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Elsayed AM, Ahmed AM, Tammam MT, Eissa MF, Aly AH. Sensing of heavy metal Pb 2+ ions in water utilizing the photonic structure of highly controlled hexagonal TiON/TiO 2 nanotubes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1015. [PMID: 38200033 PMCID: PMC10781679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The detection of heavy metals in water, especially Pb2+ ions, is important due to their severe hazardous effects. To address this issue, a highly controlled hexagonal TiON/TiO2 heterostructure has been synthesized in this study. The fabrication process involved the utilization of atomic layer deposition and direct current sputtering techniques to deposit TiO2 and TiON layers onto a porous Al2O3 membrane used as a template. The resulting heterostructure exhibits a well-ordered hollow tube structure with a diameter of 345 nm and a length of 1.2 µm. The electrochemical sensing of Pb2+ ions in water is carried out using a cyclic voltammetry technique under both light and dark conditions. The concentration range for the Pb2+ ions ranges from 10-5 to 10-1 M. The sensitivity values obtained for the sensor are 1.0 × 10-6 in dark conditions and 1.0 × 10-4 in light conditions. The remarkable enhancement in sensitivity under light illumination can be attributed to the increased activity and electron transfer facilitated by the presence of light. The sensor demonstrates excellent reproducibility, highlighting its reliability and consistency. These findings suggest that the proposed sensor holds great promise for the detection of Pb2+ ions in water, thereby facilitating environmental monitoring, water quality assessment, and safety regulation across various industries. Furthermore, the eco-friendly and straightforward preparation techniques employed in its fabrication provide a significant advantage for practical and scalable implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Elsayed
- Nanophotonics and Applications Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Ashour M Ahmed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M T Tammam
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - M F Eissa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Arafa H Aly
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt.
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El-Rahman AMA, Rabia M, Mohamed SH. Nitrogen doped TiO2 films for hydrogen generation and optoelectronic applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE: MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS 2023; 34:1149. [DOI: 10.1007/s10854-023-10551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Elsayed AM, Alkallas FH, Ben Gouider Trabelsi A, AlFaify S, Shkir M, Alrebdi TA, Almugren KS, Kusmatsev FV, Rabia M. Photodetection Enhancement via Graphene Oxide Deposition on Poly 3-Methyl Aniline. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:606. [PMID: 36985012 PMCID: PMC10056141 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A graphene oxide (GO)/poly 3-methyl aniline (P3MA) photodetector has been developed for light detection in a broad optical region: UV, Vis, and IR. The 3-methyl aniline was initially synthesized via radical polymerization using an acid medium, i.e., K2S2O8 oxidant. Consequently, the GO/P3MA composite was obtained through the adsorption of GO into the surface of P3MA. The chemical structure and optical properties of the prepared materials have been illustrated via XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM analysis. The absorbance measurements demonstrate good optical properties in the UV, Vis, and near-IR regions, although a decrease in the bandgap from 2.4 to 1.6 eV after the composite formation was located. The current density (Jph) varies between 0.29 and 0.68 mA·cm-2 (at 2.0 V) under dark and light, respectively. The photodetector has been tested using on/off chopped light at a low potential, in which the produced Jph values decrease from 0.14 to 0.04 µA·cm-2, respectively. The GO/P3MA photodetector exhibits excellent R (and D) values of 4 and 2.7 mA·W-1 (0.90 × 109 and 0.60 × 109 Jones) in the UV (340 nm) and IR (730 nm) regions, respectively. The R and D values obtained here make the prepared photodetector a promising candidate for future light detection instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. Elsayed
- Nanophotonics and Applications Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Fatemah H. Alkallas
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira Ben Gouider Trabelsi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem AlFaify
- Advanced Functional Materials & Optoelectronic Laboratory (AFMOL), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Shkir
- Advanced Functional Materials & Optoelectronic Laboratory (AFMOL), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry and University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Tahani A. Alrebdi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholoud S. Almugren
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feodor V. Kusmatsev
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Rabia
- Nanophotonics and Applications Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Nanomaterials Science Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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Alkallas FH, Ben Gouider Trabelsi A, Alrebdi TA, Ahmed AM, Rabia M. Development of a Highly Efficient Optoelectronic Device Based on CuFeO 2/CuO/Cu Composite Nanomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6857. [PMID: 36234202 PMCID: PMC9572630 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an optoelectronic device synthesized from a CuFeO2/CuO/Cu nanocomposite was obtained through the direct combustion of Cu foil coated with Fe2O3 nanomaterials. The chemical, morphological, and optical properties of the nanocomposite were examined via different techniques, such as XRD, XPS, TEM, SEM, and UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The optical reflectance demonstrated a great enhancement in the CuFeO2 optical properties compared to CuO nanomaterials. Such enhancements were clearly distinguished through the bandgap values, which varied between 1.35 and 1.38 eV, respectively. The XRD and XPS analyses confirmed the chemical structure of the prepared materials. The produced current density (Jph) was studied in dark and light conditions, thereby confirming the obtained optoelectronic properties. The Jph dependency to monochromatic wavelength was also investigated. The Jph value was equal to 0.033 mA·cm-2 at 390 nm, which decreased to 0.031 mA·cm-2 at 508 nm, and then increased to 0.0315 mA·cm-2 at 636 nm. The light intensity effects were similarly inspected. The Jph values rose when the light intensities were augmented from 25 to 100 mW·cm-2 to reach 0.031 and 0.05 mA·cm-2, respectively. The photoresponsivity (R) and detectivity (D) values were found at 0.33 mA·W-1 and 7.36 × 1010 Jones at 390 nm. The produced values confirm the high light sensitivity of the prepared optoelectronic device in a broad optical region covering UV, Vis, and near IR, with high efficiency. Further works are currently being designed to develop a prototype of such an optoelectronic device so that it can be applied in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah H. Alkallas
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira Ben Gouider Trabelsi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani A. Alrebdi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashour M. Ahmed
- Nanophotonics and Applications Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Rabia
- Nanophotonics and Applications Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Nanomaterials Science Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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Poly-3-Methyl Aniline-Assisted Spherical PbS Quantum Dots through the Ionic Adsorption Deposition Method as a Novel and Highly Efficient Photodetector in UV, Vis, and NIR Regions. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7693472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the preparation and characterization of glass/poly-3-methyl aniline (P3MA)/PbS quantum dot (QD) optoelectronic photodetector to detect and sense the light in broad spectral regions of UV, Vis, and NIR. This work is carried out to solve the drawbacks of other studs that prepare detectors in just one or two optical regions. Previous studies have used high-priced techniques. The deposition of P3MA on the glass surface was carried out by in situ oxidation process. Then, this polymer film was used to assist the deposition of PbS-QD particles through the ionic adsorption deposition method. The latter was performed using four different concentrations of Pb(NO3)2 solution (0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.07 M) to form four P3MA/PbS composites: I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The chemical structure, morphologies, and electrical and optical properties of these composites were determined using different analytical tools. The SEM confirmed the formation of spherical QD particles of PbS on the P3MA surface. The TEM analysis showed that the composite has an average size of 5 nm, with the interatomic distances of 0.4 nm. Furthermore, the optical band gap values were 1.53, 1.52, 1.50, and 1.51 eV, respectively. The optoelectronic device could detect and sense light from 390 to 636 nm under various optical wavelengths. The produced current density (
) values decreased from 0.029 mA.cm-2 at 390 nm to 0.022 mA.cm-2 at 500 nm and then increased until 0.024 mA.cm-2 at 636 nm. The light sensing was determined through the photoresponsivity (
) and detectivity (
) parameters, in which the photodetector has
and
values of 0.29 mA.cm-2 and
Jones, respectively. Finally, a simple mechanism was proposed to explain the light sensing through the prepared optoelectronic device. Soon, our team works on the industrial applications of this optoelectronic device in the industry field related to the great optoelectronic device technical properties and its low cost and easy preparation.
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BinSabt M, Sagar V, Singh J, Rawat M, Shaban M. Green Synthesis of CS-TiO2 NPs for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132677. [PMID: 35808729 PMCID: PMC9269329 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a non-malignant and sustainable treatment approach for eradicating mephitic organic dyes from freshwater resources is a daunting task. In a similar vein, the current work investigates the mitigation of methylene blue (MB) dye utilizing titanium dioxide nanoparticles (CS-TiO2 NPs) synthesized using cannabis sativa (bhang) leaf extract via a greener approach. The CS-TiO2 NPs are well characterized through XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and EDS spectroscopy. Microscopic studies confirm that the average particle size distribution of the individual particles was found to be in the range of 12.5 ± 1.5 nm, whereas the average size of the CS-TiO2 NPs aggregates is 24.5 ± 11.5 nm. Additionally, the synthesized CS-TiO2 NPs manifested remarkable photocatalytic degradation potential against methylene blue dye with a degradation efficiency of 98.2% and an apparent rate constant of 0.0398 min−1. As a result, this research offers a green/sustainable alternative for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad BinSabt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait;
| | - Varsha Sagar
- Department of Nanotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, India;
| | - Jagpreet Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
- Correspondence: or (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Mohit Rawat
- Department of Nanotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, India;
| | - Mohamed Shaban
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (J.S.); (M.S.)
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Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured Rock Wool as a Novel Material for Efficient Water-Splitting Application. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132169. [PMID: 35808005 PMCID: PMC9267974 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rock wool (RW) nanostructures of various sizes and morphologies were prepared using a combination of ball-mill and hydrothermal techniques, followed by an annealing process. Different tools were used to explore the morphologies, structures, chemical compositions and optical characteristics of the samples. The effect of initial particle size on the characteristics and photoelectrochemical performance of RW samples generated hydrothermally was investigated. As the starting particle size of ball-milled natural RW rises, the crystallite size of hydrothermally formed samples drops from 70.1 to 31.7 nm. Starting with larger ball-milled particle sizes, the nanoparticles consolidate and seamlessly combine to form a continuous surface with scattered spherical nanopores. Water splitting was used to generate photoelectrochemical hydrogen using the samples as photocatalysts. The number of hydrogen moles and conversion efficiencies were determined using amperometry and voltammetry experiments. When the monochromatic wavelength of light was increased from 307 to 460 nm for the manufactured RW>0.3 photocatalyst, the photocurrent density values decreased from 0.25 to 0.20 mA/mg. At 307 nm and +1 V, the value of the incoming photon-to-current efficiency was ~9.77%. Due to the stimulation of the H+ ion rate under the temperature impact, the Jph value increased by a factor of 5 when the temperature rose from 40 to 75 °C. As a result of this research, for the first time, a low-cost photoelectrochemical catalytic material is highlighted for effective hydrogen production from water splitting.
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Bunch of Grape-Like Shape PANI/Ag2O/Ag Nanocomposite Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation from Wastewater. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/4282485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/Ag2O/Ag composites I and II were prepared under different AgNO3 oxidant concentrations using the oxidative photopolymerization method. The chemical structure and optical, electrical, and morphological properties were determined for the prepared nanocomposite. The PANI/Ag2O/Ag composite II has the optimum optical properties, in which the bandgaps of PANI, composite I, and composite II are 3.02, 1.71, and 1.68 eV, respectively, with the morphology of a bunch of grape-like shapes with average particles sizes of 25 nm. Under the optimum optical properties, glass/PANI/Ag2O/Ag composite II electrode is used for hydrogen generation from sewage water. The measurements are carried out from a three-electrode cell under a xenon lamp. The effects of light wavelengths and temperature on the produced current density (
) are mentioned. Under the applied voltage (at 30°C), the current density values (
) increase from 0.003 to 0.012 mA.cm-2 in dark and light, respectively. While increasing the temperature,
values increase to 0.032 mAcm-2 at 60°C. The thermodynamic parameters are calculated, in which the activation energy (
), enthalpy (
), and entropy (
) values are 27.1 kJ·mol-1, 24.5 J mol-1, and 140.5 J K-1 mol-1, respectively. Finally, a simple mechanism for the produced hydrogen generation rate is mentioned. The prepared electrode is a very cheap (1$ for
) electrode.
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Conversion of Sewage Water into H 2 Gas Fuel Using Hexagonal Nanosheets of the Polyaniline-Assisted Deposition of PbI 2 as a Nanocomposite Photocathode with the Theoretical Qualitative Ab-Initio Calculation of the H 2O Splitting. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112148. [PMID: 35683821 PMCID: PMC9183036 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is very promising for providing a renewable enrgy (H2 gas fuel) under the elctrochemical splitting of the wastwater (sewage water). This study has double benefits: hydrogen generation and contaminations removel. This study is carried out on sewage water, third stage treated, from Beni-Suef city, Egypt. Antimony tin oxide (ATO)/polyaniline (PANI)/PbI2 photoelectrode is prepared through the in situ oxidative polymerization of PANI on ATO, then PANI is used as an assistant for PbI2 deposition using the ionic adsorption deposition method. The chemical structural, morphological, electrical, and optical properties of the composite are confirmed using different analytical tools such as X-ray diffreaction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmision electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The prepared PbI2 inside the composite has a crystal size of 33 nm (according to the peak at 12.8°) through the XRD analyses device. SEM and TEM confirm the hexagonal PbI2 sheets embedded on the PANI nanopores surface. Moreover, the bandgap values are enhanced very much after the composite formation, in which the bandgap values for PANI and PANI/PbI2 are 3 and 2.51 eV, respectively. The application of ATO/PANI/PbI2 nanocomposite electrode for sewage splitting and H2 generation is carried out through a three-electrode cell. The measurements carreid out using the electrocehical worksattion under th Xenon lamp (100 mW.cm−2). The produced current density (Jph) is 0.095 mA.cm−2 at 100 mW.cm−2 light illumination. The photoelectrode has high reproducibility and stability, in which and the number of H2 moles is 6 µmole.h−1.cm−1. The photoelectrode response to different monochromatic light, in which the produced Jph decreases from 0.077 to 0.072 mA.cm−2 with decreasing of the wavelengths from 390 to 636 nm, respectively. These values confirms the high response of the ATO/PANI/PbI2 nanocomposite electrode for the light illuminaton and hydrogen genration under broad light region. The thermodynamic parameters: activation energy (Ea), enthalpy (ΔH*), and entropy (ΔS*) values are 7.33 kJ/mol, −4.7 kJ/mol, and 203.3 J/mol.K, respectively. The small values of ΔS* relted to the high sesnivity of the prepared elctrode for the water splitting and then the hydrogen gneration. Finally, a theoretical study was mentioned for calculation geometry, electrochemical, and thermochemistry properties of the polyaniline/PbI2 nanocomposite as compared with that for the polyaniline.
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