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Rizwana H, Aljowaie RM, Al Otibi F, Alwahibi MS, Alharbi SA, Al Asmari SA, Aldosari NS, Aldehaish HA. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of the silver nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extracts of coconut meat (Cocos nucifera L). Sci Rep 2023; 13:16270. [PMID: 37758773 PMCID: PMC10533512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pathogenic fungi and bacteria pose a huge threat to human life, accounting for high rates of mortality every year. Unfortunately, the past few years have seen an upsurge in multidrug resistance pathogens. Consequently, finding an effective alternative antimicrobial agent is of utmost importance. Hence, this study aimed to phytofabricate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of the solid endosperm of Cocos nucifera L, also known as coconut meat (Cm). Green synthesis is a facile, cost-effective and eco-friendly methods which has several benefits over other physical and chemical methods. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The Cm-AgNPs showed a UV-Vis peak at 435 nm and were crystalline and quasi-spherical, with an average size of 15 nm. The FTIR spectrum displayed functional groups of phenols, alkaloids, sugars, amines, and carbonyl compounds, which are vital in the reduction and capping of NPs. The antibacterial and anticandidal efficacy of the Cm-AgNPs was assessed by the agar-well diffusion method and expressed as a zone of inhibition (ZOI). Amongst all the test isolates, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida auris, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis were more susceptible to the NPs with a ZOI of 26.33 ± 0.57 mm, 19.33 ± 0.57 mm, and 18 ± 0.76 mm. The MIC and MFC values for Candida spp. were higher than the bacterial test isolates. Scanning electron microscopic studies of all the test isolates at their MIC concentrations showed drastically altered cell morphology, indicating that the NPs could successfully cross the cell barrier and damage the cell integrity, causing cell death. This study reports the efficacy of Cm-AgNPs against several Candida and bacterial strains, which had not been reported in earlier studies. Furthermore, the synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antioxidant activity. Thus, the findings of this study strongly imply that the Cm-AgNPs can serve as promising candidates for therapeutic applications, especially against multidrug-resistant isolates of Candida and bacteria. However, further investigation is needed to understand the mode of action and biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Rizwana
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reem M Aljowaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Al Otibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Ali Alharbi
- Department of Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Regional Laboratory, 14969, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ali Al Asmari
- Department of Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Regional Laboratory, 14969, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura S Aldosari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Horiah A Aldehaish
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alzahrani RR, Alkhulaifi MM, Alenazi NM, Almusayeib NM, Amina M, Awad MA, Elmubarak AH, Aldosari NS. Characterization and biological investigation of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from Galaxaura rugosa against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Journal of Taibah University for Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2020.1854495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghad R. Alzahrani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M. Alkhulaifi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf M. Alenazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal M. Almusayeib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A. Awad
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aarif H. Elmubarak
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura S. Aldosari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alkhulaifi MM, Alshehri JH, Alwehaibi MA, Awad MA, Al-Enazi NM, Aldosari NS, Hatamleh AA, Abdel- Raouf N. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Citrus limon peels and evaluation of their antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3434-3441. [PMID: 33304153 PMCID: PMC7715020 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using biological waste products Citrus limon peels, its characterization, antimicrobial activities and the cytotoxic effect of the synthesized green AgNPs. Characterization of the prepared AgNPs showed the formation of spherical, and few agglomerated AgNPs forms as measured by UV–visible spectrophotometer. The average size of the prepared AgNPs was 59.74 nm as measured by DLS technique. The spectrum of the synthesized AgNPs was observed at 3 KeV using the EDX. On the other hand, FTIR analysis of the green synthesized AgNPs showed the presence of alcohols, phenolics, mono-substituted alkynes, aliphatic primary amines, sodium salt, amino acid, or SiOH alcohol groups. The antimicrobial studies of the formed AgNPs showed positive activity against most of the studied human pathogenic bacteria with varying degrees. Finally, the evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of the green synthesized AgNPs were done using two types of cell lines, human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human colon carcinoma cell line (HCT-116). The results revealed the concentration has a direct correlation with cell viability. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of MCF-7 cell line was in of 23.5 ± 0.97 µL/100 µL, whereas the HCT-116 cell line was in 37.48 ± 5.93 µL/100 µL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M. Alkhulaifi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamilah H. Alshehri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moudi A. Alwehaibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A. Awad
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf M. Al-Enazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura S. Aldosari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia (N. Abdel-Raouf).
| | - Ashraf A. Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neveen Abdel- Raouf
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 65211, Egypt
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia (N. Abdel-Raouf).
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Aldalbahi A, Alterary S, Ali Abdullrahman Almoghim R, Awad MA, Aldosari NS, Fahad Alghannam S, Nasser Alabdan A, Alharbi S, Ali Mohammed Alateeq B, Abdulrahman Al Mohsen A, Alkathiri MA, Abdulrahman Alrashed R. Greener Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Characterization and Multifaceted Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E4198. [PMID: 32937751 PMCID: PMC7571220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have unique properties compared to their bulk counterparts, and they have potentials for various applications in many fields of life science. Green-synthesized NPs have garnered considerable interest due to their inherent features such as rapidity, eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana as a reducing agent. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The antimicrobial potential of the synthesized ZnO NPs against bacterial and fungal strains was examined by the disk diffusion method, and they showed a promising antibacterial and antifungal potential. The catalytic activity of the synthesized ZnO NPs in reducing methylene blue (MB) and eosin was studied via UV-Vis spectroscopy. The decolorization percentages of the MB and Eosin Y dyes were 84% and 94%, respectively, which indicate an efficient degradation of the ZnO NPs. In addition, the cytotoxic activity of the ZnO NPs on the HeLa cell line was evaluated via in vitro assay. The MTT assay results demonstrate a potent cytotoxic effect of the ZnO NPs against the HeLa cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aldalbahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah Institute of Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seham Alterary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah Institute of Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal A. Awad
- King Abdullah Institute of Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura S. Aldosari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (S.F.A.); (B.A.M.A.); (A.A.A.M.)
| | - Shouq Fahad Alghannam
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (S.F.A.); (B.A.M.A.); (A.A.A.M.)
| | - Alhanouf Nasser Alabdan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.A.); (A.N.A.)
| | - Shaden Alharbi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Budur Ali Mohammed Alateeq
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (S.F.A.); (B.A.M.A.); (A.A.A.M.)
| | - Atheer Abdulrahman Al Mohsen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.A.); (S.F.A.); (B.A.M.A.); (A.A.A.M.)
| | - Munirah A. Alkathiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Raghad Abdulrahman Alrashed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (R.A.A.)
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A. Awad M, M. Alkhulaifi M, S. Aldosari N, Alzahly S, Aldalbahi A. Novel Eco-Synthesis of PD Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization, Assessment of Its Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Properties. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12233890. [PMID: 31775310 PMCID: PMC6926862 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is growing due to the development of new medical diagnostic tools and new nanostructure-based therapies that exert direct biological action or function as pharmacological carriers. Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis provides an eco-friendly approach for different applications. Among NPs, silver NPs (AgNPs) are gaining considerable research interest due to their broad range of activity and their usability in the medical and biotechnology fields. In this study, a new AgNP synthesis method was developed using an aqueous pigeon dropping (PD) extract in silver nitrate (AgNO3). The rapid of AgNPs yield was detected visually. Analysis of UV-vis spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electron microscopy (TEM) transmission showed a spherical or near spherical shape of AgNPs with mean size of 135 nm. AgNPs antimicrobial activities (anti-bacterial and anti-fungal) were determined using agar well diffusion method. These NPs further screened for anticancer activity in vitro using A-549 and MCF-7 cell lines. The results showed that the inhibition zone for the obtained PD AgNPs versus Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus were 26, 18, 17 and 15 mm, respectively. PD AgNPs showed the highest antifungal effect against Aspergillusflavus and the lowest effect against Penicillium griseofulvum. In vitro anti-cancer activities showed that the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of AgNPs was 10.3 ± 1.15 and 12.19 ± 0.75 µg mL−1 against A-549 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A. Awad
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.) and (A.A.)
| | - Manal M. Alkhulaifi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.)
| | - Noura S. Aldosari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.A.); (N.S.A.)
| | - Shaykha Alzahly
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Aldalbahi
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.) and (A.A.)
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