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Wang Y, Wang X, Bi M, Mou P, Zhang R, Zhang C, Li S, Jiang M, Mi L, Li Z. Patterns and characteristics of visits to psychiatric emergency departments: a three-year data study in China. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01881-1. [PMID: 39217591 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The composition and characteristics of emergency patients in the Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University during 2020-2022 were retrospectively analyzed to provide data support for the optimization of the process of psychiatric emergency and the elastic allocation of emergency medical staff. This study collected data from patients who sought medical attention at the emergency department of the Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. The fundamental information of these patients was statistically analyzed using descriptive analytic methods. In addition, a comprehensive statistical analysis was performed on the data of patient visits, which included precise triage time points, months, and seasons, in order to evaluate the temporal distribution of patient visits. The patient population had an average age of 36.4 years and was slightly more female (54.08%). The mean age of the male and female patients was 36.4 ± 18.91 and 36.4 ± 16.80 years, respectively. There was no statistically significant age difference between the male and female patients (p > 0.05). The top five diseases were mental disorder (6,483 cases), bipolar disorder (3,017 cases), depressive episode (2522 cases), schizophrenia (1778 cases) and anxiety state (1097 cases), accounting for 35.63%, 16.58%, 13.86%, 9.77% and 6.03% of the total, respectively. Additionally, a notable record of psychiatric drug intoxication was noted. Significant comorbidity with physical disorders, such as hypertension (9.36%), hypokalemia (3.41%), diabetes (2.83%), and cerebral infarction (2.79%), was also seen. The results of seasonal and monthly analysis indicated that emergency attendance patterns fluctuated, peaking in the spring and fall. The patterns of daily visits also revealed two peak times. The first peak occurs from 8:00 to 10:00, and the second peak occurs from 14:00 to 16:00. This study emphasizes the increasing occurrence of mental problems in psychiatric crises, particularly among younger populations, underscoring the necessity for comprehensive care methods. Specialized treatment methods and collaborative networks are required to address the substantial prevalence of psychiatric medication poisoning. Efficient allocation of resources and heightened security protocols are vital in emergency departments, particularly during periods of high demand and in handling instances of patient hostility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youping Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Xida Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Mingfeng Bi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Penglin Mou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Shuyun Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Miaoling Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Key Specialty, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Lin Mi
- Department of Nutritional and Metabolic Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Mingxin Road #36, Liwan District,, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Nutritional and Metabolic Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Mingxin Road #36, Liwan District,, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China.
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Gouse BM, Oblath R, Gibbs JS, Reagan EG, Brown HE. COVID-19 pandemic and emergency department visits for psychosis: Visit volume, restraint use, medication use, psychiatric hospitalization, and length of stay. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:301-307. [PMID: 38603838 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder were at heightened risk for interruptions in psychiatric care during the coronavirus-19 (COVID 19) pandemic. There is limited work exploring the pandemic's impact on emergency department (ED) visit volume, use of restraint and parenteral medications, inpatient psychiatric (IP) hospitalization, and ED length of stay (LOS) among this population. METHODS We retrospectively examined 2134 ED visits with a billing code for psychosis between March 1, 2019-February 28, 2021. We used Poisson regression analysis to compare ED visit volume between the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Restraint use, parenteral antipsychotic or benzodiazepine use, IP hospitalization, and ED LOS were compared between the two periods using chi-square tests and independent samples t-tests. RESULTS Overall volume of psychosis-related ED visits during the pandemic did not differ significantly from the prior year. Rates of restraint use (16.2 % vs 11.6 %, p < .01), parenteral antipsychotic (22.6 % vs 14.9, p < .001), and parenteral benzodiazepine (22.3 % vs 16.3 %, p < .001) use were significantly higher during the pandemic. Fewer patients had an IP hospital disposition during the pandemic than the year prior (57.8 % vs. 61.9 %, p < .05). ED LOS was longer during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic (28.37 h vs 20.26 h, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Although the volume of psychosis-related ED visits remained constant, restraint and parenteral medication use rates were significantly higher during the pandemic. ED LOS increased but fewer ED visits resulted in IP hospitalization. These findings underscore the importance of planning for increased acuity of psychosis ED presentations during public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Gouse
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston 02118, USA; Wellness and Recovery After Psychosis Research Program, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Rachel Oblath
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston 02118, USA
| | - Jada S Gibbs
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ellen G Reagan
- Wellness and Recovery After Psychosis Research Program, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Hannah E Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston 02118, USA; Wellness and Recovery After Psychosis Research Program, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Jung KY, Kim T, Ro YS. Epidemiology of suicide attempts and self-harm in emergency departments: a report from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) of Korea, 2018-2022. Clin Exp Emerg Med 2023; 10:S69-S74. [PMID: 37967866 PMCID: PMC10662519 DOI: 10.15441/ceem.23.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Yul Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taehui Kim
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Ro
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Yoo HH, Ro YS, Ko E, Lee JH, Han SH, Kim T, Shin TG, Kim S, Chang H. Epidemiologic trends of patients who visited nationwide emergency departments: a report from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) of Korea, 2018-2022. Clin Exp Emerg Med 2023; 10:S1-S12. [PMID: 37967858 PMCID: PMC10662522 DOI: 10.15441/ceem.23.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE : This study analyzed trends in emergency department (ED) visits in South Korea using the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) data from 2018 to 2022. METHODS : This was a retrospective observational study using data from the NEDIS database from 2018 to 2022. Age- and sex-standardized ED visits per 100,000 population, as well as age- and sex-standardized rates for mortality, admission, and transfer, were calculated. RESULTS : The standardized ED visits per 100,000 population was approximately 20,000 from 2018 to 2019 and decreased to about 18,000 in 2022. The standardized mortality rate ranged from 1.4% to 1.7%. The admission rate (18.4%-19.4%) and the transfer rates (1.6%-1.8%) were similar during the study period. Approximately 5.5% of patients were triaged as Korean Triage and Acuity Scale score 1 or 2. About 91% of patients visited the ED directly and 21.7% of patients visited the ED with an ambulance. The ED length of stay was less than 6 hours in 90.3% of patients and the ED mortality rate was 0.6%. Acute gastroenteritis was the most common diagnosis. Respiratory virus symptoms, such as fever and sore throat, were also common chief complaints. CONCLUSION : ED visits decreased during the 5-year period, while admission, transfer, and death rates remained relatively stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ho Yoo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Ro
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunsil Ko
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Lee
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-hyun Han
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taerim Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Gun Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongjung Kim
- National Emergency Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hansol Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Bae W, Choi A, Byun S, Kim K, Kim S. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Children Visiting Emergency Department for Mental Illness: A Multicenter Database Analysis from Korea. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9081208. [PMID: 36010099 PMCID: PMC9406735 DOI: 10.3390/children9081208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to identify changes in the proportion of pediatric emergency department (PED) visits due to mental illness during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This was a retrospective observational study of visits to the PED at six university hospitals from January 2017 to December 2020. We included children aged 5−17 years who were diagnosed with a mental illness. We used segmented regression analysis to identify the change in the proportion of patients with mental illness. A total of 845 patients were included in the analysis. After the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Korea, the number of PED visits significantly decreased by 560.8 patients per week (95% confidence interval (CI): −665.3 to −456.3, p < 0.001). However, the proportion of patients with mental illness increased significantly, by 0.37% per week (95% CI: 0.04% to 0.70%, p = 0.03), at this time point. Subgroup analyses revealed that emotional disorders significantly increased by 0.06% per month (95% CI: 0.02% to 0.09%, p < 0.001) during the pandemic. Our study revealed that an increased proportion of patients with mental illness visited the PED during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we identified that the proportion of emotional disorders continues to rise during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woori Bae
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Arum Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Seonjeong Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 271, Cheonbo-Ro, Uijeongbu-si 11765, Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 13620, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-8320-0131
| | - Sukil Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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Choi HG, Kang HS, Lim H, Kim JH, Kim JH, Cho SJ, Nam ES, Min KW, Park HY, Kim NY, Kwon MJ. Changes in the Incidence Rates of Gastrointestinal Diseases Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea: A Long-Term Perspective. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1144. [PMID: 35887641 PMCID: PMC9318651 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in conjunction with public health measures, influenced the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases according to age and sex during the pandemic. Changes in the monthly incidence rates (January 2018 to June 2021) of common gastrointestinal diseases were assessed using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service by comparing the data of two periods: before COVID-19 (January 2018-February 2020) and during COVID-19 (March 2020-June 2021). The Mann-Whitney U test and Levene's test were used to compare the differences in the incidences before and during the pandemic. In the pandemic period, compared to in the pre-COVID-19 period, the incidence rates of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, cholelithiasis, and esophageal reflux significantly increased, whereas those of infective enteritis and irritable bowel syndrome decreased, regardless of age or sex. There were no significant changes in the incidence rates of pancreatitis, acute appendicitis, liver cirrhosis, and hemorrhoids. No seasonal variations in gastrointestinal disease occurrence were observed. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic may have had unprecedented and long-term impacts on the epidemiology of gastrointestinal disease. These changes may indicate a substantial future burden on healthcare resources during the recovery phase of the pandemic and thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Ho Suk Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (H.S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Hyun Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (H.S.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, Korea; (S.-J.C.); (E.S.N.)
| | - Eun Sook Nam
- Department of Pathology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, Korea; (S.-J.C.); (E.S.N.)
| | - Kyueng-Whan Min
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri 11923, Korea;
| | - Ha Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea;
| | - Nan Young Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Mi Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea
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Di Lorenzo R, Pinelli M, Bertani D, Cutino A, Dragone D, Elia C, Farina R, Fiore G, Luisi F, Panico S, Valeo L, Rovesti S, Ferri P. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychiatric Emergencies in Two Different Settings: Emergency Room and Community Mental Health Service. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:894939. [PMID: 35693974 PMCID: PMC9178082 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.894939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused a public health emergency with profound consequences on physical and mental health of individuals. Emergency Rooms (ER) and Community Mental Health Services (CMHS) played a key role in the management of psychiatric emergencies during the pandemic. The purpose of the study was to evaluate urgent psychiatric consultations (UPCs) in the ERs of the General Hospitals and in the CMHS of a Northern Italian town during the pandemic period. Methods This monocentric observational study collected UPCs carried out in ER from 01/03/2020 to 28/02/2021 (the so called "COVID-19 period") and the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who required UPCs in the 12-months period, comparing these data with those collected from 01/03/2019 to 29/02/2020 (the so called "pre-COVID-19 period"). The same variables were collected for UPCs carried out in CMHS from 01/03/2020 to 31/01/2021 and compared with those collected from 01/03/2019 to 31/01/2020. The data, were statistically analyzed through STATA 12-2011. Results In ER, we reported a 24% reduction in UPCs during the COVID-19 period (n = 909) in comparison with the pre-COVID-19 period (n = 1,194). Differently, we observed an increase of 4% in UPCs carried out in CMHS during the COVID-19 period (n = 1,214) in comparison with the previous period (n = 1,162). We observed an increase of UPCs in ER required by people who lived in psychiatric facilities or with disability pension whereas more UPCs in CMHS were required by older people or those living in other institutions compared to the previous period. In the COVID-19 period, the most frequent reasons for UPCs in ER were aggressiveness, socio-environmental maladjustment and psychiatric symptoms in organic disorders whereas in CMHS we reported an increase of UPCs for control of psychopharmacology therapy and mixed state/mania. Conclusion In light of our findings, we conclude that the most vulnerable people required more frequent attention and care in both ER and CMHS during pandemic, which disrupted individuals' ability to adapt and induced many stressful reactive symptoms. In order to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, psychological support interventions for the general population should be implemented, having particular regard for more psychologically fragile people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Di Lorenzo
- Service of Psychiatric Diagnosis and Care, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Margherita Pinelli
- Community Mental Health Service, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, AUSL Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Davide Bertani
- School of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Cutino
- School of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Diego Dragone
- School of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Claudia Elia
- School of Nursing, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Farina
- School of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Fiore
- School of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippa Luisi
- School of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sofia Panico
- School of Nursing, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Valeo
- School of Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sergio Rovesti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Ferri
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Kim SY, Lee NE, Yoo DM, Kim JH, Kwon MJ, Kim JH, Bang WJ, Choi HG. Changes in the Mean of Medical Visits Due to Psychiatric Disease in Korean Children and Adolescents before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040600. [PMID: 35455091 PMCID: PMC9025358 DOI: 10.3390/life12040600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been suggested to have adverse impacts on psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to investigate the changes in medical visits due to a wide range of psychiatric disorders in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The medical visits of all Korean children and adolescents (0−19 years old) due to the 12 following psychiatric disorders were investigated: autism; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); depressive disorder; bipolar disorder; primary insomnia; schizophrenia; panic disorder; hypochondriasis; posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); anxiety disorder; anorexia nervosa; and adephagia. The mean medical visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were compared. The mean number of clinical visits due to autism, ADHD, depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, hypochondriasis, PTSD, anxiety disorder, and anorexia nervosa was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than before the COVID-19 pandemic (all p < 0.05). The higher mean number of medical visits due to psychiatric disorders was maintained in age and sex subgroups. The female and adolescent groups demonstrated a higher mean number of medical visits due to psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. The medical visits due to many psychiatric disorders were higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than before COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Korea. Women and adolescents were more susceptible to psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Korea;
| | - Na-Eun Lee
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (N.-E.L.); (D.M.Y.)
| | - Dae Myoung Yoo
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (N.-E.L.); (D.M.Y.)
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Mi Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Bang
- Department of Urology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (N.-E.L.); (D.M.Y.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea
- Correspondence:
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