1
|
Hua T, Zhang G, Yao Y, Jia H, Liu W. Research progress of megakaryocytes and platelets in lung injury. Ann Med 2024; 56:2362871. [PMID: 38902986 PMCID: PMC11195464 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2362871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The lung is an important site of extramedullary platelet formation, and megakaryocytes in the lung participate in immune responses in addition to platelet production. In acute lung injury and chronic lung injury, megakaryocytes and platelets play a promoting or protective role through different mechanisms. The authors reviewed the role of megakaryocytes and platelets in common clinical lung injuries with different course of disease and different pathogenic factors in order to provide new thinking for the diagnosis and treatment of lung injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhen Hua
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Guangliang Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Jia
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sawoo R, Bishayi B. TLR4/TNFR1 blockade suppresses STAT1/STAT3 expression and increases SOCS3 expression in modulation of LPS-induced macrophage responses. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152840. [PMID: 39126792 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to the urgent need to create appropriate treatment techniques, which are currently unavailable, LPS-induced sepsis has become a serious concern on a global scale. The primary active component in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases such as sepsis is the Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS interacts with cell surface TLR4 in macrophages, causing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), TNF-α, IL-1β and oxidative stress. It also significantly activates the MAPKs and NF-κB pathway. Excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is one of the primary characteristic features in the onset and progression of inflammation. Cytokines mainly signal through the JAK/STAT pathway. We hypothesize that blocking of TLR4 along with TNFR1 might be beneficial in suppressing the effects of STAT1/STAT3 due to the stimulation of SOCS3 proteins. Prior to the LPS challenge, the macrophages were treated with antibodies against TLR4 and TNFR1 either individually or in combination. On analysis of the macrophage populations by flowcytometry, it was seen that receptor blockade facilitated the phenotypic shift of the M1 macrophages towards M2 resulting in lowered oxidative stress. Blocking of TLR4/TNFR1 upregulated the SOCS3 and mTOR expressions that enabled the transition of inflammatory M1 macrophages towards the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, which might be crucial in curbing the inflammatory responses. Also the reduction in the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β due to the reduction in the activation of the STAT1 and STAT3 molecules was observed in our combination treatment group. All these results indicated that neutralization of both TLR4 and TNFR1 might provide new insights in establishing an alternative therapeutic strategy for LPS-sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritasha Sawoo
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu G, Yan L, Fang L, Fan C, Sun H, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Shi Z. Possible immune mechanisms of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence and development of immune thrombocytopenia. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1426911. [PMID: 39171254 PMCID: PMC11335631 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1426911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by increased platelet destruction and impaired production, leading to an elevated bleeding tendency. Recent studies have demonstrated an important link between the gut microbiota and the onset and progression of several immune diseases in humans, emphasizing that gut microbiota-derived metabolites play a non-negligible role in autoimmune diseases. The gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, oxidized trimethylamine, tryptophan metabolites, secondary bile acids and lipopolysaccharides, can alter intestinal barrier permeability by modulating immune cell differentiation and cytokine secretion, which in turn affects the systemic immune function of the host. It is therefore reasonable to hypothesize that ecological dysregulation of the gut microbiota may be an entirely new factor in the triggering of ITP. This article reviews the potential immune-related mechanisms of the gut microbiota and representative metabolites in ITP, as well as the important influence of leaky gut on the development of ITP, with a view to enriching the theoretical system of ITP-related gut microecology and providing new ideas for the study of ITP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gengda Zhu
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixiang Yan
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijun Fang
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, National Clinical Medical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenyang Fan
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinli Zhou
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yucheng Zhang
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhexin Shi
- National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun X, Xu S, Liu T, Wu J, Yang J, Gao XJ. Zinc supplementation alleviates oxidative stress to inhibit chronic gastritis via the ROS/NF-κB pathway in a mouse model. Food Funct 2024; 15:7136-7147. [PMID: 38887927 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element; it is involved in the regulation and maintenance of many physiological functions in organisms and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Chronic gastritis is closely associated with damage to the gastric mucosa, which is detrimental to the health of humans and animals. There are few studies on the effects of zinc on, for example, gastric mucosal damage, oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death in mice. Therefore, we established in vivo and in vitro models of inflammatory injury and investigated the effects of zinc supplementation in C57BL/6 mice and Ges-1 cells and examined the expression of factors associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death. In this study, the results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased after sodium salicylate exposure. Malondialdehyde levels increased, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase decreased, and the activity of glutathione decreased. The NF-κB signaling pathway was activated, the levels of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) increased, and the expression of cell death-related factors (Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase3, Caspase7, Caspase9, RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL) increased. Zinc supplementation attenuated the level of oxidative stress and reduced the level of inflammation and cell death. Our study indicated that sodium salicylate induced the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen species and activated the NF-κB pathway, leading to inflammatory damage and cell death in the mouse stomach. Zinc supplementation modulated the ROS/NF-κB pathway, reduced the level of oxidative stress, and attenuated inflammation and cell death in the mouse stomach and Ges-1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Shuang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Tianjing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Jiawei Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Xue-Jiao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moghaddam MM, Behzadi E, Sedighian H, Goleij Z, Kachuei R, Heiat M, Fooladi AAI. Regulation of immune responses to infection through interaction between stem cell-derived exosomes and toll-like receptors mediated by microRNA cargoes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1384420. [PMID: 38756232 PMCID: PMC11096519 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1384420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are among the factors that account for a significant proportion of disease-related deaths worldwide. The primary treatment approach to combat microbial infections is the use of antibiotics. However, the widespread use of these drugs over the past two decades has led to the emergence of resistant microbial species, making the control of microbial infections a serious challenge. One of the most important solutions in the field of combating infectious diseases is the regulation of the host's defense system. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the first primary defense against pathogens by identifying harmful endogenous molecules released from dying cells and damaged tissues as well as invading microbial agents. Therefore, they play an important role in communicating and regulating innate and adaptive immunity. Of course, excessive activation of TLRs can lead to disruption of immune homeostasis and increase the risk of inflammatory reactions. Targeting TLR signaling pathways has emerged as a new therapeutic approach for infectious diseases based on host-directed therapy (HDT). In recent years, stem cell-derived exosomes have received significant attention as factors regulating the immune system. The regulation effects of exosomes on the immune system are based on the HDT strategy, which is due to their cargoes. In general, the mechanism of action of stem cell-derived exosomes in HDT is by regulating and modulating immunity, promoting tissue regeneration, and reducing host toxicity. One of their most important cargoes is microRNAs, which have been shown to play a significant role in regulating immunity through TLRs. This review investigates the therapeutic properties of stem cell-derived exosomes in combating infections through the interaction between exosomal microRNAs and Toll-like receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Moosazadeh Moghaddam
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Behzadi
- The Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zoleikha Goleij
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Kachuei
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heiat
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu TJ, Yang J, Wu JW, Sun XR, Gao XJ. Polyethylene microplastics induced inflammation via the miR-21/IRAK4/NF-κB axis resulting to endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in muscle of carp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109375. [PMID: 38218424 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
As a widespread environmental pollutant, microplastics pose a great threat to the tissues and organs of aquatic animals. The carp's muscles are necessary for movement and survival. However, the mechanism of injury of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) to carp muscle remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, PE-MPs with the diameter of 8 μm and the concentration of 1000 ng/L were used to feed carp for 21 days, and polyethylene microplastic treatment groups was established. The results showed that PE-MPs could cause structural abnormalities and disarrangement of muscle fibers, and aggravate oxidative stress in muscles. Exposure to PE-MPs reduced microRNA (miR-21) in muscle tissue, negatively regulated Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase 4 (IRAK4), activated Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, induced inflammation, and led to endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. The present study provides different targets for the prevention of muscle injury induced by polyethylene microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Jing Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Sun
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Gao
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Golmakani H, Azimian A, Golmakani E. Newly discovered functions of miRNAs in neuropathic pain: Transitioning from recent discoveries to innovative underlying mechanisms. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069231225845. [PMID: 38148597 PMCID: PMC10851769 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231225845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a widespread clinical issue caused by somatosensory nervous system damage, affecting numerous individuals. It poses considerable economic and public health challenges, and managing it can be challenging due to unclear underlying mechanisms. Nevertheless, emerging evidence suggests that neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation play a role in developing pain patterns. Emerging evidence suggests that neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation play significant roles in developing neuropathic pain within the nervous system. Increased/decreased miRNA expression patterns could affect the progression of neuropathic and inflammatory pain by controlling nerve regeneration, neuroinflammation, and the expression of abnormal ion channels. However, our limited knowledge of miRNA targets hinders a complete grasp of miRNA's functions. Meanwhile, exploring exosomal miRNA, a recently uncovered role, has significantly advanced our comprehension of neuropathic pain's pathophysiology in recent times. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest miRNA studies and explore the possible ways miRNAs might play a role in the development of neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Golmakani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Azimian
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Golmakani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Walulik A, Łysak K, Błaszkiewicz M, Górecki I, Gomułka K. The Role of Neutrophils in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: The Pathogenic Role and Diagnostic Utility of Autoantibodies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17217. [PMID: 38139045 PMCID: PMC10743134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have brought progress in understanding the role of the neutrophil, dispelling the dogma of homogeneous cells mainly involved in the prime defence against pathogens, shedding light on their pathogenic role in inflammatory diseases and on the importance of antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies' pathogenic role in ANCA-associated vasculitides vasculitis (AAV). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3) expressed in neutrophil granulocytes are the most common targets for ANCAs and contribute to the formation of MPO-ANCAs and PR3-ANCAs which, released to the bloodstream, become an excellent diagnostic tool for AAV. In this study, we focus on increasing the clinical and experimental evidence that supports the pathogenic role of ANCAs in AAV. Additionally, we discuss the diagnostic utility of ANCAs for disease activity and prognosis in AAV. Understanding the central role of ANCAs in AAV is crucial for advancing our knowledge of these complex disorders and developing targeted therapeutic strategies in the era of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Walulik
- Student Scientific Group of Adult Allergology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.G.)
| | - Kinga Łysak
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Michał Błaszkiewicz
- Student Scientific Group of Adult Allergology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.G.)
| | - Ignacy Górecki
- Student Scientific Group of Adult Allergology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (I.G.)
| | - Krzysztof Gomułka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ren H, Liu W, Niu A, Zhao X. Fibrinogen to albumin ratio, a novel serum indicator for evaluating the severity of preeclampsia: A single-center retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33419. [PMID: 37000100 PMCID: PMC10063261 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a disorder that affects approximately 5% to 10% of pregnant women. Timely and accurate identification of PE and assessment of its severity are crucial. Therefore, it is necessary to develop predictive indicators which are easily measured in routine antenatal examinations to enable the early detection of PE and assess its severity. We designed a single-center retrospective study in our daily work to assess whether the serum levels of fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR), fibrinogen (Fib), albumin (ALB), prothrombin time, calcium (Ca), activated partial thrombin time, creatinine (Cr), D-dimer(D-D), platelet, white blood cell, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts could help in assessing PE and evaluating its severity. Our findings showed that the serum levels of FAR, Cr, Fib, and D-D were significantly higher in the severe preeclampsia group (sPE) compared with the control and mild preeclampsia groups, whereas the levels of ALB and Ca were significantly lower in sPE patients. In addition, no differences were found between the control and PE groups in terms of prothrombin time, activated partial thrombin time, platelet, white blood cell, neutrophils, and lymphocytes counts. Furthermore, FAR is a novel and better indicator for evaluating the severity of PE, which has not been reported before. And it is an independent risk factor for the development of sPE. In conclusion, the serum levels of FAR, Cr, D-D and Fib were positively correlated with PE, whereas ALB and Ca were negatively correlated with PE severity, which might be valuable in evaluating the severity of PE. FAR proved to be a feasible diagnostic marker for sPE with sensitivity and specificity comparable to those of ALB and Fib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Armed Police Corps Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aijun Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao YY, Wu ZJ, Zhu LJ, Niu TX, Liu B, Li J. Emerging roles of miRNAs in neuropathic pain: From new findings to novel mechanisms. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1110975. [PMID: 36873108 PMCID: PMC9981676 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, which results from damage to the somatosensory nervous system, is a global clinical condition that affects many people. Neuropathic pain imposes significant economic and public health burdens and is often difficult to manage because the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. However, mounting evidence indicates a role for neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in pain pattern development. There is increasing evidence that the activation of neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in the nervous system contribute to neuropathic pain. Altered miRNA expression profiles might be involved in the pathogenesis of both inflammatory and neuropathic pain by regulating neuroinflammation, nerve regeneration, and abnormal ion channel expression. However, the lack of knowledge about miRNA target genes prevents a full understanding of the biological functions of miRNAs. At the same time, an extensive study on exosomal miRNA, a newly discovered role, has advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain in recent years. This section provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of miRNA research and discusses the potential mechanisms of miRNAs in neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Jun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong-Xiang Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Center for Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|