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Almulaiky YQ, Altalhi T, El-Shishtawy RM. Enhanced catalytic performance of Candida rugosa lipase through immobilization on zirconium-2-methylimidazole: A novel biocatalyst approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135211. [PMID: 39216567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Immobilization of enzymes on suitable supports is a critical approach for enhancing enzyme stability, reusability, and overall catalytic efficiency. This study explores the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on zirconium-based 2-methylimidazole (ZrMI) nanoparticles, aiming to develop a stable and reusable biocatalyst. The ZrMI was produced via a solvothermal technique and analyzed using various characterization methods. Candida rugose lipase was immobilized using cross-linking agents, achieving an 87 % immobilization efficiency. The immobilized enzyme exhibited significantly enhanced thermal stability, broader pH tolerance, and increased catalytic efficiency compared to free C. rugose lipase. The ZrMI@lipase retained 69 % of its enzymatic activity following a 60-day storage period at 4 °C. Notably, it displayed significant reusability, maintaining 65 % of its original activity after undergoing 15 catalytic cycles. Examination of the kinetics revealed that the immobilized enzyme possessed a heightened substrate affinity (Km of 4.1 mM) and maximal reaction rate (Vmax of 85.7 μmol/ml/min) in comparison to the free enzyme (Km of 5.4 mM and Vmax of 69 μmol/ml/min), indicating enhanced catalytic efficiency. Validation through zeta potential and hydrodynamic size assessments verified the successful binding of the enzyme and the consistent colloidal characteristics. These results suggest that ZrMI is a promising support for C. rugose lipase immobilization, offering improved stability and reusability for various industrial applications. The study highlights the potential of ZrMI@lipase as an efficient and durable biocatalyst, contributing to advancements in enzyme immobilization technology and sustainable industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaaser Q Almulaiky
- Department of Chemistry, Collage of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
| | - Tariq Altalhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda M El-Shishtawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Dyeing, Printing and Textile Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research and Technology Institute, National Research Centre, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
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Cecconello A, Tonolo F, Rilievo G, Molinari S, Talpe A, Cozza G, Venerando A, Kariyawasam IDH, Govardhan GT, Arusei RJ, Magro M, Vianello F. Highly specific colloidal ɣ-Fe 2O 3-DNA hybrids: From bioinspired recognition to large-scale lactoferrin purification. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113700. [PMID: 38104467 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The industry transfer of laboratory-use magnetic separation is still hampered by the lack of suitable nanoparticles, both in terms of their features and large-scale availability. Surface Active Maghemite Nanoparticles (SAMNs) characterized by a unique surface chemistry, low environmental impact, scalable synthesis and functionalization were used to develop a bio-inspired lactoferrin (LF) recognition system. Based on the LF affinity for DNA, a self-assembly process was optimized for obtaining a SAMN@DNA hybrid displaying chemical and colloidal stability and LF specificity. SAMN@DNA was successfully tested for the affinity purification of LF from crude bovine whey. Advantages, such as high selectivity and loading capacity, nanoparticle re-usability, outstanding purity (96 ± 1%), preservation of protein conformation and short operational time, were highlighted. Finally, scalability was demonstrated by an automatic system performing continuous purification of LF from 100 liters day-1 of whey. This study responds to essential prerequisites, such as efficiency, re-usability and industrialization feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cecconello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Federica Tonolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Graziano Rilievo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Simone Molinari
- Museum of Nature and Humankind, Mineralogy Section Alessandro Guastoni, University of Padua, Via Giotto 1, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Arthur Talpe
- Catholic University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgio Cozza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Venerando
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Palladio 8, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | - Gayathri Tiruchi Govardhan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Ruth Jepchirchir Arusei
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
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Rilievo G, Magro M, Tonolo F, Cecconello A, Rutigliano L, Cencini A, Molinari S, Di Paolo ML, Fiorucci C, Rossi MN, Cervelli M, Vianello F. Spermine Oxidase-Substrate Electrostatic Interactions: The Modulation of Enzyme Function by Neighboring Colloidal ɣ-Fe 2O 3. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1800. [PMID: 38136670 PMCID: PMC10742170 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-nanoparticle hybridization can ideally lead to novel biological entities characterized by emerging properties that can sensibly differ from those of the parent components. Herein, the effect of ionic strength on the biological functions of recombinant His-tagged spermine oxidase (i.e., SMOX) was studied for the first time. Moreover, SMOX was integrated into colloidal surface active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMNs) via direct self-assembly, leading to a biologically active nano-enzyme (i.e., SAMN@SMOX). The hybrid was subjected to an in-depth chemical-physical characterization, highlighting the fact that the protein structure was perfectly preserved. The catalytic activity of the nanostructured hybrid (SAMN@SMOX) was assessed by extracting the kinetics parameters using spermine as a substrate and compared to the soluble enzyme as a function of ionic strength. The results revealed that the catalytic function was dominated by electrostatic interactions and that they were drastically modified upon hybridization with colloidal ɣ-Fe2O3. The fact that the affinity of SMOX toward spermine was significantly higher for the nanohybrid at low salinity is noteworthy. The present study supports the vision of using protein-nanoparticle conjugation as a means to modulate biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Rilievo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Federica Tonolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Alessandro Cecconello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Lavinia Rutigliano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Aura Cencini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Simone Molinari
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padua, Via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Di Paolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Cristian Fiorucci
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma 3, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Marianna Nicoletta Rossi
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma 3, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma 3, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
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