysis, including structural genes and some TFs. There was a high correlation between RNA-seq analysis and metabolite profiling, and the expression level of candidate genes in the flavonoid synthesis pathway were consistent with the dynamic changes of flavonoids. In addition, one R2R3-MYB transcription factor, FSG0057100, was defined as the critical regulatory gene of flavonoid synthesis. Furthermore, exogenous application of phenylalanine increased the total content of flavonoids and promoted some flavonoid biosynthesis-related gene expression in chayote fruits. The above results not only make us better understand the molecular mechanism of flavonoid synthesis in chayote fruits, but also contribute to the promotion and application of chayote products.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuTing Pu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China
| | - YongWen Jiang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - XiaoJing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: XiaoJing Wang,
| | - YuJie Ai
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
- YuJie Ai,
| | - WeiBing Zhuang
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-sen, Institute of Botany, Nanjing, China
- WeiBing Zhuang,
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Hussain Q, Zheng M, Chang W, Ashraf MF, Khan R, Asim M, Riaz MW, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Zhang R, Wu J. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of SnRK2 Gene Family in Dormant Vegetative Buds of Liriodendron chinense in Response to Abscisic Acid, Chilling, and Photoperiod. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081305. [PMID: 35893042 PMCID: PMC9331246 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases play an essential role in plants’ responses to environmental stress signals. SnRK2 (sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2) is a plant-specific protein kinase that plays a crucial role in abscisic acid and abiotic stress responses in some model plant species. In apple, corn, rice, pepper, grapevine, Arabidopsis thaliana, potato, and tomato, a genome-wide study of the SnRK2 protein family was performed earlier. The genome-wide comprehensive investigation was first revealed to categorize the SnRK2 genes in the Liriodendron chinense (L. chinense). The five SnRK2 genes found in the L. chinense genome were highlighted in this study. The structural gene variants, 3D structure, chromosomal distributions, motif analysis, phylogeny, subcellular localization, cis-regulatory elements, expression profiles in dormant buds, and photoperiod and chilling responses were all investigated in this research. The five SnRK2 genes from L. chinense were grouped into groups (I–IV) based on phylogeny analysis, with three being closely related to other species. Five hormones-, six stress-, two growths and biological process-, and two metabolic-related responsive elements were discovered by studying the cis-elements in the promoters. According to the expression analyses, all five genes were up- and down-regulated in response to abscisic acid (ABA), photoperiod, chilling, and chilling, as well as photoperiod treatments. Our findings gave insight into the SnRK2 family genes in L. chinense and opened up new study options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Manjia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wenwen Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9009 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (R.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (R.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence:
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Identification and Expression Analysis of R2R3-MYB Family Genes Associated with Salt Tolerance in Cyclocarya paliurus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073429. [PMID: 35408785 PMCID: PMC8998414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
R2R3-MYB transcription factors are most abundant in the MYB superfamily, while the R2R3-MYB genes play an important role in plant growth and development, especially in response to environmental stress. Cyclocarya paliurus is a multifunction tree species, and the existing resources cannot meet the requirement for its leaf production and medical use. Therefore, lands with some environmental stresses would be potential sites for developing C. paliurus plantations. However, the function of R2R3-MYB genes in C.paliurus in response to environmental stress remains unknown. In this study, to identify the roles of R2R3-MYB genes associated with salt stress response, 153 CpaMYB genes and their corresponding protein sequences were identified from the full-length transcriptome. Based on the comparison with MYB protein sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana, 69 R2R3-MYB proteins in C. paliurus were extracted for further screening combined with conserved functional domains. Furthermore, the MYB family members were analyzed from the aspects of protein sequences alignment, evolution, motif prediction, promoter cis-acting element analysis, and gene differential expression under different salt treatments using both a pot experiment and hydroponic experiment. The results showed that the R2R3-MYB genes of C.paliurus conserved functional domains, whereas four R2R3-MYB genes that might respond to salt stress via regulating plant hormone signals were identified in this study. This work provides a basis for further functional characterization of R2R3-MYB TFs in C. paliurus.
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Genome-Wide Comparative Analysis of the R2R3-MYB Gene Family in Five Solanaceae Species and Identification of Members Regulating Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Wolfberry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042259. [PMID: 35216373 PMCID: PMC8875911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The R2R3-MYB is a large gene family involved in various plant functions, including carotenoid biosynthesis. However, this gene family lacks a comprehensive analysis in wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) and other Solanaceae species. The recent sequencing of the wolfberry genome provides an opportunity for investigating the organization and evolutionary characteristics of R2R3-MYB genes in wolfberry and other Solanaceae species. A total of 610 R2R3-MYB genes were identified in five Solanaceae species, including 137 in wolfberry. The LbaR2R3-MYB genes were grouped into 31 subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis, conserved gene structures, and motif composition. Five groups only of Solanaceae R2R3-MYB genes were functionally divergent during evolution. Dispersed and whole duplication events are critical for expanding the R2R3-MYB gene family. There were 287 orthologous gene pairs between wolfberry and the other four selected Solanaceae species. RNA-seq analysis identified the expression level of LbaR2R3-MYB differential gene expression (DEGs) and carotenoid biosynthesis genes (CBGs) in fruit development stages. The highly expressed LbaR2R3-MYB genes are co-expressed with CBGs during fruit development. A quantitative Real-Time (qRT)-PCR verified seven selected candidate genes. Thus, Lba11g0183 and Lba02g01219 are candidate genes regulating carotenoid biosynthesis in wolfberry. This study elucidates the evolution and function of R2R3-MYB genes in wolfberry and the four Solanaceae species.
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