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Rehman M, Pan J, Mubeen S, Ma W, Luo D, Cao S, Saeed W, Jin G, Li R, Chen T, Chen P. Morpho-physio-biochemical, molecular, and phytoremedial responses of plants to red, blue, and green light: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20772-20791. [PMID: 38393568 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Light is a basic requirement to drive carbon metabolism in plants and supports life on earth. Spectral quality greatly affects plant morphology, physiology, and metabolism of various biochemical pathways. Among visible light spectrum, red, blue, and green light wavelengths affect several mechanisms to contribute in plant growth and productivity. In addition, supplementation of red, blue, or green light with other wavelengths showed vivid effects on the plant biology. However, response of plants differs in different species and growing conditions. This review article provides a detailed view and interpretation of existing knowledge and clarifies underlying mechanisms that how red, blue, and green light spectra affect plant morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular parameters to make a significant contribution towards improved crop production, fruit quality, disease control, phytoremediation potential, and resource use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammal Rehman
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiao Pan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Samavia Mubeen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenyue Ma
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Dengjie Luo
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Shan Cao
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wajid Saeed
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Ru Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety; Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Liu X, Tian Z, Cai L, Shen Z, Michaud JP, Zhu L, Yan S, Ros VID, Hoover K, Li Z, Zhang S, Liu X. Baculoviruses hijack the visual perception of their caterpillar hosts to induce climbing behavior, thus promoting virus dispersal. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:2752-2765. [PMID: 35258140 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Baculoviruses can induce climbing behavior in their caterpillar hosts to ensure they die at elevated positions to enhance virus transmission, providing an excellent model to study parasitic manipulation of host behavior. Here, we demonstrate that climbing behavior occurred mostly during daylight hours, and that the height at death of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV)-infected larvae increases with the height of the light source. Phototaxic and electroretinogram (ERG) responses were enhanced after HearNPV-infection in host larvae, and ablation of stemmata in infected larvae prevented both phototaxis and climbing behavior. Through transcriptome and quantitative PCR, we confirmed that two opsin genes (a blue light-sensitive gene, HaBL; and a long wave-sensitive gene, HaLW) as well as the TRPL (transient receptor potential-like channel protein) gene, all integral to the host's visual perception pathway, were significantly up-regulated after HearNPV infection. Knockout of HaBL, HaLW, or TRPL genes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in significantly reduced ERG responses, phototaxis, and climbing behavior in HearNPV-infected larvae. These results reveal that HearNPV alters the expression of specific genes to hijack host visual perception at fundamental levels - photoreception and phototransduction - in order to induce climbing behavior in host larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Cai
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjian Shen
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - J P Michaud
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Station-Hays, Hays, KS, 67601, USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Vera I D Ros
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kelli Hoover
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Songdou Zhang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
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Kokusho R, Katsuma S. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus ptp and egt genes are dispensable for triggering enhanced locomotory activity and climbing behavior in Bombyx mandarina larvae. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 183:107604. [PMID: 33971220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Baculoviruses are classic pathogens that alter host behavior to enhance their dispersal and transmission. While viral protein tyrosine phosphatase (ptp) has been considered as a critical factor for inducing enhanced locomotory activity, preceding investigations have reported that viral ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase (egt) contributes to triggering climbing behavior in some virus and host species. Here we found that both egt and ptp were dispensable for these abnormal behaviors in Bombyx mandarina larvae induced by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus, thus implying that there is an unknown core mechanism of baculovirus-induced alteration of host behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Kokusho
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Division of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Susumu Katsuma
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Gasque SN, van Oers MM, Ros VI. Where the baculoviruses lead, the caterpillars follow: baculovirus-induced alterations in caterpillar behaviour. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 33:30-36. [PMID: 31358192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Baculoviruses are well-known for altering the behaviour of their caterpillar hosts by inducing hyperactivity (enhanced locomotion) and/or tree-top disease (climbing to elevated positions before death). These features, along with the genomic small size of baculoviruses compared to non-viral parasites and the at hand techniques for producing mutants, imply that baculoviruses are excellent tools for unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying parasitic alteration of host behaviour. Baculoviruses can be easily mutated, allowing an optimal experimental setup in comparative studies, where for instance host gene expression can be compared between insects infected with wild-type viruses or with mutant viruses lacking genes involved in behavioural manipulation. Recent studies have revealed the first insight into the underlying molecular pathways that lead to the typical behaviour of baculovirus-infected caterpillars and into the role of light therein. Since host behaviour in general is mediated through the host's central nervous system (CNS), a promising future step will be to study how baculoviruses regulate the neuronal activity of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone N Gasque
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M van Oers
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vera Id Ros
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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