1
|
Casper E, El Wakeel L, Sabri N, Khorshid R, Fahmy SF. Melatonin: A potential protective multifaceted force for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Life Sci 2024; 346:122611. [PMID: 38580195 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition manifested by organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Lung, brain, liver, kidney, and heart are among the affected organs. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is a common cause of death among septic patients. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is characterized by an acute and reversible significant decline in biventricular both systolic and diastolic function. This is accompanied by left ventricular dilatation. The pathogenesis underlying sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is multifactorial. Hence, targeting an individual pathway may not be effective in halting the extensive dysregulated immune response. Despite major advances in sepsis management strategies, no effective pharmacological strategies have been shown to treat or even reverse sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Melatonin, namely, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, is synthesized in the pineal gland of mammals and can also be produced in many cells and tissues. Melatonin has cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-tumor activity. Several literature reviews have explored the role of melatonin in preventing sepsis-induced organ failure. Melatonin was found to act on different pathways that are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Through its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity, it offers a potential role in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Its antioxidant activity is through free radical scavenging against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and modulating the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Melatonin anti-inflammatory activities control the overactive immune system and mitigate cytokine storm. Also, it mitigates mitochondrial dysfunction, a major mechanism involved in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, and thus controls apoptosis. Therefore, this review discusses melatonin as a promising drug for the management of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Casper
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Lamia El Wakeel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nagwa Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ramy Khorshid
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ain Shams University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sarah F Fahmy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Córdoba-Moreno MO, Santos GC, Muxel SM, Dos Santos-Silva D, Quiles CL, Sousa KDS, Markus RP, Fernandes PACM. IL-10-induced STAT3/NF-κB crosstalk modulates pineal and extra-pineal melatonin synthesis. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12923. [PMID: 37990784 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Immune-pineal axis activation is part of the assembly of immune responses. Proinflammatory cytokines inhibit the pineal synthesis of melatonin while inducing it in macrophages by mechanisms dependent on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. Cytokines activating the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), modulate melatonin synthesis in the pineal, bone marrow (BM), and spleen. The stimulatory effect of IFN-γ upon the pineal gland depends on STAT1/NF-κB interaction, but the mechanisms controlling IL-10 effects on melatonin synthesis remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the role of STAT3 and NF-κB activation by IL-10 upon the melatonin synthesis of rats' pineal gland, BM, spleen, and peritoneal cells. The results show that IL-10-induced interaction of (p)STAT3 with specific NF-κB dimmers leads to different cell effects. IL-10 increases the pineal's acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT), N-acetylserotonin, and melatonin content via nuclear translocation of NF-κB/STAT3. In BM, the nuclear translocation of STAT3/p65-NF-κB complexes increases ASMT expression and melatonin content. Increased pSTAT3/p65-NF-κB nuclear translocation in the spleen enhances phosphorylated serotonin N-acetyltransferase ((p)SNAT) expression and melatonin content. Conversely, in peritoneal cells, IL-10 leads to NF-κB p50/p50 inhibitory dimmer nuclear translocation, decreasing (p)SNAT expression and melatonin content. In conclusion, IL-10's effects on melatonin production depend on the NF-κB subunits interacting with (p)STAT3. Thus, variations of IL-10 levels and downstream pathways during immune responses might be critical regulatory factors adjusting pineal and extra-pineal synthesis of melatonin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra M Muxel
- Department of Physiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kassiano D S Sousa
- Department of Physiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina P Markus
- Department of Physiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
LeFort KR, Rungratanawanich W, Song BJ. Melatonin Prevents Alcohol- and Metabolic Dysfunction- Associated Steatotic Liver Disease by Mitigating Gut Dysbiosis, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, and Endotoxemia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:43. [PMID: 38247468 PMCID: PMC10812487 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) has often been used to support good sleep quality, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, as many have suffered from stress-related disrupted sleep patterns. It is less known that MT is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory compound, and modulator of gut barrier dysfunction, which plays a significant role in many disease states. Furthermore, MT is produced at 400-500 times greater concentrations in intestinal enterochromaffin cells, supporting the role of MT in maintaining the functions of the intestines and gut-organ axes. Given this information, the focus of this article is to review the functions of MT and the molecular mechanisms by which it prevents alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), including its metabolism and interactions with mitochondria to exert its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the gut-liver axis. We detail various mechanisms by which MT acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory compound, and modulator of intestinal barrier function to prevent the progression of ALD and MASLD via the gut-liver axis, with a focus on how these conditions are modeled in animal studies. Using the mechanisms of MT prevention and animal studies described, we suggest behavioral modifications and several exogenous sources of MT, including food and supplements. Further clinical research should be performed to develop the field of MT in preventing the progression of liver diseases via the gut-liver axis, so we mention a few considerations regarding MT supplementation in the context of clinical trials in order to advance this field of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karli R. LeFort
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | | | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Covassin N, Somers VK. Sleep, melatonin, and cardiovascular disease. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22:979-981. [PMID: 37863599 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(23)00363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naima Covassin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Virend K Somers
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Villafán H, Gutiérrez-Ospina G. Looking beyond Self-Protection: The Eyes Instruct Systemic Immune Tolerance Early in Life. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1261. [PMID: 37759864 PMCID: PMC10526493 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The eyes provide themselves with immune tolerance. Frequent skin inflammatory diseases in young blind people suggest, nonetheless, that the eyes instruct a systemic immune tolerance that benefits the whole body. We tested this premise by using delayed skin contact hypersensitivity (DSCH) as a tool to compare the inflammatory response developed by sighted (S) and birth-enucleated (BE) mice against oxazolone or dinitrofluorobenzene at the ages of 10, 30 and 60 days of life. Adult mice enucleated (AE) at 60 days of age were also assessed when they reached 120 days of life. BE mice displayed exacerbated DSCH at 60 but not at 10 or 30 days of age. AE mice, in contrast, show no exacerbated DSCH. Skin inflammation in 60-day-old BE mice was hapten exclusive and supported by distinct CD8+ lymphocytes. The number of intraepidermal T lymphocytes and migrating Langerhans cells was, however, similar between S and BE mice by the age of 60 days. Our observations support the idea that the eyes instruct systemic immune tolerance that benefits organs outside the eyes from an early age. The higher prevalence of inflammatory skin disorders reported in young people might then reflect reduced immune tolerance associated with the impaired functional morphology of the eyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Villafán
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio D, 1piso, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospina
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Coordinación de Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Department of Zoology and Physiology and Wyoming Sensory Biology Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
França DCH, Fujimori M, de Queiroz AA, Borges MD, Magalhães Neto AM, de Camargos PJV, Ribeiro EB, França EL, Honorio-França AC, Fagundes-Triches DLG. Melatonin and Cytokines Modulate Daily Instrumental Activities of Elderly People with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108647. [PMID: 37239991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment analyzes the health and quality of life of the elderly. Basic and instrumental daily activities may be compromised due to neuroimmunoendocrine changes, and studies suggest that possible immunological changes occur during infections in the elderly. Thus, this study aimed to analyze cytokine and melatonin levels in serum and correlate the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The sample consisted of 73 elderly individuals, 43 of whom were without infection and 30 of whom had positive diagnoses of COVID-19. Blood samples were collected to quantify cytokines by flow cytometry and melatonin by ELISA. In addition, structured and validated questionnaires were applied to assess basic (Katz) and instrumental (Lawton and Brody) activities. There was an increase in IL-6, IL-17, and melatonin in the group of elderly individuals with infection. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between melatonin and IL-6 and IL-17 in elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the score of the Lawton and Brody Scale in the infected elderly. These data suggest that the melatonin hormone and inflammatory cytokines are altered in the serum of the elderly with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, there is a degree of dependence, mainly regarding the performance of daily instrumental activities, in the elderly. The considerable impact on the elderly person's ability to perform everyday tasks necessary for independent living is an extremely important result, and changes in cytokines and melatonin probably are associated with alterations in these daily activities of the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmi Fujimori
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Adriele Ataídes de Queiroz
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Maraísa Delmut Borges
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Aníbal Monteiro Magalhães Neto
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - Elton Brito Ribeiro
- Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78557-287, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luzía França
- Biological and Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Casanova A, Wevers A, Navarro-Ledesma S, Pruimboom L. Mitochondria: It is all about energy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1114231. [PMID: 37179826 PMCID: PMC10167337 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron and calcium homeostasis to the production of hormones and neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable and influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, the nucleus, and the outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk mechanisms between mitochondria and circadian clocks, the gut microbiota, and the immune system. They might even be the hub supporting and integrating activity across all these domains. Hence, they might be the (missing) link in both health and disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular and infectious diseases, and inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and chronic pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding the mitochondrial mechanisms of action that allow for the maintenance of mitochondrial health and the pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although mitochondria have allowed us to adapt to changes over the course of evolution, in turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences mitochondria in its own way. The use of physiological stress triggers tolerance to the stressor, achieving adaptability and resistance. This review describes strategies that could recover mitochondrial functioning in multiple diseases, providing a comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach to recovering health and treating people suffering from chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amaloha Casanova
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Anne Wevers
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Leo Pruimboom
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hohor S, Mandanach C, Maftei A, Zugravu CA, Oțelea MR. Impaired Melatonin Secretion, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Night Shift Work. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040959. [PMID: 37107334 PMCID: PMC10135726 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome has been associated in many studies with working in shifts. Even if the mechanistic details are not fully understood, forced sleep deprivation and exposure to light, as happens during night shifts, or irregular schedules with late or very early onset of the working program, lead to a sleep-wake rhythm misalignment, metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress. The cyclic melatonin secretion is regulated by the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and light exposure. At a central level, melatonin promotes sleep and inhibits wake-signals. Beside this role, melatonin acts as an antioxidant and influences the functionality of the cardiovascular system and of different metabolic processes. This review presents data about the influence of night shifts on melatonin secretion and oxidative stress. Assembling data from epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies contributes to a better understanding of the pathological links between chronodisruption and the metabolic syndrome related to working in shifts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Hohor
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Mandanach
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Maftei
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei, Sector 1, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina Aurelia Zugravu
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marina Ruxandra Oțelea
- Clinical Department 5, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang K, Cai R, Fei S, Chen X, Feng S, Zhang L, Liu H, Zhang Z, Song J, Zhou R. Melatonin enhances anti-tumor immunity by targeting macrophages PD-L1 via exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 568-569:111917. [PMID: 37028587 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is a hormone with potential anti-tumor properties, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the effect of MLT on exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells, with the goal of gaining insight into its anti-tumor activity. Results from in vitro experiments showed that MLT was able to enhance the anti-tumor activity of macrophages that had been suppressed by exosomes from gastric cancer cells. This effect was achieved through regulation of the levels of PD-L1 in macrophages via modulation of the associated microRNAs in the cancer-derived exosomes. Furthermore, MLT treatment increased the secretion of TNF-α and CXCL10 by the macrophages. Besides, MLT treatment of gastric cancer cells led to the production of exosomes that promoted the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to the tumor site, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth. Collectively, these results provide evidence for the modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by MLT through regulation of exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells, suggesting a potential role for MLT in novel anti-tumor immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaifang Wang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China; School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hongkong, China.
| | - Rong Cai
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuting Fei
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuzheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sisi Feng
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Song
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Ruixiang Zhou
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Verma AK, Singh S, Rizvi SI. Therapeutic potential of melatonin and its derivatives in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Biogerontology 2023; 24:183-206. [PMID: 36550377 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with increasing impairments in brain homeostasis and represents the main risk factor across most neurodegenerative disorders. Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone that regulates mammalian chronobiology and endocrine functions is well known for its antioxidant potential, exhibiting both cytoprotective and chronobiotic abilities. Age-related decline of melatonin disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis and cytosolic DNA-mediated inflammatory reactions in neurons is a major contributory factor in the emergence of neurological abnormalities. There is scattered literature on the possible use of melatonin against neurodegenerative mechanisms in the aging process and its associated diseases. We have searched PUBMED with many combinations of key words for available literature spanning two decades. Based on the vast number of experimental papers, we hereby review recent advancements concerning the potential impact of melatonin on cellular redox balance and mitochondrial dynamics in the context of neurodegeneration. Next, we discuss a broader explanation of the involvement of disrupted redox homeostasis in the pathophysiology of age-related diseases and its connection to circadian mechanisms. Our effort may result in the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches. Finally, we summarize the current knowledge on molecular and circadian regulatory mechanisms of melatonin to overcome neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, however, these findings need to be confirmed by larger, well-designed clinical trials. This review is also expected to uncover the associated molecular alterations in the aging brain and explain how melatonin-mediated circadian restoration of neuronal homeodynamics may increase healthy lifespan in age-related NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avnish Kumar Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Hadassah Medical Center - Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Córdoba-Moreno MO, Mendes MT, Markus RP, Fernandes PA. Rat resistance to rheumatoid arthritis induction as a function of the early-phase adrenal-pineal crosstalk. J Physiol 2023; 601:535-549. [PMID: 36287128 DOI: 10.1113/jp283456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases are triggered by causal stimuli that might occur long before the appearance of the symptoms. Increasing evidence suggests that these stimuli are necessary but not always sufficient to induce the diseases. The murine model of type II collagen emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (collagen-induced arthritis) to induce rheumatoid arthritis (RA) follows this pattern as some animals do not develop the chronically inflamed phenotype. Considering that in the immune-pineal axis (IPA) theory adrenal-pineal cross-talk adjusts early phases of inflammatory processes, we investigated whether differences in IPA activation could explain why some animals are resistant (RES) while others develop RA. We observed a similar increase in 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) excretion from day 3 to 13 in both RES and RA animals, followed by a significant decrease in RA animals. This pattern of aMT6s excretion positively correlated with plasma corticosterone (CORT) in RES animals. Additionally, RA animals presented a lower aMT6s/CORT ratio than saline-injected or RES animals. Plasmatic levels of tumour necrosis factor were similar in both groups, but interleukin (IL)-1β and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) levels were lower in RES compared to RA animals. IL-2 and IL-4 were decreased in RES animals compared to saline-injected animals. The aMT6s/CORT ratio inversely correlated with the paw thickness and the inflammatory score (levels of IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-2 and IL-4 combined). Thus, adrenocortical-pineal positive interaction is an early defence mechanism for avoiding inflammatory chronification. KEY POINTS: Immune-pineal axis imbalance is observed in early-phase rheumatoid arthritis development. Only resistant animals present a positive association between adrenal and pineal hormones. The 6-sulfatoxymelatonin/corticosterone ratio is decreased in animals that develop rheumatoid arthritis. The inflammatory score combining the levels of nocturnal interleukin (IL)-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, IL-2 and IL-4 presents a very strong positive correlation with the size of inflammatory lesion. The 6-sulfatoxymelatonin/corticosterone ratio presents a strong negative correlation with the inflammatory score and paw oedema size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Regina P Markus
- Department of Physiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang K, Qiu X, Cao L, Qiu S. The role of melatonin in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:975181. [PMID: 36278157 PMCID: PMC9585202 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.975181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an important endogenous hormone that modulates homeostasis in the microenvironment. Recent studies have indicated that serum melatonin levels are closely associated with the occurrence and development of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Exogenous melatonin could also improve bone mass and increase skeletal strength. To determine the underlying mechanisms of melatonin in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, we performed this review to analyze the role of melatonin in bone metabolism according to its physiological functions. Serum melatonin is related to bone mass, the measurement of which is a potential method for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Melatonin has a direct effect on bone remodeling by promoting osteogenesis and suppressing osteoclastogenesis. Melatonin also regulates the biological rhythm of bone tissue, which benefits its osteogenic effect. Additionally, melatonin participates in the modulation of the bone microenvironment. Melatonin attenuates the damage induced by oxidative stress and inflammation on osteoblasts and prevents osteolysis from reactive oxygen species and inflammatory factors. As an alternative drug for osteoporosis, melatonin can improve the gut ecology, remodel microbiota composition, regulate substance absorption and maintain metabolic balance, all of which are beneficial to the health of bone structure. In conclusion, our review systematically demonstrates the effects of melatonin on bone metabolism. Based on the evidence in this review, melatonin will play a more important role in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keda Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueshan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Cao, ; Shui Qiu,
| | - Shui Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Cao, ; Shui Qiu,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Assis VR, Titon SCM, Voyles J. Ecoimmunology: What Unconventional Organisms Tell Us after Two Decades. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:icac148. [PMID: 36250609 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vania R Assis
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Stefanny C M Titon
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Jamie Voyles
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Melatonin finely tunes proliferation and senescence in hematopoietic stem cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
15
|
Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology: A Role for Melatonin in This New Paradigm. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154888. [PMID: 35956837 PMCID: PMC9370109 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology is the area of study of the intimate relationship between immune, physical, emotional, and psychological aspects. This new way of studying the human body and its diseases was initiated in the last century’s first decades. However, the molecules that participate in the communication between the immune, endocrine, and neurological systems are still being discovered. This paper aims to describe the development of psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology, its scopes, limitations in actual medicine, and the extent of melatonin within it.
Collapse
|
16
|
Theofilis P, Vordoni A, Kalaitzidis RG. The Role of Melatonin in Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Associated Risk Factors: A New Tool in Our Arsenal? Am J Nephrol 2022; 53:565-574. [PMID: 35767942 DOI: 10.1159/000525441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as a consequence of the high prevalence of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), warrants the need for developing effective treatment approaches. In this regard, the pineal gland-derived hormone melatonin may represent an appealing treatment approach of CKD and its associated risk factors. SUMMARY Targeting the adverse pathophysiology surrounding CKD and its associated risk factors has been the concept of pharmacologic treatment developed for its management. This review article aimed to present the role of melatonin in this direction, by providing an overview of melatonin's physiology followed by its effect as a therapeutic agent in arterial hypertension and T2DM. KEY MESSAGES Melatonin, the primary darkness hormone, possesses pleiotropic mechanisms of action which may have important implications in various pathologic states since its receptors are situated across various organ systems. As a treatment tool in arterial hypertension, melatonin may be efficacious in reducing both daytime and nocturnal blood pressure by influencing endothelial function, oxidative stress, the autonomic nervous system, and the renin-angiotensin system. Melatonin may also increase insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. However, late meal intake may be detrimental in glucose regulation, as consumption close to melatonin peak concentrations may induce hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. This finding may explain the inconsistent glycose regulation achieved with melatonin in clinical trials and meta-analyses. Additionally, the presence of genetic variants to melatonin receptor 2 may predispose to T2DM development. Finally, we present the available preclinical evidence supporting melatonin's efficacy in ameliorating CKD's pathophysiology since melatonin supplementation has not been adequately explored in patients with CKD. The combined use of stem cells with melatonin is an appealing therapeutic approach which ought to be assessed further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Theofilis
- General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus Agios Panteleimon, Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", Piraeus, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Vordoni
- General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus Agios Panteleimon, Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", Piraeus, Greece
| | - Rigas G Kalaitzidis
- General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus Agios Panteleimon, Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", Piraeus, Greece
| |
Collapse
|