1
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Baxa MC, Lin X, Mukinay CD, Chakravarthy S, Sachleben JR, Antilla S, Hartrampf N, Riback JA, Gagnon IA, Pentelute BL, Clark PL, Sosnick TR. How hydrophobicity, side chains, and salt affect the dimensions of disordered proteins. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4986. [PMID: 38607226 PMCID: PMC11010952 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Despite the generally accepted role of the hydrophobic effect as the driving force for folding, many intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), including those with hydrophobic content typical of foldable proteins, behave nearly as self-avoiding random walks (SARWs) under physiological conditions. Here, we tested how temperature and ionic conditions influence the dimensions of the N-terminal domain of pertactin (PNt), an IDP with an amino acid composition typical of folded proteins. While PNt contracts somewhat with temperature, it nevertheless remains expanded over 10-58°C, with a Flory exponent, ν, >0.50. Both low and high ionic strength also produce contraction in PNt, but this contraction is mitigated by reducing charge segregation. With 46% glycine and low hydrophobicity, the reduced form of snow flea anti-freeze protein (red-sfAFP) is unaffected by temperature and ionic strength and persists as a near-SARW, ν ~ 0.54, arguing that the thermal contraction of PNt is due to stronger interactions between hydrophobic side chains. Additionally, red-sfAFP is a proxy for the polypeptide backbone, which has been thought to collapse in water. Increasing the glycine segregation in red-sfAFP had minimal effect on ν. Water remained a good solvent even with 21 consecutive glycine residues (ν > 0.5), and red-sfAFP variants lacked stable backbone hydrogen bonds according to hydrogen exchange. Similarly, changing glycine segregation has little impact on ν in other glycine-rich proteins. These findings underscore the generality that many disordered states can be expanded and unstructured, and that the hydrophobic effect alone is insufficient to drive significant chain collapse for typical protein sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Baxa
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Xiaoxuan Lin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Cedrick D. Mukinay
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIndianaUSA
| | - Srinivas Chakravarthy
- Biophysics Collaborative Access Team (BioCAT), Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research and Instrumentation and Department of Biological and Chemical SciencesIllinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Present address:
Cytiva, Fast TrakMarlboroughMAUSA
| | | | - Sarah Antilla
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Nina Hartrampf
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
- Present address:
Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Joshua A. Riback
- Graduate Program in Biophysical ScienceUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Present address:
Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Isabelle A. Gagnon
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Patricia L. Clark
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIndianaUSA
| | - Tobin R. Sosnick
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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2
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Gen M, Zheng H, Sun Y, Xu W, Ma N, Su H, Cheng Y, Wang S, Xing J, Zhang S, Xue L, Xue C, Mu Y, Tian X, Matsuki A, Song S. Rapid hydrolysis of NO 2 at High Ionic Strengths of Deliquesced Aerosol Particles. Environ Sci Technol 2024. [PMID: 38661303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) hydrolysis in deliquesced aerosol particles forms nitrous acid and nitrate and thus impacts air quality, climate, and the nitrogen cycle. Traditionally, it is considered to proceed far too slowly in the atmosphere. However, the significance of this process is highly uncertain because kinetic studies have only been made in dilute aqueous solutions but not under high ionic strength conditions of the aerosol particles. Here, we use laboratory experiments, air quality models, and field measurements to examine the effect of the ionic strength on the reaction kinetics of NO2 hydrolysis. We find that high ionic strengths (I) enhance the reaction rate constants (kI) by more than an order of magnitude compared to that at infinite dilution (kI=0), yielding log10(kI/kI=0) = 0.04I or rate enhancement factor = 100.04I. A state-of-the-art air quality model shows that the enhanced NO2 hydrolysis reduces the negative bias in the simulated concentrations of nitrous acid by 28% on average when compared to field observations over the North China Plain. Rapid NO2 hydrolysis also enhances the levels of nitrous acid in other polluted regions such as North India and further promotes atmospheric oxidation capacity. This study highlights the need to evaluate various reaction kinetics of atmospheric aerosols with high ionic strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Gen
- Faculty of Frontier Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Haotian Zheng
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
- CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment Health Research, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yele Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wanyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Composition and Environmental Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research (ECI), Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Hang Su
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yafang Cheng
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Shuxiao Wang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia Xing
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Likun Xue
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chaoyang Xue
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS - Université Orléans - CNES, Orléans Cedex 2 45071, France
| | - Yujing Mu
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiao Tian
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Atsushi Matsuki
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shaojie Song
- CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment Health Research, Tianjin 300350, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Harvard-China on Energy, Economy, and Environment, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Som M, Gikanga B, Kanapuram V, Yadav S. Drug Product Formulation and Fill/Finish Manufacturing Process Considerations for AAV-based Genomic Medicines. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00125-4. [PMID: 38570073 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have become the delivery medium of choice for a variety of genomic medicine applications i.e., gene therapy, gene editing/regulation, and ex-vivo cell therapy. AAVs are protein-DNA complexes which have unique stability characteristics that are susceptible to various stress exposure conditions commonly seen in the drug product (DP) life cycle. This review takes a comprehensive look at AAV DP formulation and process development considerations that could impact critical quality attributes (CQAs) during manufacturing, packaging, shipping, and clinical use. Additional aspects related to AAV development reviewed herein are: (1) Different AAV serotypes with unique protein sequences and charge characteristics potentially leading to discrete stability profiles; (2) Manufacturing process challenges and optimization efforts to improve yield, recovery and purity especially during early development activities; and (3) Defining and identifying CQAs with analytical methods which are constantly evolving and present unique characterization challenges for AAV-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Som
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005
| | - Benson Gikanga
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005
| | - Varna Kanapuram
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005.
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Marineau A, Karpukhina U, Agyemang R, Stewart KME. Effect of Ionic Strength and pH on the Sorption of Heavy Metals onto Polyaniline Copolymers in Aqueous Solutions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:10623-10632. [PMID: 38356331 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) and two copolymers, poly(aniline-co-o-toluidine) (PoTOL-50) and poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine) (PoANI-50) were synthesized with equal input ratios (1:1) to enhance PANI as sensing material for the sensing of various heavy metal analytes in aqueous solutions. The polymers were evaluated for both their sensitivity and selectivity toward four heavy metals (Ba2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+) and two common matrix interferents (Ca2+ and Mg2+) at 10 and 40 ppm. The effect of pH and ionic strength of the aqueous solutions on the sensitivity and selectivity was also evaluated. All three polymers showed high sensitivity and selectivity to Ba2+. Varying the pH and ionic strength of solutions did not show significant differences in either the selectivity or the sensitivity of the polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Marineau
- Department of Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 W. Bank Dr, Peterborough, Ontario K9L0G2, Canada
| | - Uliana Karpukhina
- Department of Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 W. Bank Dr, Peterborough, Ontario K9L0G2, Canada
| | - Ruth Agyemang
- Department of Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 W. Bank Dr, Peterborough, Ontario K9L0G2, Canada
| | - Katherine M E Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, Trent University, 1600 W. Bank Dr, Peterborough, Ontario K9L0G2, Canada
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Chauhan P, Lee HB, Goodbee N, Martin S, Branch R, Sahu S, Schwarz JM, Ross JL. Ionic strength alters crosslinker-driven self-organization of microtubules. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38385864 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The microtubule cytoskeleton is a major structural element inside cells that directs self-organization using microtubule-associated proteins and motors. It has been shown that finite-sized, spindle-like microtubule organizations, called "tactoids," can form in vitro spontaneously from mixtures of tubulin and the antiparallel crosslinker, MAP65, from the MAP65/PRC1/Ase family. Here, we probe the ability of MAP65 to form tactoids as a function of the ionic strength of the buffer to attempt to break the electrostatic interactions binding MAP65 to microtubules and inter-MAP65 binding. We observe that, with increasing monovalent salts, the organizations change from finite tactoids to unbounded length bundles, yet the MAP65 binding and crosslinking appear to stay intact. We further explore the effects of ionic strength on the dissociation constant of MAP65 using both microtubule pelleting and single-molecule binding assays. We find that salt can reduce the binding, yet salt never negates it. Instead, we believe that the salt is affecting the ability of the MAP65 to form phase-separated droplets, which cause the nucleation and growth of tactoids, as recently demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashali Chauhan
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Hong Beom Lee
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Niaz Goodbee
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sophia Martin
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Ruell Branch
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sumon Sahu
- Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Jennifer L Ross
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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6
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Januário EFD, Vidovix TB, Ribeiro AC, da Costa Neves Fernandes de Almeida Duarte E, Bergamasco R, Vieira AMS. Evaluation of hydrochar from peach stones for caffeine removal from aqueous medium and treatment of a synthetic mixture. Environ Technol 2024; 45:1141-1154. [PMID: 36274643 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2138786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of micropollutants, such as caffeine (CAF), has been detected throughout the world, since conventional treatment plants are not able to properly degrade them. CAF is a widely consumed stimulant, and has been demanding the development of efficient methodologies for its removal. Aiming at the agriculture waste valorization, a new hydrochar was developed based on chemical and thermal modification of peach stones (mod-PS) for CAF removal from water and from a synthetic mixture. The morphology, functional groups and surface electrical charge of the adsorbent were characterized by SEM, FTIR and zeta potential, respectively. Regarding CAF adsorption performance, the equilibrium time was reached at 480 min and the pseudo-second-order model presented the best fit for the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity was 68.39 mg g-1 (298 K) and the Langmuir model exhibited a better fit for the isothermal data. The thermodynamic properties confirmed that the process was exothermic, spontaneous and reversible. The main adsorption mechanisms were hydrogen bonds and π-interactions. The global removal efficiency was satisfactory in the synthetic mixture simulating real wastewater (67%). Therefore, the proposed new hydrochar has potential application as a low-cost adsorbent for CAF removal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taynara Basso Vidovix
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anna Carla Ribeiro
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela Bergamasco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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7
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Sacco P, Piazza F, Marsich E, Abrami M, Grassi M, Donati I. Ionic Strength Impacts the Physical Properties of Agarose Hydrogels. Gels 2024; 10:94. [PMID: 38391424 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Agarose is a natural polysaccharide known for its ability to form thermoreversible hydrogels. While the effects of curing temperature and polysaccharide concentration on mechanical properties have been discussed in the literature, the role of ionic strength has been less studied. In the present manuscript, we investigate the effects of supporting salt concentration and the role of cation (i.e. Na+ or Li+, neighbors in the Hofmeister series), on the setting and performance of agarose hydrogels. Compressive and rheological measurements show that the supporting salts reduce the immediate elastic response of agarose hydrogels, with Li+ showing a stronger effect than Na+ at high ionic strength, while they significantly increase the extent of linear stress-strain response (i.e., linear elasticity). The presence of increasing amounts of added supporting salt also leads to a reduction in hysteresis during mechanical deformation due to loading and unloading cycles, which is more pronounced with Li+ than with Na+. The combination of rheological measurements and NMR relaxometry shows a mesh size in agarose hydrogels in the order of 6-17 nm, with a thickness of the water layer bound to the biopolymer of about 3 nm. Of note, the different structuring of the water within the hydrogel network due to the different alkali seems to play a role for the final performance of the hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Sacco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Piazza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marsich
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, I-34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Abrami
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 6/1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 6/1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ivan Donati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
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8
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Cogorno J, Rolle M. Impact of Variable Water Chemistry on PFOS-Goethite Interactions: Experimental Evidence and Surface Complexation Modeling. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:1731-1740. [PMID: 38206803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) has become a major concern due to its widespread occurrence in the environment and severe toxic effects. In this study, we investigate PFOS sorption on goethite surfaces under different water chemistry conditions to understand the impact of variable groundwater chemistry. Our investigation is based on multiple lines of evidence, including (i) a series of sorption experiments with varying pH, ionic strength, and PFOS initial concentration, (ii) IR spectroscopy analysis, and (iii) surface complexation modeling. PFOS was found to bind to goethite through a strong hydrogen-bonded (HB) complex and a weaker outer-sphere complex involving Na+ coadsorption (OS-Na+). The pH and ionic strength of the solution had a nontrivial impact on the speciation and coexistence of these surface complexes. Acidic conditions and low ionic strength promoted hydrogen bonding between the sulfonate headgroup and protonated hydroxo surface sites. Higher electrolyte concentrations and pH values hindered the formation of strong hydrogen bonds upon the formation of a ternary PFOS-Na+-goethite outer-sphere complex. The findings of this study illuminate the key control of variable solution chemistry on PFOS adsorption to mineral surfaces and the importance to develop surface complexation models integrating mechanistic insights for the accurate prediction of PFOS mobility and environmental fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Cogorno
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Sino-Danish College (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Massimo Rolle
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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9
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Gao Y, He W, Zhao Y, Yao Y, Chen S, Xu L, Wu N, Tu Y. The Effect of Ionic Strength on the Formation and Stability of Ovalbumin-Xanthan Gum Complex Emulsions. Foods 2024; 13:218. [PMID: 38254519 PMCID: PMC10814777 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-polysaccharide complexes have been widely used to stabilize emulsions, but the effect of NaCl on ovalbumin-xanthan gum (OVA-XG) complex emulsions is unclear. Therefore, OVA-XG complex emulsions with different XG concentrations at pH 5.5 were prepared, and the effects of NaCl on them were explored. The results indicated that the NaCl significantly affected the interaction force between OVA-XG complexes. The NaCl improved the adsorption of proteins at the oil-water interface and significantly enhanced emulsion stability, and the droplet size and zeta potential of the emulsion gradually decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations (0-0.08 M). In particular, 0.08 M NaCl was added to the OVA-0.2% XG emulsion, which had a minimum droplet size of 18.3 μm. Additionally, XG as a stabilizer could improve the stability of the emulsions, and the OVA-0.3% XG emulsion also exhibited good stability, even without NaCl. This study further revealed the effects of NaCl on emulsions, which has positive implications for the application of egg white proteins in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxue Gao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wen He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lilan Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Na Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yonggang Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (S.C.); (L.X.); (Y.T.)
- Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control Engineering Laboratory of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Egg Safety Production and Processing Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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10
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Rilievo G, Magro M, Tonolo F, Cecconello A, Rutigliano L, Cencini A, Molinari S, Di Paolo ML, Fiorucci C, Rossi MN, Cervelli M, Vianello F. Spermine Oxidase-Substrate Electrostatic Interactions: The Modulation of Enzyme Function by Neighboring Colloidal ɣ-Fe 2O 3. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1800. [PMID: 38136670 PMCID: PMC10742170 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-nanoparticle hybridization can ideally lead to novel biological entities characterized by emerging properties that can sensibly differ from those of the parent components. Herein, the effect of ionic strength on the biological functions of recombinant His-tagged spermine oxidase (i.e., SMOX) was studied for the first time. Moreover, SMOX was integrated into colloidal surface active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMNs) via direct self-assembly, leading to a biologically active nano-enzyme (i.e., SAMN@SMOX). The hybrid was subjected to an in-depth chemical-physical characterization, highlighting the fact that the protein structure was perfectly preserved. The catalytic activity of the nanostructured hybrid (SAMN@SMOX) was assessed by extracting the kinetics parameters using spermine as a substrate and compared to the soluble enzyme as a function of ionic strength. The results revealed that the catalytic function was dominated by electrostatic interactions and that they were drastically modified upon hybridization with colloidal ɣ-Fe2O3. The fact that the affinity of SMOX toward spermine was significantly higher for the nanohybrid at low salinity is noteworthy. The present study supports the vision of using protein-nanoparticle conjugation as a means to modulate biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Rilievo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Federica Tonolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Alessandro Cecconello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Lavinia Rutigliano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Aura Cencini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Simone Molinari
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padua, Via Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Di Paolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Cristian Fiorucci
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma 3, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Marianna Nicoletta Rossi
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma 3, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma 3, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (G.R.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (F.V.)
- International Polyamines Foundation ‘ETS-ONLUS’, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159 Rome, Italy
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11
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Popova TO, Zhulina EB, Borisov OV. Interaction of Polyanionic and Polycationic Brushes with Globular Proteins and Protein-like Nanocolloids. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:597. [PMID: 38132536 PMCID: PMC10741738 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of experimental studies have demonstrated that globular proteins can be absorbed from the solution by both polycationic and polyanionic brushes when the net charge of protein globules is of the same or of the opposite sign with respect to that of brush-forming polyelectrolyte chains. Here, we overview the results of experimental studies on interactions between globular proteins and polycationic or polyanionic brushes, and present a self-consistent field theoretical model that allows us to account for the asymmetry of interactions of protein-like nanocolloid particles comprising weak (pH-sensitive) cationic and anionic groups with a positively or negatively charged polyelectrolyte brush. The position-dependent insertion free energy and the net charge of the particle are calculated. The theoretical model predicts that if the numbers of cationic and anionic ionizable groups of the protein are approximately equal, then the interaction patterns for both cationic and anionic brushes at equal offset on the "wrong side" from the isoelectric point (IEP), i.e., when the particle and the brush charge are of the same sign, are similar. An essential asymmetry in interactions of particles with polycationic and polyanionic brushes is predicted when fractions of cationic and anionic groups differ significantly. That is, at a pH above IEP, the anionic brush better absorbs negatively charged particles with a larger fraction of ionizable cationic groups and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana O. Popova
- Chemical Engineering Center, National Research University ITMO, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Institute of Macromolecular Compoundsof the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina B. Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compoundsof the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Oleg V. Borisov
- Chemical Engineering Center, National Research University ITMO, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Institute of Macromolecular Compoundsof the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour UMR 5254, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, 64053 Pau, France
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12
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Liu S, Cai X, Tang Z, Hu Z, Li Y, Hu Y. Ionic strength-mediated protein and flavor studies on thermally processed hairtail pieces. J Food Sci 2023; 88:4108-4121. [PMID: 37676095 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of different ionic strengths on the texture, protein, and flavor of thermally processed hairtail pieces. Incorporating salt ions into the heat treatment process had a positive impact on the quality of the cooked hairtail pieces. The pieces treated with 2 M NaCl showed superior texture and sensory scores. The ionic strength had a significant positive correlation with the chewiness and cohesion of cooked hairtail (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the myofibrillar protein content and total sulfhydryl content increased significantly. Circular dichroism spectra analysis revealed a transition in the protein structure from a β-sheet structure to an α-helical structure as the ionic strength decreased. The ionic strength had a significant impact on the interaction between protein and flavor compounds. Specifically, it impacted the expression of certain volatile components (p < 0.05). Our study suggests that selecting the appropriate cooking method is crucial for both healthiness and sensory quality of processed hairtail products, and ionic strength mediation is superior in both aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinya Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhixin Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiheng Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Marine Food Engineering Technology Research Center of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Food Deep Processing, Sanya, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaqin Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Marine Food Engineering Technology Research Center of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Food Deep Processing, Sanya, China
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13
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Khandwala CB, Sarkar P, Schmidt HB, Ma M, Kinnebrew M, Pusapati GV, Patel BB, Tillo D, Lebensohn AM, Rohatgi R. Direct ionic stress sensing and mitigation by the transcription factor NFAT5. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.23.559074. [PMID: 37886503 PMCID: PMC10602047 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.23.559074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Homeostatic control of intracellular ionic strength is essential for protein, organelle and genome function, yet mechanisms that sense and enable adaptation to ionic stress remain poorly understood in animals. We find that the transcription factor NFAT5 directly senses solution ionic strength using a C-terminal intrinsically disordered region. Both in intact cells and in a purified system, NFAT5 forms dynamic, reversible biomolecular condensates in response to increasing ionic strength. This self-associative property, conserved from insects to mammals, allows NFAT5 to accumulate in the nucleus and activate genes that restore cellular ion content. Mutations that reduce condensation or those that promote aggregation both reduce NFAT5 activity, highlighting the importance of optimally tuned associative interactions. Remarkably, human NFAT5 alone is sufficient to reconstitute a mammalian transcriptional response to ionic or hypertonic stress in yeast. Thus NFAT5 is both the sensor and effector of a cell-autonomous ionic stress response pathway in animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni B. Khandwala
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Parijat Sarkar
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - H. Broder Schmidt
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mengxiao Ma
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maia Kinnebrew
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ganesh V. Pusapati
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bhaven B. Patel
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Desiree Tillo
- Center for Cancer Research Genomics Core, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, NIH, Building 37, RM 2056B, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andres M. Lebensohn
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, NIH, Building 37, RM 2056B, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rajat Rohatgi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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14
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Li X, Zhang N, Jiao X, Zhang W, Yan B, Huang J, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Fan D. Insight into Ionic Strength-Induced Solubilization of Myofibrillar Proteins from Silver Carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix): Structural Changes and 4D Label-Free Proteomics Analysis. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:13920-13933. [PMID: 37688549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, changes in the physical, structural, and assembly characteristics of silver carp myofibrillar proteins (MPs) at different ionic strength (I) values were investigated. Moreover, the differential proteomic profile of soluble MPs was analyzed using 4D proteomics based on timsTOF Pro mass spectrometry. Solubility of MPs significantly increased at high I (>0.3), and the increase in I enhanced the apparent viscosity, fluorescence intensity, surface hydrophobicity, and α-helix content of MPs solution. Particle size and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns also supported the solubility profiles. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy observations revealed the morphological assembly and disassembly of MPs under different I conditions. Finally, proteomic analysis revealed the evolution law of salt-induced solubilization of MPs and the critical molecular characteristics in different I environments. The number of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) decreased with the increase of I, and most DAPs related to the muscle filament sliding, contraction and assembly, actinin binding, and actin filament binding. The soluble abundance of myosin and some structural proteins was dependent on I, and structural proteins in the Z-disk and M-band might contribute to the solubilization of myosin. Our findings provide insightful information about the impact of common I on the solubility pattern of MPs from freshwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xidong Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenhai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing, Xiamen 361022, China
- ANJOY FOODS GROUP CO., LTD., Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Bowen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianlian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing, Xiamen 361022, China
- ANJOY FOODS GROUP CO., LTD., Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Daming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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15
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Zhang R, Yu KF, Huang L, Chen YL, Ma J, Weng LP, Li YT. [Transport and Model Calculation of Microplastics Under the Influence of Ionic Type, Strength, and Iron Oxide]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:5102-5113. [PMID: 37699828 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202210062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) in soil have attracted extensive attention as an emerging pollutant, and the transport of MPs is affected by their own physical and chemical properties, the chemical composition of soil solutions, and soil minerals. However, in the presence of oxides, the underlying mechanism for the transport of MPs in different ionic types and ionic strengths is still not fully understood. In this study, the effects of ionic type, ionic strength, and iron oxide on the transport of polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) with different functional groups were investigated through stability experiments and transport experiments. The colloid transport model, CD-MUSIC model, and DLVO theory were used to explore the transport mechanism. The results showed that normalized concentrations (c/c0) of PSMPs were 0.99 in the NaH2PO4 background and 0.94 in the CaCl2 background, respectively, which indicated that the strongest stability of PSMPs was observed in the former and the weakest in the latter. Different ionic types had different effects on the transport of PSMPs. For the cations Na+ and Ca2+, Ca2+ strongly inhibited PSMPs transport in pure quartz sand because of the bridging effect and strong charge neutralization effect; the recovery rate of the PSMPs in the effluent was (43.83±1.71)%, and a first-order retention coefficient on the second kinetic Site-2 (k2a) was 1.54 min-1. The presence of iron oxide enhanced the inhibition, the recovery rate of the PSMPs in the effluent decreased to (6.04±0.40)%, and k2a increased to 5.33 min-1. For the anions Cl- and PO43-, the transport of PSMPs in pure quartz sand was dominated by surface electronegativity of PSMPs, and PSMPs exhibited lower electronegativity under Cl- background and thus showed higher recovery[(92.95±0.63)%] and lower k2a (0.19 min-1). However, in the presence of iron oxides, the Zeta potential of the quartz sand surface was the controlling factor for PSMPs transport. According to results of the CD-MUSIC model, PO43- could be easily adsorbed on the iron oxide surface to form innersphere complexes, which reduced the surface electronegativity of the iron-loaded quartz sand and enhanced the transport of PSMPs, higher recovery[(76.22±1.39)%], and lower k2a (0.66 min-1). Moreover, the species of the formed innersphere complex was controlled by the PO43- concentration, and different species of innersphere complexes had distinct negative surface charges. Higher surface electronegativity of the iron-loaded quartz sand was observed under higher PO43- concentration, which was not conducive to the transport of PSMPs. Further, the transport ability of PSMPs decreased with the increase in ionic strength. Finally, the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory was used to calculate the variation in the primary barrier between PSMPs and the collector under the conducted experimental conditions, which helped better elucidate the transport behavior of PSMPs. The variation in the primary barrier was consistent with the transport ability of PSMPs, and a higher primary barrier indicated a larger repulsion between PSMPs and the collector, which was in favor of PSMPs transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Ke-Fei Yu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Ya-Li Chen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Li-Ping Weng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yong-Tao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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16
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Ibrahim MIM, Awad EAM, Dahdouh SMM, El-Etr WMT, Marey SA, Hatamleh AA, Mahmood M, Elrys AS. Exploring the Influence of Chemical Conditions on Nanoparticle Graphene Oxide Adsorption onto Clay Minerals. Molecules 2023; 28:6162. [PMID: 37630414 PMCID: PMC10458753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
High concentrations of graphene oxide (GO), a nanoparticle substance with rapid manufacturing development, have the ability to penetrate the soil surface down to the mineral-rich subsurface layers. The destiny and distribution of such an unusual sort of nanomaterial in the environment must therefore be fully understood. However, the way the chemistry of solutions impacts GO nanoparticle adsorption on clay minerals is still unclear. Here, the adsorption of GO on clay minerals (e.g., bentonite and kaolinite) was tested under various chemical conditions (e.g., GO concentration, soil pH, and cation valence). Non-linear Langmuir and Freundlich models have been applied to describe the adsorption isotherm by comparing the amount of adsorbed GO nanoparticle to the concentration at the equilibrium of the solution. Our results showed fondness for GO in bentonite and kaolinite under similar conditions, but the GO nanoparticle adsorption with bentonite was superior to kaolinite, mainly due to its higher surface area and surface charge. We also found that increasing the ionic strength and decreasing the pH increased the adsorption of GO nanoparticles to bentonite and kaolinite, mainly due to the interaction between these clay minerals and GO nanoparticles' surface oxygen functional groups. Experimental data fit well to the non-linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model of Freundlich. The model of the Freundlich isotherm was more fitting at a lower pH and higher ionic strength in the bentonite soil while the lowest R2 value of the Freundlich model was recorded at a higher pH and lower ionic strength in the kaolinite soil. These results improve our understanding of GO behavior in soils by revealing environmental factors influencing GO nanoparticle movement and transmission towards groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa I. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Department of Soil Physics and Chemistry, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), The Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A. M. Awad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Salah M. M. Dahdouh
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M. T. El-Etr
- Department of Soil Physics and Chemistry, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), The Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
| | | | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohsin Mahmood
- Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ahmed S. Elrys
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Liebig Centre for Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany
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17
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Zhao T, Wang Z, Yang Y, Liu K, Wang X. Cyclic Macroscopic Assembly and Disassembly Driven by Ionic Strength Fuel: A Waste-Free Approach. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37402443 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonequilibrium assembling systems developed so far have relied on chemical fuels to drive the programmable pH cycles, redox reactions, and metastable bond formations. However, these methods often result in the unwanted accumulation of chemical waste. Herein, we present a novel strategy for achieving cyclic and waste-free nonequilibrium assembly and disassembly of macroscopic hydrogels, utilizing an ionic strength-mediated approach. Our strategy involves using ammonium carbonate as a chemical fuel to temporally regulate the attractions between oppositely charged hydrogels via ionic strength-controlled charge screening and hydrogel elasticity changes. This chemical fuel effectively mediates the assembly/disassembly processes and prevents waste accumulation, as ammonium carbonate can completely decompose into volatile chemical waste. The cyclic and reversible assembly process can be achieved without significant damping due to the self-clearance mechanism, as long as the chemical fuel is repeatedly supplied. This concept holds promise for creating macroscopic and microscopic nonequilibrium systems and self-adaptive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhongrui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
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18
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Abstract
In living cells the biochemical processes such as energy provision, molecule synthesis, gene expression and cell division take place in a confined space where the internal chemical and physical conditions are different from those in dilute solutions. The concentrations of specific molecules and the specific reactions and interactions vary for different types of cells, but a number of factors are universal and kept within limits, which we refer to as physicochemical homeostasis. For instance, the internal pH of many cell types is kept within the range of 7.0 to 7.5, the fraction of macromolecules occupies 15-20% of the cell volume (also know as macromolecular crowding) and the ionic strength is kept within limits to prevent salting-in or salting-out effects. In this article we summarize the generic physicochemical properties of the cytoplasm of bacteria, how they are connected to the energy status of the cell, and how they affect biological processes (Figure 1). We describe how the internal pH and proton motive force are regulated, how the internal ionic strength is kept within limits, what the impact of macromolecular crowding is on the function of enzymes and the interaction between molecules, how cells regulate their volume (and turgor), and how the cytoplasm is structured. Physicochemical homeostasis is best understood in Escherichia coli, but pioneering studies have also been performed in lactic acid bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Poolman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Groningen, NL
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19
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Selmani A, Jeitler R, Auinger M, Tetyczka C, Banzer P, Kantor B, Leitinger G, Roblegg E. Investigation of the Influence of Wound-Treatment-Relevant Buffer Systems on the Colloidal and Optical Properties of Gold Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1878. [PMID: 37368307 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are used in wound healing due to their radical scavenging activity. They shorten wound healing time by, for example, improving re-epithelialization and promoting the formation of new connective tissue. Another approach that promotes wound healing through cell proliferation while inhibiting bacterial growth is an acidic microenvironment, which can be achieved with acid-forming buffers. Accordingly, a combination of these two approaches appears promising and is the focus of the present study. Here, 18 nm and 56 nm gold NP (Au) were prepared with Turkevich reduction synthesis using design-of-experiments methodology, and the influence of pH and ionic strength on their behaviour was investigated. The citrate buffer had a pronounced effect on the stability of AuNPs due to the more complex intermolecular interactions, which was also confirmed by the changes in optical properties. In contrast, AuNPs dispersed in lactate and phosphate buffer were stable at therapeutically relevant ionic strength, regardless of their size. Simulation of the local pH distribution near the particle surface also showed a steep pH gradient for particles smaller than 100 nm. This suggests that the healing potential is further enhanced by a more acidic environment at the particle surface, making this strategy a promising approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiđa Selmani
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ramona Jeitler
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Auinger
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carolin Tetyczka
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Banzer
- Institute of Physics, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 5, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Brian Kantor
- Institute of Physics, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 5, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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20
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Taheri A, Kashaninejad M, Tamaddon AM, Du J, Jafari SM. Rheological Characteristics of Soluble Cress Seed Mucilage and β-Lactoglobulin Complexes with Salts Addition: Rheological Evidence of Structural Rearrangement. Gels 2023; 9:485. [PMID: 37367155 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional, physicochemical, and rheological properties of protein-polysaccharide complexes are remarkably under the influence of the quality of solvent or cosolute in a food system. Here, a comprehensive description of the rheological properties and microstructural peculiarities of cress seed mucilage (CSM)-β-lactoglobulin (Blg) complexes are discussed in the presence of CaCl2 (2-10 mM), (CSM-Blg-Ca), and NaCl (10-100 mM) (CSM-Blg-Na). Our results on steady-flow and oscillatory measurements indicated that shear thinning properties can be fitted well by the Herschel-Bulkley model and by the formation of highly interconnected gel structures in the complexes, respectively. Analyzing the rheological and structural features simultaneously led to an understanding that formations of extra junctions and the rearrangement of the particles in the CSM-Blg-Ca could enhance elasticity and viscosity, as compared with the effect of CSM-Blg complex without salts. NaCl reduced the viscosity and dynamic rheological properties and intrinsic viscosity through the salt screening effect and dissociation of structure. Moreover, the compatibility and homogeneity of complexes were approved by dynamic rheometry based on the Cole-Cole plot supported by intrinsic viscosity and molecular parameters such as stiffness. The results outlined the importance of rheological properties as criteria for investigations that determine the strength of interaction while facilitating the fabrication of new structures in salt-containing foods that incorporate protein-polysaccharide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Taheri
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran
- Food, Chemical and Biotechnology Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Drive, Singapore 138683, Singapore
| | - Mahdi Kashaninejad
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Tamaddon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Juan Du
- Food, Chemical and Biotechnology Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, 10 Dover Drive, Singapore 138683, Singapore
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran
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21
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Wang Y, Cui X, Li Y, Wang S, Yan G, Zhang L, Li Y. Effects of pH and Ionic Strength in Calcium on the Stability and Aeration Characteristics of Dairy Emulsion. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101976. [PMID: 37238793 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of different pH levels and ionic strength in calcium on the stability and aeration characteristics of dairy emulsions were investigated in this study. The results revealed that the stability and aeration characteristics of the emulsion were enhanced as the pH value increased from 6.5 to 7.0 and were optimal within the pH of 6.8~7.0, while the concentration of free calcium ions (Ca2+) was 2.94~3.22 mM. With the pH subsequently fixed at 6.8 and 7.0, when the addition of CaCl2 was increased to 2.00 mM (free Ca2+ strength > 4.11 mM), stability and aeration characteristics reduced significantly, including the flocculation of fat globules, an increase in particle size, and a decrease in the zeta potential and viscosity of the O/W emulsion, all leading to an increase in interfacial protein mass and decreased overrun and foam firmness. Overall, the results indicated that pH changes and CaCl2 addition significantly influenced the stability and aeration characteristics of dairy emulsions, by influencing free Ca2+ strength, which is an important factor in determining the quality of dairy emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunna Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Centre of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Cui
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiran Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guosen Yan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liebing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Centre of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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22
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Kolotova DS, Borovinskaya EV, Bordiyan VV, Zuev YF, Salnikov VV, Zueva OS, Derkach SR. Phase Behavior of Aqueous Mixtures of Sodium Alginate with Fish Gelatin: Effects of pH and Ionic Strength. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102253. [PMID: 37242828 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The phase behavior of aqueous mixtures of fish gelatin (FG) and sodium alginate (SA) and complex coacervation phenomena depending on pH, ionic strength, and cation type (Na+, Ca2+) were studied by turbidimetric acid titration, UV spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for different mass ratios of sodium alginate and gelatin (Z = 0.01-1.00). The boundary pH values determining the formation and dissociation of SA-FG complexes were measured, and we found that the formation of soluble SA-FG complexes occurs in the transition from neutral (pHc) to acidic (pHφ1) conditions. Insoluble complexes formed below pHφ1 separate into distinct phases, and the phenomenon of complex coacervation is thus observed. Formation of the highest number of insoluble SA-FG complexes, based on the value of the absorption maximum, is observed at рHopt and results from strong electrostatic interactions. Then, visible aggregation occurs, and dissociation of the complexes is observed when the next boundary, pHφ2, is reached. As Z increases in the range of SA-FG mass ratios from 0.01 to 1.00, the boundary values of рНc, рHφ1, рHopt, and рHφ2 become more acidic, shifting from 7.0 to 4.6, from 6.8 to 4.3, from 6.6 to 2.8, and from 6.0 to 2.7, respectively. An increase in ionic strength leads to suppression of the electrostatic interaction between the FG and SA molecules, and no complex coacervation is observed at NaCl and CaCl2 concentrations of 50 to 200 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria S Kolotova
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Marine Bioresources, Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Murmansk State Technical University, Murmansk 183010, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Borovinskaya
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Marine Bioresources, Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Murmansk State Technical University, Murmansk 183010, Russia
| | - Vlada V Bordiyan
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Marine Bioresources, Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Murmansk State Technical University, Murmansk 183010, Russia
| | - Yuriy F Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan 420111, Russia
- A. Butlerov Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Vadim V Salnikov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Olga S Zueva
- Institute of Electric Power Engineering and Electronics, Kazan State Power Engineering University, Kazan 420066, Russia
| | - Svetlana R Derkach
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Marine Bioresources, Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Murmansk State Technical University, Murmansk 183010, Russia
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23
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Okagu OD, Abioye RO, Udenigwe CC. Molecular Interaction of Pea Glutelin and Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds: Structure-Binding Relationship and Nano-/Microcomplexation. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:4957-4969. [PMID: 36939737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of ionic strength and lipophilicity of bioactive compounds on their interaction with the alkaline soluble pea glutelin fraction (ASF) using the fluorescence quenching technique. A Stern-Volmer quenching constant, KD, of 8.9 ± 0.10, 5.3 ± 0.06, 4.0 ± 0.01, 1.1 ± 0.00, 0.9 ± 0.02, and 0.1 ± 0.00 (×104 M-1) was observed for curcumin-ASF (CuASF), astaxanthin-ASF (AsASF), cholecalciferol-ASF (ChASF), β-carotene-ASF (βCaASF), coenzyme Q10-ASF (Q10ASF), and β-sitosterol-ASF (βSiASF) complexes, respectively. An increase in ionic strength did not significantly change KD, the effective quenching constant K, and the bimolecular quenching rate constant KQ. However, it changed the mode of interaction of the ASF with cholecalciferol, β-carotene, coenzyme Q10, and β-sitosterol from static to static-dynamic quenching. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the morphology formed with protein (spherical nanocomplexes, microaggregates, or fiber-like particles) differed among the compounds. The favorable binding of CuASF, AsASF, ChASF, and βCaASF complexes provides stable matrices for formulating protein-based delivery systems for lipophilic nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogadimma D Okagu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Raliat O Abioye
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Chibuike C Udenigwe
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
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24
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Daya J, Cusick V, Mattila J. Characterization of ionic strength for X-MuLV inactivation by low pH treatment for monoclonal antibody purification. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:1605-1613. [PMID: 36924035 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
In the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) intended for use in humans, it is a global Regulatory requirement that the manufacturing process includes unit operations that are proven to inactivate or remove adventitious agents to ensure viral safety. Viral inactivation by low pH hold (LPH) is typically used to ensure this viral safety in the purification process of mAbs and other proteins expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. To ascertain the effectiveness of the LPH step, viral clearance studies have evaluated LPH under worst-case conditions of high pH and minimum hold duration. Highly acidic conditions (i.e., pH < 3.60) provide robust and effective enveloped virus inactivation but may lead to reduced product quality of the therapeutic protein. However, when viral inactivation is operated above pH 3.60 to ensure product stability, effective (> 4 log10 reduction factor) viral inactivation may not be observed under these worst-case pH conditions in viral clearance studies. A multivariate design of experiments was conducted to further characterize the operating space for low pH viral inactivation of a model retrovirus, xenotropic murine leukemia virus (X-MuLV). The statistically designed experiment evaluated the effect of mAb isotype, pH, temperature, acid titrant, sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration, virus spike timing, and post-spike filtration on X-MuLV inactivation. Data from the characterization study were used to generate predictive models to identify conditions that reliably achieve effective viral inactivation at pH ≥ 3.60. Results of the study demonstrated that NaCl concentration has the greatest effect on virus inactivation in the range studied, and pH has a large effect when the load material has no additional NaCl. Overall, robust and effective inactivation of X-MuLV at pH 3.65 to 3.80 can be achieved by manipulating either the pH or the NaCl concentration of the load material. This study contributes to the understanding of ionic strength as an influential parameter in low pH viral inactivation studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Daya
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - John Mattila
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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25
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Soussi Hachfi R, Hamon P, Rousseau F, Famelart MH, Bouhallab S. Ionic Strength Dependence of the Complex Coacervation between Lactoferrin and β-Lactoglobulin. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36900563 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heteroprotein complex coacervation is an assembly formed by oppositely charged proteins in aqueous solution that leads to liquid-liquid phase separation. The ability of lactoferrin and β-lactoglobulin to form complex coacervates at pH 5.5 under optimal protein stoichiometry has been studied in a previous work. The goal of the current study is to determine the influence of ionic strength on the complex coacervation between these two proteins using direct mixing and desalting protocols. The initial interaction between lactoferrin and β-lactoglobulin and subsequent coacervation process were highly sensitive to the ionic strength. No microscopic phase separation was observed beyond a salt concentration of 20 mM. The coacervate yield decreased drastically with increasing added NaCl from 0 to 60 mM. The charge-screening effect induced by increasing the ionic strength is attributed to a decrease of interaction between the two oppositely charged proteins throughout a decrease in Debye length. Interestingly, as shown by isothermal titration calorimetry, a small concentration of NaCl around 2.5 mM promoted the binding energy between the two proteins. These results shed new light on the electrostatically driven mechanism governing the complex coacervation in heteroprotein systems.
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26
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Abdel-Gawad WM, Abdelmohsen M, Gaber MH, Khalil WMA, Abu-Elmagd MSM. Molecular dynamics simulation of phosphatidylcholine membrane in low ionic strengths of sodium chloride. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13891-13901. [PMID: 36812302 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2183040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The one-microsecond molecular dynamics simulations of a membrane-protein complex investigate the influence of the aqueous sodium chloride solutions on the structure and dynamics of a palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine bilayer membrane. The simulations were performed on five different concentrations (40, 150, 200, 300, and 400 mM) in addition to a salt-free system by using the charmm36 force field for all atoms. Four biophysical parameters, (membrane thicknesses of annular and bulk lipids, and the area per lipid of both leaflets), were computed separately. Nevertheless, the area per lipid was expressed by using the Voronoi algorithm. All time-independent analyses were carried out for the last 400 ns trajectories. Different concentrations revealed dissimilar membrane dynamics before equilibration. The biophysical properties of the membrane (thickness, area-per-lipid, and order parameter) have non-significant changes with increasing ionic strength, however, the 150 mM system had exceptional behavior. Sodium cations were dynamically penetrating the membrane forming weak coordinate bonds with single or multiple lipids. Nevertheless, the binding constant was unaffected by the cation concentration. The electrostatic and Van der Waals energies of lipid-lipid interactions were influenced by the ionic strength. On the other hand, the Fast Fourier Transform was performed to figure out the dynamics at the membrane-protein interface. The nonbonding energies of membrane-protein interactions and order parameters explained the differences in the synchronization pattern. All results were consensus with experimental and theoretical works.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Abdelmohsen
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Mathematics and Engineering Physics Department, The Higher Institute of Engineering, Shorouk Academy, El-Shorouk City, Cairo, Egypt
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27
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Wang Z, Won SW. Polyethylenimine-Crosslinked 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane-Grafted Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient Adsorption of Reactive Yellow 2 from Water. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032954. [PMID: 36769277 PMCID: PMC9917493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This research intended to report amine-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) prepared by a simple method for efficient and rapid removal of Reactive Yellow 2 (RY2) from water. EDS analysis showed that the N content increased from 0 to 2.42% and from 2.42 to 8.66% after modification by 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and polyethylenimine (PEI), respectively. BET analysis displayed that the specific surface area, average pore size, and total pore volume were reduced from 405.22 to 176.16 m2/g, 39.67 to 6.30 nm, and 4.02 to 0.28 cm3/g, respectively. These results proved that the PEI/APTES-MWCNTs were successfully prepared. pH edge experiments indicated that pH 2 was optimal for RY2 removal. At pH 2 and 25 °C, the time required for adsorption equilibrium was 10, 15, and 180 min at initial concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/L, respectively; and the maximum RY2 uptake calculated by the Langmuir model was 714.29 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Moreover, 0-0.1 mol/L of NaCl showed negligible effect on RY2 removal by PEI/APTES-MWCNTs. Five adsorption/desorption cycles confirmed the good reusability of PEI/APTES-MWCNTs in RY2 removal. Overall, the PEI/APTES-MWCNTs are a potential and efficient adsorbent for reactive dye wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 2 Tongyeonghaean-ro, Tongyeong 53064, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Won
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 2 Tongyeonghaean-ro, Tongyeong 53064, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 2 Tongyeonghaean-ro, Tongyeong 53064, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-9136
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28
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Nashed N, Chan S, Lam M, Ghafourian T, Nokhodchi A. Effect of pH, Ionic Strength and Agitation Rate on Dissolution Behaviour of 3D-Printed Tablets, Tablets Prepared from Ground Hot-Melt Extruded Filaments and Physical Mixtures. Biomedicines 2023; 11. [PMID: 36830914 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
With the current focus on 3D-printing technologies, it is essential to understand the processes involved in such printing methods and approaches to minimize the variability in dissolution behaviour to achieve better quality control outcomes. For this purpose, two formulations of theophylline tablets were prepared using hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and ethyl cellulose (EC). Among the two types of tablets, three different methods (physical mixture (PM), hot-melt extrusion (HME) and 3D-printing fused deposition modelling (FDM)) were applied and their dissolution behaviours were studied under various conditions using a biodissolution tester. This was carried out at pH values of 1.2, 2.2, 5.8, 6.8, 7.2 and 7.5, mimicking the medium in the gastrointestinal tract. Dissolution tests under two dipping rates (10 dpm and 20 dpm) and two ionic strengths (0.2 M and 0.4 M) were conducted to mimic fed and fasting conditions. The dissolution efficiency (DE%), release rate, similarity factor (f2) and difference factor (f1) were calculated. When comparing the DE%, the formulation containing EC showed less sensitivity to changes in the dipping rate and ionic strength compared to the HPC formulation. As for the manufacturing method, 3D-printing FDM could improve the robustness of the dissolution behaviour of both formulations to dipping rate changes. However, for ionic strength changes, the effect of the manufacturing method was dependent on the formulation composition. For example, the 3D-printed tablets of the HPC formulation were more sensitive to changes in ionic strength compared to the EC-containing formulation. The release mechanism also changed after the thermal process, where n values in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model were much higher in the printing and HME methods compared to the PM. Based on the formulation composition, the 3D-printing method could be a good candidate method for tablets with a robust dissolution behaviour in the GI tract. Compared to HPC polymers, using hydrophobic EC polymers in printable formulations can result in a more robust dissolution behaviour in fed and fasting states.
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29
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Gao Y, Raghavan A, Deng B, Lee J, Liang B. Optimal Conditions for In Vitro Assembly of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Nucleocapsid-like Particles. Viruses 2023; 15. [PMID: 36851557 DOI: 10.3390/v15020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleocapsids (NCs) of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can display multiple morphologies in vivo, including spherical, asymmetric, and filamentous conformations. Obtaining homogeneous ring-like oligomers in vitro is significant since they structurally represent one turn of the characteristic RSV NC helical filament. Here, we analyzed and optimized conditions for forming homogenous, recombinant nucleocapsid-like particles (NCLPs) of RSV in vitro. We examined the effects of modifying the integrated RNA length and sequence, altering incubation time, and varying buffer parameters, including salt concentration and pH, on ring-like NCLPs assembly using negative stain electron microscopy (EM) imaging. We showed that high-quality, homogeneous particles are assembled when incubating short, adenine-rich RNA sequences with RNA-free N associated with P (N0P). Further, we reported that a co-incubation duration greater than 3 days, a NaCl concentration between 100 mM and 200 mM, and a pH between 7 and 8 are optimal for N-RNA ring assembly with polyadenine RNA sequences. We believe assembling high-quality, homogeneous NCLPs in vitro will allow for further analysis of RSV RNA synthesis. This work may also lend insights into obtaining high-resolution nucleocapsid homogeneous structures for in vitro analysis of antiviral drug candidates against RSV and related viruses.
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30
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Zhang M, Celis CD, Liu J, Bustamante C, Ren G. Conformational Change of Nucleosome Arrays prior to Phase Separation. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2460504. [PMID: 36711774 PMCID: PMC9882673 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2460504/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin phase transition serves as a regulatory mechanism for eukaryotic transcription. Understanding this process requires the characterization of the nucleosome array structure in response to external stimuli prior to phase separation. However, the intrinsic flexibility and heterogeneity hinders the arrays' structure determination. Here we exploit advances in cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET) to determine the three-dimensional (3D) structure of each individual particle of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetranucleosome arrays. Statistical analysis reveals the ionic strength changes the angle between the DNA linker and nucleosome core particle (NCP), which regulate the overall morphology of nucleosome arrays. The finding that one-third of the arrays in the presence of H1 contain an NCP invaded by foreign DNA suggests an alternative function of H1 in constructing nucleosomal networks. The new insights into the nucleosome conformational changes prior to the intermolecular interaction stage extends our understanding of chromatin phase separation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA
- Applied Science and Technology Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - César-Díaz Celis
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Jianfang Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA
| | - Carlos Bustamante
- Applied Science and Technology Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA
- Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Gang Ren
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA
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Nietch CT, Smucker NJ, Gains-Germain L, Peck CP, Guglielmi S, DeCelles S, Lazorchak J, Johnson B, Weaver P. Using Single-Species and Whole Community Stream Mesocosm Exposures for Identifying Major Ion Effects in Doses Mimicking Resource Extraction Wastewaters. Water (Basel) 2023; 15:1-26. [PMID: 38269364 PMCID: PMC10807236 DOI: 10.3390/w15020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Wastewaters and leachates from various inland resource extraction activities contain high ionic concentrations and differ in ionic composition, which complicates the understanding and effective management of their relative risks to stream ecosystems. To this end, we conducted a stream mesocosm dose-response experiment using two dosing recipes prepared from industrial salts. One recipe was designed to generally reflect the major ion composition of deep well brines (DWB) produced from gas wells (primarily Na+, Ca2+, and Cl-) and the other, the major ion composition of mountaintop mining (MTM) leachates from coal extraction operations (using salts dissociating to Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, SO42- and HCO3-)-both sources being extensive in the Central Appalachians of the USA. The recipes were dosed at environmentally relevant nominal concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) spanning 100 to 2000 mg/L for 43 d under continuous flow-through conditions. The colonizing native algal periphyton and benthic invertebrates comprising the mesocosm ecology were assessed with response sensitivity distributions (RSDs) and hazard concentrations (HCs) at the taxa, community (as assemblages), and system (as primary and secondary production) levels. Single-species toxicity tests were run with the same recipes. Dosing the MTM recipe resulted in a significant loss of secondary production and invertebrate taxa assemblages that diverged from the control at all concentrations tested. Comparatively, intermediate doses of the DWB recipe had little consequence or increased secondary production (for emergence only) and had assemblages less different from the control. Only the highest dose of the DWB recipe had a negative impact on certain ecologies. The MTM recipe appeared more toxic, but overall, for both types of resource extraction wastewaters, the mesocosm responses suggested significant changes in stream ecology would not be expected for specific conductivity below 300 µS/cm, a published aquatic life benchmark suggested for the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Nietch
- USEPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 26W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
| | - Nathan J. Smucker
- USEPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 26W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
| | | | | | - Stefania Guglielmi
- Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., 46 East Hollister Street, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Susanna DeCelles
- Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., 46 East Hollister Street, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - James Lazorchak
- USEPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 26W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
| | - Brent Johnson
- USEPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 26W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
| | - Paul Weaver
- USEPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 26W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
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32
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Myeong H, Kim J, Lee JY, Kwon KD. Kinetics of polystyrene nanoplastic deposition on SiO 2 and Al 2O 3 surfaces: Ionic strength effects. Sci Prog 2023; 106:368504221150430. [PMID: 36650983 PMCID: PMC10450312 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221150430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastic pollution is an emerging environmental threat to the critical zone. The transport of nanoplastic particles in subsurface environments can be determined mainly by soil minerals because they provide surfaces that interact with nanoplastic particles. However, the interactions between mineral surfaces and nanoplastics are poorly understood. In this study, the deposition kinetics of polystyrene-nanoplastic particles onto representative oxide surfaces SiO2 and Al2O3 at circumneutral pH were investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance, with variations in the ionic strength (0.1-100 mM) of the well-dispersed nanoplastic particles suspension. While polystyrene-nanoplastic particles deposited minimally on the SiO2 surface at an ionic strength of < 100 mM (∼10 ng/cm2), substantial deposition occurred at 100 mM (3.7 ± 0.4 μg/cm2). On the Al2O3 surface, a significant amount of polystyrene-nanoplastic particle was deposited from the lowest ionic strength (4.5 ± 0.8 μg/cm2). The deposition mass at 100 mM NaCl was two times higher (7.2 ± 0.2 μg/cm2) than on the SiO2 surface, while the deposition rates were similar between the two surfaces (10-15 Hz/min). Our results indicate that alumina most likely exerts a stronger influence than quartz on the transport of nanoplastic particles in soils and groundwater aquifers. The deposition kinetics strongly depends on the mineral surface and solution ionic strength, and these quantitative results can serve as validation data in developing transport modeling of nanoplastic in subsurface environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonah Myeong
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyeok Kim
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Lee
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kideok D. Kwon
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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33
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Jing X, Wu Y, Wang D, Qu C, Liu J, Gao C, Mohamed A, Huang Q, Cai P, Ashry NM. Ionic Strength-Dependent Attachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 on Graphene Oxide Surfaces. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:16707-16715. [PMID: 36378621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a widely used antimicrobial and antibiofouling material in surface modification. Although the antibacterial mechanisms of GO have been thoroughly elucidated, the dynamics of bacterial attachment on GO surfaces under environmentally relevant conditions remain largely unknown. In this study, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used to examine the dynamic attachment processes of a model organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 onto GO surface under different ionic strengths (1-600 mM NaCl). Our results show the highest bacterial attachment at moderate ionic strengths (200-400 mM). The quantitative model of QCM-D reveals that the enhanced bacterial attachment is attributed to the higher contact area between bacterial cells and GO surface. The extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis were employed to reveal the mechanisms of the bacteria-GO interactions under different ionic strengths. The strong electrostatic and steric repulsion at low ionic strengths (1-100 mM) was found to hinder the bacteria-GO interaction, while the limited polymer bridging caused by the collapse of biopolymer layers reduced cell attachment at a high ionic strength (600 mM). These findings advance our understanding of the ionic strength-dependent bacteria-GO interaction and provide implications to further improve the antibiofouling performance of GO-modified surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Jing
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Yichao Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Dengjun Wang
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama36849, United States
| | - Chenchen Qu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Chunhui Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Abdelkader Mohamed
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Peng Cai
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Noha Mohamed Ashry
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
- Agriculture Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Qalubia13736, Egypt
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Li P, Kierulf A, Whaley J, Smoot J, Herrera MP, Abbaspourrad A. Modulating Functionality of Starch-Based Patchy Particles by Manipulating Architecture and Environmental Factors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:39497-39506. [PMID: 35960853 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Starch as a food-grade thickener has been commonly used in food products to modulate textural properties. Improving viscosity-enhancing ability, so as to be able to use less starch for the same texture, has been considered as an approach to reduce the dietary consumption of carbohydrates. We have positively charged amaranth starch (∼1 μm) and negatively charged corn starch (>10 μm) and physically fused the particles together to create a starch with a heterogeneous pattern. This starch has a negatively charged main body, due to the larger corn particles, and positively charged patches from the amaranth starch. These patchy particles self-assembled through electrostatic interactions into a shear-reversible thickener. The impact of patchiness and charge density on material functionality was investigated. The degree of patchiness was controlled by manipulating the ratio between the two starches, and results showed that viscosity was reduced when the patchiness was higher. With the same patchy area, a higher charge density did not contribute to higher water-holding capacity. The more charged particles were able to enhance the viscosity, however, due to the stronger interparticle electrostatic interaction. The effects of environmental factors including pH level and ionic strength were also investigated, and the results showed that at extreme pH levels, or in the presence of Na+ or Ca2+, the charges on the starch particles were screened, and this inhibited interaction and reduced viscosity. The present work demonstrates that the texture of starch slurries can be fine-tuned by manipulating the degree of patchiness and the charge density of patchy particles. It also evaluates the application potential in food products with different pH levels and ionic strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilong Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Arkaye Kierulf
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Tate & Lyle Solutions USA LLC, 5450 Prairie Stone Pkwy, Hoffman Estates, Illinois 60192, United States
| | - Judith Whaley
- Tate & Lyle Solutions USA LLC, 5450 Prairie Stone Pkwy, Hoffman Estates, Illinois 60192, United States
| | - James Smoot
- Tate & Lyle Solutions USA LLC, 5450 Prairie Stone Pkwy, Hoffman Estates, Illinois 60192, United States
| | - Mariana Perez Herrera
- Tate & Lyle Solutions USA LLC, 5450 Prairie Stone Pkwy, Hoffman Estates, Illinois 60192, United States
| | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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35
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Xu M, Li X, Zeng Q, Zhang T. Synthesis and Study on Aggregation Behaviors in Liquid Phase of Three Prepared Cyanine Dyes. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1733-1740. [PMID: 35894773 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigate the aggregation behaviors of three prepared dyes in the liquid phase to pick out one possessing J-aggregation characteristic which is of significant interest for organic materials used in multiple bio-applications. The self-assembly of dyes usually leads to various forms of aggregates, for example, H-aggregates or J-aggregates and it is easy to distinguish bathochromic J-aggregation from hypsochromic H-aggregation by UV/Vis spectroscopy. Enlightened by the cyanine dyes which have shown a great tendency to self-associate, we designed and synthesized three cyanine dyes: Cy7-Ph, DCy7-Ph, SN-Cy7-Ph, followed by the study of the influence of multiple factors to their aggregation behaviors, including solvent polarity, ionic strength and temperature. Finally, we found that only SN-Cy7-Ph of the three molecules can self-assemble into J-aggregates conveniently and stably in the aqueous phase under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengcui Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xipeng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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36
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Lowe TL, Clarke SG. Human Protein Arginine Methyltransferases (PRMTs) Can Be Optimally Active Under Non-Physiological Conditions. J Biol Chem 2022;:102290. [PMID: 35868559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is involved in many biological processes and can be enhanced in cancer. In mammals, these reactions are catalyzed on multiple substrates by a family of nine protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). However, conditions that may regulate the activity of each enzyme and that may help us understand the physiological role of PRMTs have not been fully established. Previous studies had suggested unexpected effects of temperature and ionic strength on PRMT7 activity. Here we examine in detail the effects of temperature, pH, and ionic strength on recombinant human PRMT1, PRMT5, and PRMT7. We confirmed the unusual temperature dependence of PRMT7, where optimal activity was observed at 15 °C. On the other hand, we found that PRMT1 and PRMT5 are most active near physiological temperatures of 37 °C. However, we showed all three enzymes still have significant activity at 0 °C. Furthermore, we determined that PRMT1 is most active at a pH of about 7.7, while PRMT5 activity is not dependent on pH in the range of 6.5 to 8.5. Significantly, PRMT7 is most active at an alkaline pH of 8.5 but shows little activity at the physiological intracellular pH of about 7.2. We also detected decreased activity at physiological salt conditions for PRMT1, PRMT5, and PRMT7. We demonstrate that the loss of activity is due to the increasing ionic strength. Taken together, these results open the possibility that PRMTs respond in cells undergoing temperature, salt, or pH stress and demonstrate the potential for in vivo regulation of protein arginine methylation.
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37
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Ren Z, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Lin X, Weng W, Li B. Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Tea Water-Insoluble Protein Nanoparticles From Tea Residues: Responsiveness to Ionic Strength. Front Nutr 2022; 9:892845. [PMID: 35558751 PMCID: PMC9087344 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.892845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea water-insoluble protein nanoparticles (TWIPNs) can be applied to stabilize Pickering emulsions. However, the effect of ionic strength (0–400 mmol/L) on the characteristics of Pickering emulsions stabilized by TWIPNs (TWIPNPEs) including volume-averaged particle size (d4,3), zeta potential, microstructure and rheological properties is still unclear. Therefore, this work researched the effect of ionic strength on the characteristics of TWIPNPEs. The d4,3 of TWIPNPEs in the aquatic phase increased with the increase in ionic strength (0–400 mmol/L), which was higher than that in the SDS phase. Furthermore, the flocculation index of TWIPNPEs significantly (P < 0.05) increased from 24.48 to 152.92% with the increase in ionic strength. This could be verified from the microstructure observation. These results indicated that ionic strength could promote the flocculation of TWIPNPEs. Besides, the absolute values of zeta potential under different ionic strengths were above 40 mV in favor of the stabilization of TWIPNPEs. The viscosity of TWIPNPEs as a pseudoplastic fluid became thin when shear rate increased from 0.1 to 100 s−1. The viscoelasticity of TWIPNPEs increased with increasing ionic strength to make TWIPNPEs form a gel-like Pickering emulsion. the possible mechanism of flocculation stability of TWIPNPEs under different ionic strengths was propose. TWIPNs adsorbed to the oil-water interface would prompt flocculation between different emulsion droplets under the high ionic strength to form gel-like behavior verified by CLSM. These results on the characteristics of TWIPNPEs in a wide ionic strength range would provide the theoretical basis for applying Pickering emulsions stabilized by plant proteins in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Ren
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, China
| | - Zhongzheng Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Lin
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuyin Weng
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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38
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Asandei A, Mereuta L, Bucataru IC, Park Y, Luchian T. A single-molecule insight into the ionic strength dependent, cationic peptide nucleic acids - oligonucleotides interactions. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200261. [PMID: 35419929 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To alleviate solubility-related shortcomings associated with the use of neutral peptide nucleic acids (PNA), a powerful strategy is incorporate various charged sidechains onto the PNA structure. Here we employ a single-molecule technique and prove that the ionic current blockade signature of free poly(Arg)-PNAs and their corresponding duplexes with target ssDNAs interacting with a single a-hemolysin (a-HL) nanopore is highly ionic strength dependent, with high salt-containing electrolytes facilitating both capture and isolation of such complexes. Our data illustrate the effect of low ionic strength in reducing the effective volume of free poly(Arg)-PNAs and augmentation of their electrophoretic mobility while traversing the nanopore. We found that unlike in high salt electrolytes, the specific hybridization of cationic moiety-containing PNAs with complementary negatively charged ssDNAs in a salt concentration as low as 0.5 M is dramatically impeded. We suggest a scenario in which reduced charge screening by counterions in low salt electrolytes enables non-specific, electrostatic interactions with the anionic backbone of polynucleotides, thus reducing the ability of PNA-DNA complementary association via hydrogen bonding patterns. We applied an experimental strategy with spatially-separated poly(Arg)-PNAs and ssDNAs, and present evidence at the single-molecule level suggestive of the real-time, long-range interactions-driven formation of poly(Arg)-PNA-DNA complexes, as individual strands entering the nanopore from opposite directions collide inside a nanocavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Asandei
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University: Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, ICI, ROMANIA
| | - Loredana Mereuta
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University: Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Physics, ROMANIA
| | - Ioana C Bucataru
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University: Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Physics, ROMANIA
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Chosun University, Department of Biomedical Science, ROMANIA
| | - Tudor Luchian
- Alexandru I. Cuza University, Physics, Blvd. Carol I, no. 11, 700506, Iasi, ROMANIA
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Brancolini G, Rotello VM, Corni S. Role of Ionic Strength in the Formation of Stable Supramolecular Nanoparticle-Protein Conjugates for Biosensing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042368. [PMID: 35216496 PMCID: PMC8874478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit distinct physical and chemical properties depending on the nature of the ligand chemistry. A commonly employed NP monolayer comprises hydrophobic molecules linked to a shell of PEG and terminated with functional end group, which can be charged or neutral. Different layers of the ligand shell can also interact in different manners with proteins, expanding the range of possible applications of these inorganic nanoparticles. AuNP-fluorescent Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) conjugates are gaining increasing attention in sensing applications. Experimentally, their stability is observed to be maintained at low ionic strength conditions, but not at physiologically relevant conditions of higher ionic strength, limiting their applications in the field of biosensors. While a significant amount of fundamental work has been done to quantify electrostatic interactions of colloidal nanoparticle at the nanoscale, a theoretical description of the ion distribution around AuNPs still remains relatively unexplored. We perform extensive atomistic simulations of two oppositely charged monolayer-protected AuNPs interacting with fluorescent supercharged GFPs co-engineered to have complementary charges. These simulations were run at different ionic strengths to disclose the role of the ionic environment on AuNP–GFP binding. The results highlight the capability of both AuNPs to intercalate ions and water molecules within the gold–sulfur inner shell and the different tendency of ligands to bend inward allowing the protein to bind not only with the terminal ligands but also the hydrophobic alkyl chains. Different binding stability is observed in the two investigated cases as a function of the ligand chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Brancolini
- Institute of Nanoscience, CNR-NANO S3, via G. Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-2055333
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Stefano Corni
- Institute of Nanoscience, CNR-NANO S3, via G. Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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40
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Vogt R, Steinhoff B, Mozhayeva D, Vogt E, Metreveli G, Schönherr H, Engelhard C, Wanzenböck J, Lamatsch DK. Incubation media modify silver nanoparticle toxicity for whitefish ( Coregonus lavaretus) and roach ( Rutilus rutilus) embryos. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2022; 85:143-162. [PMID: 34719351 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1988014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological studies were performed to examine silver nanoparticle (AgNP, size: 14.4 ± 2.5 nm) transformation within three different test media and consequent effects on embryos of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) and roach (Rutilus rutilus). The test media, namely ASTM very hard water, ISO standard dilution medium, and natural lake water differed predominantly in ionic strength. Total silver was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), while AgNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and single particle ICP-MS. Silver species distributions were estimated via thermodynamic speciation calculations. Data demonstrated that increased AgNP dissolution accompanied by decreasing ionic strength of the test medium did not occur as noted in other studies. Further, other physicochemical parameters including AgNP size and metallic species distribution did not markedly affect AgNP-induced toxicity. Irrespective of the test medium, C. lavaretus were more sensitive to AgNP exposure (median lethal concentration after 8 weeks: 0.51-0.73 mg/L) compared to R. rutilus, where adverse effects were only observed at 5 mg/L in natural lake water. In addition, AgNP-induced toxicity was lower in the two standard test media compared to natural lake water. Currently, there are no apparent studies assessing simultaneously the sensitivity of C. lavaretus and R. rutilus to AgNP exposure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to (1) investigate AgNP-induced toxicity in C. lavaretus and R. rutilus cohabiting in the same aquatic environment and (2) the role played by test media in the observed effects of AgNPs on these aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Vogt
- Fish Ecology, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Benedikt Steinhoff
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Darya Mozhayeva
- Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Eva Vogt
- Fish Ecology, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - George Metreveli
- Environmental and Soil Chemistry, iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau in Der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Carsten Engelhard
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
- Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Josef Wanzenböck
- Fish Ecology, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Dunja Katharina Lamatsch
- Molecular and Cytogenetic Evolution of Asexual Aquatic Organisms, Research Department for Limnology, Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
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Vardevanyan PO, Parsadanyan MA, Antonyan AP, Shahinyan MA. Study of complexes of Hoechst 33258 with poly(rA)-poly(rU) depending on various ionic strengths in the water-saline solution. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:1182-1188. [PMID: 32954957 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1823883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Comparative study of the complexes of groove-binding ligand Hoechst 33258 (H33258) with synthetic homopolynucleotides poly(rA)-poly(rU) and poly(dA)-poly(dT) has been carried out at various concentration ratios of r = ligand/nucleic acids (NA) and different ionic strengths of the water-saline solution 0.02, 0.04 and 0.1 M, using the method of UV-melting. It was revealed that the melting curves of the complexes of poly(dA)-poly(dT) with H33258 at the low concentrations of ligand are biphasic, which actually does not depend on the solution ionic strength. In the case of the complexes of poly(rA)-poly(rU)-H33258, the melting curves become quasi-biphasic only at the ionic strength 0.02 M and relatively high concentrations of the ligand. Differential melting curves (DMC) of the mentioned polynucleotides and their complexes with H33258 were obtained as well. DMC of poly(rA)-poly(rU) were found to be significantly wide at the ionic strengths of the solution 0.02 and 0.04 M and to show an intrinsic heterogeneity of double-stranded structure of this polynucleotide.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poghos O Vardevanyan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Marine A Parsadanyan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ara P Antonyan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Mariam A Shahinyan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
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Sarraf M, Naji‐Tabasi S, Beig‐babaei A. Influence of calcium chloride and pH on soluble complex of whey protein-basil seed gum and xanthan gum. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6728-6736. [PMID: 34925802 PMCID: PMC8645777 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction between biopolymers generates different rheological behaviors, which can be effective on the structure of food products. One way to control the polysaccharide-protein interaction is the variation of acidic and ionic strength. In this research, the different amounts of pHs (3-7) and calcium chloride (5-20 mM) were investigated on a soluble complex of whey protein concentrate (WPC) with xanthan gum (XG) and basil seed gum (BSG). The complex characteristic was investigated according to turbidity, viscosity behavior, and electrostatic interactions. The turbidity test showed that WPC:BSG and WPC:XG absorbance increased at pH 3.5 and 4.5, respectively, due to the formation of insoluble complex. pH 6 was the start point of the turbidity increment, which showed the formation of soluble complexes between WPC and polysaccharides. The FTIR analysis confirmed creation of soluble complex at pH 6. The absorbance raised with increasing the molar of CaCl2 to 10 mM, but no significant difference was observed by turbidity test in the range of CaCl2<10 mM. Also, the highest viscosity value was obtained by 10 mM CaCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Sarraf
- Department of Food ChemistryResearch Institute of Food Science and TechnologyMashhadIran
| | - Sara Naji‐Tabasi
- Department of Food NanotechnologyResearch Institute of Food Science and TechnologyMashhadIran
| | - Adel Beig‐babaei
- Department of Food ChemistryResearch Institute of Food Science and TechnologyMashhadIran
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Ziaunys M, Sakalauskas A, Mikalauskaite K, Smirnovas V. Polymorphism of Alpha-Synuclein Amyloid Fibrils Depends on Ionic Strength and Protein Concentration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12382. [PMID: 34830264 PMCID: PMC8621411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregate formation is linked with multiple amyloidoses, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Currently, the understanding of such fibrillar structure formation and propagation is still not sufficient, the outcome of which is a lack of potent, anti-amyloid drugs. The environmental conditions used during in vitro protein aggregation assays play an important role in determining both the aggregation kinetic parameters, as well as resulting fibril structure. In the case of alpha-synuclein, ionic strength has been shown as a crucial factor in its amyloid aggregation. In this work, we examine a large sample size of alpha-synuclein aggregation reactions under thirty different ionic strength and protein concentration combinations and determine the resulting fibril structural variations using their dye-binding properties, secondary structure and morphology. We show that both ionic strength and protein concentration determine the structural variability of alpha-synuclein amyloid fibrils and that sometimes even identical conditions can result in up to four distinct types of aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Ziaunys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.S.); (K.M.); (V.S.)
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Milaković L, Hintermeier PH, Liu Y, Baráth E, Lercher JA. Influence of Intracrystalline Ionic Strength in MFI Zeolites on Aqueous Phase Dehydration of Methylcyclohexanols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24806-24810. [PMID: 34384139 PMCID: PMC9290721 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the concentration of hydrated hydronium ions and in turn of the local ionic strength in MFI zeolites has been investigated for the aqueous phase dehydration of 4‐methylcyclohexanol (E1 mechanism) and cis‐2‐methylcyclohexanol (E2 mechanism). The E2 pathway with the latter alcohol led to a 2.5‐fold higher activity. The catalytic activity normalized to the hydronium ions (turnover frequency, TOF) passed through a pronounced maximum, which is attributed to the increasing excess chemical potential of the alcohols in the pores, increasing in parallel with the ionic strength and the additional work caused by repulsive interactions and charge separation induced by the bulky alcohols. While the maximum in rate observed is invariant with the mechanism or substitution, the reaction pathway is influencing the activation parameters differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Milaković
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter H Hintermeier
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Eszter Baráth
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes A Lercher
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
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Zsila F. Comment on "Emissive H-Aggregates of an Ultrafast Molecular Rotor: A Promising Platform for Sensing Heparin". ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:50585-50588. [PMID: 34670370 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For heparin sensing, Mudliar and Singh developed fluorescence and absorption spectroscopic approaches by utilizing emissive H-aggregates of thioflavin T (ThT) formed upon heparin binding. It has been proposed that the methods work not only in pure aqueous solution but also in complex biological media such as human serum. However, the optical features used to detect and quantify heparin are very sensitive to the ionic strength of the solution and completely vanish at 1.45 mM NaCl. Curiously, the authors were able to determine the heparin content of 1% serum samples containing the same level of electrolyte. In addition, the experimental conditions employed for heparin detection in serum samples were substantially modified, reducing the optical path length from 1 to 0.1 cm and increasing the dye concentration by an unknown measure. ThT shows a concentration-dependent tendency for aqueous aggregation, which markedly modifies its absorption and fluorescence properties. The authors have failed to verify that spectral characteristics of the ThT-heparin system observed in pure aqueous medium remain unchanged at higher dye concentrations and in the presence of serum components. Taking these issues into consideration, the heparin detection scheme offered for serum samples cannot be reproduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Zsila
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 286, Budapest H-1519, Hungary
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Cui H, Liu Q, McClements DJ, Li B, Liu S, Li Y. Development of Salt- and Gastric-Resistant Whey Protein Isolate Stabilized Emulsions in the Presence of Cinnamaldehyde and Application in Salad Dressing. Foods 2021; 10:1868. [PMID: 34441645 PMCID: PMC8394555 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-stabilized emulsions tend to be susceptible to droplet aggregation in the presence of high ionic strengths or when exposed to acidic gastric conditions due to a reduction of the electrostatic repulsion between the protein-coated droplets. Previously, we found that incorporating cinnamaldehyde into the oil phase improved the resistance of whey protein isolate (WPI)-stabilized emulsions against aggregation induced by NaCl, KCl and CaCl2. In the current study, we aimed to establish the impact of cinnamaldehyde on the tolerance of WPI-stabilized emulsions to high salt levels during food processing and to gastric conditions. In the absence of cinnamaldehyde, the addition of high levels of monovalent ions (NaCl and KCl) to WPI-emulsions cause appreciable droplet aggregation, with the particle sizes increasing from 150 nm to 413 nm and 906 nm in the presence of NaCl and KCl, respectively. In contrast, in the presence of 30% cinnamaldehyde in the oil phase, the WPI-emulsions remained stable to aggregation and the particle size of emulsions kept within 200 nm over a wide range of salt concentrations (0-2000 mM). Divalent counter-ions promoted droplet aggregation at lower concentrations (≤20 mM) than monovalent ones, which was attributed to ion-binding and ion-bridging effects, but the salt stability of the WPI emulsions was still improved after cinnamaldehyde addition. The incorporation of cinnamaldehyde into the oil phase also improved the resistance of the WPI-coated oil droplets to aggregation in simulated gastric fluids (pH 3.1-3.3). This study provides a novel way of improving the resistance of whey-protein-stabilized emulsions to aggregation at high ionic strengths or under gastric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.C.); (Q.L.); (B.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Qihang Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.C.); (Q.L.); (B.L.); (S.L.)
| | | | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.C.); (Q.L.); (B.L.); (S.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Functional Food Engineering &Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shilin Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.C.); (Q.L.); (B.L.); (S.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Functional Food Engineering &Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.C.); (Q.L.); (B.L.); (S.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Functional Food Engineering &Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
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Angle KJ, Neal EE, Grassian VH. Enhanced Rates of Transition-Metal-Ion-Catalyzed Oxidation of S(IV) in Aqueous Aerosols: Insights into Sulfate Aerosol Formation in the Atmosphere. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:10291-10299. [PMID: 34279914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of S(IV) is a critical step in the fate of sulfur dioxide emissions that determines the amount of sulfate aerosol in the atmosphere. Herein, we measured accelerated S(IV) oxidation rates in micron-sized aqueous aerosols compared to bulk solutions. We have investigated both buffered and unbuffered systems across a range of pH values in the presence of atmospherically relevant transition-metal ions and salts and consistently found the oxidation rate to be accelerated by ca. 1-2 orders of magnitude in the aerosol. This enhancement is greater than can be explained by the enrichment of species in the aerosol compared to the bulk and indicates that surface effects and potentially aerosol pH gradients play important roles in the S(IV) oxidation process in the aqueous aerosol. In addition, our experiments were performed with dissolved S(IV) ions (SO32-/HSO3-), allowing us to demonstrate that acceleration occurs in the condensed phase showing that enhanced sulfate formation is not exclusively due to gas-aerosol partitioning or interfacial SO2 oxidation. Our findings are an important step forward in understanding larger than expected sulfate concentrations observed in the atmosphere and show that inorganic oxidation processes can be accelerated in micron-sized aqueous droplets compared to the bulk solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Angle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Erin E Neal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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48
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Wu CC, Wang MR. Effects of Buffer Concentration on the Sensitivity of Silicon Nanobelt Field-Effect Transistor Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:4904. [PMID: 34300642 DOI: 10.3390/s21144904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a single-crystalline silicon nanobelt field-effect transistor (SiNB FET) device was developed and applied to pH and biomolecule sensing. The nanobelt was formed using a local oxidation of silicon technique, which is a self-aligned, self-shrinking process that reduces the cost of production. We demonstrated the effect of buffer concentration on the sensitivity and stability of the SiNB FET sensor by varying the buffer concentrations to detect solution pH and alpha fetoprotein (AFP). The SiNB FET sensor was used to detect a solution pH ranging from 6.4 to 7.4; the response current decreased stepwise as the pH value increased. The stability of the sensor was examined through cyclical detection under solutions with different pH; the results were stable and reliable. A buffer solution of varying concentrations was employed to inspect the sensing capability of the SiNB FET sensor device, with the results indicating that the sensitivity of the sensor was negatively dependent on the buffer concentration. For biomolecule sensing, AFP was sensed to test the sensitivity of the SiNB FET sensor. The effectiveness of surface functionalization affected the AFP sensing result, and the current shift was strongly dependent on the buffer concentration. The obtained results demonstrated that buffer concentration plays a crucial role in terms of the sensitivity and stability of the SiNB FET device in chemical and biomolecular sensing.
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49
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Vigata M, Meinert C, Bock N, Dargaville BL, Hutmacher DW. Deciphering the Molecular Mechanism of Water Interaction with Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels: Role of Ionic Strength, pH, Drug Loading and Hydrogel Network Characteristics. Biomedicines 2021; 9:574. [PMID: 34069533 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Water plays a primary role in the functionality of biomedical polymers such as hydrogels. The state of water, defined as bound, intermediate, or free, and its molecular organization within hydrogels is an important factor governing biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Here, we present a systematic study of water states in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels designed for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. We demonstrate that increasing ionic strength of the swelling media correlated with the proportion of non-freezable bound water. We attribute this to the capability of ions to create ion–dipole bonds with both the polymer and water, thereby reinforcing the first layer of polymer hydration. Both pH and ionic strength impacted the mesh size, having potential implications for drug delivery applications. The mechanical properties of GelMA hydrogels were largely unaffected by variations in ionic strength or pH. Loading of cefazolin, a small polar antibiotic molecule, led to a dose-dependent increase of non-freezable bound water, attributed to the drug’s capacity to form hydrogen bonds with water, which helped recruit water molecules in the hydrogels’ first hydration layer. This work enables a deeper understanding of water states and molecular arrangement at the hydrogel–polymer interface and how environmental cues influence them.
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50
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Mehrdel P, Khosravi H, Karimi S, Martínez JAL, Casals-Terré J. Flow Control in Porous Media: From Numerical Analysis to Quantitative μPAD for Ionic Strength Measurements. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:3328. [PMID: 34064828 DOI: 10.3390/s21103328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) are a promising technology to enable accurate and quantitative in situ assays. Paper’s inherent hydrophilicity drives the fluids without the need for external pressure sources. However, controlling the flow in the porous medium has remained a challenge. This study addresses this problem from the nature of the paper substrate and its design. A computational fluid dynamic model has been developed, which couples the characteristics of the porous media (fiber length, fiber diameter and porosity) to the fluidic performance of the diffusion-based µPAD sensor. The numerical results showed that for a given porous membrane, the diffusion, and therefore the sensor performance is affected not only by the substrate nature but also by the inlets’ orientation. Given a porous substrate, the optimum performance is achieved by the lowest inlets’ angle. A diffusion-based self-referencing colorimetric sensor was built and validated according to the design. The device is able to quantify the hydronium concentration in wines by comparison to 0.1–1.0 M tartaric acid solutions with a 41.3 mM limit of detection. This research showed that by proper adjustments even the simplest µPADs can be used in quantitative assays for agri-food applications.
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