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Babar TK, Glare TR, Hampton JG, Hurst MRH, Narciso J. Biochemical characterisation and production kinetics of high molecular-weight (HMW) putative antibacterial proteins of insect pathogenic Brevibacillus laterosporus isolates. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:259. [PMID: 38997685 PMCID: PMC11245835 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial genomes often encode structures similar to phage capsids (encapsulins) and phage tails which can be induced spontaneously or using genotoxic compounds such as mitomycin C. These high molecular-weight (HMW) putative antibacterial proteins (ABPs) are used against the competitive strains under natural environment. Previously, it was unknown whether these HMW putative ABPs originating from the insect pathogenic Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium Brevibacillus laterosporus (Bl) isolates (1821L, 1951) are spontaneously induced during the growth and pose a detrimental effect on their own survival. Furthermore, no prior work has been undertaken to determine their biochemical characteristics. RESULTS Using a soft agar overlay method with polyethylene glycol precipitation, a narrow spectrum of bioactivity was found from the precipitated lysate of Bl 1951. Electron micrographs of mitomycin C- induced filtrates showed structures similar to phage capsids and contractile tails. Bioactivity assays of cell free supernatants (CFS) extracted during the growth of Bl 1821L and Bl 1951 suggested spontaneous induction of these HMW putative ABPs with an autocidal activity. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of spontaneously induced putative ABPs showed appearance of ~ 30 kDa and ~ 48 kDa bands of varying intensity across all the time intervals during the bacterial growth except in the initial hours. Statistically, spontaneously induced HMW putative ABPs of Bl 1951 exhibited a significant decrease in the number of viable cells of its producer strain after 18 h of growth in liquid. In addition, a significant change in pH and prominent bioactivity of the CFS of this particular time period was noted. Biochemically, the filtered supernatant derived from either Bl 1821L or Bl 1951 maintained bioactivity over a wide range of pH and temperature. CONCLUSION This study reports the spontaneous induction of HMW putative ABPs (bacteriocins) of Bl 1821L and Bl 1951 isolates during the course of growth with potential autocidal activity which is critically important during production as a potential biopesticide. A narrow spectrum of putative antibacterial activity of Bl 1951 precipitate was found. The stability of HMW putative ABPs of Bl 1821L and Bl 1951 over a wide range of pH and temperature can be useful in expanding the potential of this useful bacterium beyond the insecticidal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauseef K Babar
- Bioprotection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand.
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60000, Pakistan.
| | - Travis R Glare
- Bioprotection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
| | - John G Hampton
- Bioprotection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Mark R H Hurst
- Resilient agriculture, AgResearch, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Josefina Narciso
- Bioprotection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
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Jähne J, Herfort S, Doellinger J, Lasch P, Tam LTT, Borriss R, Vater J. Investigation of the potential of Brevibacillus spp. for the biosynthesis of nonribosomally produced bioactive compounds by combination of genome mining with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1286565. [PMID: 38156002 PMCID: PMC10753013 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1286565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosynthetic potential of 11 Brevibacillus spp. strains was investigated by combination of genome mining with mass spectrometric analysis using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. These endophytic, plant associated Brevibacillus strains were isolated from crop plants, such as coffee and black pepper, in Vietnam. Draft genomes of these strains were available. They were classified (a) by comparison with type strains and a collection of genome-sequenced Brevibacillus spp. deposited in the NCBI data base as well as (b) by construction of a phylogenetic tree from the core sequences of publicly available genomes of Brevibacillus strains. They were identified as Brevibacillus brevis (1 strain); parabrevis (2 strains); porteri (3 strains); and 5 novel Brevibacillus genomospecies. Our work was specifically focused on the detection and characterization of nonribosomal peptides produced by these strains. Structural characterization of these compounds was performed by LIFT-MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometric sequence analysis. The highlights of our work were the demonstration of the tyrocidines, a well-known family of cyclodecapeptides of great structural variability, as the main products of all investigated strains and the identification of a novel class of pentapeptides produced by B. brevis; B. schisleri; and B. porteri which we designate as brevipentins. Our biosynthetic studies demonstrate that knowledge of their biosynthetic capacity can efficiently assist classification of Brevibacillus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Jähne
- Centre for Biological Threads and Special Pathogens, Proteomics and Spectroscopy (ZBS6), Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Herfort
- Centre for Biological Threads and Special Pathogens, Proteomics and Spectroscopy (ZBS6), Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joerg Doellinger
- Centre for Biological Threads and Special Pathogens, Proteomics and Spectroscopy (ZBS6), Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Lasch
- Centre for Biological Threads and Special Pathogens, Proteomics and Spectroscopy (ZBS6), Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Le Thi Thanh Tam
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Vater
- Centre for Biological Threads and Special Pathogens, Proteomics and Spectroscopy (ZBS6), Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Vater J, Tam LTT, Jähne J, Herfort S, Blumenscheit C, Schneider A, Luong PT, Thao LTP, Blom J, Klee SR, Schweder T, Lasch P, Borriss R. Plant-Associated Representatives of the Bacillus cereus Group Are a Rich Source of Antimicrobial Compounds. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2677. [PMID: 38004689 PMCID: PMC10672896 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Seventeen bacterial strains able to suppress plant pathogens have been isolated from healthy Vietnamese crop plants and taxonomically assigned as members of the Bacillus cereus group. In order to prove their potential as biocontrol agents, we perform a comprehensive analysis that included the whole-genome sequencing of selected strains and the mining for genes and gene clusters involved in the synthesis of endo- and exotoxins and secondary metabolites, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Kurstakin, thumolycin, and other AMPs were detected and characterized by different mass spectrometric methods, such as MALDI-TOF-MS and LIFT-MALDI-TOF/TOF fragment analysis. Based on their whole-genome sequences, the plant-associated isolates were assigned to the following species and subspecies: B. cereus subsp. cereus (6), B. cereus subsp. bombysepticus (5), Bacillus tropicus (2), and Bacillus pacificus. These three isolates represent novel genomospecies. Genes encoding entomopathogenic crystal and vegetative proteins were detected in B. cereus subsp. bombysepticus TK1. The in vitro assays revealed that many plant-associated isolates enhanced plant growth and suppressed plant pathogens. Our findings indicate that the plant-associated representatives of the B. cereus group are a rich source of putative antimicrobial compounds with potential in sustainable agriculture. However, the presence of virulence genes might restrict their application as biologicals in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Vater
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.V.); (J.J.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Le Thi Thanh Tam
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam; (L.T.T.T.); (P.T.L.); (L.T.P.T.)
| | - Jennifer Jähne
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.V.); (J.J.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Stefanie Herfort
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.V.); (J.J.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Christian Blumenscheit
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.V.); (J.J.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Andy Schneider
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.V.); (J.J.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Pham Thi Luong
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam; (L.T.T.T.); (P.T.L.); (L.T.P.T.)
| | - Le Thi Phuong Thao
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam; (L.T.T.T.); (P.T.L.); (L.T.P.T.)
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Silke R. Klee
- Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms Unit (ZBS2), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Lasch
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.V.); (J.J.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (A.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Thanh Tam LT, Jähne J, Luong PT, Phuong Thao LT, Nhat LM, Blumenscheit C, Schneider A, Blom J, Kim Chung LT, Anh Minh PL, Thanh HM, Hoat TX, Hoat PC, Son TC, Weinmann M, Herfort S, Vater J, Van Liem N, Schweder T, Lasch P, Borriss R. Two plant-associated Bacillus velezensis strains selected after genome analysis, metabolite profiling, and with proved biocontrol potential, were enhancing harvest yield of coffee and black pepper in large field trials. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1194887. [PMID: 37426979 PMCID: PMC10327441 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1194887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Elimination of chemically synthesized pesticides, such as fungicides and nematicides, in agricultural products is a key to successful practice of the Vietnamese agriculture. We describe here the route for developing successful biostimulants based on members of the Bacillus subtilis species complex. A number of endospore-forming Gram-positive bacterial strains with antagonistic action against plant pathogens were isolated from Vietnamese crop plants. Based on their draft genome sequence, thirty of them were assigned to the Bacillus subtilis species complex. Most of them were assigned to the species Bacillus velezensis. Whole genome sequencing of strains BT2.4 and BP1.2A corroborated their close relatedness to B. velezensis FZB42, the model strain for Gram-positive plant growth-promoting bacteria. Genome mining revealed that at least 15 natural product biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) are well conserved in all B. velezensis strains. In total, 36 different BGCs were identified in the genomes of the strains representing B. velezensis, B. subtilis, Bacillus tequilensis, and Bacillus. altitudinis. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated the potential of the B. velezensis strains to enhance plant growth and to suppress phytopathogenic fungi and nematodes. Due to their promising potential to stimulate plant growth and to support plant health, the B. velezensis strains TL7 and S1 were selected as starting material for the development of novel biostimulants, and biocontrol agents efficient in protecting the important Vietnamese crop plants black pepper and coffee against phytopathogens. The results of the large-scale field trials performed in the Central Highlands in Vietnam corroborated that TL7 and S1 are efficient in stimulating plant growth and protecting plant health in large-scale applications. It was shown that treatment with both bioformulations resulted in prevention of the pathogenic pressure exerted by nematodes, fungi, and oomycetes, and increased harvest yield in coffee, and pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Thanh Tam
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Jennifer Jähne
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pham Thi Luong
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Phuong Thao
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Le Mai Nhat
- Science and International Co-operation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Christian Blumenscheit
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andy Schneider
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Blom
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Le Thi Kim Chung
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Le Anh Minh
- Department of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Minh Thanh
- Division of Pathology and Phyto-Immunology, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Trinh Xuan Hoat
- Science and International Co-operation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Cong Hoat
- Department of Science and Technology for Economic Technical Branches, Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Cao Son
- Laboratory of Food Toxicology and Allergens, National Institute for Food Control (NIFC), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Markus Weinmann
- Ernährungsphysiologie Der Kulturpflanzen, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefanie Herfort
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Vater
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nguyen Van Liem
- Science and International Co-operation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), Greifswald, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Lasch
- Proteomics and Spectroscopy Unit (ZBS6), Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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