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Géraud N, Falcou C, Parra J, Froment C, Rengel D, Burlet-Schiltz O, Marcoux J, Nigou J, Rivière M, Fabre E. Development of a novel target-based cell assay, reporter of the activity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein-O-mannosyltransferase. Glycobiology 2023; 33:1139-1154. [PMID: 37698262 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Protein-O-mannosyltransferase is crucial for the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis. This enzyme, called MtPMT (Rv1002c), is responsible for the post-translational O-mannosylation of mycobacterial proteins. It catalyzes the transfer of a single mannose residue from a polyprenol phospho-mannosyl lipidic donor to the hydroxyl groups of selected Ser/Thr residues in acceptor proteins during their translocation across the membrane. Previously, we provided evidence that the loss of MtPMT activity causes the absence of mannoproteins in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, severely impacting its intracellular growth, as well as a strong attenuation of its pathogenicity in immunocompromised mice. Therefore, it is of interest to develop specific inhibitors of this enzyme to better understand mycobacterial infectious diseases. Here we report the development of a "target-based" phenotypic assay for this enzyme, assessing its O-mannosyltransferase activity in bacteria, in the non-pathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis strain. Robustness of the quantitative contribution of this assay was evaluated by intact protein mass spectrometry, using a panel of control strains, overexpressing the MtPMT gene, carrying different key point-mutations. Then, screening of a limited library of 30 compounds rationally chosen allowed us to identify 2 compounds containing pyrrole analogous rings, as significant inhibitors of MtPMT activity, affecting neither the growth of the mycobacterium nor its secretion of mannoproteins. These molecular cores could therefore serve as scaffold for the design of new pharmaceutical agents that could improve treatment of mycobacterial diseases. We report here the implementation of a miniaturized phenotypic activity assay for a glycosyltransferase of the C superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Géraud
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UT3), 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Falcou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UT3), 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Parra
- Infrastructure nationale de protéomique, ProFI, 205 Rte de Narbonne, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Froment
- Infrastructure nationale de protéomique, ProFI, 205 Rte de Narbonne, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - David Rengel
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UT3), 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Infrastructure nationale de protéomique, ProFI, 205 Rte de Narbonne, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Marcoux
- Infrastructure nationale de protéomique, ProFI, 205 Rte de Narbonne, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UT3), 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Rivière
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UT3), 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Fabre
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UT3), 31400 Toulouse, France
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Gosain TP, Singh M, Singh C, Thakur KG, Singh R. Disruption of MenT2 toxin impairs the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in guinea pigs. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 36342835 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are abundantly present in the genomes of various bacterial pathogens. TA systems have been implicated in either plasmid maintenance or protection against phage infection, stress adaptation or disease pathogenesis. The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes for more than 90 TA systems and 4 of these belong to the type IV subfamily (MenAT family). The toxins and antitoxins belonging to type IV TA systems share sequence homology with the AbiEii family of nucleotidyl transferases and the AbiEi family of putative transcriptional regulators, respectively. Here, we have performed experiments to understand the role of MenT2, a toxin from the type IV TA system, in mycobacterial physiology and disease pathogenesis. The ectopic expression of MenT2 using inducible vectors does not inhibit bacterial growth in liquid cultures. Bioinformatic and molecular modelling analysis suggested that the M. tuberculosis genome has an alternative start site upstream of the annotated menT2 gene. The overexpression of the reannotated MenT2 resulted in moderate growth inhibition of Mycobacterium smegmatis. We show that both menT2 and menA2 transcript levels are increased when M. tuberculosis is exposed to nitrosative stress, in vitro. When compared to the survival of the wild-type and the complemented strain, the ΔmenT2 mutant strain of M. tuberculosis was more resistant to being killed by nitrosative stress. However, the survival of both the ΔmenT2 mutant and the wild-type strain was similar in macrophages and when exposed to other stress conditions. Here, we show that MenT2 is required for the establishment of disease in guinea pigs. Gross pathology and histopathology analysis of lung tissues from guinea pigs infected with the ∆menT2 strain revealed significantly reduced tissue damage and inflammation. In summary, these results provide new insights into the role of MenT2 in mycobacterial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannu Priya Gosain
- Infection and Immunology Group, Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad-121001, India
| | - Manisha Singh
- Infection and Immunology Group, Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad-121001, India
| | - Charandeep Singh
- Structural Biology Laboratory, G. N. Ramachandran Protein Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Krishan Gopal Thakur
- Structural Biology Laboratory, G. N. Ramachandran Protein Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh-160036, India
| | - Ramandeep Singh
- Infection and Immunology Group, Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad-121001, India
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Gordillo-Marroquín C, Sánchez-Pérez HJ, Gómez-Velasco A, Martín M, Guillén-Navarro K, Vázquez-Marcelín J, Gómez-Bustamante A, Jonapá-Gómez L, Alocilja EC. Tween 80 Improves the Acid-Fast Bacilli Quantification in the Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Colorimetric Biosensing Assay (NCBA). BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12010029. [PMID: 35049656 PMCID: PMC8773761 DOI: 10.3390/bios12010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite its reduced sensitivity, sputum smear microscopy (SSM) remains the main diagnostic test for detecting tuberculosis in many parts of the world. A new diagnostic technique, the magnetic nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensing assay (NCBA) was optimized by evaluating different concentrations of glycan-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (GMNP) and Tween 80 to improve the acid-fast bacilli (AFB) count. Comparative analysis was performed on 225 sputum smears: 30 with SSM, 107 with NCBA at different GMNP concentrations, and 88 with NCBA-Tween 80 at various concentrations and incubation times. AFB quantification was performed by adding the total number of AFB in all fields per smear and classified according to standard guidelines (scanty, 1+, 2+ and 3+). Smears by NCBA with low GMNP concentrations (≤1.5 mg/mL) showed higher AFB quantification compared to SSM. Cell enrichment of sputum samples by combining NCBA-GMNP, incubated with Tween 80 (5%) for three minutes, improved capture efficiency and increased AFB detection up to 445% over SSM. NCBA with Tween 80 offers the opportunity to improve TB diagnostics, mainly in paucibacillary cases. As this method provides biosafety with a simple and inexpensive methodology that obtains results in a short time, it might be considered as a point-of-care TB diagnostic method in regions where resources are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gordillo-Marroquín
- Health Department, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico;
- The Network GRAAL (Grups de Recerca d’America i Africa Llatines), El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico; (A.G.-V.); (M.M.)
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Nano-Biosensors Lab, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Social Observatory of Tuberculosis Mexico, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico
| | - Héctor J. Sánchez-Pérez
- Health Department, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico;
- The Network GRAAL (Grups de Recerca d’America i Africa Llatines), El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico; (A.G.-V.); (M.M.)
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Nano-Biosensors Lab, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Social Observatory of Tuberculosis Mexico, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico
- Correspondence: (H.J.S.-P.); (E.C.A.)
| | - Anaximandro Gómez-Velasco
- The Network GRAAL (Grups de Recerca d’America i Africa Llatines), El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico; (A.G.-V.); (M.M.)
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Nano-Biosensors Lab, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Human Ecology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Merida 97310, Mexico
| | - Miguel Martín
- The Network GRAAL (Grups de Recerca d’America i Africa Llatines), El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico; (A.G.-V.); (M.M.)
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito 170113, Ecuador
| | - Karina Guillén-Navarro
- Sustainability Sciences Department, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico;
| | - Janeth Vázquez-Marcelín
- Mycobacteriology Laboratory, TB Prevention and Control Program for the Highlands of Chiapas, Ministry of Health of Chiapas, San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico;
| | - Adriana Gómez-Bustamante
- State Public Health Laboratory for Chiapas, Ministry of Health of Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas 29040, Mexico; (A.G.-B.); (L.J.-G.)
| | - Letisia Jonapá-Gómez
- State Public Health Laboratory for Chiapas, Ministry of Health of Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas 29040, Mexico; (A.G.-B.); (L.J.-G.)
| | - Evangelyn C. Alocilja
- The Network GRAAL (Grups de Recerca d’America i Africa Llatines), El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas 29290, Mexico; (A.G.-V.); (M.M.)
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Nano-Biosensors Lab, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Nano-Biosensors Laboratory, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Correspondence: (H.J.S.-P.); (E.C.A.)
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Allué-Guardia A, García JI, Torrelles JB. Evolution of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains and Their Adaptation to the Human Lung Environment. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:612675. [PMID: 33613483 PMCID: PMC7889510 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.612675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, multi (MDR), extensively (XDR), extremely (XXDR) and total (TDR) drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) strains have emerged as a threat to public health worldwide, stressing the need to develop new tuberculosis (TB) prevention and treatment strategies. It is estimated that in the next 35 years, drug-resistant TB will kill around 75 million people and cost the global economy $16.7 trillion. Indeed, the COVID-19 pandemic alone may contribute with the development of 6.3 million new TB cases due to lack of resources and enforced confinement in TB endemic areas. Evolution of drug-resistant M.tb depends on numerous factors, such as bacterial fitness, strain's genetic background and its capacity to adapt to the surrounding environment, as well as host-specific and environmental factors. Whole-genome transcriptomics and genome-wide association studies in recent years have shed some insights into the complexity of M.tb drug resistance and have provided a better understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms. In this review, we will discuss M.tb phenotypic and genotypic changes driving resistance, including changes in cell envelope components, as well as recently described intrinsic and extrinsic factors promoting resistance emergence and transmission. We will further explore how drug-resistant M.tb adapts differently than drug-susceptible strains to the lung environment at the cellular level, modulating M.tb-host interactions and disease outcome, and novel next generation sequencing (NGS) strategies to study drug-resistant TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | | | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
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