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Akter M, Cui H, Hosain MA, Liu J, Duan Y, Ding B. RANBP17 Overexpression Restores Nucleocytoplasmic Transport and Ameliorates Neurodevelopment in Induced DYT1 Dystonia Motor Neurons. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1728232024. [PMID: 38438257 PMCID: PMC11007476 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1728-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
DYT1 dystonia is a debilitating neurological movement disorder, and it represents the most frequent and severe form of hereditary primary dystonia. There is currently no cure for this disease due to its unclear pathogenesis. In our previous study utilizing patient-specific motor neurons (MNs), we identified distinct cellular deficits associated with the disease, including a deformed nucleus, disrupted neurodevelopment, and compromised nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) functions. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these cellular impairments have remained elusive. In this study, we revealed the genome-wide changes in gene expression in DYT1 MNs through transcriptomic analysis. We found that those dysregulated genes are intricately involved in neurodevelopment and various biological processes. Interestingly, we identified that the expression level of RANBP17, a RAN-binding protein crucial for NCT regulation, exhibited a significant reduction in DYT1 MNs. By manipulating RANBP17 expression, we further demonstrated that RANBP17 plays an important role in facilitating the nuclear transport of both protein and transcript cargos in induced human neurons. Excitingly, the overexpression of RANBP17 emerged as a substantial mitigating factor, effectively restoring impaired NCT activity and rescuing neurodevelopmental deficits observed in DYT1 MNs. These findings shed light on the intricate molecular underpinnings of impaired NCT in DYT1 neurons and provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of DYT1 dystonia, potentially leading to the development of innovative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuma Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932
| | - Haochen Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932
| | - Md Abir Hosain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932
| | - Jinmei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932
| | - Yuntian Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932
| | - Baojin Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932
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2
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di Biase L. Clinical Management of Movement Disorders. J Clin Med 2023; 13:43. [PMID: 38202050 PMCID: PMC10779840 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Movement disorders include a wide and heterogeneous variety of signs and syndromes, which are classified as hyperkinetic [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazzaro di Biase
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
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3
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Gill JS, Nguyen MX, Hull M, van der Heijden ME, Nguyen K, Thomas SP, Sillitoe RV. Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias. DYSTONIA 2023; 2:11805. [PMID: 38273865 PMCID: PMC10810232 DOI: 10.3389/dyst.2023.11805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Dystonia is a highly prevalent movement disorder that can manifest at any time across the lifespan. An increasing number of investigations have tied this disorder to dysfunction of a broad "dystonia network" encompassing the cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, and cortex. However, pinpointing how dysfunction of the various anatomic components of the network produces the wide variety of dystonia presentations across etiologies remains a difficult problem. In this review, a discussion of functional network findings in non-mendelian etiologies of dystonia is undertaken. Initially acquired etiologies of dystonia and how lesion location leads to alterations in network function are explored, first through an examination of cerebral palsy, in which early brain injury may lead to dystonic/dyskinetic forms of the movement disorder. The discussion of acquired etiologies then continues with an evaluation of the literature covering dystonia resulting from focal lesions followed by the isolated focal dystonias, both idiopathic and task dependent. Next, how the dystonia network responds to therapeutic interventions, from the "geste antagoniste" or "sensory trick" to botulinum toxin and deep brain stimulation, is covered with an eye towards finding similarities in network responses with effective treatment. Finally, an examination of how focal network disruptions in mouse models has informed our understanding of the circuits involved in dystonia is provided. Together, this article aims to offer a synthesis of the literature examining dystonia from the perspective of brain networks and it provides grounding for the perspective of dystonia as disorder of network function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Gill
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Megan X. Nguyen
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mariam Hull
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Meike E. van der Heijden
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United State
| | - Ken Nguyen
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United State
| | - Sruthi P. Thomas
- H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roy V. Sillitoe
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United State
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Development, Disease Models and Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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4
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di Biase L, Pecoraro PM, Carbone SP, Caminiti ML, Di Lazzaro V. Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson's Disease: An Overview on Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, Therapy Management Strategies and Future Directions. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4427. [PMID: 37445461 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its first introduction, levodopa has become the cornerstone for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and remains the leading therapeutic choice for motor control therapy so far. Unfortunately, the subsequent appearance of abnormal involuntary movements, known as dyskinesias, is a frequent drawback. Despite the deep knowledge of this complication, in terms of clinical phenomenology and the temporal relationship during a levodopa regimen, less is clear about the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning it. As the disease progresses, specific oscillatory activities of both motor cortical and basal ganglia neurons and variation in levodopa metabolism, in terms of the dopamine receptor stimulation pattern and turnover rate, underlie dyskinesia onset. This review aims to provide a global overview on levodopa-induced dyskinesias, focusing on pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, therapy management strategies and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazzaro di Biase
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Brain Innovations Lab, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maria Pecoraro
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Paola Carbone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Caminiti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology and Psichiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
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5
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Hier DB, Yelugam R, Carrithers MD, Wunsch DC. The visualization of Orphadata neurology phenotypes. Front Digit Health 2023; 5:1064936. [PMID: 36778102 PMCID: PMC9911440 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1064936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease phenotypes are characterized by signs (what a physician observes during the examination of a patient) and symptoms (the complaints of a patient to a physician). Large repositories of disease phenotypes are accessible through the Online Mendelian Inheritance of Man, Human Phenotype Ontology, and Orphadata initiatives. Many of the diseases in these datasets are neurologic. For each repository, the phenotype of neurologic disease is represented as a list of concepts of variable length where the concepts are selected from a restricted ontology. Visualizations of these concept lists are not provided. We address this limitation by using subsumption to reduce the number of descriptive features from 2,946 classes into thirty superclasses. Phenotype feature lists of variable lengths were converted into fixed-length vectors. Phenotype vectors were aggregated into matrices and visualized as heat maps that allowed side-by-side disease comparisons. Individual diseases (representing a row in the matrix) were visualized as word clouds. We illustrate the utility of this approach by visualizing the neuro-phenotypes of 32 dystonic diseases from Orphadata. Subsumption can collapse phenotype features into superclasses, phenotype lists can be vectorized, and phenotypes vectors can be visualized as heat maps and word clouds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Hier
- Applied Computational Intelligence Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, MO, United States.,Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Raghu Yelugam
- Applied Computational Intelligence Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
| | - Michael D Carrithers
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Donald C Wunsch
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Liver Diseases Branch, Bethesda, MD, United States
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6
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El Atiallah I, Bonsi P, Tassone A, Martella G, Biella G, Castagno AN, Pisani A, Ponterio G. Synaptic Dysfunction in Dystonia: Update From Experimental Models. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2310-2322. [PMID: 37464831 PMCID: PMC10556390 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230718100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystonia, the third most common movement disorder, refers to a heterogeneous group of neurological diseases characterized by involuntary, sustained or intermittent muscle contractions resulting in repetitive twisting movements and abnormal postures. In the last few years, several studies on animal models helped expand our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying dystonia. These findings have reinforced the notion that the synaptic alterations found mainly in the basal ganglia and cerebellum, including the abnormal neurotransmitters signalling, receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity, are a common hallmark of different forms of dystonia. In this review, we focus on the major contribution provided by rodent models of DYT-TOR1A, DYT-THAP1, DYT-GNAL, DYT/ PARK-GCH1, DYT/PARK-TH and DYT-SGCE dystonia, which reveal that an abnormal motor network and synaptic dysfunction represent key elements in the pathophysiology of dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham El Atiallah
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bonsi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tassone
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Biella
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio N. Castagno
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Ponterio
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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di Biase L, Pecoraro PM, Pecoraro G, Caminiti ML, Di Lazzaro V. Markerless Radio Frequency Indoor Monitoring for Telemedicine: Gait Analysis, Indoor Positioning, Fall Detection, Tremor Analysis, Vital Signs and Sleep Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8486. [PMID: 36366187 PMCID: PMC9656920 DOI: 10.3390/s22218486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative indoor monitoring, in a low-invasive and accurate way, is still an unmet need in clinical practice. Indoor environments are more challenging than outdoor environments, and are where patients experience difficulty in performing activities of daily living (ADLs). In line with the recent trends of telemedicine, there is an ongoing positive impulse in moving medical assistance and management from hospitals to home settings. Different technologies have been proposed for indoor monitoring over the past decades, with different degrees of invasiveness, complexity, and capabilities in full-body monitoring. The major classes of devices proposed are inertial-based sensors (IMU), vision-based devices, and geomagnetic and radiofrequency (RF) based sensors. In recent years, among all available technologies, there has been an increasing interest in using RF-based technology because it can provide a more accurate and reliable method of tracking patients' movements compared to other methods, such as camera-based systems or wearable sensors. Indeed, RF technology compared to the other two techniques has higher compliance, low energy consumption, does not need to be worn, is less susceptible to noise, is not affected by lighting or other physical obstacles, has a high temporal resolution without a limited angle of view, and fewer privacy issues. The aim of the present narrative review was to describe the potential applications of RF-based indoor monitoring techniques and highlight their differences compared to other monitoring technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazzaro di Biase
- Research Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Brain Innovations Lab, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maria Pecoraro
- Research Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pecoraro
- Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Caminiti
- Research Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Research Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
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di Biase L, Di Santo A, Caminiti ML, Pecoraro PM, Carbone SP, Di Lazzaro V. Dystonia Diagnosis: Clinical Neurophysiology and Genetics. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144184. [PMID: 35887948 PMCID: PMC9320296 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystonia diagnosis is based on clinical examination performed by a neurologist with expertise in movement disorders. Clues that indicate the diagnosis of a movement disorder such as dystonia are dystonic movements, dystonic postures, and three additional physical signs (mirror dystonia, overflow dystonia, and geste antagonists/sensory tricks). Despite advances in research, there is no diagnostic test with a high level of accuracy for the dystonia diagnosis. Clinical neurophysiology and genetics might support the clinician in the diagnostic process. Neurophysiology played a role in untangling dystonia pathophysiology, demonstrating characteristic reduction in inhibition of central motor circuits and alterations in the somatosensory system. The neurophysiologic measure with the greatest evidence in identifying patients affected by dystonia is the somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold (STDT). Other parameters need further confirmations and more solid evidence to be considered as support for the dystonia diagnosis. Genetic testing should be guided by characteristics such as age at onset, body distribution, associated features, and coexistence of other movement disorders (parkinsonism, myoclonus, and other hyperkinesia). The aim of the present review is to summarize the state of the art regarding dystonia diagnosis focusing on the role of neurophysiology and genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazzaro di Biase
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (M.L.C.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.C.); (V.D.L.)
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Brain Innovations Lab., Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-062-2541-1220
| | - Alessandro Di Santo
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (M.L.C.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.C.); (V.D.L.)
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Caminiti
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (M.L.C.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.C.); (V.D.L.)
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maria Pecoraro
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (M.L.C.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.C.); (V.D.L.)
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Paola Carbone
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (M.L.C.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.C.); (V.D.L.)
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Neurology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital Foundation, Via Álvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (M.L.C.); (P.M.P.); (S.P.C.); (V.D.L.)
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
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Dystonia: Still a Mysterious Syndrome. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12070989. [PMID: 35888079 PMCID: PMC9321350 DOI: 10.3390/life12070989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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10
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DYT-PRKRA Mutation P222L Enhances PACT’s Stimulatory Activity on Type I Interferon Induction. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050713. [PMID: 35625640 PMCID: PMC9138762 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
DYT-PRKRA (dystonia 16 or DYT-PRKRA) is caused by mutations in the PRKRA gene that encodes PACT, the protein activator of interferon (IFN)-induced double-stranded (ds) RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR). PACT participates in several cellular pathways, of which its role as a PKR activator protein during integrated stress response (ISR) is the best characterized. Previously, we have established that the DYT-PRKRA mutations cause enhanced activation of PKR during ISR to sensitize DYT-PRKRA cells to apoptosis. In this study, we evaluate if the most prevalent substitution mutation reported in DYT-PRKRA patients alters PACT’s functional role in induction of type I IFNs via the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling. Our results indicate that the P222L mutation augments PACT’s ability to induce IFN β in response to dsRNA and the basal expression of IFN β and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) is higher in DYT-PRKRA patient cells compared to cells from the unaffected controls. Additionally, IFN β and ISGs are also induced at higher levels in DYT-PRKRA cells in response to dsRNA. These results offer a new avenue for investigations directed towards understanding the underlying molecular pathomechanisms in DYT-PRKRA.
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