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Gunter NV, Teh SS, Jantan I, Law KP, Morita H, Mah SH. Natural xanthones as modulators of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and potential gastroprotective agents. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38372084 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated in the initiation, pathogenesis, and progression of various gastric inflammatory diseases (GID). The prevalence of these diseases remains a concern along with the increasing risks of adverse effects in current clinical interventions. Hence, new gastroprotective agents capable of inhibiting oxidative stress by modulating cellular defense systems such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway are critically needed to address these issues. A candidate to solve the present issue is xanthone, a natural compound that reportedly exerts gastroprotective effects via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective mechanisms. Moreover, xanthone derivatives were shown to modulate the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway to counter oxidative stress in both in vitro and in vivo models. Thirteen natural xanthones have demonstrated the ability to modulate the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and have high potential as lead compounds for GID as indicated by their in vivo gastroprotective action-particularly mangiferin (2), α-mangostin (3), and γ-mangostin (4). Further studies on these compounds are recommended to validate the Nrf2 modulatory ability in relation to their gastroprotective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Vivien Gunter
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Soek Sin Teh
- Energy and Environment Unit, Engineering and Processing Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Kung Pui Law
- School of Pre-University Studies, Taylor's College, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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2
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Chen X, Liu Z, Zhong B, Zhu M, Yao H, Chen X, Lu Y, Wang S, Guo Y. Cytotoxic 4-phenylcoumarins from the flowering buds of Mesua ferrea. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3741-3750. [PMID: 36412548 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2148378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Eleven 4-phenylcoumarins including three new 4-phenylcoumarins, mesuaferols A-C (1-3), together with eight known 4-phenylcoumarins (4-11) have been isolated from the flowering buds of Mesua ferrea. Their structures were elucidated via UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, and NMR spectral data. Compound 9 showed moderate cytotoxic activity toward MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HepG2 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values of 13.68 ± 1.36 μM, 9.27 ± 1.84 μM, 21.06 ± 1.95 μM, and 7.26 ± 1.68 μM, respectively, and other compounds showed weak cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Bi Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengjie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Han Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongchao Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuyun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yaping Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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Chakraborty D, Arefin P, Bhattacharjee SC, Hasan M, Sarkar R, Das S, Rahman S, Habib MS, Islam S, Jahan F, Ray G, Ferdous J, Farhana F, Islam MA, Mostafa M. Biological activity of Mesua ferrea (Nageswar) seed extracts: An in vitro and in silico study. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2023.101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Lakornwong W, Kanokmedhakul K, Masranoi J, Tontapha S, Yahuafai J, Laphookhieo S, Suthiphasilp V, Kanokmedhakul S. Cytotoxic and antibacterial xanthones from the roots of Maclura cochinchinensis. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6021-6030. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2062351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waranya Lakornwong
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jariya Masranoi
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Tontapha
- Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jantana Yahuafai
- Clinical Research Section, Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Virayu Suthiphasilp
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Maki P, Itharat A, Thongdeeying P, Tuy-On T, Kuropakornpong P, Pipatrattanaseree W, Mingmalairak C, Davies NM. Ethnopharmacological nexus between the traditional Thai medicine theory and biologically based cancer treatment. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 287:114932. [PMID: 34953977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The two major theories utilized for diagnosis and treatment in Traditional Thai Medicine (TTM) are the Four Element Theory and the Herbal Flavor Theory. A TTM "Poh-Pu" Remedy has been effectively utilized in Thailand for cancer therapy for centuries. AIMS OF STUDY To investigate anti-inflammatory activity and liver cancer cytotoxicity of Poh-Pu remedy. To determine relationships between the TTM Herbal Flavor theory and the Four Element theory and total flavonoid content and biological activities of Poh-Pu Remedy plant extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Each plant ingredient was macerated with 95% ethanol. The extracts were investigated for cytotoxic activity against liver cancer using a sulforhodamine B assay, and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by inhibition of nitric oxide production. The total flavonoid content was determined by an aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The relationships between the TTM theories, total flavonoid content, and biological activities were evaluated by correlation and cluster analysis. RESULTS Mammea siamensis exerted potent cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines with an IC50 of 3.15 ± 0.16 μg/mL and low cytotoxicity to the non-cancerous cells (HaCat) with an IC50 33.39 ± 0.40 μg/mL (Selective index (SI) = 10.6). Tiliacora triandra was selectively cytotoxic to cholangiocarcinama (KKU-M156) cells with an IC50 of 12.65 ± 0.92 μg/mL (SI = 6.4). Curcuma comosa was the most potent anti-inflammatory inhibitor of nitric oxide production with an IC50 of 2.75 ± 0.34 μg/mL. Campomanesia aromatica exhibited the highest total flavonoid content of 259.7 ± 3.21 mg quercetin equivalent/g. Pungent plants were most prevalent in the TTM remedy. CONCLUSION Pungent, fragrant, bitter and nauseating plants utilized in TTM cancer remedy were successfully investigated and identified several lead plants and components with cytotoxic and antiinflammatory activity that require further study. The TTM wind element theory appeared to be aligned with cancer-related activity. Biological activity results of taste from herbs related with The TTM Herbal Flavor theory. The extra-oral locations of flavor receptors are a promising target for biological activity of TTM which require further scrutiny and identified several lead plants and components with cytotoxic and antiinflammatory activities that also require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponlawat Maki
- Student of Doctor of Philosophy (Applied Thai Traditional Medicine), Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Arunporn Itharat
- Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Pakakrong Thongdeeying
- Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Thammarat Tuy-On
- Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Pranporn Kuropakornpong
- Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Weerachai Pipatrattanaseree
- Regional Medical Science Center 12 Songkhla, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Songkhla, 90100, Thailand.
| | - Chatchai Mingmalairak
- Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Department of Surgery and Research Group in Thai Herbs and Traditional Remedy for Cancer Patients, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Neal M Davies
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Synthesis and Properties of α-Mangostin and Vadimezan Conjugates with Glucoheptoamidated and Biotinylated 3rd Generation Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer, and Conjugation Effect on Their Anticancer and Anti-Nematode Activities. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030606. [PMID: 35335982 PMCID: PMC8951109 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Mangostin and vadimezan are widely studied potential anticancer agents. Their biological activities may be improved by covalent bonding by amide or ester bonds with the third generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer, substituted with α-D-glucoheptono-1,4-lactone and biotin. Thus, conjugates of either ester- (G3gh4B5V) or amide-linked (G32B12gh5V) vadimezan, and equivalents of α-mangostin (G3gh2B5M and G32B12gh5M, respectively), were synthesized, characterized and tested in vitro against cancer cells: U-118 MG glioma, SCC-15 squamous carcinoma, and BJ normal human fibroblasts growth, as well as against C. elegans development. α-Mangostin cytotoxicity, stronger than that of Vadimezan, was increased (by 2.5–9-fold) by conjugation with the PAMAM dendrimer (with the amide-linking being slightly more effective), and the strongest effect was observed with SCC-15 cells. Similar enhancement of toxicity resulting from the drug conjugation was observed with C. elegans. Vadimezan (up to 200 µM), as well as both its dendrimer conjugates, was not toxic against both the studied cells and nematodes. It showed an antiproliferative effect against cancer cells at concentrations ≥100 µM. This effect was significantly enhanced after conjugation of the drug with the dendrimer via the amide, but not the ester bond, with G32B12gh5V inhibiting the proliferation of SCC-15 and U-118 MG cells at concentrations ≥4 and ≥12 μM, respectively, without a visible effect in normal BJ cells. Thus, the drug delivery system based on the PAMAM G3 dendrimer containing amide bonds, partially-blocked amino groups on the surface, larger particle diameter and higher zeta potential can be a useful tool to improve the biological properties of transported drug molecules.
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Silva-Castro LF, Derbré S, Le Ray AM, Richomme P, García-Sosa K, Peña-Rodriguez LM. Using 13 C-NMR dereplication to aid in the identification of xanthones present in the stem bark extract of Calophyllum brasiliense. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:1102-1109. [PMID: 33938065 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Xanthones are metabolites with a variety of biological properties. The Clusiaceae family, which until recently included the genus Calophyllum, is recognised for its production of monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated xanthones. Presently, C. brasiliense is the only Calophyllum spp. known to occur in the Yucatan peninsula. OBJECTIVE To use a combination of traditional phytochemical methods and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13 C-NMR) dereplication analysis to identify xanthones in the stem bark of C. brasiliense. MATERIAL AND METHODS Initial fractionation and purification of the stem bark extract of C. brasiliense produced macluraxanthone (1). Additional xanthones, together with chromanones and terpenoids, were identified using 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis in different semipurified fractions obtained from the low and medium polarity fractions of the stem bark extract of C. brasiliense. RESULTS Initial identification of macluraxanthone (1) was confirmed by 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis; additionally, 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis allowed the identification of a number of monohydroxylated and polyhydroxylated xanthones, together with chromanones and terpenoids. CONCLUSION This study confirms C. brasiliense as a rich source of xanthones and the 13 C-NMR dereplication analysis as a suitable method to quickly identify the presence of different families of secondary metabolites in semipurified fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Séverine Derbré
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Anne Marie Le Ray
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Richomme
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Karlina García-Sosa
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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See I, Ee GCL, Jong VYM, Teh SS, Acuña CLC, Mah SH. Cytotoxic activity of phytochemicals from Garcinia mangostana L. and G. benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly against breast cancer cells. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:6184-6189. [PMID: 33094642 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1836629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Four xanthones, α-mangostin (1), β-mangostin (2), mangostenol (3), mangaxanthone B (4), three benzophenones, mangaphenone (5), benthamianone (6), congestiflorone (7) and one sterol, stigmasterol (8) were isolated from the stem barks of Garcinia mangostana L. and G. benthamiana (Planch. & Triana) Pipoly. Compounds 1, 2, 4 and 5 exhibited significant cytotoxicity through MTT assay towards MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with the IC50 values range from 4.4 to 12.0 µM. Remarkably, mangaphenone (5) showed non-cytotoxicity against normal Vero cells, revealing its potential as lead compound for anti-breast cancer drug. Structure-activity relationship postulated that the prenyl and hydroxyl groups present in xanthones are important in promoting anti-proliferative effects. Molecular docking simulation study of 1, 2, 4 and 5 with 2OCF and 4PIV implied that the induction of apoptosis for both cancer cells involve ER and FAS signaling pathways. Future study on the lead optimization of 5 is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene See
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vivien Yi Mian Jong
- Centre of Applied Science Studies, Universiti Technology MARA, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Soek Sin Teh
- Energy and Environment, Engineering & Processing Division, Malaysia Palm Oil Board, Bangi Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Carlos L Céspedes Acuña
- Phytochemical Ecology Lab, Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Basic Sciences Department, University of Bio Bio, Chillan, Chile
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.,Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ng IMJ, Mah SH, Chua CLL. Immuno-modulatory effects of macluraxanthone on macrophage phenotype and function. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5409-5414. [PMID: 32508145 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1775223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macluraxanthone was previously reported to have many biological activities, including anti-cholinesterase, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the current study was to further characterise the effect of macluraxanthone on human macrophage, a type of immune cell that has been implicated in the development of various inflammatory diseases. The expression of surface markers and cytokine production by THP-1 human macrophages following treatment with macluraxanthone were investigated. Macluraxanthone was shown to promote polarisation of M1-like pro-inflammatory macrophages by increasing the percentage of macrophages expressing CD86, while decreasing their CD14, CD11b and CD80 expression. However, in the presence of the pro-inflammatory stimulus lipopolysaccharide, macluraxanthone significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-10 cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida May Jen Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Caroline Lin Lin Chua
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Hoshino T, Matsuzawa SI, Takahashi R. 6-Deoxyjacareubin, a natural compound preventing hypoxia-induced cell death, ameliorates neurodegeneration in a mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurosci Res 2020; 163:43-51. [PMID: 32145212 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) uses a significant amount of oxygen for energy production. Decreased oxygen supply due to impaired blood supply critically damages the CNS. As chronic hypoxic conditions have diverse effects via the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, protection from hypoxic damage is important for cell survival. Recent studies have revealed that various markers of hypoxia are altered in age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), indicating the involvement of hypoxia. However, therapeutic strategies targeting hypoxia-induced pathways in ALS have not been developed yet. We previously screened small-molecule compounds that inhibit hypoxia-induced cell death and identified 6-deoxyjacareubin. We hypothesized that the modulation of hypoxia signaling by 6-deoxyjacareubin might protect motor neurons in ALS. Here, we show that 6-deoxyjacareubin indeed ameliorates neurodegeneration in a mouse model of familial ALS. Administration of 6-deoxyjacareubin to this familial ALS model significantly attenuated disease progression and improved locomotor dysfunction. We also found that 6-deoxyjacareubin reduced motor neuron loss and glial activation. Our results indicate that 6-deoxyjacareubin might serve as a potential therapeutic tool for ALS. Moreover, these results suggest that modulation of hypoxia signaling pathways provides a promising strategy to develop therapies for other types of neurodegenerative diseases also characterized by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Hoshino
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Matsuzawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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Zamakshshari NH, Ee GCL, Ismail IS, Ibrahim Z, Mah SH. Cytotoxic xanthones isolated from Calophyllum depressinervosum and Calophyllum buxifolium with antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110800. [PMID: 31479710 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The stem bark of Calophyllum depressinervosum and Calophyllum buxifolium were extracted and examined for their antioxidant activities, together with cytotoxicity towards human cancer cells. The methanol extract of C. depressinervosum exhibited good DPPH and NO scavenging effects. The strongest BCB inhibition and FIC effects were shown by dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of both species. Overall, DPPH, FRAP and FIC assays showed strong correlation with TPC. For cytotoxicity, hexane extract of C. depressinervosum possessed the strongest anti-proliferative activities towards SNU-1 cells while the hexane extract of C. buxifolium showed the strongest activity towards LS-174T and K562 cells with the IC50 values ranging from 7 to 17 μg/mL. The purification of plant extracts afforded eight xanthones, ananixanthone (1), caloxanthone B (2), caloxanthone I (3), caloxanthone J (4) xanthochymone B (5), thwaitesixanthone (6), 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone (7) and dombakinaxanthone (8). All the xanthones, except 1 were reported for the first time from both Calophyllum species. The xanthones were examined for their cytotoxic effect against K562 leukemic cells. Compounds 1 and 2 showed strong cytotoxicity with the IC50 values of 2.96 and 1.23 μg/mL, respectively. The molecular binding interaction of 2 was further investigated by performing molecular docking study with promising protein receptor Src kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Hisam Zamakshshari
- Centre for Natural Product Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Wellness Research Cluster, Jalan Universiti, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zalikha Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 1, Jalan Taylor's, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ren Y, Carcache de Blanco EJ, Fuchs JR, Soejarto DD, Burdette JE, Swanson SM, Kinghorn AD. Potential Anticancer Agents Characterized from Selected Tropical Plants. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:657-679. [PMID: 30830783 PMCID: PMC6441492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants are well known for their value in affording clinically useful anticancer agents, with such compounds acting against cancer cells by a range of mechanisms of action. There remains a strong interest in the discovery and development of plant secondary metabolites as additional cancer chemotherapeutic lead compounds. In the present review, progress on the discovery of plant-derived compounds of the biflavonoid, lignan, sesquiterpene, steroid, and xanthone structural types is presented. Several potential anticancer leads of these types have been characterized from tropical plants collected in three countries as part of our ongoing collaborative multi-institutional project. Preliminary structure-activity relationships and work on in vivo testing and cellular mechanisms of action are also discussed. In addition, the relevant work reported by other groups on the same compound classes is included herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Esperanza J. Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Djaja D. Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Science and Education, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Steven M. Swanson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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Evaluation of nitric oxide inhibition effect in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages by phytochemical constituents from Mesua beccariana, Mesua congestiflora, and Mesua ferrea. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cai N, Xie SJ, Qiu DB, Jia CC, Du C, Liu W, Chen JJ, Zhang Q. Potential effects of α-mangostin in the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Genovese S, Fiorito S, Taddeo VA, Epifano F. Recent developments in the pharmacology of prenylated xanthones. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1814-1819. [PMID: 27596926 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Prenylated xanthones are secondary metabolites that are particularly common in plants belonging to the Clusiaceae family. Such compounds have been the focus intensive research because of their potential as biologically active agents. Here, we survey data published over the past decade relating to the properties of prenylated xanthones to provide a more detailed view of the potential of these naturally occurring compounds as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
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Teh SS, Ee GCL, Mah SH, Ahmad Z. Structure–activity relationship study of secondary metabolites from Mesua beccariana, Mesua ferrea and Mesua congestiflora for anti-cholinesterase activity. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rouger C, Derbré S, Charreau B, Pabois A, Cauchy T, Litaudon M, Awang K, Richomme P. Lepidotol A from Mesua lepidota Inhibits Inflammatory and Immune Mediators in Human Endothelial Cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2187-2197. [PMID: 26301802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation on the fruits of Mesua lepidota (Calophyllaceae) led to the isolation of seven new phenylcoumarin derivatives named lepidotols A-E (1-5) and lepidotins A and B (6, 7). These structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods including UV, NMR, and HRMS. Lepidotol A (1), the major compound, was evaluated for its inhibitory effect on inflammation and immunity using endothelial cell-based cellular assays. At 10 μM, 1 exhibited an anti-inflammatory activity, with a significant inhibition of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression induced by tumor necrosis factor-α. Lepidotol A also showed a mild immunosuppressive effect, with inhibition of the major histocompatibility complex molecules, namely, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and HLA-E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Rouger
- EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers , Angers, France
| | - Séverine Derbré
- EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers , Angers, France
| | - Béatrice Charreau
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie , LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN , Nantes, France
- Faculté de Médecine, LUNAM, Université de Nantes , Nantes, France
| | - Angélique Pabois
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie , LabEx IGO and LabEx Transplantex, Nantes, France
- CHU de Nantes, Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie, ITUN , Nantes, France
- Faculté de Médecine, LUNAM, Université de Nantes , Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Cauchy
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR6200, Université d'Angers , Angers, France
| | - Marc Litaudon
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) , CNRS, LabEx CEBA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Khalijah Awang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pascal Richomme
- EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, Université d'Angers , Angers, France
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18
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Noysang C, Mahringer A, Zeino M, Saeed M, Luanratana O, Fricker G, Bauer R, Efferth T. Cytotoxicity and inhibition of P-glycoprotein by selected medicinal plants from Thailand. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:633-641. [PMID: 24929106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thai medicine has a long tradition of tonifying medicinal plants. In the present investigation, we studied the flower extracts of Jasminum sambac, Mammea siamensis, Mesua ferrea, Michelia alba, Mimusops elengi, and Nelumbo nucifera and speculated that these plants might influence metabolism and substance flow in the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolation of porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (PBCECs) as well as multidrug-resistance CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells, MDA-M;B-231 breast cancer, U-251 brain tumor, and HCT-116 colon cancer cells were used. The calcein-acetoxymethylester (AM) assay was used to measure inhibition of P-glycoprotein transport. XTT and resazurin assays served for measuring cytotoxicity. RESULTS The extracts revealed cytotoxicity towards CCRF-CEM leukemia cells to a different extent. The strongest growth inhibition was found for the n-hexane extracts of Mammea siamensis and Mesua ferrea, and the dichloromethane extracts of Mesua ferrea and Michelia alba. The flower extracts also inhibited P-glycoprotein function in porcine brain capillary endothelial cells and CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells, indicating modulation of the blood-brain barrier and multidrug resistance of tumors. Bioactivity-guided isolation of coumarins from Mammea siamensis flowers revealed considerable cytotoxicity of mammea A/AA, deacetylmammea E/BA and deacetylmammea E/BB towards human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer, U-251 brain tumor, HCT-116 colon cancer, and CCRF-CEM leukemia cells. CONCLUSION The plants analyzed may be valuable in developing novel treatment strategies to overcome the blood-brain barrier and multidrug-resistance in tumor cells mediated by P-glycoprotein.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Blood-Brain Barrier/drug effects
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Brain/blood supply
- Brain/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Flowers
- Humans
- Medicine, East Asian Traditional
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Swine
- Thailand
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanai Noysang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thayaburi, Phathumthani, Thailand
| | - Anne Mahringer
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maen Zeino
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed Saeed
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Omboon Luanratana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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In vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Mesua beccariana (Baill.) Kosterm., Mesua ferrea Linn., and Mesua congestiflora extracts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:517072. [PMID: 24089682 PMCID: PMC3780478 DOI: 10.1155/2013/517072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro cytotoxicity tests on the extracts of Mesua beccariana, M. ferrea, and M. congestiflora against Raji, SNU-1, HeLa, LS-174T, NCI-H23, SK-MEL-28, Hep-G2, IMR-32, and K562 were achieved using MTT assay. The methanol extracts of Mesua beccariana showed its potency towards the proliferation of B-lymphoma cell (Raji). In addition, only the nonpolar to semipolar extracts (hexane to ethyl acetate) of the three Mesua species indicated cytotoxic effects on the tested panel of human cancer cell lines. Antioxidant assays were evaluated using DPPH scavenging radical assay and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The methanol extracts of M. beccariana and M. ferrea showed high antioxidant activities with low EC₅₀ values of 12.70 and 9.77 μg/mL, respectively, which are comparable to that of ascorbic acid (EC₅₀ = 5.62 μg/mL). Antibacterial tests were carried out using four Gram positive and four Gram negative bacteria on Mesua beccariana extracts. All the extracts showed negative results in the inhibition of Gram negative bacteria. Nevertheless, methanol extracts showed some activities against Gram positive bacteria which are Bacillus cereus, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), while the hexane extract also contributed some activities towards Bacillus cereus.
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