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Nishiguchi H, Suryadi IBB, Ali MFZ, Miura C, Miura T. Dietary Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens)-Dipterose-BSF-Enhanced Zebrafish Innate Immunity Gene Expression and Resistance to Edwardsiella tarda Infection. INSECTS 2024; 15:326. [PMID: 38786881 PMCID: PMC11121787 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Dietary management using immunostimulants to protect fish health and prevent bacterial infection is widely practiced. Many insect species possess various bioactive substances that can improve animal health. We previously identified several bioactive polysaccharides derived from insects, including dipterose-BSF from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae; this can stimulate innate immunity in mammalian macrophage RAW264.7 cells. However, the effect of dietary dipterose-BSF on the immune system of teleosts remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the immune status of zebrafish (Danio rerio) after 14 days of dietary inclusion of dipterose-BSF (0.01, 0.1, and 1 µg/g), followed by an immersion challenge using Edwardsiella tarda. To identify changes in the transcriptional profile induced by dipterose-BSF, we performed RNA-sequencing analyses of the liver and intestine. Differentially expressed genes were investigated, with both organs showing several upregulated genes, dominated by nuclear factor and tumor necrosis factor family genes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed several terms were significantly higher in the experimental group compared with the control group. Challenge tests suggested that dietary dipterose-BSF had some positive effects on disease resistance in fish, but these effects were not pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Nishiguchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.N.); (M.F.Z.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina Suryadi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan;
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Ir. Soekarno KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fariz Zahir Ali
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.N.); (M.F.Z.A.); (C.M.)
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bio Industry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Senggigi, Kodek Bay, Pemenang 83352, Indonesia
| | - Chiemi Miura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.N.); (M.F.Z.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Takeshi Miura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.N.); (M.F.Z.A.); (C.M.)
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Miccoli A, Pianese V, Bidoli C, Fausto AM, Scapigliati G, Picchietti S. Transcriptome profiling of microdissected cortex and medulla unravels functional regionalization in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax thymus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109319. [PMID: 38145782 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The thymus is a sophisticated primary lymphoid organ in jawed vertebrates, but knowledge on teleost thymus remains scarce. In this study, for the first time in the European sea bass, laser capture microdissection was leveraged to collect two thymic regions based on histological features, namely the cortex and the medulla. The two regions were then processed by RNAseq and in-depth functional transcriptome analyses with the aim of revealing differential gene expression patterns and gene sets enrichments, ultimately unraveling unique microenvironments imperative for the development of functional T cells. The sea bass cortex emerged as a hub of T cell commitment, somatic recombination, chromatin remodeling, cell cycle regulation, and presentation of self antigens from autophagy-, proteasome- or proteases-processed proteins. The cortex therefore accommodated extensive thymocyte proliferation and differentiation up to the checkpoint of positive selection. The medulla instead appeared as the center stage in autoimmune regulation by negative selection and deletion of autoreactive T cells, central tolerance mechanisms and extracellular matrix organization. Region-specific canonical markers of T and non-T lineage cells as well as signals for migration to/from, and trafficking within, the thymus were identified, shedding light on the highly coordinated and exquisitely complex bi-directional interactions among thymocytes and stromal components. Markers ascribable to thymic nurse cells and poorly characterized post-aire mTEC populations were found in the cortex and medulla, respectively. An in-depth data mining also exposed previously un-annotated genomic resources with differential signatures. Overall, our findings contribute to a broader understanding of the relationship between regional organization and function in the European sea bass thymus, and provide essential insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying T-cell mediated adaptive immune responses in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Miccoli
- National Research Council, Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - V Pianese
- Dept. for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - C Bidoli
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - A M Fausto
- Dept. for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - G Scapigliati
- Dept. for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - S Picchietti
- Dept. for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo Dell'Università Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
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Nualart DP, Dann F, Oyarzún-Salazar R, Morera FJ, Vargas-Chacoff L. Immune Transcriptional Response in Head Kidney Primary Cell Cultures Isolated from the Three Most Important Species in Chilean Salmonids Aquaculture. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:924. [PMID: 37508355 PMCID: PMC10376545 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Fish cell culture is a common in vitro tool for studies in different fields such as virology, toxicology, pathology and immunology of fish. Fish cell cultures are a promising help to study how to diagnose and control relevant viral and intracellular bacterial infections in aquaculture. They can also be used for developing vaccines and immunostimulants, especially with the ethical demand aiming to reduce and replace the number of fish used in research. This study aimed to isolate head kidney primary cell cultures from three Chilean salmonids: Salmo salar, Oncorhynchus kisutch, and Oncorhynchus mykiss, and characterize the response to bacterial and viral stimuli by evaluating various markers of the innate and adaptive immune response. Specifically, the primary cell cultures of the head kidney from the three salmonids studied were cultured and exposed to two substances that mimic molecular patterns of different pathogens, i.e., Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (bacterial) and Polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (POLY I:C). Subsequently, we determined the mRNA expression profiles of the TLR-1, TLR-8, IgM, TLR-5, and MHC II genes. Head kidney primary cell cultures from the three species grown in vitro responded differently to POLY I:C and LPS. This is the first study to demonstrate and characterize the expression of immune genes in head kidney primary cell culture isolated from three salmonid species. It also indicates their potential role in developing immune responses as defense response agents and targets of immunoregulatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela P Nualart
- Fish Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Marine and Limnological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Ph.D. Program in Aquaculture Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems, BASE, University Austral of Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Francisco Dann
- Fish Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Marine and Limnological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Ricardo Oyarzún-Salazar
- Laboratorio Institucional, Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt 5480000, Chile
| | - Francisco J Morera
- Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Integrative Biology Group, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Luis Vargas-Chacoff
- Fish Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Marine and Limnological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems, BASE, University Austral of Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Centro Fondap de Investigación de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Integrative Biology Group, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
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Soliman AM, Barreda DR. The acute inflammatory response of teleost fish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 146:104731. [PMID: 37196851 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute inflammation is crucial to the immune responses of fish. The process protects the host from infection and is central to induction of subsequent tissue repair programs. Activation of proinflammatory signals reshapes the microenvironment within an injury/infection site, initiates leukocyte recruitment, promotes antimicrobial mechanisms and contributes to the resolution of inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators are primary contributors to these processes. Uncontrolled or persistent induction results in delayed tissue healing. The kinetics by which inducers and regulators of acute inflammation exert their actions is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of fish diseases and identifying potential treatments. Although, a number of these are well-conserved across, others are not, reflecting the unique physiologies and life histories of members of this unique animal group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amro M Soliman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniel R Barreda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Canada; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Canada.
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Vinh NT, Dong HT, Lan NGT, Sangsuriya P, Salin KR, Chatchaiphan S, Senapin S. Immunological response of 35 and 42 days old Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer, Bloch 1790) fry following immersion immunization with Streptococcus iniae heat-killed vaccine. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108802. [PMID: 37178986 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Early disease prevention by vaccination requires understanding when fry fish develop specific immunity to a given pathogen. In this research, we explored the immune responses of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) at the stages of 35- and 42- days post-hatching (dph) to an immersive heat-killed Streptococcus iniae (Si) vaccine to determine whether fish can produce specific antibodies against the pathogen. The vaccinated fish of each stage (V35 and V42) were immersed with the Si vaccine at 107 CFU/ml for 3 h, whereas the control groups (C35 and C42) were immersed with tryptic soy broth (TSB) in the same manner. Specific antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and post-immunization (i.e., 0, 7, and 14 days post-immunization, dpi). Expression of innate (TNFα and IL-1β) and adaptive (MHCI, MHCII, CD4, CD8, IgM-like, IgT-like, and IgD-like) immune-related genes were evaluated at the same time points with the addition of 1 dpi. The results showed that a subset of immunized fish from both V35 and V42 fry could elicit specific antibodies (IgM) against Si at 14 dpi. All tested innate and adaptive immune genes upregulated at 7 dpi among fish in V35 group. Interestingly, 42 dph fish appeared to respond to the Si vaccine faster than that of 35 dph, as a significant increase in transcripts was observed in CD4, IL-1β, IgM-like, and IgD-like at 1 dpi; and specific antibody titers of some fish, although not all, were higher than a threshold (p = 0.05) since 7 dpi. In conclusion, this study reveals that 35-42 dph Asian seabass fry can elicit specific immunity to Si immersion vaccine, suggesting that early vaccination of 35 dph fry Asian seabass is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Tien Vinh
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, Department of Food Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Ha Thanh Dong
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, Department of Food Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| | - Nguyen Giang Thu Lan
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand; Aquatic Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Research Team, BIOTEC, NSTDA, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Krishna R Salin
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, Department of Food Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Satid Chatchaiphan
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand; Fish Heath Platform, Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Wu YX, Hu SY, Lu XJ, Hu JR. Identification and characterization of two novel antimicrobial peptides from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) with antimicrobial activity and MO/MФ activation capability. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 145:104726. [PMID: 37149238 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Piscidins participate in the innate immune response of fish, which aims to eliminate recognized foreign microbes and restore the homeostasis of immune system. We characterized two piscidin-like antimicrobial peptides (LjPL-3 and LjPL-2) isolated from Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus). LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 showed different expression patterns in tissues. After Vibrio harveyi infection, the mRNA expression of LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 was upregulated in the liver, spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney. The synthetic mature peptides LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 exhibited different antimicrobial spectra. Furthermore, LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 treatments decreased inflammatory cytokine production while promoting chemotaxis and phagocytosis in monocytes/macrophages (MO/MФ). LjPL-2, but not LjPL-3, displayed bacterial killing capability in MO/MФ. LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 administration increased Japanese sea bass survival after V. harveyi challenge, which was accompanied by a decline in bacterial burden. These data suggested that LjPL-3 and LjPL-2 participate in immune response through direct bacterial killing and MO/MФ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Wu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China; Department of Physiology, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai-Yue Hu
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Jiang Lu
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jian-Rao Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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Alesci A, Capillo G, Fumia A, Messina E, Albano M, Aragona M, Lo Cascio P, Spanò N, Pergolizzi S, Lauriano ER. Confocal Characterization of Intestinal Dendritic Cells from Myxines to Teleosts. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071045. [PMID: 36101424 PMCID: PMC9312193 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that regulate the beginning of adaptive immune responses. The mechanisms of tolerance to antigens moving through the digestive tract are known to be regulated by intestinal DCs. Agnatha and Gnathostoma are descendants of a common ancestor. The Ostracoderms gave rise to Cyclostomes, whereas the Placoderms gave rise to Chondrichthyes. Sarcopterygii and Actinopterygii are two evolutionary lines of bony fishes. Brachiopterygii and Neopterygii descend from the Actinopterygii. From Neopterygii, Holostei and Teleostei evolved. Using immunohistochemistry with TLR-2, Langerin/CD207, and MHC II, this study aimed to characterize intestinal DCs, from myxines to teleosts. The findings reveal that DCs are positive for the antibodies tested, highlighting the presence of DCs and DC-like cells phylogenetically from myxines, for the first time, to teleosts. These findings may aid in improving the level of knowledge about the immune system’s evolution and these sentinel cells, which are crucial to the body’s defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology, National Research Council (IRBIM, CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (G.C.)
| | - Angelo Fumia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Padiglione C, A. O. U. Policlinico “G. Martino”, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Emmanuele Messina
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Marco Albano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Marialuisa Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Lo Cascio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology, National Research Council (IRBIM, CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Simona Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Eugenia Rita Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (E.M.); (M.A.); (P.L.C.); (S.P.); (E.R.L.)
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