1
|
Kunrath MF, Giraldo-Osorno PM, Mendes K, Gomes ATPC, Rosa N, Barros M, Dahlin C. Unveiling the consequences of early human saliva contamination on membranes for guided bone regeneration. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38644743 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS GBR membranes have various surface properties designed to elicit positive responses in regenerative clinical procedures; dental clinicians attempt to employ techniques to prevent the direct interaction of contaminated oral fluids with these biomaterials. However, saliva is uninterruptedly exhibited in oral surgical procedures applying GBR membranes, suggesting a persistent interaction with biomaterials and the surrounding oral tissues. This fundamental study aimed to investigate potential alterations in the physical, chemical, and key biological properties of membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR) caused by isolated early interaction with human saliva. METHODS A reproducible step-by-step protocol for collecting and interacting human saliva with membranes was developed. Subsequently, membranes were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, protein quantification, DNA, and 16S rRNA levels viability of two different cell lines at 1 and 7 days, and ALP activity. Non-interacted membranes and pure saliva of donors were applied as controls. RESULTS Qualitative morphological alterations were noticed; DNA extraction and 16S quantification revealed significantly higher values. Furthermore, the viability of HGF-1 and MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly (p < .05) reduced following saliva interaction with biodegradable membranes. Saliva contamination did not prejudice PTFE membranes significantly in any biological assay. CONCLUSIONS These outcomes demonstrated a susceptible response of biodegradable membranes to isolated early human saliva interaction, suggesting impairment of structural morphology, reduced viability to HGF-1 and MC3T3-E1, and higher absorption/adherence of DNA/16S rRNA. As a result, clinical oral procedures may need corresponding refinements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, Portugal
- Dentistry Department, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula Milena Giraldo-Osorno
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Karina Mendes
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Ana T P C Gomes
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Nuno Rosa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Marlene Barros
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Christer Dahlin
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Riivari S, Areid N, Närvä E, Willberg J, Närhi T. Saliva exposure reduces gingival keratinocyte growth on TiO 2-coated titanium. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:25. [PMID: 38635066 PMCID: PMC11026266 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06792-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive, nanoporous TiO2-coating has been shown to enhance cell attachment on titanium implant surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate, whether the saliva proteins affect the epithelial cell adhesion on TiO2-coated and non-coated titanium. Grade V titanium discs were polished. Half of the discs were provided with TiO2-coating produced in sol with polycondensation method. Half of the TiO2-coated and non-coated discs were treated with pasteurized saliva for 30 min. After saliva treatment, the total protein amounts on surfaces were measured. Next, the hydrophilicity of discs were measured with water contact angle measurements. Further, the gingival keratinocyte adhesion strength was measured after 2 and 6 h of cultivation using serial trypsinization. In addition, cell growth and proliferation were measured after 1, 3, and 7 days of cell culture. Finally, cell morphology, spreading and adhesion protein signals were detected with high resolution confocal microscopy. As a result, in sol coated TiO2-surface had significantly higher hydrophilicity when compared to non-coated titanium, meanwhile both non-coated and TiO2-coated surfaces with saliva treatment had a significant increase in hydrophilicity. Importantly, the amounts of adhered saliva proteins were equal between TiO2-coated and non-coated surfaces. Adhesion strength against enzymatic detachment was weakest on non-coated titanium after saliva exposure. Cell proliferation and cell spreading were highest on TiO2-coated titanium, but saliva exposure significantly decreased cell proliferation and spreading on TiO2-coated surface. To conclude, even though saliva exposure makes titanium surfaces more hydrophilic, it seems to neutralize the bioactive TiO2-coating and decrease cell attachment to TiO2-coated surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sini Riivari
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Nagat Areid
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Elisa Närvä
- Institute of Biomedicine and Cancer Research Laboratory FICAN West, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Willberg
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
- Wellbeing Services County of South-West Finland and University of Turku, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kunrath MF, Rubensam G, Rodrigues FVF, Marinowic DR, Sesterheim P, de Oliveira SD, Teixeira ER, Hubler R. Nano-scaled surfaces and sustainable-antibiotic-release from polymeric coating for application on intra-osseous implants and trans-mucosal abutments. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113417. [PMID: 37356139 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional surfaces may display the potential to accelerate and promote the healing process around dental implants. However, the initial cellular biocompatibility, molecular activity, and the release of functionalized molecules from these novel surfaces require extensive investigation for clinical use. Aiming to develop and compare innovative surfaces for application in dental implants, the present study utilized titanium disks, which were treated and divided into four groups: machined (Macro); acid-etched (Micro); anodized-hydrophilic surface (TNTs); and anodized surface coated with a rifampicin-loaded polymeric layer (poly(lactide-co-glycolide), PLGA) (TNTsRIMP). The samples were characterized regarding their physicochemical properties and the cumulative release of rifampicin (RIMP), investigated at different pH values. Additionally, differentiated osteoblasts from mesenchymal cells were used for cell viability and qRT-PCR analysis. Antibacterial properties of each surface treatment were investigated against Staphylococcus epidermidis. TNTsRIMP demonstrated controlled drug release for up to 7 days in neutral pH environments. Osteogenic cell cultures indicated that all the evaluated surfaces showed biocompatibility. The TNTs group revealed up-regulated values for bone-related gene quantification in 7 days, followed by the TNTsRIMP group. Furthermore, the antibiotic-functionalized surface revealed effectiveness to inhibit S. epidermidis and stimulate promising conditions for osteogenic cell behavior. Characteristics such as nanomorphology and hydrophilicity were determinants for the up-regulated quantification of osteogenic biomarkers related to early bone maturation, encouraging application in intra-osseous implant surfaces; in addition, antibiotic-functionalized surfaces demonstrated significant higher antibacterial properties compared to the other groups. Our findings suggest that polymeric-antibiotic-loaded coating might be applied for the prevention of early infections, favoring its application in multifunctional surfaces for intra- and/or trans-mucosal components of dental implants, while, hydrophilic nanotextured surfaces promoted optimistic properties to stimulate early bone-related cell responses, favoring its application in bone-anchored surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Toxicology and Pharmacology Research Center (INTOX),School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; School of Technology, Post-Graduate Program in Materials Technology and Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Rubensam
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Research Center (INTOX),School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe V F Rodrigues
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel R Marinowic
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Sesterheim
- Experimental Cardiology Center, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sílvia D de Oliveira
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Teixeira
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Hubler
- School of Technology, Post-Graduate Program in Materials Technology and Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kunrath MF, Dahlin C. Does saliva contamination interfere or stimulate regenerative processes applying current biomaterials on oral surgical sites? Br Dent J 2023; 234:305-307. [PMID: 36899235 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-5573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Innovative dental biomaterials have been developed in order to stimulate higher biocompatibility and faster healing times using responsive surfaces for regenerative procedures. However, saliva is one of the fluids to interact with these biomaterials in the first instance. Studies have revealed significant negative effects on the biomaterials' properties, biocompatibility and bacterial colonisation after saliva contact. Nevertheless, the current literature is unclear about the profound effects of saliva on regenerative procedures. The scientific community urges further detailed studies associating innovative biomaterials/saliva/microbiology/immunology in order to clarify clinical outcomes. This paper discusses and provides information about the challenges of research using human saliva, the lack of standardisation in protocols applying saliva, and tentative applications of saliva proteins associated with innovative dental biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, PO Box 412, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Dentistry, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Christer Dahlin
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, PO Box 412, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Oral, Maxillofacial Surgery and Research and Development, NU Hospital Organisation, Trollhättan, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liao M, Shi Y, Chen E, Shou Y, Dai D, Xian W, Ren B, Xiao S, Cheng L. The Bio-Aging of Biofilms on Behalf of Various Oral Status on Different Titanium Implant Materials. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010332. [PMID: 36613775 PMCID: PMC9820730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of titanium implants are affected by bio-aging due to long-term exposure to the oral microenvironment. This study aimed to investigate probable changes in titanium plates after different biofilm bio-aging processes, representing various oral status. Titanium plates with different surface treatments were used, including polish, sandblasted with large grit and acid etched (SLA), microarc oxidation (MAO), and hydroxyapatite coating (HA). We established dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-Candida albicans (C. albicans) and saliva biofilms from the healthy and patients with stage III-IV periodontitis, respectively. After bio-aging with these biofilms for 30 days, the surface morphology, chemical composition, and water contact angles were measured. The adhesion of human gingival epithelial cells, human gingival fibroblasts, and three-species biofilms (Streptococcus sanguis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum) were evaluated. The polished specimens showed no significant changes after bio-aging with these biofilms. The MAO- and SLA-treated samples showed mild corrosion after bio-aging with the salivary biofilms. The HA-coated specimens were the most vulnerable. Salivary biofilms, especially saliva from patients with periodontitis, exhibited a more distinct erosion on the HA-coating than the S. aureus-C. albicans dual-biofilms. The coating became thinner and even fell from the substrate. The surface became more hydrophilic and more prone to the adhesion of bacteria. The S. aureus-C. albicans dual-biofilms had a comparatively mild corrosion effect on these samples. The HA-coated samples showed more severe erosion after bio-aging with the salivary biofilms from patients with periodontitis compared to those of the healthy, which emphasized the importance of oral hygiene and periodontal health to implants in the long run.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Enni Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuke Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dongyue Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenpan Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shimeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (S.X.); (L.C.)
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (S.X.); (L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iosif C, Cuc S, Prodan D, Moldovan M, Petean I, Labunet A, Barbu Tudoran L, Badea IC, Man SC, Badea ME, Chifor R. Mechanical Properties of Orthodontic Cements and Their Behavior in Acidic Environments. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7904. [PMID: 36431389 PMCID: PMC9697370 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present research is focused on three different classes of orthodontic cements: resin composites (e.g., BracePaste); resin-modified glass ionomer RMGIC (e.g., Fuji Ortho) and resin cement (e.g., Transbond). Their mechanical properties such as compressive strength, diametral tensile strength and flexural strength were correlated with the samples' microstructures, liquid absorption, and solubility in liquid. The results show that the best compressive (100 MPa) and flexural strength (75 Mpa) was obtained by BracePaste and the best diametral tensile strength was obtained by Transbond (230 MPa). The lowestvalues were obtained by Fuji Ortho RMGIC. The elastic modulus is relatively high around 14 GPa for BracePaste, and Fuji Ortho and Transbond have only 7 GPa. The samples were also subjected to artificial saliva and tested in different acidic environments such as Coca-Cola and Red Bull. Their absorption and solubility were investigated at different times ranging from 1 day to 21 days. Fuji Ortho presents the highest liquid absorption followed by Transbond, the artificial saliva has the best absorption and Red Bull has the lowest absorption. The best resistance to the liquids was obtained by BracePaste in all environments. Coca-Cola presents values four times greater than the ones observed for artificial saliva. Solubility tests show that BracePaste is more soluble in artificial saliva, and Fuji Ortho and Transbond are more soluble in Red Bull and Coca-Cola. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images evidenced a compact structure for BracePaste in all environments sustaining the lower liquid absorption values. Fuji Ortho and Transbond present a fissure network allowing the liquid to carry out in-depth penetration of materials. SEM observations are in good agreement with the atomic force microscopy (AFM) results. The surface roughness decreases with the acidity increasing for BracePaste meanwhile it increases with the acidity for Fuji Ortho and Transbond. In conclusion: BracePaste is recommended for long-term orthodontic treatment for patients who regularly consume acidic beverages, Fuji Ortho is recommended for short-term orthodontic treatment for patients who regularly consume acidic beverages and Transbond is recommended for orthodontic treatment over an average time period for patients who do not regularly consume acidic beverages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Iosif
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stanca Cuc
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry “Raluca Ripan”, University Babes-Bolyai, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Doina Prodan
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry “Raluca Ripan”, University Babes-Bolyai, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry “Raluca Ripan”, University Babes-Bolyai, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Petean
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Babes-Bolyai, 11 Arany János Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Labunet
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu Tudoran
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Biology and Geology Faculty, Babes-Bolyai University, 5–7 Clinicilor Str., 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Electron Microscopy Integrated Laboratory, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iulia Clara Badea
- Dental Prevention Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Avram Iancu 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sorin Claudiu Man
- Mother and Child Department, 3Rd Department of Paediatrics, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2-4 Campeni Street, 400217 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mîndra Eugenia Badea
- Dental Prevention Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Avram Iancu 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Chifor
- Dental Prevention Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Avram Iancu 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hayashi K, Kishida R, Tsuchiya A, Ishikawa K. Channel Aperture Characteristics of Carbonate Apatite Honeycomb Scaffolds Affect Ingrowths of Bone and Fibrous Tissues in Vertical Bone Augmentation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:627. [PMID: 36354538 PMCID: PMC9687283 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic scaffolds with the ability to prevent fibrous tissue penetration and promote bone augmentation may realize guided bone regeneration without the use of a barrier membrane for dental implantation. Here, we fabricated two types of honeycomb scaffolds of carbonate apatite, a bone mineral analog, whose channel apertures were square (HC-S) and rectangular (HC-R). The side lengths of the HC-Ss and HC-Rs were 265.8 ± 8.9; 817.7 ± 2.4 and 267.1 ± 5.2 μm, respectively. We placed cylindrical HC-Ss and HC-Rs on the rabbit calvaria. At 4 weeks post-implantation, the HC-Ss prevented fibrous tissue penetration from the top face via the channels, which allowed the new bone to reach the top of the scaffold from the bottom face or the calvarium. In contrast, in the HC-Rs, fibrous tissues filled the channels in the top region. At 12 weeks post-implantation, the HC-Ss were partially replaced with new bone. In the top region of the HC-Rs, although new bone had formed, fibrous tissue remained. According to the findings here and in our previous study, the longer side length rather than the shorter side length of a rectangular scaffold channel aperture is the dominant factor that affects fibrous tissue penetration and new bone augmentation. Furthermore, even though channel aperture areas are similar, bone and fibrous tissue ingrowths are different when the aperture shapes are different.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Comparison of Titanium and PEEK Medical Plastic Implant Materials for Their Bacterial Biofilm Formation Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183862. [PMID: 36146003 PMCID: PMC9504047 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated two of the most commonly used CAD–CAM materials for patient-specific reconstruction in craniomaxillofacial surgery. The aim of this study was to access the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli on titanium and PEEK medical implant materials. Two titanium specimens (titanium grade 2 tooled with a Planmeca CAD–CAM milling device and titanium grade 5 tooled with a computer-aided design direct metal laser sintering device (CAD-DMLS)) and one PEEK specimen tooled with a Planmeca CAD–CAM milling device were studied. Bacterial adhesion on implants was evaluated in two groups (saliva-treated group and non-saliva-treated group) to imitate intraoral and extraoral surgical routes for implant placement. The PEEK medical implant material showed higher bacterial adhesion by S. aureus, S. mutans, and E. coli than titanium grade 2 and titanium grade 5, whereas E. faecalis showed higher adhesion to titanium as compared to PEEK. Saliva contamination of implants also effected bacterial attachment. Salivary coating enhanced biofilm formation by S. aureus, S. mutans, and E. faecalis. In conclusion, our findings imply that regardless of the implant material type or tooling techniques used, salivary coating plays a vital role in bacterial adhesion. In addition, the majority of the bacterial strains showed higher adhesion to PEEK than titanium.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zelikman H, Slutzkey G, Rosner O, Levartovsky S, Matalon S, Beitlitum I. Bacterial Growth on Three Non-Resorbable Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Membranes-An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5705. [PMID: 36013840 PMCID: PMC9414989 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
GBR (Guided Bone Regeneration) procedure is challenged by the risk of membrane exposure to the oral cavity and contamination. The barrier quality of these membranes serve as a mechanical block from bacterial penetration into the GBR site. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of three commercial non-resorbable polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. (Two d-PTFE membranes and one double layer e-PTFE +d-PTFE membrane). A validated in vitro model with two bacterial species (Streptococcus sanguinis and Fusobacterium nucleatum) was used. Eight samples from membrane each were placed in a 96-well microtiter plate. The experimental and positive control groups were exposed to a bacterial suspension which involved one bacterial species in each plate. Bacterial growth was monitored spectrophotometrically at 650 nm for 24 h in temperature controlled microplate spectrophotometer under anaerobic conditions. One- Sample Kolmogorov−Smirnov Normal test and the Kruskal−Wallis test was used for the statistical analysis. As shown by the bacterial growth curves obtained from the spectrophotometer readings, all three membranes resulted in bacterial growth. We have not found a statistical difference in F. nucleatum growth between different membrane samples and the positive control group. However, S. sanguinis growth was reduced significantly in the presence of two membranes (CYTOPLAST TXT-200 and NeoGenTM) when compared to the control (p < 0.01). The presence of Permamem® had no significant influence on S. sanguinis growth. Some types of commercial non-resorbable PTFE membranes may have an impact on the growth dynamics of specific bacterial species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Zelikman
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Medical Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gil Slutzkey
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Medical Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ofir Rosner
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Medical Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shifra Levartovsky
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Medical Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shlomo Matalon
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Medical Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ilan Beitlitum
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Implantology, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Medical Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kunrath MF, Correia A, Teixeira ER, Hubler R, Dahlin C. Superhydrophilic Nanotextured Surfaces for Dental Implants: Influence of Early Saliva Contamination and Wet Storage. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152603. [PMID: 35957034 PMCID: PMC9370139 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophilic and nanotextured surfaces for dental implants have been reported as relevant properties for early osseointegration. However, these surface characteristics are quite sensitive to oral interactions. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to investigate the superficial alterations caused on hydrophilic nanotubular surfaces after early human saliva interaction. Titanium disks were treated using an anodization protocol followed by reactive plasma application in order to achieve nanotopography and hydrophilicity, additionally; surfaces were stored in normal atmospheric oxygen or wet conditioning. Following, samples were interacted with saliva for 10 min and analyzed regarding physical–chemical properties and cellular viability. Saliva interaction did not show any significant influence on morphological characteristics, roughness measurements and chemical composition; however, hydrophilicity was statistically altered compromising this feature when the samples were stored in common air. Cellular viability tested with pre-osteoblasts cell line (MC3T3-E1) reduced significantly at 48 h on the samples without wet storage after saliva contamination. The applied wet-storage methodology appears to be effective in maintaining properties such as hydrophilicity during saliva interaction. In conclusion, saliva contamination might impair important properties of hydrophilic nanotubular surfaces when not stored in wet conditions, suggesting the need of saliva-controlled sites for oral application of hydrophilic surfaces and/or the use of modified-package methods associated with their wet storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F. Kunrath
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (M.F.K.); (C.D.); Tel.: +46-0722063757 (M.F.K.)
| | - André Correia
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal;
| | - Eduardo R. Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
| | - Roberto Hubler
- Materials and Nanoscience Laboratory, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
| | - Christer Dahlin
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 412, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (M.F.K.); (C.D.); Tel.: +46-0722063757 (M.F.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Petrović Ž, Šarić A, Despotović I, Katić J, Peter R, Petravić M, Ivanda M, Petković M. Surface Functionalisation of Dental Implants with a Composite Coating of Alendronate and Hydrolysed Collagen: DFT and EIS Studies. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155127. [PMID: 35897560 PMCID: PMC9351680 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The success of the osseointegration process depends on the surface characteristics and chemical composition of dental implants. Therefore, the titanium dental implant was functionalised with a composite coating of alendronate and hydrolysed collagen, which are molecules with a positive influence on the bone formation. The results of the quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory level confirm a spontaneous formation of the composite coating on the titanium implant, ∆G*INT = −8.25 kcal mol−1. The combination of the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations reveals the structure of the coating. The alendronate molecules dominate in the outer part, while collagen tripeptides prevail in the inner part of the coating. The electrochemical stability and resistivity of the implant modified with the composite coating in a contact with the saliva depend on the chemical nature of alendronate and collagen molecules, as well as their inter- and intramolecular interactions. The formed composite coating provides a 98% protection to the implant after the 7-day immersion in the artificial saliva. From an application point of view, the composite coating could effectively promote osseointegration and improve the implant’s resistivity in contact with an aggressive environment such as saliva.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Željka Petrović
- Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (Ž.P.); (A.Š.)
| | - Ankica Šarić
- Division of Materials Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Device, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (Ž.P.); (A.Š.)
| | - Ines Despotović
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Jozefina Katić
- Department of Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Robert Peter
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, R. Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (R.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mladen Petravić
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, R. Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (R.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mile Ivanda
- Division of Materials Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Device, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Petković
- Poliklinika Petković, Lašćinska cesta 97, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| |
Collapse
|