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Fiorani F, Mandarano M, Cataldi S, Mirarchi A, Bruscoli S, Ragonese F, Fioretti B, Kobayashi T, Tomishige N, Beccari T, Floridi C, Arcuri C, Albi E. High Dose C6 Ceramide-Induced Response in Embryonic Hippocampal Cells. Biomolecules 2025; 15:430. [PMID: 40149966 PMCID: PMC11940168 DOI: 10.3390/biom15030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Revised: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 03/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Ceramide is a critical molecule in both the physiology and pathology of the central nervous system. The most studied aspect is its effect on embryonic/stem cells. A salient question is whether low doses of ceramide induce neuronal differentiation without interfering with sphingolipid metabolism and whether high doses can be used in glioblastoma for their cytotoxic effect. Here, we examined the effect of a high dose of ceramide (13 µM) on HN9.10e cells. Interestingly, 13 µM ceramide induced an immediate increase in cell viability, followed by an increase in the number of mitochondria. Microscopic and morphometric analysis revealed a decrease in the number of differentiated cells with 13 µM compared to 0.1 µM but with longer neurites. Furthermore, the lipidomic study demonstrated an increase in the formation of medium-long-chain ceramide and sphingomyelin species and sphingosine 1 phosphate. Sphingolipid modification correlated with SMPD3, ASAH2, and SPHK2 gene expression coding for neutral sphingomyenase 2, ceramidase 2, and sphingosine kinase 2, respectively. Overall, our data show that the variety of responses to ceramide of the same cell type is dependent on the concentration used. Low doses do not affect sphingolipid metabolism, and high doses do so with a different cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Fiorani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.F.); (S.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Martina Mandarano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (S.B.); (C.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.F.); (S.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Alessandra Mirarchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (S.B.); (C.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Stefano Bruscoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (S.B.); (C.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Francesco Ragonese
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.R.); (B.F.)
| | - Bernard Fioretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.R.); (B.F.)
| | - Toshihide Kobayashi
- UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch, France; (T.K.); (N.T.)
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nario Tomishige
- UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch, France; (T.K.); (N.T.)
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.F.); (S.C.); (T.B.)
| | - Claudia Floridi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (S.B.); (C.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Cataldo Arcuri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (S.B.); (C.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.F.); (S.C.); (T.B.)
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Jamecna D, Höglinger D. The use of click chemistry in sphingolipid research. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261388. [PMID: 38488070 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid dysregulation is involved in a range of rare and fatal diseases as well as common pathologies including cancer, infectious diseases or neurodegeneration. Gaining insights into how sphingolipids are involved in these diseases would contribute much to our understanding of human physiology, as well as the pathology mechanisms. However, scientific progress is hampered by a lack of suitable tools that can be used in intact systems. To overcome this, efforts have turned to engineering modified lipids with small clickable tags and to harnessing the power of click chemistry to localize and follow these minimally modified lipid probes in cells. We hope to inspire the readers of this Review to consider applying existing click chemistry tools for their own aspects of sphingolipid research. To this end, we focus here on different biological applications of clickable lipids, mainly to follow metabolic conversions, their visualization by confocal or superresolution microscopy or the identification of their protein interaction partners. Finally, we describe recent approaches employing organelle-targeted and clickable lipid probes to accurately follow intracellular sphingolipid transport with organellar precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Jamecna
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Doris Höglinger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
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