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Javid M, Ullah S, Amin F, Shah W, Malik T, Alwahibi MS, Waheed A, Ercisli S, Ali B. Computing the effects of temperature and osmotic stress on the seed germination of Helianthus annuus L. by using a mathematical model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9978. [PMID: 38693252 PMCID: PMC11063032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
An extremely important oil crop in the world, Helianthus annuus L. is one of the world's most significant members of the Asteraceae family. The rate and extent of seed germination and agronomic features are consistently affecting by temperature (T) and changes in water potential (ψ). A broad hydrothermal time model with T and ψ components could explain sunflower responses over suboptimal T and ψ. A lab experiment was performed using the HTT model to discover both T and ψ and their interactive effects on sunflower germination and also to figure out the cardinal Ts values. The sunflower seeds were germinated at temperatures (15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C); each Ts had five constant ψs of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 MPa via PEG 6000 as osmotic stress inducer. The results revealed that highest germination index was found in seed grown at 20 °C in distilled water (0 MPa) and the lowest at 30 °C with osmotic stress of (- 1.2 MPa). The highest value of germination rate index was found in seed grown at 20 °C in distilled water (0 MPa) and the lowest at 15 °C with an osmotic stress of (- 1.2 MPa). In conclusion, water potential, temperature, and their interactions have a considerable impact on seed germination rate, and other metrics (GI, SVI-I, GRI, GE, SVI-II, and MGT). Seeds sown at 20 °C with zero water potential showed high germination metrics such as GE, GP, GRI, and T50%. The maximum value to TTsub noted at 30 °C in - 0.9 MPa osmotic stress and the minimum value was calculated at 15 °C in - 1.2 MPa osmotic stress. The result of TTsupra recorded highest at 15 °C in controlled group (0 MPa). Moreover, θH was highest at 30 °C in controlled condition (0 MPa) and minimum value was observed at 20 °C under - 1.2 MPa osmotic stress. The value of θHTT were maximum at 30 °C in controlled group (0 MPa) and minimum value was recorded at 15 °C under - 1.2 MPa osmotic potential. The base, optimum and ceiling temperatures for sunflower germination metrics in this experiment were noted 6.8, 20 and 30 °C respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Javid
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Fazal Amin
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Wadood Shah
- Biological Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Tabarak Malik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
- Adjucnt Faculty, Division of Research & Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Waheed
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518124, China
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
- HGF Agro, Ata Teknokent, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Ali M, Aslam A, Qadeer A, Javied S, Nisar N, Hassan N, Hussain A, Ali B, Iqbal R, Chaudhary T, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. Domestic wastewater treatment by Pistia stratiotes in constructed wetland. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7553. [PMID: 38555358 PMCID: PMC10981706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of Pistia stratiotes for treatment of domestic wastewater in a free surface water flow constructed wetland. The objective of the study was to evaluate contaminants removal efficiency of the constructed wetland vegetated with P. stratiotes in treatment of domestic wastewater against Hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10, 20 and 30 days was investigated. This asks for newer and efficient low-cost nature-based water treatment system which along with cost takes into consideration the sustainability of the ecosystem. Five constructed wetland setups improved the wastewater quality and purify it significantly by reducing the TDS by 83%, TSS by 82%, BOD by 82%, COD by 81%, Chloride by 80%, Sulfate by 77%, NH3 by 84% and Total Oil and Grease by 74%. There was an increase in pH of about 11.9%. Color and odor of wastewater was also improved significantly and effectively. It was observed that 30 days' HRT was optimum for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The final effluent was found to be suitable as per national environmental quality standards and recycled for watering plants and crop irrigation but not for drinking purposes. The treatment in constructed wetland system was found to be economical, as the cost of construction only was involved and operational and maintenance cost very minimal. Even this research was conducted on the sole purpose of commuting the efficiency of pollutant removal in short span time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ali
- Environmental Sciences Department, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Aslam
- Environmental Sciences Department, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Qadeer
- Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, 76060, Pakistan
| | - Sabiha Javied
- Environmental Sciences Department, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Numrah Nisar
- Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nayyer Hassan
- English Department, University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Environmental Sciences Department, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Talha Chaudhary
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Godollo, 2100, Hungary.
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shah SSA, Asif AR, Ilahi M, Haroon H, Islam I, Qadir A, Nisar I, Sani MMU, Iqbal R, Rahman MHU, Arslan M, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ditta A. Geographical distribution of radon and associated health risks in drinking water samples collected from the Mulazai area of Peshawar, Pakistan. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6042. [PMID: 38472226 PMCID: PMC10933375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Geospatial methods, such as GIS and remote sensing, map radon levels, pinpoint high-risk areas and connect geological traits to radon presence. These findings direct health planning, focusing tests, mitigation, and policies where radon levels are high. Overall, geospatial analyses offer vital insights, shaping interventions and policies to reduce health risks from radon exposure. There is a formidable threat to human well-being posed by the naturally occurring carcinogenic radon (222Rn) gas due to high solubility in water. Under the current scenario, it is crucial to assess the extent of 222Rn pollution in our drinking water sources across various regions and thoroughly investigate the potential health hazards it poses. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the concentration of 222Rn in groundwater samples collected from handpumps and wells and to estimate health risks associated with the consumption of 222Rn-contaminated water. For this purpose, groundwater samples (n = 30) were collected from handpumps, and wells located in the Mulazai area, District Peshawar. The RAD7 radon detector was used as per international standards to assess the concentration of 222Rn in the collected water samples. The results unveiled that the levels of 222Rn in the collected samples exceeded the acceptable thresholds set by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) of 11.1 Bq L-1. Nevertheless, it was determined that the average annual dose was below the recommended limit of 0.1 mSv per year, as advised by both the European Union Council and the World Health Organization. In order to avoid the harmful effects of such excessive 222Rn concentrations on human health, proper ventilation and storage of water in storage reservoirs for a long time before use is recommended to lower the 222Rn concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Samran Ali Shah
- School of Computing and Engineering, University of West London, Ealing, London, UK
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rahim Asif
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ilahi
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
- GIS & Space Applications in Geosciences (G-SAG) Lab, National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Haroon
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ihtisham Islam
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
- Department of Geology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (U), 18000, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Qadir
- Pakistan Museum of Natural History, Shakarparian National Park, Garden Ave, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Nisar
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | | | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Agroecology and Organic Farming Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Crop Science, INRES, University of Bonn, Germany, Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Agroecology and Organic Farming Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Allah Ditta
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (U), 18000, Pakistan.
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Shahid H, Hyder S, Naeem M, Sehar A, Gondal AS, Rizvi ZF, Iqbal R, Habib Ur Rahman M, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ayaz M, Arslan M, de Los Santos-Villalobos S, Montoya-Martínez AC. Impact of climate change on potential distribution of Dickeya zeae causal agent of stalk rot of maize in Sialkot district Pakistan. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2614. [PMID: 38297010 PMCID: PMC10830500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) is an influential crop in its production across the world. However, the invasion of many phytopathogens greatly affects the maize crop yield at various hotspot areas. Of many diseases, bacterial stalk rot of maize caused by Dickeya zeae results in severe yield reduction, thus the need for efficient management is important. Further, to produce epidemiological information for control of disease outbreaks in the hot spot regions of Sialkot District, Punjab Pakistan, extensive field surveys during 2021 showed that out of 266 visited areas, the highest disease incidence ranging from 66.5 to 78.5% while the lowest incidence was ranging from 9 to 20%. The Maxent modeling revealed that among 19 environmental variables, four variables including temperature seasonality (bio-4), mean temperature of the wettest quarter (bio-8), annual precipitation (bio-12), and precipitation of driest month (bio-14) were significantly contributing to disease distribution in current and coming years. The study outcomes revealed that disease spread will likely increase across four tehsils of Sialkot over the years 2050 and 2070. Our findings will be helpful to policymakers and researchers in devising effective disease management strategies against bacterial stalk rot of maize outbreaks in Sialkot, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Shahid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Zoology, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Anam Sehar
- Department of Student Affairs and Counselling, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Shahzad Gondal
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawapur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (IPBB), MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture, Instituto Al. 1, 58344, Akademija, Kėdainiai Dist., Lithuania
- Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy Bioeconomy Research Institute, Studentų Str. 11, 53361, Akademija, Kauno R., Lithuania
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Institute of Agroecology and Organic Farming Group, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | | | - Amelia C Montoya-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Agronomicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Tecnologico de Sonora, 85010, Ciudad Obregon, SO, Mexico
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Zeb B, Ditta A, Alam K, Sorooshian A, Din BU, Iqbal R, Habib Ur Rahman M, Raza A, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. Wintertime investigation of PM 10 concentrations, sources, and relationship with different meteorological parameters. Sci Rep 2024; 14:154. [PMID: 38167892 PMCID: PMC10761681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Meteorological factors play a crucial role in affecting air quality in the urban environment. Peshawar is the capital city of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan and is a pollution hotspot. Sources of PM10 and the influence of meteorological factors on PM10 in this megacity have yet to be studied. The current study aims to investigate PM10 mass concentration levels and composition, identify PM10 sources, and quantify links between PM10 and various meteorological parameters like temperature, relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), and rainfall (RF) during the winter months from December 2017 to February 2018. PM10 mass concentrations vary from 180 - 1071 µg m-3, with a mean value of 586 ± 217 µg m-3. The highest concentration is observed in December, followed by January and February. The average values of the mass concentration of carbonaceous species (i.e., total carbon, organic carbon, and elemental carbon) are 102.41, 91.56, and 6.72 μgm-3, respectively. Water-soluble ions adhere to the following concentration order: Ca2+ > Na+ > K+ > NH4+ > Mg2+. Twenty-four elements (Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Co, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Kr, Ag, Pb, Cu, and Cd) are detected in the current study by PIXE analysis. Five sources based on Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) modeling include industrial emissions, soil and re-suspended dust, household combustion, metallurgic industries, and vehicular emission. A positive relationship of PM10 with temperature and relative humidity is observed (r = 0.46 and r = 0.56, respectively). A negative correlation of PM10 is recorded with WS (r = - 0.27) and RF (r = - 0.46). This study's results motivate routine air quality monitoring owing to the high levels of pollution in this region. For this purpose, the establishment of air monitoring stations is highly suggested for both PM and meteorology. Air quality standards and legislation need to be revised and implemented. Moreover, the development of effective control strategies for air pollution is highly suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahadar Zeb
- Department of Mathematics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (Upper), 18000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Allah Ditta
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (U), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18000, Pakistan.
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Khan Alam
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Badshah Ud Din
- University Boys College, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (U), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ahsan Raza
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Radhakrishnan N, Karthi S, Raghuraman P, Ganesan R, Srinivasan K, Edwin ES, Ganesh-Kumar S, Mohd Esa N, Senthil-Nathan S, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Krutmuangh P, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. Chemical screening and mosquitocidal activity of essential oil derived from Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. against Anopheles gambiae Giles and their non-toxicity on mosquito predators. All Life 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2023.2169959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Bio pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Pandiyan Raghuraman
- Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumaraswamy Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Edward-Sam Edwin
- Department of Microbiology, Division of Virology & Molecular Biology, St. Peter’s Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Hosur, India
| | - Selvaraj Ganesh-Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Norhaizan Mohd Esa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Patcharin Krutmuangh
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Haq IU, Azam N, Ashraf M, Javaid MM, Murtaza G, Ahmed Z, Riaz MA, Iqbal R, Habib Ur Rahman M, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Aslam MU, Arslan M. Improving the genetic potential of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) germplasm to tolerate salinity stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21504. [PMID: 38057336 PMCID: PMC10700504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is the most consumed vegetable worldwide with the potential for diverse ecological adaptation. However, increasing salinization and changing climatic conditions are posing serious threats to the growth, yield, and quality of okra. Therefore, to mitigate increasing soil salinization and ensure sustainable okra production under rapidly changing climatic conditions, evaluation of new okra germplasm to develop salt tolerant cultivars is direly needed. The present study was designed to evaluate the genetic resources of okra genotypes for salt tolerance at growth and reproductive phases. Based on mophological and physio-biochemical responses of plants under stress condition, genotypes were divided into salt tolerant and succeptible groups. The experiment was comprised of 100 okra genotypes and each genotype was grown under control conditions and 6.5 dS m-1 NaCl concentration in a pot having 10 kg capacity. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated three times. The results showed vast genetic variability among the evaluated okra germplasm traits like days to emergence, pod length, pod diameter, plant height, stem girth, and other yield-related parameters. Correlation analysis showed a highly significant positive association among the number of leaves at first flower and plant height at first flower.Likewise, pod weight also revealed a highly significant positive relationship for pod weight plant-1, pod length, and K+: Na+. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that out of 16 principal components (PCs), five components showed more than one eigenvalue and the first six PCs contributed 67.2% of the variation. Bi-plot analysis illustrated that genotypes 95, 111, 133, 99, and 128, under salt stress conditions, exhibited both high yield per plant and salt-tolerant behavior in other yield-related traits. On the basis of all studied traits, a salt susceptible group and a salt-tolerant group were formed. The salt tolerant group comprised of 97, 68, 95, 114, 64, 99, 111, 133, 128, and 109 genotypes, whereas, the salt susceptible group contained 137, 139, 130, 94, and 125 genotypes. Salt-tolerant okra genotypes were suggested to be used in further breeding programs aimed to develop salt tolerance in okra. These insights will empower precision breeding, underscore the importance of genetic diversity, and bear the potential to address the challenges of salt-affected soils while promoting broader agricultural resilience, economic prosperity, and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Ul Haq
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Noman Azam
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mansoor Javaid
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, China.
| | - Muhammad Asam Riaz
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 41000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS-University of Agricultural, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman Aslam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Anwar T, Munwwar F, Qureshi H, Siddiqi EH, Hanif A, Anwaar S, Gul S, Waheed A, Alwahibi MS, Kamal A. Synergistic effect of biochar-based compounds from vegetable wastes and gibberellic acid on wheat growth under salinity stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19024. [PMID: 37923861 PMCID: PMC10624671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization is a prevalent form of land degradation particularly in water-deficient regions threatening agricultural sustainability. Present desalinization methods demand excessive water use. Biochar has been recognized as a potential remedy for saline soils and Gibberellic acids (GA3) are known to mediate various biochemical processes aiding in stress mitigation. This study was undertaken at The Islamia University of Bahawalpur during winter 2022-23 to explore the combined effect of biochar and GA3 on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in saline conditions. Employing a fully randomized design wheat seeds in 24 pots were subjected to two salinity levels with three replications across eight treatments: T1 to T8 ranging from controls with different soil electrical conductivities (ECs) to treatments involving combinations of GA3, biochar and varying soil ECs. These treatments included T1 (control with soil EC of 2.43dS/m), T2 (salinity stress with soil EC of 5.11dS/m), T3 (10 ppm GA3 with soil EC of 2.43dS/m), T4 (10 ppm GA3 with soil EC of 5.11dS/m), T5 (0.75% Biochar with soil EC of 2.43dS/m), T6 (0.75% Biochar with soil EC of 5.11dS/m), T7 (10 ppm GA3 combined with 0.75% biochar at soil EC of 2.43dS/m) and T8 (10 ppm GA3 plus 0.75% biochar at soil EC of 5.11dS/m). The results indicated that the combined applications of GA3 and biochar significantly enhanced plant growth in saline conditions viz. germination rate by 73%, shoot length of 15.54 cm, root length of 4.96 cm, plant height of 16.89 cm, shoot fresh weight 43.18 g, shoot dry weight 11.57 g, root fresh weight 24.26 g, root dry weight 9.31 g, plant water content 60.77%, photosynthetic rate 18.58(CO2 m-2 s-1) carotenoid 3.03 g, chlorophyll a 1.01 g, chlorophyll b 0.69 g, total chlorophyll contents by 1.9 g as compared to the control. The findings suggest that the combined application of these agents offers a sustainable and effective strategy for cultivating wheat in saline soils. The synergy between biochar and GA3 presents a promising avenue for sustainable wheat cultivation in saline conditions. This combined approach not only improves plant growth but also offers an innovative, water-efficient solution for enhancing agricultural productivity in saline-affected regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauseef Anwar
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (Baghdad ul Jadeed Campus), Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Fahmida Munwwar
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (Baghdad ul Jadeed Campus), Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Huma Qureshi
- Department of Botany, University of Chakwal, Chakwal, 48800, Pakistan
| | | | - Asma Hanif
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Bahawalpur, 62300, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Anwaar
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sarah Gul
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Waheed
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518124, China
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asif Kamal
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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9
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Hassan A, Akram W, Rizwana H, Aftab ZEH, Hanif S, Anjum T, Alwahibi MS. The Imperative Use of Bacillus Consortium and Quercetin Contributes to Suppress Fusarium Wilt Disease by Direct Antagonism and Induced Resistance. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2603. [PMID: 37894261 PMCID: PMC10609423 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt diseases severely influence the growth and productivity of numerous crop plants. The consortium of antagonistic rhizospheric Bacillus strains and quercetin were evaluated imperatively as a possible remedy to effectively manage the Fusarium wilt disease of tomato plants. The selection of Bacillus strains was made based on in-vitro antagonistic bioassays against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycoprsici (FOL). Quercetin was selected after screening a library of phytochemicals during in-silico molecular docking analysis using tomato LysM receptor kinases "SILKY12" based on its dual role in symbiosis and plant defense responses. After the selection of test materials, pot trials were conducted where tomato plants were provided consortium of Bacillus strains as soil drenching and quercetin as a foliar spray in different concentrations. The combined application of consortium (Bacillus velezensis strain BS6, Bacillus thuringiensis strain BS7, Bacillus fortis strain BS9) and quercetin (1.0 mM) reduced the Fusarium wilt disease index up to 69%, also resulting in increased plant growth attributes. Likewise, the imperative application of the Bacillus consortium and quercetin (1.0 mM) significantly increased total phenolic contents and activities of the enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed to investigate the perturbation in metabolites. FOL pathogen negatively affected a range of metabolites including carbohydrates, amino acids, phenylpropanoids, and organic acids. Thereinto, combined treatment of Bacillus consortium and quercetin (1.0 mM) ameliorated the production of different metabolites in tomato plants. These findings prove the imperative use of Bacillus consortium and quercetin as an effective and sustainable remedy to manage Fusarium wilt disease of tomato plants and to promote the growth of tomato plants under pathogen stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hassan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Akram
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Rizwana
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zill-E-Huma Aftab
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Sana Hanif
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Tehmina Anjum
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Zhao S, Kamran M, Rizwan M, Ali S, Yan L, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Riaz M. Regulation of proline metabolism, AsA-GSH cycle, cadmium uptake and subcellular distribution in Brassica napus L. under the effect of nano-silicon. Environ Pollut 2023; 335:122321. [PMID: 37544403 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is known to have detrimental effects on plant growth and human health. Recent studies showed that silicon nanoparticles (SNPs) can decrease Cd toxicity in plants. Therefore, a study was conducted using 50 μM Cd and 1.50 mM SNPs to investigate Cd uptake, subcellular distribution, proline (Pro) metabolism, and the antioxidant defense system in rapeseed seedlings. In this study, results indicated that Cd stress negatively affected rapeseed growth, and high Cd contents accumulated in both shoots and roots. However, SNPs significantly decreased Cd contents in shoots and roots. Moreover, substantial increases were found in root fresh weight by 40.6% and dry weight by 46.6%, as well as shoot fresh weight by 60.1% and dry weight by 113.7% with the addition of SNPs. Furthermore, the addition of SNPs alleviated oxidative injury by maintaining the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle and increased Pro biosynthesis which could be due to high activities of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS) and reductase (P5CR) and decreased proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) activity. Furthermore, the addition of SNPs accumulated Cd in the soluble fraction (42%) and cell wall (45%). Results indicate that SNPs effectively reduce Cd toxicity in rapeseed seedlings which may be effective in promoting both rapeseed productivity and human health preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Zhao
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Agricultural Producing Areas, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Muhamamd Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Agricultural Producing Areas, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
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11
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Rizwana H, Aljowaie RM, Al Otibi F, Alwahibi MS, Alharbi SA, Al Asmari SA, Aldosari NS, Aldehaish HA. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of the silver nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extracts of coconut meat (Cocos nucifera L). Sci Rep 2023; 13:16270. [PMID: 37758773 PMCID: PMC10533512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pathogenic fungi and bacteria pose a huge threat to human life, accounting for high rates of mortality every year. Unfortunately, the past few years have seen an upsurge in multidrug resistance pathogens. Consequently, finding an effective alternative antimicrobial agent is of utmost importance. Hence, this study aimed to phytofabricate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of the solid endosperm of Cocos nucifera L, also known as coconut meat (Cm). Green synthesis is a facile, cost-effective and eco-friendly methods which has several benefits over other physical and chemical methods. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The Cm-AgNPs showed a UV-Vis peak at 435 nm and were crystalline and quasi-spherical, with an average size of 15 nm. The FTIR spectrum displayed functional groups of phenols, alkaloids, sugars, amines, and carbonyl compounds, which are vital in the reduction and capping of NPs. The antibacterial and anticandidal efficacy of the Cm-AgNPs was assessed by the agar-well diffusion method and expressed as a zone of inhibition (ZOI). Amongst all the test isolates, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida auris, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis were more susceptible to the NPs with a ZOI of 26.33 ± 0.57 mm, 19.33 ± 0.57 mm, and 18 ± 0.76 mm. The MIC and MFC values for Candida spp. were higher than the bacterial test isolates. Scanning electron microscopic studies of all the test isolates at their MIC concentrations showed drastically altered cell morphology, indicating that the NPs could successfully cross the cell barrier and damage the cell integrity, causing cell death. This study reports the efficacy of Cm-AgNPs against several Candida and bacterial strains, which had not been reported in earlier studies. Furthermore, the synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antioxidant activity. Thus, the findings of this study strongly imply that the Cm-AgNPs can serve as promising candidates for therapeutic applications, especially against multidrug-resistant isolates of Candida and bacteria. However, further investigation is needed to understand the mode of action and biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Rizwana
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reem M Aljowaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Al Otibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Ali Alharbi
- Department of Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Regional Laboratory, 14969, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ali Al Asmari
- Department of Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Regional Laboratory, 14969, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura S Aldosari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Horiah A Aldehaish
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Raza MAS, Ibrahim MA, Ditta A, Iqbal R, Aslam MU, Muhammad F, Ali S, Çiğ F, Ali B, Muhammad Ikram R, Muzamil MN, Rahman MHU, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. Exploring the recuperative potential of brassinosteroids and nano-biochar on growth, physiology, and yield of wheat under drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15015. [PMID: 37696905 PMCID: PMC10495435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress as a result of rapidly changing climatic conditions has a direct negative impact on crop production especially wheat which is the 2nd staple food crop. To fulfill the nutritional demand under rapidly declining water resources, there is a dire need to adopt a precise, and efficient approach in the form of different amendments. In this regard, the present study investigated the impact of nano-biochar (NBC) and brassinosteroids (BR) in enhancing the growth and productivity of wheat under different drought stress conditions. The field study comprised different combinations of amendments (control, NBC, BR, and NBC + BR) under three irrigation levels (D0, D1 and D2). Among different treatments, the synergistic approach (NBC + BR) resulted in the maximum increase in different growth and yield parameters under normal as well as drought stress conditions. With synergistic approach (NBC + BR), the maximum plant height (71.7 cm), spike length (17.1), number of fertile tillers m-2 (410), no. of spikelets spike-1 (19.1), no. of grains spike-1 (37.9), 1000 grain weight (37 g), grain yield (4079 kg ha-1), biological yield (10,502 kg ha-1), harvest index (43.5). In the case of physiological parameters such as leaf area index, relative water contents, chlorophyll contents, and stomatal conductance were maximally improved with the combined application of NBC and BR. The same treatment caused an increase of 54, 10, and 7% in N, P, and K contents in grains, respectively compared to the control treatment. Similarly, the antioxidant response was enhanced in wheat plants under drought stress with the combined application of NBC and BR. In conclusion, the combined application of NBC and BR caused a significant increase in the growth, physiological and yield attributes of wheat under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Arif Ibrahim
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Allah Ditta
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir (U), Sheringal, KPK, Pakistan
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Aslam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Faqeer Muhammad
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Fatih Çiğ
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan.
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (IPBB), MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Abaza ASD, Elshamly AMS, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ditta A. Impact of different sowing dates and irrigation levels on NPK absorption, yield and water use efficiency of maize. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12956. [PMID: 37563236 PMCID: PMC10415405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Upper Egypt experiences high temperatures during summer and low temperatures during winter, which significantly impacts the sowing dates of maize in this region. The productivity of maize crops and water use efficiency can be greatly affected by water stress and sowing dates (SDs). Therefore, it is crucial to determine the optimal irrigation level and SDs based on local conditions. To assess the effects, two irrigation levels were employed: (1) control (full irrigation water applied) and (2) 70% of irrigation water. Field experiments were conducted at the National Water Research Center's water studies and research complex station in Toshka. The aim was to evaluate two irrigation levels (full and limited irrigation) across five SDs (early: mid-February and March, normal: mid-June, and late: mid-August and September) in both 2019 and 2020, in order to identify the ideal sowing date (SD) and irrigation level. The normal SD resulted in an increased the growth season length between plant emergence and maturity. Conversely, the late SD reduced the number of days until plant maturity, resulting in higher grain yields and water use efficiency (WUE). Notably, the SD in September, coupled with the 70% irrigation level, yielded the highest productivity and WUE, with a productivity of 7014 kg ha-1 and a WUE of 0. 9 kg m-3. Based on the findings, it is recommended that regions with similar conditions consider cultivating maize seeds in September, adopting a 70% irrigation level, to achieve optimal N uptake, growth traits (plant height, ear length, ear weight, number of rows per ear, and grain index weight), yield, and WUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S D Abaza
- Water Studies and Research Complex, National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ayman M S Elshamly
- Water Studies and Research Complex, National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Allah Ditta
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal Dir (U), Dir Upper, KPK, Pakistan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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14
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Din I, Khan S, Khan FU, Khan M, Khan MN, Hafeez A, Wahab S, Wahid N, Ali B, Qasim UB, Manan F, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S, Khalifa EMA. Genetic Characterization of Advance Bread Wheat Lines for Yield and Stripe Rust Resistance. ACS Omega 2023; 8:25988-25998. [PMID: 37521679 PMCID: PMC10372943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a prominent grain crop. The goal of the current experiment was to examine the genetic potential of advanced bread wheat genotypes for yield and stripe rust resistance. Ninety-three bread wheat genotypes including three varieties (Kohat-2017, Pakistan-2013, and Morocco) were field tested in augmented design as observational nurseries at three locations (i.e., Kohat, Nowshera, and Peshawar) during the 2018-19 crop season. Various parameters related to yield and stripe rust resistance showed significant differences among genotypes for most of the characters with few exceptions. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations for all the genotypes for all the traits at all three sites with few exceptions where nonsignificant differences were noticed among genotypes. Averaged over three locations, genotypes exhibiting maximum desirable values for yield and yield components were KT-86 (325 tillers) for tillers m-2, KT-50 (2.86 g) for grain weight spike-1, KT-49 (41.6 g) for 1000-grain weight, KT-50 (74 grains) for grains spikes-1, KT-55 (4.76 g) for spike weight, and KT-36 and KT-072 (4586 kg ha-1) for grain yield. Correlation analysis revealed that grain yield had a significant positive correlation with grain spike-1 and grain weight spike-1 at Kohat, with grains spike-1, tillers m-2, and grain weight spike-1 at Nowshera, and with plant height, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, and tillers m-2 at Peshawar. Molecular marker data and host response in the field at the adult stage revealed that Yr15 and Yr10 are both still effective in providing adequate resistance to wheat against prevalent races of stripe rust. Four lines showing desirable lower average coefficient of infection (ACI) values without carrying Yr15 and Yr10 genes show the presence of unique/new resistance gene(s) in the genetic composition of these four lines. Genotype KT-072 (4586 kg ha-1 and 1.3 ACI), KT-07 (4416 kg ha-1 and 4.3 ACI), KT-10 (4346 kg ha-1 and 1.0 ACI), and KT-62 (4338 kg ha-1 and 2.7 ACI) showed maximum values for grain yield and low desirable ACI values, and these lines could be recommended for general cultivation after procedural requirements of variety release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israr
Ud Din
- The
University of Agriculture Peshawar, Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department
of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Ullah Khan
- Department
of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Majid Khan
- The
University of Agriculture Peshawar, Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nauman Khan
- Department
of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
- University
Public School, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sana Wahab
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nazima Wahid
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Umair Bin Qasim
- Department
of Plant Breeding & Genetics, The University
of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Manan
- Department
of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United
States
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
| | - Ebaa Mohamed Ali Khalifa
- Agriculture
Research Center, Wheat Research Department, Field Crop Research Institute, Giza 3725005, Egypt
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15
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Rasool A, Ghani A, Nawaz R, Ahmad S, Shahzad K, Rebi A, Ali B, Zhou J, Ahmad MI, Tahir MF, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S. Effects of Poultry Manure on the Growth, Physiology, Yield, and Yield-Related Traits of Maize Varieties. ACS Omega 2023; 8:25766-25779. [PMID: 37521629 PMCID: PMC10373454 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Industries play a significant role in the improvement of lifestyle and in the development of a country. However, the byproducts from these industries are a source of environmental pollution. The proper use of the byproducts of these industries can help to cope with environmental pollution. Some byproducts have high nutritional content and are good for crop plants. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of different rates of poultry manure on the soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. A pot experiment was conducted in the botanical garden of the Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Pakistan to investigate the effect of various treatments of poultry manure (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g/pot) on the morphological, physiological, and yield attributes of two maize varieties, Pearl and MMRI. Treatment T1 was a mixture of soil and 75 g/pot poultry manure, T2 was a mixture of soil and 50 g/pot poultry manure, T3 was a mixture of soil and 25 g/pot poultry manure, and T4 was 100 g/pot poultry manure. Soil without any industrial byproduct (100% soil only) was used as the control (T0). The results revealed that the use of poultry manure enhanced the physical properties of the soil. Available P and soil organic matter were improved in soil amended with poultry manure. It is evident from the results that the vegetative growth of both maize varieties was significantly enhanced by growing in soil amended with poultry manure as compared to their respective control. Similar responses were also recorded for the physiological attributes of leaf area, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency of both varieties. Yield and yield-contributing traits of both maize varieties were significantly improved by growing plants in soil amended with 50 and 75 g/pot of poultry manure. It is also inferred that the use of 50 g/pot poultry manure in soil amendment is an eco-friendly and economically effective option for maize growers of arid and semiarid regions to enhance the kernel yield and profit per annum. Poultry manure could be useful to ameliorate the adverse effects of salinity stress on all parameters, particularly the grain yield. Furthermore, this would be a useful and economical method for the safe disposal of byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Rasool
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghani
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Saliha Ahmad
- Department
of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7078, United
States
| | - Khurram Shahzad
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ansa Rebi
- Jianshui
Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jinxing Zhou
- Jianshui
Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Muhammad Faran Tahir
- Department
of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
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16
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Abeed AA, Saleem MH, Asghar MA, Mumtaz S, Ameer A, Ali B, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S, Elsharkawy MM, Ali S, Soudy FA. Ameliorative Effects of Exogenous Potassium Nitrate on Antioxidant Defense System and Mineral Nutrient Uptake in Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) under Salinity Stress. ACS Omega 2023; 8:22575-22588. [PMID: 37396242 PMCID: PMC10308581 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization has become a major issue around the world in recent years, as it is one of the consequences of climate change as sea levels rise. It is crucial to lessen the severe consequences of soil salinization on plants. A pot experiment was conducted to regulate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in order to evaluate the ameliorative effects of potassium nitrate (KNO3) on Raphanus sativus L. genotypes under salt stress. The results from the present study illustrated that the salinity stress induced a significant decrease in shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, number of leaves per plant, leaf area chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate by 43, 67, 41, 21, 34, 28, 74, 91, 50, 41, 24, 34, 14, 26, and 67%, respectively, in a 40 day radish while decreased by 34, 61, 49, 19, 31, 27, 70, 81, 41, 16, 31, 11, 21, and 62%, respectively, in Mino radish. Furthermore, MDA, H2O2 initiation, and EL (%) of two varieties (40 day radish and Mino radish) of R. sativus increased significantly (P < 0.05) by 86, 26, and 72%, respectively, in the roots and also increased by 76, 106, and 38% in the leaves in a 40 day radish, compared to the untreated plants. The results also elucidated that the contents of phenolic, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin in the two varieties (40 day radish and Mino radish) of R. sativus increased with the exogenous application of KNO3 by 41, 43, 24, and 37%, respectively, in the 40 day radish grown under the controlled treatments. Results indicated that implementing KNO3 exogenously in the soil increased the activities of antioxidants like SOD, CAT, POD, and APX by 64, 24, 36, and 84% in the roots and also increased by 21, 12, 23, and 60% in the leaves of 40 day radish while also increased by 42, 13, 18, and 60% in the roots and also increased by 13, 14, 16, and 41% in the leaves in Mino radish, respectively, in comparison to those plants grown without KNO3. We found that KNO3 substantially improved plant growth by lowering the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, thereby further stimulating the antioxidant potential system, which led to an improved nutritional profile of both R. sativus L. genotypes under normal and stressed conditions. The current study would offer a deep theoretical foundation for clarifying the physiological and biochemical mechanisms by which the KNO3 improves salt tolerance in R. sativus L. genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany
H. A. Abeed
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office
of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- Department
of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute,
Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Brunszvik U. 2, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Sahar Mumtaz
- Department
of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Amina Ameer
- Department
of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy
- Department
of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr
el-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department
of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department
of Biological Sciences and Technology, China
Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
| | - Fathia A. Soudy
- Genetics
and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, Egypt
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17
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Kakar H, Ullah S, Shah W, Ali B, Satti SZ, Ullah R, Muhammad Z, Eldin SM, Ali I, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S. Seed Priming Modulates Physiological and Agronomic Attributes of Maize ( Zea mays L.) under Induced Polyethylene Glycol Osmotic Stress. ACS Omega 2023; 8:22788-22808. [PMID: 37396236 PMCID: PMC10308401 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought and osmotic stresses are major threats to agricultural crops as they affect plants during their life cycle. The seeds are more susceptible to these stresses during germination and establishment of seedlings. To cope with these abiotic stresses, various seed priming techniques have broadly been used. The present study aimed to assess seed priming techniques under osmotic stress. Osmo-priming with chitosan (1 and 2%), hydro-priming with distilled water, and thermo-priming at 4 °C were used on the physiology and agronomy of Zea mays L. under polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000)-induced osmotic stress (-0.2 and -0.4 MPa). The vegetative response, osmolyte content, and antioxidant enzymes of two varieties (Pearl and Sargodha 2002 White) were studied under induced osmotic stress. The results showed that seed germination and seedling growth were inhibited under osmotic stress and germination percentage, and the seed vigor index was enhanced in both varieties of Z. mays L. with chitosan osmo-priming. Osmo-priming with chitosan and hydro-priming with distilled water modulated the level of photosynthetic pigments and proline, which were reduced under induced osmotic stress; moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were improved significantly. In conclusion, osmotic stress adversely affects the growth and physiological attributes; on the contrary, seed priming ameliorated the stress tolerance resistance of Z. mays L. cultivars to PEG-induced osmotic stress by activating the natural antioxidation enzymatic system and accumulating osmolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Wadood Shah
- Biological
Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sanam Zarif Satti
- Biological
Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Rehman Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Muhammad
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sayed M. Eldin
- Future
University in Egypt, Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- University
of Swat, Centre for Plant Science and Biodiversity, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
- Department
of Genetics and Development, Columbia University
Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
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18
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Ali B, Hafeez A, Afridi MS, Javed MA, Sumaira, Suleman F, Nadeem M, Ali S, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Marc RA, Ercisli S, Darwish DBE. Bacterial-Mediated Salinity Stress Tolerance in Maize ( Zea mays L.): A Fortunate Way toward Sustainable Agriculture. ACS Omega 2023; 8:20471-20487. [PMID: 37332827 PMCID: PMC10275368 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture is threatened by salinity stress because of the low yield quality and low crop production. Rhizobacteria that promote plant growth modify physiological and molecular pathways to support plant development and reduce abiotic stresses. The recent study aimed to assess the tolerance capacity and impacts of Bacillus sp. PM31 on the growth, physiological, and molecular responses of maize to salinity stress. In comparison to uninoculated plants, the inoculation of Bacillus sp. PM31 improved the agro-morphological traits [shoot length (6%), root length (22%), plant height (16%), fresh weight (39%), dry weight (29%), leaf area (11%)], chlorophyll [Chl a (17%), Chl b (37%), total chl (22%)], carotenoids (15%), proteins (40%), sugars (43%), relative water (11%), flavonoids (22%), phenols (23%), radical scavenging capacity (13%), and antioxidants. The Bacillus sp. PM31-inoculated plants showed a reduction in the oxidative stress indicators [electrolyte leakage (12%), H2O2 (9%), and MDA (32%)] as compared to uninoculated plants under salinity and increased the level of osmolytes [free amino acids (36%), glycine betaine (17%), proline (11%)]. The enhancement of plant growth under salinity was further validated by the molecular profiling of Bacillus sp. PM31. Moreover, these physiological and molecular mechanisms were accompanied by the upregulation of stress-related genes (APX and SOD). Our study found that Bacillus sp. PM31 has a crucial and substantial role in reducing salinity stress through physiological and molecular processes, which may be used as an alternative approach to boost crop production and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | | | - Muhammad Ammar Javed
- Institute
of Industrial Biotechnology, Government
College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 54000
| | - Sumaira
- Department
of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | - Faiza Suleman
- Department
of Botany, Government College University
Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 54000
| | - Mehwish Nadeem
- Department
of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam
University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11451
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11451
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food
Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 400372
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum, Türkiye 25240
- Ata
Teknokent, HGF Agro, TR-25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
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19
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Dewir YH, Habib MM, Alaizari AA, Malik JA, Al-Ali AM, Al-Qarawi AA, Alwahibi MS. Promising Application of Automated Liquid Culture System and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Large-Scale Micropropagation of Red Dragon Fruit. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1037. [PMID: 36903898 PMCID: PMC10005386 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is an economic and promising fruit crop in arid and semi-arid regions with water shortage. An automated liquid culture system using bioreactors is a potential tool for micropropagation and large-scale production. In this study, axillary cladode multiplication of H. polyrhizus was assessed using cladode tips and cladode segments in gelled culture versus continuous immersion air-lift bioreactors (with or without a net). Axillary multiplication using cladode segments (6.4 cladodes per explant) was more effective than cladode tip explants (4.5 cladodes per explant) in gelled culture. Compared with gelled culture, continuous immersion bioreactors provided high axillary cladode multiplication (45.9 cladodes per explant) with a higher biomass and length of axillary cladodes. Inoculation of H. polyrhizus micropropagated plantlets with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Gigaspora margarita and Gigaspora albida) significantly increased the vegetative growth during acclimatization. These findings will improve the large-scale propagation of dragon fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Hassan Dewir
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Muhammad M. Habib
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ali Alaizari
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jahangir A. Malik
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Mohsen Al-Ali
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - AbdulAziz A. Al-Qarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Wani SA, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Abdel Gawwad MR, Ali MA, Alhaji JH, Naik HR, Kumar P. Sensory, functional characteristics and
in vitro
digestibility of snacks supplemented with non‐traditional ingredient raw and processed fenugreek. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmad Wani
- Department of Food Technology ISlamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora Jammu and Kashmir 192122 India
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed R. Abdel Gawwad
- Genetics & Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences International University of Sarajevo Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Jwaher Haji Alhaji
- Department of Health Science College of Applied Studies and Community service King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroon Rashid Naik
- Department of Food Technology ISlamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora Jammu and Kashmir 192122 India
| | - Pradyuman Kumar
- Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal Sangrur, Punjab 148106 India
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21
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Hussain Q, Zheng M, Chang W, Ashraf MF, Khan R, Asim M, Riaz MW, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Zhang R, Wu J. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of SnRK2 Gene Family in Dormant Vegetative Buds of Liriodendron chinense in Response to Abscisic Acid, Chilling, and Photoperiod. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081305. [PMID: 35893042 PMCID: PMC9331246 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases play an essential role in plants’ responses to environmental stress signals. SnRK2 (sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2) is a plant-specific protein kinase that plays a crucial role in abscisic acid and abiotic stress responses in some model plant species. In apple, corn, rice, pepper, grapevine, Arabidopsis thaliana, potato, and tomato, a genome-wide study of the SnRK2 protein family was performed earlier. The genome-wide comprehensive investigation was first revealed to categorize the SnRK2 genes in the Liriodendron chinense (L. chinense). The five SnRK2 genes found in the L. chinense genome were highlighted in this study. The structural gene variants, 3D structure, chromosomal distributions, motif analysis, phylogeny, subcellular localization, cis-regulatory elements, expression profiles in dormant buds, and photoperiod and chilling responses were all investigated in this research. The five SnRK2 genes from L. chinense were grouped into groups (I–IV) based on phylogeny analysis, with three being closely related to other species. Five hormones-, six stress-, two growths and biological process-, and two metabolic-related responsive elements were discovered by studying the cis-elements in the promoters. According to the expression analyses, all five genes were up- and down-regulated in response to abscisic acid (ABA), photoperiod, chilling, and chilling, as well as photoperiod treatments. Our findings gave insight into the SnRK2 family genes in L. chinense and opened up new study options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Manjia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wenwen Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9009 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (R.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (R.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (W.C.); (M.W.R.); (R.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Silvicultural Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence:
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22
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Abideen Z, Koyro HW, Hussain T, Rasheed A, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Hussain MI, Zulfiqar F, Mansoor S, Abbas Z. Biomass Production and Predicted Ethanol Yield Are Linked with Optimum Photosynthesis in Phragmites karka under Salinity and Drought Conditions. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:1657. [PMID: 35807609 PMCID: PMC9268768 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant photosynthesis and biomass production are closely associated traits but critical to unfavorable environmental constraints such as salinity and drought. The relationships among stress tolerance, photosynthetic mechanisms, biomass and ethanol yield were assessed in Phragmites karka. The growth parameters, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of P. karka were studied when irrigated with the control and 100 and 300 mM NaCl in a nutrient solution and water deficit conditions (drought, at 50% water holding capacity). The plant shoot fresh biomass was increased in the low NaCl concentration; however, it significantly declined in high salinity and drought. Interestingly the addition of low salinity increased the shoot biomass and ethanol yield. The number of tillers was increased at 100 mM NaCl in comparison to the control treatment. High salinity increased the photosynthetic performance, but there were no significant changes in drought-treated plants. The saturated irradiance (Is) for photosynthesis increased significantly in low salinity, but it declined (about 50%) in high salt-stressed and (about 20%) in drought-treated plants compared to the control. The rates of dark respiration (Rd) and compensation irradiance (Ic) were decreased significantly under all treatments of salinity and drought, with the exception of unchanged Rd values in the control and drought treatments. A-Ci curve analyses revealed a significant improvement in the Jmax, Vc, max, and triose-phosphate utilization (TPU) at lower salinity levels but decreased at 300 mM NaCl and drought treatments compared to the control. In the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII, and Y(NO)), the non-photochemical yields were not affected under the salt and drought treatments, although an effective photochemical quantum yield (YII) and electron transport rate (ETR) were significantly enhanced in water deficit compared to control plants. P. karka regulates an efficient photosynthesis mechanism to grow in saline and arid areas and can therefore be used as a sustainable biofuel crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Mouhammed Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (T.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Hans Werner Koyro
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Tabassum Hussain
- Dr. Mouhammed Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (T.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Aysha Rasheed
- Dr. Mouhammed Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (T.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Simeen Mansoor
- Department of Genetics, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore 54770, Pakistan;
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Akhter P, Khan ZI, Hussain MI, Ahmad K, Farooq Awan MU, Ashfaq A, Chaudhry UK, Fahad Ullah M, Abideen Z, Almaary KS, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. Assessment of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil and Garlic Influenced by Waste-Derived Organic Amendments. Biology 2022; 11:biology11060850. [PMID: 35741371 PMCID: PMC9220309 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The utilization of organic wastes, for example, poultry waste, sugarcane press mud, and farmyard manure is extremely common among farmers from South Asia including Pakistan. We assess the biochemical nature and dietary benefit for plants and record the presence of heavy metals in garlic following cultivation in a soil amended with these organic wastes. Present investigation showed the grouping of toxicity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals with a particular link to their source of origin and highlight the hazard of some of them for public health through their excessive utilization. Selecting appropriate manure can significantly reduce health risks for humans. Abstract In South Asia, the high costs of synthetic fertilizers have imposed research on alternative nutrient inputs. We aimed to identify potential trace elements (PTE) present in some organic manure that might be a source of environmental pollutions and risk to public health following consumption. The study aims to evaluate how different organic waste (poultry waste, PW; press mud, PM; and farmyard manure, FYM) influences the heavy metal migration in soil, the accumulation in garlic, and their potential health risks. Organic waste caused a higher accumulation of certain metals (Zn, Cu, Fe, and Co), whereas Mn, Cd, Cr, and Pb were in lower concentrations in soil. Amendments of soil with PM revealed a higher accumulation of Cd, Cr, Fe, and Pb, whereas PW resulted in Cu and Zn accumulation in garlic. Treatment of soil with FYM exhibited higher metal concentration of Co and Mn. An environmental hazard indices study revealed that pollution load index (PLI) was highest for Cu following treatment with PM. The health risk index (HRI) was greater for Cd following amendment with PM. Maximum daily intake of metals (DIM) was observed for Zn after treatment with PW. The Pb exhibited maximum bioconcentration factor (BCF) in PM-amended plants. Based on these findings, we concluded that garlic grown on contaminated soil with organic waste may pose serious health hazards following consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pervaiz Akhter
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (P.A.); (Z.I.K.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Zafar Iqbal Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (P.A.); (Z.I.K.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Kafeel Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (P.A.); (Z.I.K.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Asma Ashfaq
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (P.A.); (Z.I.K.); (K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Usman Khalid Chaudhry
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan;
| | | | - Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Khalid S. Almaary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.A.); (M.S.A.); (M.S.E.)
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Nisar MS, Ali S, Hussain T, Ramzan H, Niaz Y, Haq IU, Akhtar F, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Kalaji HM, Telesiński A, Ahmed MAA, Mackled MI. Toxic and repellent impacts of botanical oils against Callosobruchus maculatus (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) in stored cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267987. [PMID: 35605009 PMCID: PMC9126374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important legume which is consumed globally for protein intake, particularly in Asian states. It is a well-known source of dietary fiber, protein, minerals, and vitamins. The cowpea grains are stored after harvest and used till the next harvest. However, the grains are infested by storage pests, primarily Callosobruchus maculatus. Hence, effective management strategies are needed to protect the stored grains form the pests. This study assessed the efficacy of some edible oils in suppressing C. maculatus infestation in stored cowpea grains. Four different botanical oils (i.e., mustard, neem, poppy, and pumpkin) at four different concentrations (i.e., 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ml per 100 g grain) were included in the study. A control treatment without any botanical oil was also included for comparison. The relevant concentrations of botanical oils were poured into plastic containers containing 100 g cowpea grains and ten C. maculatus adults were released. The jars were sealed and placed at room temperature. Data relating to mortality, oviposition, F1 adult emergence, and seed weight loss were recorded. The tested botanical oils and their concentrations significantly affected mortality after one day. Mortality after 2nd and 3rd days remained unaffected by botanical oils and their different concentrations. The highest mortality was recorded in neem oil-treated grains followed by poppy, pumpkin, and mustard oils. Increased oviposition rate was observed in the grains treated with mustard and pumpkin oils, while those treated with neem and poppy oil recorded decreased oviposition. The control treatment had increased oviposition rate compared to tested botanical oils. All botanical oils significantly inhibited egg laying percentage. The highest germination was recorded for the grains treated with mustard oil followed by pumpkin, poppy, and neem oils, respectively. The lowest germination was recorded for control treatment. Significant differences were noted for C. maculatus repellency among botanical oils. No emergence of adults (F1 progeny) was recorded in all tested botanical oils; thus, F1 progeny was inhibited by 100%. Weight loss, damage percentage, and holes in the grains were not recorded since F1 progeny did not emerge. It is concluded that tested botanical oils are promising and could be utilized to control C. maculatus in cowpea grains during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Nisar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tassaduq Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Ramzan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Niaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Inzamam Ul Haq
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Lanzhou, China
| | - Faiza Akhtar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture - Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa I. Mackled
- Department of Stored Product Pests, Plant Protection Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Sabahia, Alexandria, Egypt
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Sadef Y, Javed T, Javed R, Mahmood A, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, AbdelGawwa MR, Alhaji JH, Rasheed RA. Nutritional status, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different fruits and vegetables' peels. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265566. [PMID: 35552543 PMCID: PMC9098067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed nutritional status, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content in fruits, i.e., mango (Mangifera indica), apple (Malus domestica), and vegetable, i.e., bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), and ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) peels. The antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were evaluated by using methanol extracts along with 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay, respectively having Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Gallic acid (GA) as standard. The TPC and antioxidant activity in the peels ranged from 20 mg GAE/g to 525 mg GAE/g and 15.02% to 75.95%, respectively, which revealed that investigated fruit and vegetable peels are rich source of phytochemical constituents. Bottle gourd peels exhibited the highest value of DPPH compared to the rest of the peels included in the study. Likewise, mango peels had the highest TPC as compared to the rest of the fruit peels. This research showed that the utilization of agricultural wastes should be promoted at commercial level to achieve the nutritional benefit at zero cost and minimize the generation of biological waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumna Sadef
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Javed
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Javed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, GC Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, GC Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ragab AbdelGawwa
- Genetics & Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jawaher Haji Alhaji
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Applied Studies and Community Service, King Saud University, KSA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab Ahmed Rasheed
- Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
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Khan ZI, Muhammad FG, Ahmad K, Akhtar S, Sohail M, Nadeem M, Mahpara S, Awan MUF, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Hussain MI. Effects of diverse irrigation with wastewater in soil and plants: assessing the risk of metal to the animal food chain. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:27140-27149. [PMID: 34978030 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In District Jhang, farmers use municipal wastewater to irrigate fodder crops as an alternative source to the deficient availability of fresh water. Therefore, the present study selected the three irrigation sources in District Jhang (canal water, ground water and municipal wastewater) to study the iron (Fe) concentration in the soil, fodder crops and ultimately their transfer into the animal body. Analysed Fe concentration varied as 16.40-27.53 mg/kg in soil samples, 19.72-30.34 mg/kg in fodder crops and 2.49-5.11 mg/kg in animals. Analysed Fe concentration in soil was higher on the wastewater irrigation site while canal water-irrigated fodder crop Zea mays exhibit the higher Fe concentration. In animal samples, higher Fe concentration was observed in the cow blood (4.09 mg/l), cow hairs (3.39 mg/kg) and cow faeces (5.11 mg/kg). Results of pollution load index (0.288-0.484 mg/kg) and enrichment factor (0.112-0.197 mg/kg) indicated that Fe concentration was minimally dispersed and enriched in these sites. Health risk and daily intake values were observed between the 0.029-0.059 and 0.042-0.084 mg/kg/day. Bio-concentration factor (0.834-1.47 mg/kg) for Fe which was greater than 1 explains that Fe contamination was transferred from the soil to fodder tissues and may raise health issues in the grazing animals if they are continuously exposed to these contaminated forages. Wastewater irrigation in study area has increased the Fe content in soil-plant environment that is a risking factor for animal and human health. Hence, this study recommended that wastewater should be treated prior to their irrigation on agricultural lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | | | - Kafeel Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Akhtar
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Shahzadi Mahpara
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Rehman AU, Fatima Z, Qamar R, Farukh F, Alwahibi MS, Hussain M. The impact of boron seed priming on seedling establishment, growth, and grain biofortification of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in yermosols. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265956. [PMID: 35358247 PMCID: PMC8970469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron-deficiency in Yermosols is among the major constraints to mungbean productivity and grain biofortification in Pakistan. However, agronomic strategies such as boron (B) seed priming have potential to improve mungbean yield and grain biofortification. Moreover, deficiency to toxicity range for B is very narrow; therefore, it is pre-requisite to optimize its dose before field evaluation. A wire house experiment was planned out to reconnoiter the impact of seed priming with B on growth and quality of two cultivars of mungbean, i.e., ‘NM-2011’ and ‘NM-2016’. Four different B levels were used as seed priming, i.e., 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% and 1.0% B, (borax Na2B4O7.10H2O, 11.5% B) were tested, whereas hydropriming was regarded as control. Seed priming with 0.01% B significantly (p≤0.05) lowered time taken to start germination and time to reach 50% emergence, whereas improved mean emergence time, emergence index, final emergence percentage, number of leaves, dry and fresh weight of root, shoot, and total weight, root length, plant height, chlorophyll contents, number of pods and 100-grain weight, seeds per plant, grain yield per plant, B concentrations in stem and grain, grain protein, carbohydrate and fiber in both cultivars. Boron seed priming proved beneficial under a specific range; however, deficiency (hydropriming) and excess (above 0.01% B) of B were detrimental for mungbean growth and productivity. The cultivar ‘NM-2016’ had significantly (p≤0.05) higher yield due to prominent increase in yield related traits with 0.01% B priming as compared to ‘NM-2011’. In conclusion, B seed priming (0.01% B) seemed a feasible choice for improving mungbean growth, yield related traits and grain-B concentration of mungbean on Yermosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atique-ur Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (AUR); (MH)
| | - Zartash Fatima
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rafi Qamar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Fizza Farukh
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- * E-mail: (AUR); (MH)
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Alwahibi MS, Alhussein Alawaadh A, Hassan Dewir Y, Soliman DA, Kadry Seliem M. Assessment of genetic fidelity of lacy tree philodendron (Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex Endl.) micro propagated plants. RB 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.01.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue culture is a potent means for producing clonally propagated plants. However, genetically identical regenerants are of great concern due to their economic consequences. Therefore, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular markers are employed to detect somaclonal variations. In this study, the genetic fidelity of in vitro raised Philodendron bipinnatifidum clones, and their mother plant was tested using 11 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The RAPD decamers produced 92 amplicons with 8.4 bands ranging from 260-5000 bp. The bands varied from one to fifteen for primer 8 and primer 7, respectively. The genetic similarity between the micro propagated plantlets and mother plant of P. bipinnatifidum was nearly 100%, assuring uniformity and true-to-type regenerated plantlets for this commercially crucial ornamental plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Alhussein Alawaadh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser Hassan Dewir
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. 3Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Dina A. Soliman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayada Kadry Seliem
- Ornamental and Floriculture Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Antoniades, Alexandria 21599, Egypt
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Azeem M, Zaman T, Abbasi AM, Abid M, Mozūratis R, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. Pesticidal potential of some wild plant essential oils against grain pests Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) and Aspergillus flavus (Link, 1809). ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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30
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Rani M, Ullah R, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, AbdelGawwad MR, Mahmood A. Health risk assessment by toxic metals in little egrets ( Egretta garzetta) and food chain contaminations. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:366-370. [PMID: 35002431 PMCID: PMC8716899 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analysed heavy metals from little egret (Egretta garzetta). Egret’s Eggs, egg shells, food (fish and insects), blood, meat samples (thigh, liver, and chest), water, soil and sediments samples were collected from the two selected sites of the study area. Samples were analysed on flame atomic absorption spectrometer after acid digestion. Detected metals were found almost inline of concentrations when compared with the both sites. Among detected metals Mn was found higher in concentration (µg/g) i.e. 18.509 followed by Zn i.e. 9.383, Ni, Cu, Pb and Cd. Sediment exhibited higher levels (µg/g) of metals (25.061) followed by the meat (19.044) egrets food (18.825), excreta (16.26), blood serums (4.577), eggs (3.626) and water samples (2.432).The level of metals in sediments of the study are showed environmental concerns. Health risks were also investigated that were compared to guidelines of WHO and FAO threshold limits. It was found a marginal health risk to life through detected metals. This study revealed that little egret are good bio-indicator for the screening and investigation of contaminates presence in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Rani
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur 10250 AJK, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur 10250 AJK, Pakistan
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ragab AbdelGawwad
- Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, 71210 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Adeel Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, GC Women University, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
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Ramkumar G, Asokan R, Prasannakumar NR, Kariyanna B, Karthi S, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Abdel-Megeed A, Ghaith A, Senthil-Nathan S, Kalaivani K, Hunter WB, Krutmuang P. RNA Interference Suppression of v-ATPase B and Juvenile Hormone Binding Protein Genes Through Topically Applied dsRNA on Tomato Leaves: Developing Biopesticides to Control the South American Pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Front Physiol 2021; 12:742871. [PMID: 34867448 PMCID: PMC8637209 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.742871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The South American pinworm Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Family: Gelechiidae) is one of the most devastating lepidopteran pests in the developing countries of South America, Africa, and Asia. This pest is classified as the most serious threat for tomato production worldwide. In the present study, we analyzed RNAi-mediated control through exogenously applied dsRNA delivery on tomato. The dsRNA treatments were made to target the juvenile hormone binding protein and the v-ATPase B. Both mRNA targets were cloned, validated by sequencing, and used to produce each dsRNA. After treatments the relative transcript expression was analyzed using qRTPCR to assess to efficacy of RNAi. A leaf-dip assay was used to provide late 2nd instar larvae three feeding access periods: 24, 48, and 72 h, to evaluate the effect of gene silencing of each target. Larvae were fed tomato leaves coated with five different RNAi concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 micrograms/centimeter-squared), that suppressed two genes (juvenile hormone protein, JHBP, and vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase enzyme, v-ATPase). Treatments with dsRNA showed a significant increase in mortality at 24, 48, and 72 h after ingestion (P < 0.01, α = 0.05), along with reduced leaf damage, and increased feeding deterrence. The results suggest that these two RNAi products may provide a suitable treatment for control of this and other lepidopteran pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindaraju Ramkumar
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramasamy Asokan
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - N R Prasannakumar
- Division of Entomology and Nematology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Kariyanna
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Center for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Megeed
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Aml Ghaith
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Derna University, Derna, Libya
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Center for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Kandaswamy Kalaivani
- Post Graduate and Research Center, Department of Zoology, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Wayne Brian Hunter
- U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Rashid N, Khan S, Wahid A, Ibrar D, Irshad S, Bakhsh A, Hasnain Z, Alkahtani J, Alwahibi MS, Gawwad MRA, Zuan ATK. Exogenous application of moringa leaf extract improves growth, biochemical attributes, and productivity of late-sown quinoa. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259214. [PMID: 34748570 PMCID: PMC8575295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has gained significant popularity among agricultural scientists and farmers throughout the world due to its high nutritive value. It is cultivated under a range of soil and climatic conditions; however, late sowing adversely affects its productivity and yield due to shorter growth period. Inorganic and organic phyto-stimulants are promising for improving growth, development, and yield of field crops under stressful environments. Field experiments were conducted during crop cultivation seasons of 2016–17 and 2017–18, to explore the role of inorganic (hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid) and organic [moringa leaf extract (MLE) and sorghum water extract (sorgaab)] phyto-stimulants in improving growth and productivity of quinoa (cultivar UAF-Q7). Hydrogen peroxide at 100 μM, ascorbic acid at 500 μM, MLE at 3% and sorgaab at 3% were exogenously applied at anthesis stage of quinoa cultivated under normal (November 21st and 19th during 2016 and 2017) and late-sown (December 26th and 25th during 2016 and 2017) conditions. Application of inorganic and organic phyto-stimulants significantly improved biochemical, physiological, growth and yield attributes of quinoa under late sown conditions. The highest improvement in these traits was recorded for MLE. Application of MLE resulted in higher chlorophyll a and b contents, stomatal conductance, and sub-stomatal concentration of CO2 under normal and late-sowing. The highest improvement in soluble phenolics, anthocyanins, free amino acids and proline, and mineral elements in roots, shoot and grains were observed for MLE application. Growth attributes, including plant height, plant fresh weight and panicle length were significantly improved with MLE application as compared to the rest of the treatments. The highest 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were noted for MLE application under normal and late-sowing. These findings depict that MLE has extensive crop growth promoting potential through improving physiological and biochemical activities. Hence, MLE can be applied to improve growth and productivity of quinoa under normal and late-sown conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (NR); (SK); (TKZ)
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (NR); (SK); (TKZ)
| | - Abdul Wahid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Danish Ibrar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bakhsh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zuhair Hasnain
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ragab Abdel Gawwad
- Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ali Tan Kee Zuan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Land Management, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (NR); (SK); (TKZ)
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Arif M, Atta S, Bashir MA, Khan MI, Hussain A, Shahjahan M, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. Correction: The impact of Fosetyl-Aluminium application timing on Karnal bunt suppression and economic returns of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259550. [PMID: 34710185 PMCID: PMC8553163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Sundar NS, Karthi S, Sivanesh H, Stanley-Raja V, Chanthini KMP, Ramasubramanian R, Ramkumar G, Ponsankar A, Narayanan KR, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Alkahtani J, Alwahibi MS, Hunter WB, Senthil-Nathan S, Patcharin K, Abdel-Megeed A, Shawer R, Ghaith A. Efficacy of Precocene I from Desmosstachya bipinnata as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the Spodoptera litura Fab. and Its Impact on Eisenia fetida Savigny. Molecules 2021; 26:6384. [PMID: 34770794 PMCID: PMC8588158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustainability of agroecosystems are maintained with agro-chemicals. However, after more than 80 years of intensive use, many pests and pathogens have developed resistance to the currently used chemistries. Thus, we explored the isolation and bioactivity of a chemical compound, Precocene I, isolated from the perennial grass, Desmosstachya bipinnata (L.) Stapf. Fractions produced from chloroform extractions showed suppressive activity on larvae of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the Oriental armyworm. Column chromatography analyses identified Precocene I confirmed using FTIR, HPLC and NMR techniques. The bioactivity of the plant-extracted Dp-Precocene I was compared to a commercially produced Precocene I standard. The percentage of mortality observed in insects fed on plant tissue treated with 60 ppm Db-Precocene I was 97, 87 and 81, respectively, for the second, third and fourth instar larvae. The LC50 value of third instars was 23.2 ppm. The percentages of survival, pupation, fecundity and egg hatch were altered at sub-lethal concentrations of Db-Precocene I (2, 4, 6 and 8 ppm, sprays on castor leaves). The observed effects were negatively correlated with concentration, with a decrease in effects as concentrations increased. Distinct changes in feeding activity and damage to gut tissues were observed upon histological examination of S. litura larvae after the ingestion of Db-Precocene I treatments. Comparative analyses of mortality on a non-target organism, the earthworm, Eisenia fetida, at equal concentrations of Precocene I and two chemical pesticides (cypermethrin and monocrotophos) produced mortality only with the chemical pesticide treatments. These results of Db-Precocene I as a highly active bioactive compound support further research to develop production from the grass D. bipinnata as an affordable resource for Precocene-I-based insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Shyam Sundar
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Haridoss Sivanesh
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Vethamonickam Stanley-Raja
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian Chanthini
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Govindaraju Ramkumar
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Athirstam Ponsankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India;
| | | | | | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (J.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (J.A.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Wayne Brian Hunter
- USDA-ARS, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA;
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, India; (N.S.S.); (S.K.); (H.S.); (V.S.-R.); (K.M.-P.C.); (R.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Krutmuang Patcharin
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Megeed
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
| | - Rady Shawer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
| | - Aml Ghaith
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Derna University, Derna 417230, Libya;
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Arasu A, Pingley V, Prabha N, O V R, Annathurai K, Kasirajan S, Govindasamy A, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Abdel Gawwad MR, Arockiaraj J. Impact and fungitoxic spectrum of Trachyspermum ammi against Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogenic fungus commonly found in human gut that causes Candidiasis infection. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:1854-1863. [PMID: 34656507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trachyspermum ammi (commonly known as Ajwain), a medicinal plant of the Apiaceae family is scientifically acknowledged to harbor potential bioactive compounds for the treatment of gastrointestinal issues, loss of appetite, bronchial difficulties, cough, inflammation, diarrhoea, headache, hypertension, stomach discomfort, bronchitis and influenza. Candida albicans is generally a commensal fungus found in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems. OBJECTIVE This study was focused on secondary metabolites of T. ammi and its effects towards candidiasis infection as caused by C. albicans. METHODS Phytochemical components of T. ammi as a crude extract were extracted through maceration method using three polar (ethanol, methanol and water) and two non-polar (chloroform and diethyl ether) solvents and subjected to 14 phytochemical tests. Further, the crude extract of T. ammi was analyzed over gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Evaluation of antimicrobial property of the extract was carried out by minimum fungal concentration (MFC) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, cell reduction assay was performed using flowcytometry to confirm the antifungal effect of Ajwain crude extract. RESULTS The aqueous extract showed high presence of phytochemicals including alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, resins, steroids, tannins, inorganic acids, organic acids, phenolic compounds, amino acids, protein and coumarins. GCMS analysis revealed seven bioactive compounds, in which thymol was detected in significant amount in the chromatogram. FTIR performance showed the presence of various stretching vibration including OH, CH, CC, CO, CN and COC. However, the MFC and MIC of Ajwain extracts using different solvent showed that the methanolic extract possesses maximum antifungal efficacy at 250 μg/ml and 15.6 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, cell reduction assay exhibited significant cell reduction in Ajwain methanolic extract compared to the other crude extracts used in the study. CONCLUSION Overall, the findings revealed that Ajwain methanolic crude extract has antifungal activity against C. albicans; however, that further needs to be established at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Arasu
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Vaahini Pingley
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagaram Prabha
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravikumar O V
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kalidoss Annathurai
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudharsan Kasirajan
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Akshaya Govindasamy
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed R Abdel Gawwad
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Shaheen F, Khan ZI, Ahmad T, Ashraf MY, Ahmed K, Nazar S, Nadeem M, Mehmood S, Awan MUF, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Abdelgawwad MR. Screening of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Salt Tolerance on the Basis of Physiochemical Characteristics and Bio-Physiological Parameters and Indices. Rev Chim 2021. [DOI: 10.37358/rc.21.3.8438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major threat for growth and development of wheat crop. Screening technique for salinity tolerance is an effective tool to identify tolerant cultivar and high yielding wheat genotypes. Present study was carried out to screen twenty wheat genotypes under laboratory terms utilizing various growth and physiological indices like plant fresh weight stress indices (PFSI), plant height stress tolerance index (PHSI), shoot length stress tolerance index (SLSI), germination stress tolerance index (GSI), plant dry weight stress indices (PDSI), root length stress tolerance index (RLSI), relative water content (RWC). Multivariate techniques like cluster analysis and correlation were used to analyze the variance between wheat genotypes. The correlations analysis indicated significant among different physiological indices like GSI, SLSI, RLSI, PFSI, PDSI and RWC. On the basis of cluster analysis 20 wheat genotypes were classified into three clusters: first cluster included (The genotype WL-711 was the premier scorer followed by Nifa Bathoor, ARRI-II and Millat-11) presents sufficient salt tolerating degree, on the other hand, cluster-2 is comprised of wheat genotypes (Inqilab-91, NIAB-09, Punjab-96, Sehar-2006, Tatara, AS-2002, SA-75, Lasani-09, FSD-08 and Galaxy-13) with medium level of salt tolerance and cluster-3 included genotypes (LU-26-S, Fakhar e Sarhad, Bakhtawar, Punjab-11, Barsat and Kohistan-97) did not perform upto the mark and have lower level of salt tolerance. Correlation analysis among different screening techniques indicated that physiological indices exhibited highly significant and positive correlations among GSI, PHSI, SLSI, PDSI, PFSI, and RWC while non-significant correlation existed among PDSI and RLSI. The correlation between PFSI and RWC was significant. Significant correlations between cluster analysis and different indices also proved that salt tolerant wheat genotypes screened.
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Haider MU, Hussain M, Farooq M, Ul-Allah S, Ansari MJ, Alwahibi MS, Farooq S. Zinc biofortification potential of diverse mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes under field conditions. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253085. [PMID: 34161364 PMCID: PMC8221514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an important micronutrient for crop plants and essential for human health. The Zn-deficiency is an important malnutrition problem known globally. Biofortified foods could overcome Zn deficiency in humans. Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is an important, pulse crop frequently grown in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Mungbean could provide essential micronutrients, including Zn to humans. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the impact of Zn fertilization on the yield and grain biofortification of mungbean. Twelve mungbean genotypes (i.e., NM-28, NM-2011, NM-13-1, NM-2006, NM-51, NM-54, NM-19-19, NM-92, NM-121-25, NM-20-21, 7006, 7008) were assessed for their genetic diversity followed by Zn-biofortification, growth and yield under control (0 kg ha-1) and Zn-fertilized (10 kg ha-1) conditions. Data relating to allometric traits, yield components, grain yield and grain Zn contents were recorded. Zinc fertilization improved entire allometric and yield-related traits. Grain yield of different genotypes ranged from 439 to 904 kg ha-1 under control and 536 to 1462 kg ha-1 under Zn-fertilization. Zinc concentration in the grains varied from 15.50 to 45.60 mg kg-1 under control and 18.53 to 64.23 mg kg-1 under Zn-fertilized conditions. The tested genotypes differed in their Zn-biofortification potential. The highest and the lowest grain Zn contents were noted for genotypes NM-28 and NM-121-25, respectively. Significant variation in yield and Zn-biofortification indicated the potential for improvement in mungbean yield and grain Zn-biofortification. The genotypes NM-28 and NM-2006 could be used in breeding programs for improvement in grain Zn concentration due to their high Zn uptake potential. Nonetheless, all available genotypes in the country should be screened for their Zn-biofortification potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Oman
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ul-Allah
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Farooq
- Departmnet of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
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Amanullah, Khalid S, Khalil F, Elshikh MS, Alwahibi MS, Alkahtani J, Imranuddin, Imran. Growth and dry matter partitioning response in cereal-legume intercropping under full and limited irrigation regimes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12585. [PMID: 34131225 PMCID: PMC8206107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The dry matter partitioning is the product of the flow of assimilates from the source organs (leaves and stems) along the transport route to the storage organs (grains). A 2-year field experiment was conducted at the agronomy research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during 2015-2016 (Y1) to 2016-2017 (Y2) having semiarid climate. Four summer crops, pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoidum L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) and four winter crops, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), fababean (Vicia faba) and rapeseed (Brassica napus) were grown under two irrigation regimes (full vs. limited irrigation) with the pattern of growing each crop either alone as sole crop or in combination of two crops in each intercropping system under both winter and summer seasons. The result showed that under full irrigated condition (no water stress), all crops had higher crop growth rate (CGR), leaf dry weight (LDW), stem dry weight (SDW), and spike/head dry weight (S/H/PDW) at both anthesis and physiological maturity (PM) than limited irrigated condition (water stress). In winter crops, both wheat and barley grown as sole crop or intercropped with fababean produced maximum CGR, LDW, SDW, S/H/PDW than other intercrops. Among summer crops, sorghum intercropped either with pigeon pea or with mungbean produced maximum CGR, LDW, SDW, and S/H/PDW at both growth stages. Sole mungbean and pigeon pea or pigeon pea and mungbean intercropping had higher CGR, LDW, SDW, S/H/PDW than millet and sorghum intercropping. On the other hand, wheat and barley grown as sole crops or intercropped with fababean produced maximum CGR, LDW, SDW, and S/H/PDW than other intercrops. Fababean grown as sole crop or intercropped with wheat produced higher CGR, LDW, SDW, and S/H/PDW at PM than intercropped with barley or rapeseed. From the results it was concluded that cereal plus legume intercropping particularly wheat/fababean in winter and sorghum/pigeon pea or sorgum/mungbean in summer are the most productive intercropping systems under both low and high moisture regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanullah
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Shah Khalid
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Khalil
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imranuddin
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Imran
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Alam H, Khattak JZK, Ksiksi TS, Saleem MH, Fahad S, Sohail H, Ali Q, Zamin M, El-Esawi MA, Saud S, Jiang X, Alwahibi MS, Alkahtani J. Negative impact of long-term exposure of salinity and drought stress on native Tetraena mandavillei L. Physiol Plant 2021; 172:1336-1351. [PMID: 33179272 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Tetraena mandavillei L. is a perennial shrub native to the Middle Eastern countries of Asia, which is extensively regarded as a drought-tolerant plant. However, the plant reduces growth and biomass when grown in high concentrations of sodium chloride in the soil. We conducted a pot experiment to influence the negative impact of different levels of salinity (0, 10, and 20 dSm-1 ) and drought stress (100, 80, 60, and 40% water field capacity), to study different growth-related parameters, physiological alterations and ion uptake by T. mandavillei. Both salinity and drought stress caused a negative impact by affecting several attributes of T. mandavillei, but the plants showed some resistance against drought stress conditions in terms of growth and biomass. In addition to that, we noticed that a combinatorial and individual impact of drought and salinity stress decreased photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange parameters in T. mandavillei. Results also depicted that the combination of the abiotic stress conditions drought and salinity induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating that the plants undergo oxidative damaged. However, due to the active plant defense system, the plant enhanced its performance under abiotic stress conditions, but due to the severe drought condition (40% water field capacity), a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the activities of antioxidant compounds was caused. Furthermore, osmolytes also increased under both salinity and drought stress conditions in this study. Our results also showed that increased salinity and drought stress in the soil caused a significant increase in sodium (Na+ ) and chloride (Cl- ) ions in roots and shoots of T. mandavillei. In contrast to that, the contents of Calcium (Ca2+ ) and potassium (K+ ) were decreased in all organs of the plants with increasing levels of salinity and drought stress. Taken together, T. mandavillei can be classified as a facultative halophyte with the ability to tolerate drought stress and using salt accumulation mechanisms to tolerate salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Alam
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jabar Z K Khattak
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Taoufik S Ksiksi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad H Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Sohail
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zamin
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | | | - Shah Saud
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Rathika R, Srinivasan P, Alkahtani J, Al-Humaid LA, Alwahibi MS, Mythili R, Selvankumar T. Influence of biochar and EDTA on enhanced phytoremediation of lead contaminated soil by Brassica juncea. Chemosphere 2021; 271:129513. [PMID: 33429262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation technology is an eco-friendly technology for the treatment of the polluted environment. Conversely, the natural and synthetic amendments have been revealed to improve the heavy metal phytoextraction from polluted soils with hyperaccumulation and/or non-hyper accumulating plants. This study evaluated the synergistic effect of biochar (BC) and EDTA to enhance phytoextraction of heavy metal lead (Pb) from artificially polluted soil by Brassica juncea. The BC and EDTA amendment enhanced the growth and survival of B. juncea under Pb stress environment. BC and EDTA significantly increased the biomass of B. juncea and significantly increased the total chlorophyll content in the combined amendment of BC and EDTA (22.2 mg/g) compared to the individual amendment of BC (12.8 mg/g) and EDTA (12.2 mg/g) respectively. The combined use of EDTA and biochar showed enhanced Pb uptake (60.2 mg/g) compared to control (10.0 mg/g). The order of Pb uptake was found to be BC + EDTA (60.2 mg/g) ˃ EDTA (23.5 mg/g) ˃ BC (22. 0 mg/g) ˃ control (10.0 mg/g). The maximum activity of SOD (35.2 ± 1.2 U/mg), POD (47.0 ± 1.8 U/mg) and CAT (28.0 ± 1.0 U/mg) was obtained in the mixed application of EDTA and BC. The obtained results revealed that the combined use of BC and EDTA was the most advantageous option for the treatment of Pb contaminated soil as compared to individual amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rathika
- PG& Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts & Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Srinivasan
- PG& Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts & Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - L A Al-Humaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Mythili
- PG& Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts & Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637501, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - T Selvankumar
- PG& Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts & Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637501, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Alzahib RH, Migdadi HM, Al Ghamdi AA, Alwahibi MS, Ibrahim AA, Al-Selwey WA. Assessment of Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Responses of Tomato Landraces to Salinity Stress. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10040696. [PMID: 33916328 PMCID: PMC8065849 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding salt tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) landraces will facilitate their use in genetic improvement. The study assessed the morpho-physiological variability of Hail tomato landraces in response to different salinity levels at seedling stages and recommended a tomato salt-tolerant landrace for future breeding programs. Three tomato landraces, Hail 548, Hail 747, and Hail 1072 were tested under three salinity levels: 75, 150, and 300 mM NaCl. Salinity stress reduced shoots' fresh and dry weight by 71% and 72%, and roots were 86.5% and 78.6%, respectively. There was 22% reduced chlorophyll content, carotene content by 18.6%, and anthocyanin by 41.1%. Proline content increased for stressed treatments. The 300 mM NaCl treatment recorded the most proline content increases (67.37 mg/g fresh weight), with a percent increase in proline reaching 61.67% in Hail 747. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased by 65% in Hail 548, while it relatively increased in Hail 747 and Hail 1072 treated with 300 mM NaCl. Catalase (CAT) activity was enhanced by salt stress in Hail 548 and recorded 7.6%, increasing at 75 and 5.1% at 300 mM NaCl. It revealed a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) at the 300 mM NaCl concentration in both Hail 548 and Hail 1072 landraces. Increasing salt concentrations showed a reduction in transpiration rate of 70.55%, 7.13% in stomatal conductance, and 72.34% in photosynthetic rate. K+/Na+ ratios decreased from 56% for 75 mM NaCl to 85% for 300 mM NaCl treatments in all genotypes. The response to salt stress in landraces involved some modifications in morphology, physiology, and metabolism. The landrace Hail 548 may have better protection against salt stress and observed protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing enzymatic "antioxidants" activity under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem H. Alzahib
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (A.A.A.G.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Hussein M. Migdadi
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.I.); (W.A.A.-S.)
| | - Abdullah A. Al Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (A.A.A.G.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (A.A.A.G.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Abdullah A. Ibrahim
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.I.); (W.A.A.-S.)
| | - Wadei A. Al-Selwey
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.I.); (W.A.A.-S.)
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Li C, Wang E, Elshikh MS, Alwahibi MS, Wang W, Wu G, Shen Y, Abbasi AM, Shan S. Extraction and purification of total flavonoids from Gnaphalium affine D. Don and their evaluation for free radicals’ scavenging and oxidative damage inhabitation potential in mice liver. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Yousaf M, Bashir S, Raza H, Shah AN, Iqbal J, Arif M, Bukhari MA, Muhammad S, Hashim S, Alkahtani J, Alwahibi MS, Hu C. Role of nitrogen and magnesium for growth, yield and nutritional quality of radish. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3021-3030. [PMID: 34025178 PMCID: PMC8117034 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) affects all levels of plant function from metabolism to resource allocation, growth, and development and Magnesium (Mg) is a macronutrient that is necessary to both plant growth and health. Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) occupies an important position in the production and consumption of vegetables globally, but there are still many problems and challenges in its nutrient management. A pot trial was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen and magnesium fertilizers on radish during the year 2018-2019. Nitrogen and magnesium was applied at three rates (0, 0.200, and 0.300 g N kg-1 soil) and (0, 0.050, and 0.100 g Mg kg-1 soil) respectively. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) and each treatment was replicated three times. Growth, yield and quality indicators of radish (plant height, root length, shoot length, plant weight, total soluble sugar, ascorbic acid, total soluble protein, crude fiber, etc.) were studied. The results indicated that different rates of nitrogen and magnesium fertilizer not only influence the growth dynamics and yields but also enhances radish quality. The results revealed that the growth, yield and nutrient contents of radish were increased at a range of 0.00 g N. kg-1 soil to 0.300 g N. kg-1 soil and 0.00 g Mg. kg-1 soil to 0.050 g Mg. kg-1 soil and then decreased gradually at a level of 0.100 g Mg. kg-1 soil. In contrast, the crude fiber contents in radish decreased significantly with increasing nitrogen and magnesium level but increased significantly at Mg2 level (0.050 g Mg. kg-1 soil). The current study produced helpful results for increasing radish quality, decreasing production costs, and diminishing underground water contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yousaf
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Raza
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Javaid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Agricultural Officer (Lab), Soil and Water Testing Laboratory, Layyah 31200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Bukhari
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Muhammad
- Soil and Water Testing Laboratory for Research, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Hashim
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- College of Resources and Environment/Micro-element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
- Corresponding author at: College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Bashir S, Bakhsh Gulshan A, Iqbal J, Husain A, Alwahibi MS, Alkahtani J, Dwiningsih Y, Bakhsh A, Ahmed N, Jamal Khan M, Ibrahim M, Diao ZH. Comparative role of animal manure and vegetable waste induced compost for polluted soil restoration and maize growth. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2534-2539. [PMID: 33911965 PMCID: PMC8071889 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil amendment with two types of composts: animal manure (AC) and vegetable waste (VC) induced composts have potential to alleviate Cd toxicity to maize in contaminated soil. Therefore, Cd mobility in waste water irrigated soil can be addressed through eco-friendly and cost effective organic soil amendments AC and VC that eventually reduces its translocation from polluted soil to maize plant tissues. The comparative effectiveness of AC and VC at 3% rate were evaluated on Cd solubility, its accumulation in maize tissues, translocation from root to shoot, chlorophyll contents, plant biomass, yield and soil properties (pH, NPK, OM). Results revealed that the addition of organic soil amendments significantly minimized Cd mobility and leachability in soil by 58.6% and 47%, respectively in VC-amended soil over control. While, the reduction was observed by 61.7% and 57%, respectively when AC was added at 3% over control. Comparing the control soil, Cd uptake effectively reduced via plants shoots and roots by 50%, 46% respectively when VC was added in polluted soil. However, Cd uptake was decreased in maize shoot and roots by 58% and 52.4% in AC amended soil at 3% rate, respectively. Additionally, NPK contents were significantly improved in polluted soil as well as in plant tissues in both composts amended soil Comparative to control, the addition of composts significantly improved the maize dry biomass and chlorophyll contents at 3% rate. Thus, present study confirmed that the addition of animal manure derived compost (AC) at 3% rate performed well and might be consider the suitable approach relative to vegetable compost for maize growth in polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Javaid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Arif Husain
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yheni Dwiningsih
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Ali Bakhsh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetic, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ahmed
- Department of Soil Science, BZU Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamal Khan
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Dookie Campus, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zeng-Hui Diao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510255, China
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Jabir MS, Saleh YM, Sulaiman GM, Yaseen NY, Sahib UI, Dewir YH, Alwahibi MS, Soliman DA. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Annona muricata Extract as an Inducer of Apoptosis in Cancer Cells and Inhibitor for NLRP3 Inflammasome via Enhanced Autophagy. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:384. [PMID: 33546151 PMCID: PMC7913157 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Annona muricata is one of the most important traditional medicinal plants which contains numerous chemicals that exhibit various pharmacological properties. In this study, silver nanoparticles were prepared using A. muricata peel extract as a reducing agent and the effect was enhanced through A. muricata like pharmaceutical activity. AgNPs formation was confirmed by color changes, UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM, DLS, and XRD. The anti-proliferative activity of AgNPs against THP-1, AMJ-13, and HBL cell lines was studied. Apoptotic markers were tested using AO/EtBr staining assay, cell cycle phases using flowcytometry, and the expression of P53. Autophagy takes an essential part in controlling inflammasome activation by primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). We report novel functions for AgNPs-affected autophagy, represented by the control of the release of IL-1β, caspase-1, adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and NLRP3 in BMDMs following treatment with LPS+ATP. The current study revealed that the AgNPs inhibited THP-1 and AMJ-13 cell proliferation. Meanwhile, the AgNPs significantly increased autophagy and reduced IL-1b and NLRP3 levels in both in vivo and in vitro models. The secretion of IL-1β was reduced whereas the degradation of NLRP3 inflammasome was enhanced. These findings propose that AgNPs apply an anti-proliferative activity against THP-1 and AMJ-13 cells through the stimulation of apoptosis via mitochondrial damage and induction of p53 protein pathway. In addition, AgNP-induced autophagy reduced the levels of IL-1β and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This indicated that the AgNPs augment autophagy controlled by the IL-1β pathway via two different novel mechanisms. The first one is regulating activation of the IL-1 β, caspae-1, and ASC, while the second is NLRP3 targeting for lysosomal degradation. Overall, this study suggests that AgNPs could be a potent therapy for various types of cancer and an alternative treatment for preventing inflammation via enhancing autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid S. Jabir
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq;
| | - Yasmin M. Saleh
- College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq;
| | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq;
| | - Nahi Y. Yaseen
- Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetics Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq;
| | - Usama I. Sahib
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq;
| | - Yaser Hassan Dewir
- Plant Production Department, P.O. Box 2460, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, P.O. Box 22452, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Dina A. Soliman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, P.O. Box 22452, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (D.A.S.)
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Bashir S, Qayyum MA, Husain A, Bakhsh A, Ahmed N, Hussain MB, Elshikh MS, Alwahibi MS, Almunqedhi BMA, Hussain R, Wang YF, Zhou Y, Diao ZH. Efficiency of different types of biochars to mitigate Cd stress and growth of sunflower ( Helianthus; L.) in wastewater irrigated agricultural soil. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2453-2459. [PMID: 33911958 PMCID: PMC8071890 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium contamination in croplands is recognized one of the major threat, seriously affecting soil health and sustainable agriculture around the globe. Cd mobility in wastewater irrigated soils can be curtailed through eco-friendly and cost effective organic soil amendments (biochars) that eventually minimizes its translocation from soil to plant. This study explored the possible effects of various types of plants straw biochar as soil amendments on cadmium (Cd) phytoavailability in wastewater degraded soil and its subsequent accumulation in sunflower tissues. The studied biochars including rice straw (RS), wheat straw (WS), acacia (AC) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) to wastewater irrigated soil containing Cd. Sunflower plant was grown as a test plant and Cd accumulation was recorded in its tissues, antioxidant enzymatic activity chlorophyll contents, plant biomass, yield and soil properties (pH, NPK, OM and Soluble Cd) were also examined. Results revealed that addition of biochar significantly minimized Cd mobility in soil by 53.4%, 44%, 41% and 36% when RS, WS, AC and SB were added at 2% over control. Comparing the control soil, biochar amended soil effectively reduced Cd uptake via plants shoots by 71.7%, 60.6%, 59% and 36.6%, when RS, WS, AC and SB. Among all the biochar, rice husk induced biochar significantly reduced oxidative stress and reduced SOD, POD and CAT activity by 49%, 40.5% and 46.5% respectively over control. In addition, NPK were significantly increased among all the added biochars in soil–plant system as well as improved chlorophyll contents relative to non-bioachar amended soil. Thus, among all the amendments, rice husk and wheat straw biochar performed well and might be considered the suitable approach for sunflower growth in polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Arif Husain
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bakhsh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ahmed
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Baqir Hussain
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar M A Almunqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yong-Feng Wang
- Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, 233 Guangshan 1st Road, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zeng-Hui Diao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510255, PR China
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Mustafa AEZMA, Alkahtani J, Elshikh MS, Al Shaqhaa MM, Alwahibi MS. Enhanced uptake of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate by the influence of citric acid in Helianthus annuus cultivated in artificially contaminated soil. Chemosphere 2021; 264:128485. [PMID: 33032222 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalic acid (DEHP) is the most extensively practiced plasticizer compound and a representative endocrine disrupting pollutant. Recently, the environmental impact and toxicological causes of DHEP on human health have been extensively investigated. DEHP uptake by plants is most significant biotransformation process of DEHP in environment. In this study, Helianthus annuus (H.annuus), vastly efficient in phytoremediation of polluted soil was selected to study the uptake and phytoremediation of DEHP in contaminated soil. In addition, the effect of citric acid on enhanced uptake and removal of DEHP was also investigated. The orders of biomass concentrations showed in the CA treatments were 200 mM (60.5 g) ˃ 150 mM (54.5) ˃ 100 mM (50.2 g) ˃ 50 mM (46.5 g). The maximum shoot accumulation of DHEP (20 mg/kg) was observed at 200 mM citric acid treatment compared to all other treatments (50, 100, and 150 mM). Significant difference of the antioxidant enzymes activity (CAT, 25.7, POD, 22.5 (μmol H2O2/min/g FW) and COD 5.6 U/g FW) was observed between control and CA treatments as well as different concentrations of CA treated plants. The maximum ALP (0.17 mg.g-1soil.24 h-1) and urease activities (1.65 mg.g-1soil.24 h-1) were observed at 200 mM CA amended soils. The application of citric acid was significantly enhanced the H.annuus growth as well as uptake of DEHP. The results explored that the citric acid has excellent potential for the enhanced uptake of DEHP in contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Zaher M A Mustafa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M Al Shaqhaa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Arif M, Atta S, Bashir MA, Khan MI, Hussain A, Shahjahan M, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS. The impact of Fosetyl-Aluminium application timing on Karnal bunt suppression and economic returns of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244931. [PMID: 33428646 PMCID: PMC7799839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal pathogens exert severe qualitative and quantitative damages to wheat crop. Karnal bunt of wheat caused by Tilletia indica Mitra, Mundkur is a severe threat to global food security. Nonetheless, T. indica is regulated as a quarantine pest in numerous countries, which further aggravates the situation. Tolerant varieties and appropriate management practices for Karnal bunt are imperative to meet the global wheat demands. This two-year study explored the impact of fungicide [Fosetyl-Aluminium (Aliette)] application timing on allometric traits, disease suppression and economic returns of bread wheat. Four bread wheat cultivars differing in their tolerance to Karnal bunt were used in the study. Fungicide was applied as either seed treatment (ST), foliar application at heading (FAH) or ST + FAH, whereas no application (NA) was taken as control. Lasani-08 performed better than the rest of the cultivars in terms of allometric traits (plant height, leaf area, crop growth rate, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content), yield and economic returns. Nonetheless, minimal disease severity was recorded for Lasani-08 compared to other cultivars during both years. The ST improved allometric traits of all cultivars; however, ST + FAH resulted in higher yield and economic returns. Cultivar Pasban-90 observed the highest disease severity and performed poor for allometric traits, yield and economic returns. It is concluded that ST + FAH of Fosetyl-Aluminium could be a pragmatic option to cope Karnal bunt of wheat. Nonetheless, Pasban-90 must not be used for cultivation to avoid yield and quality losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Sagheer Atta
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Bashir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ifnan Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Hussain
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahjahan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Anjum F, Ahmad K, Khan ZI, Nazar S, Bashir H, Ahmad T, Ashfaq A, Munir M, Farooq U, Hussain K, Nadeem M, Alkahtani J, Alwahibi MS, Alnasrawi AMA, Arshad R. Appraisal of Metal Uptake in Wheat Treated with Different Doses of Municipal Solid Waste. Rev Chim 2021. [DOI: 10.37358/rc.20.12.8397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to assess the metal contents (Fe, Zn, Cd, Co) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop by selecting variety (Fareed-06) which was grown in the municipal solid waste amended soil. Metal quantification in segregated plant parts of wheat was done with the help of atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Result depicted the range of metals in plant samples to be 4.03 to 7.82 for Zn, 2.38 to 3.06 for Co, 1.7 to 2.91 for Cd and 66.62 to 81.66 mg/kg for Fe. In wheat grains, the heavy metal concentrations ranged from: 0.79 to 2.03 for Zn, 1.21 to 1.71 for Co, 0.87 to 1.04 for Cd and 10.41 to 21.91 mg/kg for Fe. The concentration of Cd in grains exceeded the limit set by FAO/WHO. The transfer factor and bioconcentration factor was less than 1 for all metals. The pollution load index and enrichment factor for Cd was highest among all metals. Health risk index for Cd in all treatments was ]1 indicating Cd contamination in wheat grains and various health hazards to human. So, the municipal solid waste should be treated properly before its application on agricultural field to reduce the health hazards in human.
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Jabir MS, Hussien AA, Sulaiman GM, Yaseen NY, Dewir YH, Alwahibi MS, Soliman DA, Rizwana H. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Eriobotrya japonica extract: a promising approach against cancer cells proliferation, inflammation, allergic disorders and phagocytosis induction. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2021; 49:48-60. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1867152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid S. Jabir
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Aya A. Hussien
- College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Nahi Y. Yaseen
- Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetics Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yaser H. Dewir
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina A. Soliman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaira Rizwana
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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