1
|
Dorneles MS, de Azevedo ES, Noreña CPZ. Effect of incorporating modified pinhão starch in alginate-based hydrogel beads for encapsulation of bioactive compounds by hydrodynamic electrospray ionization jetting. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131555. [PMID: 38615858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Known for its antioxidant properties, Araucaria angustifolia bracts extract was encapsulated using hydrodynamic electrospray ionization jetting within calcium alginate cross-linked hydrogel beads with varying contents of modified pinhão starch. The rheological properties of the dispersions and analysis of the physicochemical and digestive properties of encapsulated beads were studied. The results demonstrated that dispersions containing starch exhibited higher viscosity and reduced compliance values, indicating samples with stronger, more compact, and stable structures that are less susceptible to deformation. This was confirmed by the beads rupture strength test. The ATR-FTIR analysis suggest that no new chemical bonds were formed, with encapsulation being responsible only for physical interactions between the functional groups of the polymers used and the active groups of the compounds present in the extract. The thermal stability of starch-containing beads was higher. Total tannins were higher in beads containing starch, with 53.61 %, 56.83 %, and 66.99 % encapsulation yield for samples with 2 %, 4 %, and 6 % starch, respectively, and the remaining antioxidant activity ranged from 96.04 % to 81.08 %. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion simulation indicated that the highest releases occurred in the intestinal phase, ranging from 60.72 % to 63.50 % for the release of total phenolic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Santos Dorneles
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Silva de Azevedo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caciano Pelayo Zapata Noreña
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lopes MM, Oliveira-Paiva CAD, Farinas CS. Modification of pectin/starch-based beads with additives to improve Bacillus subtilis encapsulation for agricultural applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125646. [PMID: 37394222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of Bacillus as biofertilizer is a sustainable strategy to increase agricultural productivity, but it still requires the development of formulations to protect cells from stressful conditions. Ionotropic gelation using a pectin/starch matrix is a promising encapsulation strategy to achieve this goal. By incorporating additives such as montmorillonite (MMT), attapulgite (ATP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), the properties of these encapsulated products could be further improved. In this study, we investigated the influence of these additives on the properties of pectin/starch-based beads for the encapsulation of Bacillus subtilis. FTIR analysis indicated pectin and Ca2+ ions interactions, while the XRD showed good dispersion of clays in the materials. SEM and X-ray microtomography revealed differences in the morphology of the beads due to the use of the additives. The viabilities at the encapsulation were higher than 1010 CFU g-1 for all formulations, with differences in the release profiles. In terms of cell protection, the pectin/starch, pectin/starch-MMT and pectin/starch-CMC formulations showed the highest cell viability after exposure to fungicide, while the pectin/starch-ATP beads showed the best performance after UV exposure. Moreover, all formulations maintained more than 109 CFU g-1 after six months of storage, which meets values required for microbial inoculants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Momesso Lopes
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Sanchez Farinas
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Orellana-Palma P, Macias-Bu L, Carvajal-Mena N, Petzold G, Guerra-Valle M. Encapsulation of Concentrated Solution Obtained by Block Freeze Concentration in Calcium Alginate and Corn Starch Calcium Alginate Hydrogel Beads. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050374. [PMID: 37232964 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A model (sucrose and gallic acid) solution was concentrated by block freeze concentration (BFC) at three centrifugation cycles, and the solutions were encapsulated in calcium alginate and corn starch calcium alginate hydrogel beads. Static and dynamic tests determined the rheological behavior, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) established thermal and structural properties, and the release kinetics was evaluated under in vitro simulated digestion experiment. The highest efficiency encapsulation value was close to 96%. As the concentrated solution increased in terms of solutes and gallic acid, the solutions were fitted to the Herschel-Bulkley model. Moreover, from the second cycle, the solutions exhibited the highest values of storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), contributing to form a more stable encapsulation. The FTIR and DSC results demonstrated strong interactions between corn starch and alginate, establishing a good compatibility and stability in the bead formation. The kinetic release model under in vitro conditions was fitted to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, demonstrating the significant stability of the model solutions inside the beads. Therefore, the present study proposes a clear and precise definition for the elaboration of liquid foods obtained by BFC and its incorporation inside an edible material that facilitates the controlled release in specific sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Orellana-Palma
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Campus Andrés Bello, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1720010, Chile
| | - Loren Macias-Bu
- Facultad de Ciencias Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Agricultura, Catacamas 16201, Honduras
| | - Nailín Carvajal-Mena
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Campus Fernando May, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Guillermo Petzold
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Campus Fernando May, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Maria Guerra-Valle
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Campus Concepción, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saberi Riseh R, Hassanisaadi M, Vatankhah M, Kennedy JF. Encapsulating biocontrol bacteria with starch as a safe and edible biopolymer to alleviate plant diseases: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 302:120384. [PMID: 36604062 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Healthy foods with few artificial additives are in high demand among consumers. Preserving conventional pesticides, frequently used as chemicals to control phytopathogens, is challenging. Therefore, we proposed an innovative approach to protect agricultural products in this review. Biocontrol bacteria are safe alternatives with low stability and low efficiency in the free-form formulation. The encapsulation technique for covering active compounds (e.g., antimicrobials) represents a more efficient protection technology because encapsulation causes the controlled release of bioactive materials and reduces the application doses. Of the biopolymers able to form a capsule, starch exhibits several advantages, such as its ready availability, cost-effectively, edible, colorless, and tasteless. Nevertheless, the poor mechanical properties of starch can be improved with other edible biopolymers. In addition, applying formulations incorporated with more than one antimicrobial material offers synergistic effects. This review presented the starch-based capsules used to enclose antimicrobial agents as effective tools against phytopathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roohallah Saberi Riseh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Imam Khomeini Square, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran.
| | - Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Imam Khomeini Square, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran; Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, 7618411764 Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Vatankhah
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Imam Khomeini Square, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories Ltd, WR15 8FF Tenbury Wells, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mancera-López ME, Barrera-Cortés J, Mendoza-Serna R, Ariza-Castolo A, Santillan R. Polymeric Encapsulate of Streptomyces Mycelium Resistant to Dehydration with Air Flow at Room Temperature. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010207. [PMID: 36616556 PMCID: PMC9823993 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation is one of the technologies applied for the formulation of biological control agents. The function of the encapsulating matrix is to protect the biological material from environmental factors, while dehydration allows for its viability to be prolonged. An advantage of dehydrated encapsulation formulations is that they can be stored for long periods. However, vegetative cells require low-stress dehydration processes to prevent their loss of viability. Herein we describe the fabrication of a dehydrated encapsulate of the Streptomyces CDBB1232 mycelium using sodium alginate with a high concentration of mannuronic acid; sodium alginate was added with YGM medium for mycelium protection purposes. The encapsulation was carried out by extrusion, and its dehydration was carried out in a rotating drum fed with air at room temperature (2-10 L min-1). The drying of the capsules under air flows higher than 4 L min-1 led to viability loss of the mycelium. The viability loss can be decreased up to 13% by covering the alginate capsules with gum arabic. Compared to conventional dehydration processes, air moisture removal can be lengthy, but it is a low-cost method with the potential to be scaled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Mancera-López
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Zacatenco Unit, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Josefina Barrera-Cortés
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Zacatenco Unit, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5557473800 (ext. 4380)
| | - Roberto Mendoza-Serna
- Career of Chemical Engineering, Multidisciplinary Experimental Research Unit (UMIEZ), Faculty of Higher Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - Armando Ariza-Castolo
- Chemistry Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Zacatenco Unit, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Chemistry Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Zacatenco Unit, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saberi Riseh R, Hassanisaadi M, Vatankhah M, Soroush F, Varma RS. Nano/microencapsulation of plant biocontrol agents by chitosan, alginate, and other important biopolymers as a novel strategy for alleviating plant biotic stresses. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1589-1604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
7
|
Feng J, Dou J, Wu W. Development of biochar-impregnated alginate beads for the delivery of biocontrol agents for peanut aflatoxin. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:1487-1500. [PMID: 35679201 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2085888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The competitive inhibition of aflatoxigenic fungi by non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus has proved to be an effective method to prevent and control peanut aflatoxin contamination, and most of the currently used inoculum carriers are grains. In this study, the reliability and efficiency of replacing grain kernels with novel chitosan-coated alginate-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) beads impregnated with biochar (CSACB) were evaluated. Characterisation of the beads was performed by SEM, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and swelling properties analyses. The optimised CSACB beads had good physical stability, shelf life, and entrapment efficiency. In addition, the water-holding capacity and porous structure were excellent, as the biochar provided a beneficial microenvironment for the attachment and microbial growth of the biocontrol fungus. The effect of reducing aflatoxin in peanuts was verified experimentally. Collectively, the novel CSACB beads are suitable carriers of non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus for the biocontrol of peanut aflatoxin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachang Feng
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jianpeng Dou
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenfu Wu
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Singh G, Ramadass K, Sooriyakumar P, Hettithanthri O, Vithange M, Bolan N, Tavakkoli E, Van Zwieten L, Vinu A. Nanoporous materials for pesticide formulation and delivery in the agricultural sector. J Control Release 2022; 343:187-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
9
|
Tailoring Alginate/Chitosan Microparticles Loaded with Chemical and Biological Agents for Agricultural Application and Production of Value-Added Foods. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews the recent development of biopolymer-based delivery systems for agricultural application. Encapsulation into biopolymer microparticles ensures the protection and targeted delivery of active agents while offering controlled release with higher efficiency and environmental safety for ecological and sustainable plant production. Encapsulation of biological agents provides protection and increases its survivability while providing an environment safe for growth. The application of microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents presents an innovative way to stimulate plant metabolites synthesis. This enhances plants’ defense against pests and pathogens and results in the production of higher quality food (i.e., higher plant metabolites share). Ionic gelation was presented as a sustainable method in developing biopolymeric microparticles based on the next-generation biopolymers alginate and chitosan. Furthermore, this review highlights the advantages and disadvantages of advanced formulations against conventional ones. The significance of plant metabolites stimulation and their importance in functional food production is also pointed out. This review offers guidelines in developing biopolymeric microparticles loaded with chemical and biological agents and guidelines for the application in plant production, underlining its effect on the plant metabolites synthesis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kaale L, Kimanya M, Macha I, Mlalila N. Aflatoxin contamination and recommendations to improve its control: a review. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin producing fungi cause contamination of food and feed resulting in health hazards and economic loss. It is imperative to develop workable control measures throughout the food chain to prevent and reduce aflatoxin contamination. This is a critical review of contemporary published papers in the field. It is a review of reports from the original aflatoxin researches conducted on foods, from 2015-2020. Most of the reports show high aflatoxin contaminations in food at levels that exceed a regulatory limit of 20 μg/kg and 4 μg/kg set for foods for human consumption in the USA and European Union, respectively. The highest aflatoxin concentration (3,760 μg/kg) was observed in maize. Some of the strategies being deployed in aflatoxin control include application of biocontrol agents, specifically of Aflasafe™, development of resistant crop varieties, and application of other good agricultural practices. We recommend the adoption of emerging technologies such as combined methods technology (CMT) or hurdle technology, one health concept (OHC), improved regulations, on-line monitoring of aflatoxins, and creative art intervention (CAI) to prevent or restrict the growth of target aflatoxin causative fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L.D. Kaale
- University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 35134, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - M.E. Kimanya
- School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - I.J. Macha
- University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, P.O. Box 35131, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - N. Mlalila
- University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 35134, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, P.O. Box 2847, Dodoma, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Olayemi OJ, Apeji YE, Isimi CY. Formulation and Evaluation of Cyperus esculentus (Tiger Nut) Starch-Alginate Microbeads in the Oral Delivery of Ibuprofen. J Pharm Innov 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-020-09509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
12
|
Recent advances in biodegradable matrices for active ingredient release in crop protection: Towards attaining sustainability in agriculture. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 48:121-136. [PMID: 33013179 PMCID: PMC7509166 DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Climate changes, emerging species of plant pests, and deficits of clean water and arable land have made availability of food to the ever-increasing global population a challenge. Excessive use of synthetic pesticides to meet ever-increasing production needs has resulted in development of resistance in pest populations, as well as significant ecotoxicity, which has directly and indirectly impacted all life-forms on earth. To meet the goal of providing safe, sufficient, and high-quality food globally with minimal environmental impact, one strategy is to focus on targeted delivery of pesticides using eco-friendly and biodegradable carriers that are derived from naturally available materials. Herein, we discuss some of the recent approaches to use biodegradable matrices in crop protection, while exploring their design and efficiency. We summarize by discussing associated challenges with the existing approaches and future trends that can lead the world to more sustainable agricultural practices. Providing food safety and security is critical for the growing global population. Crop yield is affected by various biotic and abiotic factors. Targeted/sustained delivery of agrochemicals reduces excessive use of pesticides. Nature-derived biodegradable materials curtail plant health and environmental harm. Biodegradable matrices hold promise for sustainable crop protection.
Collapse
|
13
|
Singh A, Dhiman N, Kar AK, Singh D, Purohit MP, Ghosh D, Patnaik S. Advances in controlled release pesticide formulations: Prospects to safer integrated pest management and sustainable agriculture. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121525. [PMID: 31740313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As the world is striving hard towards sustainable agricultural practices for a better tomorrow, one of the primary focuses is on effective pest management for enhanced crop productivity. Despite newer and potent chemicals as pesticides, there are still substantial crop losses, and if by any means this loss can be tackled; it will alleviate unwanted excessive use of chemical pesticides. Scientific surveys have already established that pesticides are not being utilized by the crops completely rather a significant amount remains unused due to various limiting factors such as leaching and bioconversion, etc., resulting in an adverse effect on human health and ecosystems. Concerted efforts from scientific diaspora toward newer and innovative strategies are already showing promise, and one such viable approach is controlled release systems (CRS) of pesticides. Moreover, to bring these smart formulations within the domain of current pesticide regulatory framework is still under debate. It is thus, paramount to discuss the pros and cons of this new technology vis-à-vis the conventional agrarian methods. This review deliberates on the developmental updates in this innovative field from the past decades and also appraises the challenges encumbered. Additionally, critical information and the foreseeable research gaps in this emerging area are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Singh
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Nanomaterials Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Campus, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nitesh Dhiman
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Nanomaterials Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Campus, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Kar
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Nanomaterials Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Campus, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Nanomaterials Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahaveer Prasad Purohit
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Nanomaterials Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Campus, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debabrata Ghosh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Campus, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Immunotoxicolgy Laboratory, Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyakam Patnaik
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Nanomaterials Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Campus, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Feng J, Dou J, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Yin D, Wu W. Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Encapsulation and Controlled Release of Biocontrol Agents to Prevent Peanut Aflatoxin Contamination. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E547. [PMID: 32138229 PMCID: PMC7182945 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch, alginate, and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) were combined to prepare a semi-interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel with temperature sensitivity. Calcium chloride was used as cross-linking agent, the non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus spores were successfully encapsulated as biocontrol agents by the method of ionic gelation. Characterization of the hydrogel was performed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). Formulation characteristics, such as entrapment efficiency, beads size, swelling behavior, and rheological properties were evaluated. The optical and rheological measurements indicated that the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the samples was about 29-30 °C. TGA results demonstrated that the addition of kaolin could improve the thermal stability of the semi-IPN hydrogel. Morphological analysis showed a porous honeycomb structure on the surface of the beads. According to the release properties of the beads, the semi-IPN hydrogel beads containing kaolin not only have the effect of slow release before peanut flowering, but they also can rapidly release biocontrol agents after flowering begins. The early flowering stage of the peanut is the critical moment to apply biocontrol agents. Temperature-sensitive hydrogel beads containing kaolin could be considered as carriers of biocontrol agents for the control of aflatoxin in peanuts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wenfu Wu
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China; (J.F.); (J.D.); (Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (D.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lagogianni CS, Tsitsigiannis DI. Effective Biopesticides and Biostimulants to Reduce Aflatoxins in Maize Fields. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2645. [PMID: 31824451 PMCID: PMC6881375 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of ear rots in maize caused by Aspergillus flavus that are also associated with the production of aflatoxins has evolved into an increasing problem over the last few years. Since no commercial biological control products are still available to control A. flavus in maize in Europe, this study targets to the evaluation of six biopesticides/biostimulants (Botector®, Mycostop®, Serenade Max®, Trianum®, Vacciplant®, and zeolite) for the control of A. flavus and the derived aflatoxins in in vitro and maize field bioassays. Mycostop®, Serenade Max®, Vacciplant®, and zeolite reduced significantly A. flavus conidia production by 38.8–63.1%, and most of them were able to reduce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production in laboratory studies. Mycostop®, Trianum®, and Botector® were effective in reducing AFB1, in vitro. In the field, Mycostop® and Botector® treatments resulted in significant reduction of the disease severity (16.5 and 21.9%, respectively) and decreased significantly AFB1 content in maize kernels by 43.05 and 43.09%, respectively. For the first time, these results demonstrated the potential of commercial non-chemical products to suppress disease symptoms and aflatoxin content caused by A. flavus in maize under laboratory and field conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Lagogianni
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, School of Plant Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios I Tsitsigiannis
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, School of Plant Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chemical Analysis of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) and Its Effects on Redox Status and on Reproductive Biology in Stallions †. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101981. [PMID: 31126050 PMCID: PMC6571579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the chemical composition of Yellow Maca (Lepidium meyenii) and its biological activity on stallions following oral administration of hypocotyl powder. Maca was subjected to methanolic extraction and the chemical analysis was carried out by LC-MS-QTOF (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry). Our results showed that Maca contains some effective antioxidants, a high percentage of glucosinolates, and other important components with a high antioxidant capacity. To evaluate the plant biological activity in stallions fed with Maca powder for 60 days, the redox status and some reproductive parameters were investigated. Blood and semen samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, and 90 days from the beginning of this study. Blood samples showed a decrease of the reactive oxygen metabolites, evaluated by d-ROMs test, and an increase of the antioxidant barrier in terms of biological antioxidant potential (BAP test), powerful oxidant capacity (OXY-Adsorbent test), and thiols evaluation (-SHp test). Furthermore, semen samples showed a positive trend during Maca administration in the following parameters: ejaculate volumes and sperm concentrations, total and progressive motility, and acrosome integrity.
Collapse
|