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Bao J, Zhao YF, Wang XX, Zhu K, Ao R, Liu H, Li XX, Zhang JS, Zhang H. Azaphilone pigments from the marine-derived Penicillium sclerotium UJNMF 0503 and their neuroprotective potential against H 2O 2-induced cell apoptosis through modulating PI3K/Akt pathway. Bioorg Chem 2024; 148:107434. [PMID: 38744168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Azaphilones represent a particular group of fascinating pigments from fungal source, with easier industrialization and lower cost than the traditional plant-derived pigments, and they also display a wide range of pharmacological activities. Herein, 28 azaphilone analogs, including 12 new ones, were obtained from the fermentation culture of a marine fungus Penicillium sclerotium UJNMF 0503. Their structures were elucidated by MS, NMR and ECD analyses, together with NMR and ECD calculations and biogenetic considerations. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 feature an unusual natural benzo[d][1,3]dioxepine ring embedded with an orthoformate unit, while 3 and 4 represent the first azaphilone examples incorporating a novel rearranged 5/6 bicyclic core and a tetrahydropyran ring on the side chain, respectively. Our bioassays revealed that half of the isolates exhibited neuroprotective potential against H2O2-induced injury on RSC96 cells, while compound 13 displayed the best rescuing capacity toward the cell viability by blocking cellular apoptosis, which was likely achieved by upregulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yan-Fen Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Kongkai Zhu
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Rui Ao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Haishan Liu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, China.
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2
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Portas A, Carriot N, Ortalo-Magné A, Damblans G, Thiébaut M, Culioli G, Quillien N, Briand JF. Impact of hydrodynamics on community structure and metabolic production of marine biofouling formed in a highly energetic estuary. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 192:106241. [PMID: 37922705 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling is a specific lifestyle including both marine prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities. Hydrodynamics are poorly studied parameters affecting biofouling formation. This study aimed to investigate how water dynamics in the Etel Estuary (Northwest Atlantic coasts of France) influences the colonization of artificial substrates. Hydrodynamic conditions, mainly identified as shear stress, were characterized by measuring current velocity, turbulence intensity and energy using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). One-month biofouling was analyzed by coupling metabarcoding (16S rRNA, 18S rRNA and COI genes), untargeted metabolomics (liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, LC-HRMS) and characterization of the main biochemical components of the microbial exopolymeric matrix. A higher richness was observed for biofouling communities (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) exposed to the strongest currents. Ectopleura (Cnidaria) and its putative symbionts Endozoicomonas (Gammaproteobacteria) were dominant in the less dynamic conditions. Eukaryotes assemblages were specifically shaped by shear stress, leading to drastic changes in metabolite profiles. Under high hydrodynamic conditions, the exopolymeric matrix increased and was composed of 6 times more polysaccharides than proteins, these latter playing a crucial role in the adhesion and cohesion properties of biofilms. This original multidisciplinary approach demonstrated the importance of shear stress on both the structure of marine biofouling and the metabolic response of these complex communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Portas
- France Energies Marines, Plouzané, France; MAPIEM, EA 4323, Université de Toulon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Gérald Culioli
- MAPIEM, EA 4323, Université de Toulon, France; IMBE, Aix-Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon, France
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3
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Nicoletti R, Bellavita R, Falanga A. The Outstanding Chemodiversity of Marine-Derived Talaromyces. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1021. [PMID: 37509057 PMCID: PMC10377321 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi in the genus Talaromyces occur in every environment in both terrestrial and marine contexts, where they have been quite frequently found in association with plants and animals. The relationships of symbiotic fungi with their hosts are often mediated by bioactive secondary metabolites, and Talaromyces species represent a prolific source of these compounds. This review highlights the biosynthetic potential of marine-derived Talaromyces strains, using accounts from the literature published since 2016. Over 500 secondary metabolites were extracted from axenic cultures of these isolates and about 45% of them were identified as new products, representing a various assortment of chemical classes such as alkaloids, meroterpenoids, isocoumarins, anthraquinones, xanthones, phenalenones, benzofurans, azaphilones, and other polyketides. This impressive chemodiversity and the broad range of biological properties that have been disclosed in preliminary assays qualify these fungi as a valuable source of products to be exploited for manifold biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Nicoletti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Rosa Bellavita
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Napoli, Italy
| | - Annarita Falanga
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
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4
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Sousa MDB, Pereira ML, Cruz FPN, Romano LH, Albuquerque YR, Correia RO, Oliveira FM, Primo FL, Baptista-Neto Á, Sousa CP, Anibal FF, Moraes LAB, Badino AC. Red biocolorant from endophytic Talaromyces minnesotensis: production, properties, and potential applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3699-3716. [PMID: 37083969 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Fungal colorants are gradually entering the global color market, given their advantages of being less harmful to human health, as well as having greater stability and biotechnological potential, compared to other natural sources. The present work concerns the isolation and identification of an endophytic filamentous fungus, together with the chemical characterization and assessment of the fluorescence, toxicity, stability, and application potential of its synthesized red colorant. The endophytic fungus was isolated from Hymenaea courbaril, a tree from the Brazilian savannah, and was identified as Talaromyces minnesotensis by phenotypic and genotypic characterization. Submerged cultivation of the fungus resulted in the production of approximately 12 AU500 of a red biocolorant which according to LC-DAD-MS analysis is characterized by being a complex mixture of molecules of the azaphilone class. Regarding cytotoxicity assays, activity against human hepatoblastoma (HepG2) cells was only observed at concentrations above 5.0 g L-1, while antimicrobial effects against pathogenic bacteria and yeast occurred at concentrations above 50.0 g L-1. The biocolorant showed high stability at neutral pH values and low temperatures (10 to 20 °C) and high half-life values (t1/2), which indicates potential versatility for application in different matrices, as observed in tests using detergent, gelatin, enamel, paint, and fabrics. The results demonstrated that the biocolorant synthesized by Talaromyces minnesotensis has potential for future biotechnological applications. KEY POINTS: • An endophytic fungus, which was isolated and identified, synthesize a red colorant. • The colorant showed fluorescence property, low toxicity, and application potential. • The red biocolorant was highly stable at pH 8.0 and temperatures below 20°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina D B Sousa
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, C.P. 676, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Murilo L Pereira
- Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Course, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Felipe P N Cruz
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biomolecules - LaMiB, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Luis H Romano
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biomolecules - LaMiB, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Yulli R Albuquerque
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Infectious Diseases - LIDI, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ricardo O Correia
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Infectious Diseases - LIDI, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Applied to Natural Products, Chemistry Department, School of Philosophy, Sciences and Languages, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando L Primo
- Department of Engineering of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Baptista-Neto
- Department of Engineering of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Cristina P Sousa
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biomolecules - LaMiB, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Anibal
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Infectious Diseases - LIDI, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto B Moraes
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Applied to Natural Products, Chemistry Department, School of Philosophy, Sciences and Languages, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alberto C Badino
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, C.P. 676, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Molelekoa TBJ, Augustyn W, Regnier T, da Silva LS. CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND TOXICITY EVALUATION OF FUNGAL PIGMENTS FOR POTENTIAL APPLICATION IN FOOD, PHAMARCEUTICAL AND AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103630. [PMID: 37113475 PMCID: PMC10127131 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Concerns associated with the use of synthetic colourants backs the demand for natural colourants. Thus, the current study aimed at characterizing crude fungal pigments produced by Penicillium multicolour, P. canescens, Talaromyces verruculosus, Fusarium solani and P. herquie. This included their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties together with acute toxicity evaluation on zebrafish embryos. The identification of pigment compounds was achieved through MS and IR data. The study demonstrated a substantial radical scavenging activity of extracts ranging from 65.49 to 74.46%, close to that of ascorbic acid (89.21%). Penicillium canescens and F. solani exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Enterococcus aerogenes and Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus at MIC values ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 mg/mL. However, some levels of toxicity were observed for all extracts at a concentration range of 3-5 mg/mL. Pigment by P. multicolour, T. verruculosus and F. solani were tentatively identified through IR and MS data as sclerotiorin (yellow), rubropunctamine (red) and bostrycoidin (red). In conclusion, the study demonstrates a market potential of filamentous fungi pigments due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial activities, and prominent colours. Although there are some toxicity concerns, further tests must be done using molecular docking, albino mice and cell linings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tumisi Beiri Jeremiah Molelekoa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Arcadia Campus, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Corresponding author.
| | - Wilma Augustyn
- Department of Chemistry, Arcadia Campus, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Thierry Regnier
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Arcadia Campus, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Laura Suzanne da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Arcadia Campus, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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6
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Salim RG, Fadel M, Youssef YA, Taie HAA, Abosereh NA, El-Sayed GM, Marzouk M. A local Talaromyces atroroseus TRP-NRC isolate: isolation, genetic improvement, and biotechnological approach combined with LC/HRESI-MS characterization, skin safety, and wool fabric dyeing ability of the produced red pigment mixture. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:62. [PMID: 35451646 PMCID: PMC9033925 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background During the last decade, enormous research efforts have been directed at identifying potent microorganisms as sustainable green cell factories for eco-friendly pigments. Talaromyces atroroseus has recently been shown to excrete large amounts of azaphilone mycotoxin-free red pigment mixture comprising some known coloring components together with many uncharacterized metabolites. In this study, a new Talaromyces atroroseus isolate was identified via sequencing of the fragment of the nuclear ribosomal gene cluster containing internal transcribed spacers and 5.8S rRNA gene. The parameters that affected the level of pigment production were optimized in uncommon static conditions of culture and genetic improvement, via γ-irradiation, to improve pigment yield. Moreover, chemical characterization using LC/MS and skin safety test of the target pigment mixture were precisely conducted to maximize its benefits as a natural and safe red pigment for wool fabrics. Results Molecular identification via the sequencing of the ITS of the rDNA encoding gene cluster revealed that the fungal isolate TRP-NRC was T. atroroseus TRP-NRC (deposited in GenBank under accession number MW282329). In the static conditions of culture, pigment production was dramatically enhanced to 27.36 g/L in an optimum yeast malt peptone medium of 2% mannitol at pH 2−4.5 and 30 °C for 7 days of incubation. Under exposure to a 400-Gy γ-radiation dose, pigment yield was increased to a 3-fold level higher than that recorded for the wild type. Based on the inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), as a molecular marker tool, the wild-type T. atroroseus TRP-NRC strain and its mutants were discriminated. The UHPLC/HRESI-MS analytical tool characterized 60 metabolites, including many unknown molecules, at appropriate concentrations. It is worthy to note that four mitorubrin derivatives were identified for the first time in T. atroroseus, i.e., mitorubrinolamine acetate, dihydro-PP-O, mitorobrinal, and mitorubrinol. The range of irritation indexes (0−0.1) demonstrated an adequate skin safety after the direct local application of the pigment mixture. Finally, the pigment mixture exhibited a remarkably good dyeing ability in wool fabrics, with high-fastness properties. Conclusions Because of its sustainable and economic production, the target red pigment mixture may be applied in the future in textile, food, cosmetics, or different pharmaceutical industries after extensive conventional safety and toxicity studies, which are currently under consideration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43141-022-00335-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha G Salim
- Microbial Genetic Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fadel
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Yehya A Youssef
- Department of Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries, Textile Technology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hanan A A Taie
- Plant Biochemistry Department, Agricultural and Biology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Nivien A Abosereh
- Microbial Genetic Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ghada M El-Sayed
- Microbial Genetic Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Marzouk
- Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
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7
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Microbial Secondary Metabolism and Biotechnology. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010123. [PMID: 35056572 PMCID: PMC8781746 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades scientific research has demonstrated that the microbial world is infinitely richer and more surprising than we could have imagined. Every day, new molecules produced by microorganisms are discovered, and their incredible diversity has not yet delivered all of its messages. The current challenge of research is to select from the wide variety of characterized microorganisms and compounds, those which could provide rapid answers to crucial questions about human or animal health or more generally relating to society’s demands for medicine, pharmacology, nutrition or everyday well-being.
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8
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Wu W, Wang S, Zhang H, Guo W, Lu H, Xu H, Zhan R, Fidan O, Sun L. Biosynthesis of Novel Naphthoquinone Derivatives in the Commonly-used Chassis Cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2021. [PMCID: PMC8700708 DOI: 10.1134/s0003683821100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Naphthoquinones harboring 1,4-naphthoquinone pharmacophore are considered as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry. In pharmaceutical industry and fundamental research, polyketide naphthoquinones were widely produced by heterologous expression of polyketide synthases in microbial chassis cells, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Nevertheless, these cell factories still remain, to a great degree, black boxes that often exceed engineers’ expectations. In this work, the biotransformation of juglone or 1,4-naphthoquinone was conducted to generate novel derivatives and it was revealed that these two naphthoquinones can indeed be modified by the chassis cells. Seventeen derivatives, including 6 novel compounds, were isolated and their structural characterizations indicated the attachment of certain metabolites of chassis cells to naphthoquinones. Some of these biosynthesized derivatives were reported as potent antimicrobial agents with reduced cytotoxic activities. Additionally, molecular docking as simple and quick in silico approach was performed to screen the biosynthesized compounds for their potential antiviral activity. It was found that compound 11 and 17 showed the most promising binding affinities against Nsp9 of SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating their potential antiviral activities. Overall, this work provides a new approach to generate novel molecules in the commonly used chassis cells, which would expand the chemical diversity for the drug development pipeline. It also reveals a novel insight into the potential of the catalytic power of the most widely used chassis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Wu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - S. Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Control, 215000 Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - H. Zhang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - W. Guo
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510405 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - H. Lu
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Control, 215000 Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - H. Xu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - R. Zhan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - O. Fidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gül University, 38080 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - L. Sun
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
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9
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Tsiailanis AD, Pateraki C, Kyriazou M, Chatzigiannis CM, Chatziathanasiadou M, Parisis N, Mandala I, Tzakos AG, Koutinas A. Chemical Profiling, Bioactivity Evaluation and the Discovery of a Novel Biopigment Produced by Penicillium purpurogenum CBS 113139. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010069. [PMID: 35011300 PMCID: PMC8746843 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Biobased pigments are environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic variants with an increased market demand. Production of pigments via fermentation is a promising process, yet optimization of the production yield and rate is crucial. Herein, we evaluated the potential of Penicillium purpurogenum to produce biobased pigments. Optimum sugar concentration was 30 g/L and optimum C:N ratio was 36:1 resulting in the production of 4.1–4.5 AU (namely Pigment Complex A). Supplementation with ammonium nitrate resulted in the production of 4.1–4.9 AU (namely Pigment Complex B). Pigments showed excellent pH stability. The major biopigments in Pigment Complex A were N-threonyl-rubropunctamin or the acid form of PP-R (red pigment), N-GABA-PP-V (violet pigment), PP-O (orange pigment) and monascorubrin. In Pigment Complex B, a novel biopigment annotated as N-GLA-PP-V was identified. Its basic structure contains a polyketide azaphilone with the same carboxyl-monascorubramine base structure as PP-V (violet pigment) and γ-carboxyglutamic acid (GLA). The pigments were not cytotoxic up to 250 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis D. Tsiailanis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece; (A.D.T.); (C.M.C.); (M.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Chrysanthi Pateraki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (C.P.); (M.K.); (I.M.)
| | - Mary Kyriazou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (C.P.); (M.K.); (I.M.)
| | - Christos M. Chatzigiannis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece; (A.D.T.); (C.M.C.); (M.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Maria Chatziathanasiadou
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece; (A.D.T.); (C.M.C.); (M.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Nikolaos Parisis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece; (A.D.T.); (C.M.C.); (M.C.); (N.P.)
- Biomedical and Analytical Center (BAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioanna Mandala
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (C.P.); (M.K.); (I.M.)
| | - Andreas G. Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece; (A.D.T.); (C.M.C.); (M.C.); (N.P.)
- Biomedical and Analytical Center (BAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
- Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.G.T.); (A.K.); Tel./Fax: +30-2105294729 (A.K.)
| | - Apostolis Koutinas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (C.P.); (M.K.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.T.); (A.K.); Tel./Fax: +30-2105294729 (A.K.)
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Liu L, Wang Z. Azaphilone alkaloids: prospective source of natural food pigments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 106:469-484. [PMID: 34921328 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Azaphilone, biosynthesized by polyketide synthase, is a class of fungal metabolites. In this review, after brief introduction of the natural azaphilone diversity, we in detail discussed azaphilic addition reaction involving conversion of natural azaphilone into the corresponding azaphilone alkaloid. Then, setting red Monascus pigments (a traditional food colorant in China) as example, we presented a new strategy, i.e., interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with living microbial metabolism in a one-pot process, to produce azaphilone alkaloid with a specified amine residue (red Monascus pigments) during submerged culture. Benefit from the red Monascus pigments with a specified amine residue, the influence of primary amine on characteristics of the food colorant was highlighted. Finally, the progress for screening of alternative azaphilone alkaloids (production from interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with submerged culture of Talaromyces sp. or Penicillium sp.) as natural food colorant was reviewed. KEY POINTS: • Azaphilic addition reaction of natural azaphilone is biocompatible • Red Monascus pigment is a classic example of azaphilone alkaloids • Azaphilone alkaloids are alterative natural food colorant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Pimenta LPS, Gomes DC, Cardoso PG, Takahashi JA. Recent Findings in Azaphilone Pigments. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:541. [PMID: 34356920 PMCID: PMC8307326 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are known to biosynthesize an extraordinary range of azaphilones pigments with structural diversity and advantages over vegetal-derived colored natural products such agile and simple cultivation in the lab, acceptance of low-cost substrates, speed yield improvement, and ease of downstream processing. Modern genetic engineering allows industrial production, providing pigments with higher thermostability, water-solubility, and promising bioactivities combined with ecological functions. This review, covering the literature from 2020 onwards, focuses on the state-of-the-art of azaphilone dyes, the global market scenario, new compounds isolated in the period with respective biological activities, and biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, we discussed the innovations of azaphilone cultivation and extraction techniques, as well as in yield improvement and scale-up. Potential applications in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and textile industries were also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia P. S. Pimenta
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Dhionne C. Gomes
- Department of Food Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia G. Cardoso
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Av. Dr. Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Lavras CEP 37200-900, MG, Brazil;
| | - Jacqueline A. Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
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