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Abdelgawad MA, Oh JM, Parambi DG, Kumar S, Musa A, Ghoneim MM, Nayl A, El-Ghorab AH, Ahmad I, Patel H, Kim H, Mathew B. Development of bromo- and fluoro-based α, β-unsaturated ketones as highly potent MAO-B inhibitors for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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2
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Merde İB, Önel GT, Türkmenoğlu B, Gürsoy Ş, Dilek E. Pyridazinones containing the (4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine moiety as AChE/BChE inhibitors: design, synthesis, in silico and biological evaluation. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02968-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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3
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Alagöz MA, Oh JM, Zenni YN, Özdemir Z, Abdelgawad MA, Naguib IA, Ghoneim MM, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Kim H, Mathew B. Development of a Novel Class of Pyridazinone Derivatives as Selective MAO-B Inhibitors. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123801. [PMID: 35744926 PMCID: PMC9230784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen compounds (TR1-TR16) were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidase A and B (MAOs). Most of the derivatives showed potent and highly selective MAO-B inhibition. Compound TR16 was the most potent inhibitor against MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.17 μM, followed by TR2 (IC50 = 0.27 μM). TR2 and TR16 selectivity index (SI) values for MAO-B versus MAO-A were 84.96 and higher than 235.29, respectively. Compared to the basic structures, the para-chloro substituent in TR2 and TR16 increased the inhibitory activity of MAO-B. TR2 and TR16 were reversible MAO-B inhibitors that were competitive, with Ki values of 0.230 ± 0.004 and 0.149 ± 0.016 µM, respectively. The PAMPA method indicated that compounds TR2 and TR16 had the tendency to traverse the blood-brain barrier. Docking investigations revealed that lead compounds were beneficial for MAO-B inhibition via association with key as well as selective E84 or Y326 residues, but not for MAO-A inhibition via interaction primarily driven by hydrophobic contacts. In conclusion, TR2 and TR16 are therapeutic prospects for the management of multiple neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Abdullah Alagöz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (M.A.A.); (Y.N.Z.); (Z.Ö.)
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea;
| | - Yaren Nur Zenni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (M.A.A.); (Y.N.Z.); (Z.Ö.)
| | - Zeynep Özdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey; (M.A.A.); (Y.N.Z.); (Z.Ö.)
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim A. Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (N.G.); (O.N.)
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (N.G.); (O.N.)
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.K.); or (B.M.)
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India
- Correspondence: (H.K.); or (B.M.)
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Al-Ghorbani M, Gouda MA, Baashen M, Alharbi O, Almalki FA, Ranganatha LV. Piperazine Heterocycles as Potential Anticancer Agents: A Review. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mathew B, Oh JM, Abdelgawad MA, Khames A, Ghoneim MM, Kumar S, Nath LR, Sudevan ST, Parambi DGT, Agoni C, Soliman MES, Kim H. Conjugated Dienones from Differently Substituted Cinnamaldehyde as Highly Potent Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biochemistry, and Computational Chemistry. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8184-8197. [PMID: 35284720 PMCID: PMC8908507 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen multiconjugated dienones (MK1-MK15) were synthesized and evaluated to determine their inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidases (MAOs) A and B. All derivatives were found to be potent and highly selective MAO-B inhibitors. Compound MK6, with an IC50 value of 2.82 nM, most effectively inhibited MAO-B, like MK12 (IC50 = 3.22 nM), followed by MK5, MK13, and MK14 (IC50 = 4.02, 4.24, and 4.89 nM, respectively). The selectivity index values of MK6 and MK12 for MAO-B over MAO-A were 7361.5 and 1780.5, respectively. Compounds MK6 and MK12 were competitive reversible inhibitors of MAO-B, with K i values of 1.10 ± 0.20 and 3.0 ± 0.27 nM, respectively. Cytotoxic studies showed that MK5, MK6, MK12, and MK14 exhibited low toxicities on Vero cells, with IC50 values of 218.4, 149.1, 99.96, and 162.3 μg/mL, respectively, which were much higher than those for their effective nanomolar-level concentrations. Also, MK5, MK6, MK12, and MK14 decreased cell damage in H2O2-induced cells via a significant scavenging effect of reactive oxygen species. Molecular modeling was performed to rationalize the potential inhibitory activities of MK5, MK6, MK12, and MK14 toward MAO-B and their possible binding mechanisms, showing high-affinity binding pocket interactions and conformation perturbations of the compounds with MAO-B, which were interpreted as the conformational dynamics of MAO-B. This study concluded that all the compounds tested were more potent MAO-B inhibitors than the reference drugs, and leading compounds could be further explored for their effectiveness in various kinds of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
- ,
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department
of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Khames
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department
of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Lekshmi R. Nath
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Sachithra Thazhathuveedu Sudevan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Clement Agoni
- Molecular
Bio-Computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South
Africa
| | - Mahmoud E. S. Soliman
- Molecular
Bio-Computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South
Africa
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department
of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
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Rehuman N, Oh JM, Nath LR, Khames A, Abdelgawad MA, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Jat R, Kim H, Mathew B. Halogenated Coumarin-Chalcones as Multifunctional Monoamine Oxidase-B and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:28182-28193. [PMID: 34723016 PMCID: PMC8552465 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of halogenated coumarin-chalcones were synthesized, characterized, and their inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidases (MAOs), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) were evaluated. Compound CC2 most potently inhibited MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.51 μM, followed by CC1 (IC50 = 0.69 μM), with a selectivity index (SI) of >78.4 and >58.0, respectively, over MAO-A. However, none of the compounds effectively inhibited MAO-A, AChE, and BChE, except for CC2 and CC3 inhibiting BChE with IC50 values of 7.00 (SI > 5.73 over AChE) and 11.8 μM, respectively. CC1 and CC2 were found to be reversible and competitive inhibitors of MAO-B, with K i values of 0.50 ± 0.06 and 0.53 ± 0.04 μM, respectively, and CC2 was also a reversible and competitive inhibitor of BChE, with a K i value of 2.84 ± 0.09 μM. The parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) method showed that lead candidates can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The in vitro toxicity analysis on the Vero cell line (Normal African green monkey kidney epithelial cells) by MTT confirmed that both CC1 and CC2 were nontoxic up to 100 μg/mL, which is almost equivalent to 100 times of their effective concentration used in biological studies. In addition, CC1 and CC2 attenuated H2O2-induced cellular damage via their reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging effect. These results suggest that CC1 and CC2 are selective and competitive inhibitors of MAO-B, and that CC2 is a selective and competitive inhibitor of BChE. Molecular docking studies of lead compounds provided the possible type of interactions in the targeted enzymes. Based on the findings, both compounds, CC1 and CC2, can be considered plausible drug candidates against neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha
Abdul Rehuman
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. Joseph
Mar Thoma Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Alappuzha, Kerala 690503, India
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department
of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Lekshmi R. Nath
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682, India
| | - Ahmed Khames
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rakesh
Kumar Jat
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu 333001, India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department
of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India
- ,
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Uslu H, Osmaniye D, Sağlik BN, Levent S, Özkay Y, Benkli K, Kaplancikli ZA. Design, synthesis, in vitro, and in silico studies of 1,2,4-triazole-piperazine hybrid derivatives as potential MAO inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105430. [PMID: 34678603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) have become promising drug targets for the development of central nervous system agents. In recent research, it was shown that numerous piperazine derivatives exhibit hMAO inhibitory activity. Therefore, in this study, a novel series of 1,2,4-triazole-piperazine derivatives (5a-j) were designed, synthesized, characterized, and screened for their hMAO-A and hMAO-B inhibitory activities. When the ADME predictions were examined, it was seen that the pharmacokinetic profiles of all synthesized compounds were appropriate. Compounds 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5e, with H, F, Cl, and NO2 groups on the 4-position of the phenyl ring, respectively, showed important MAO-A inhibitory activity. Compound 5c was found to be the most effective agent among the synthesized compounds with an IC50 value of 0.070 ± 0.002 µM against the MAO-A enzyme. The synthesized compounds appear to support the results of other studies to design MAO inhibitors to obtain more suitable drugs, especially for neurological disorders such as depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Uslu
- Firat University, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey.
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Begüm Nurpelin Sağlik
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey; Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Benkli
- Badakbas Pharmacy, Altintepe Street Koknarli 6/C Maltepe, 34840 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancikli
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
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Mathew B, Oh JM, Baty RS, Batiha GES, Parambi DGT, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Kim H. Piperazine-substituted chalcones: a new class of MAO-B, AChE, and BACE-1 inhibitors for the treatment of neurological disorders. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:38855-38866. [PMID: 33743158 PMCID: PMC7980107 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Eleven piperazine-containing 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivatives (PC1-PC11) were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidases (MAOs), cholinesterases (ChEs), and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) with a view toward developing new treatments for neurological disorders. Compounds PC10 and PC11 remarkably inhibited MAO-B with IC50 values of 0.65 and 0.71 μM, respectively. Ten of the eleven compounds weakly inhibited AChE and BChE with > 50% of residual activities at 10 μM, although PC4 inhibited AChE by 56.6% (IC50 = 8.77 μM). Compound PC3 effectively inhibited BACE-1 (IC50 = 6.72 μM), and PC10 and PC11 moderately inhibited BACE-1 (IC50 =14.9 and 15.3 μM, respectively). Reversibility and kinetic studies showed that PC10 and PC11 were reversible and competitive inhibitors of MAO-B with Ki values of 0.63 ± 0.13 and 0.53 ± 0.068 μM, respectively. ADME predictions for lead compounds revealed that PC10 and PC11 have central nervous system (CNS) drug-likeness. Molecular docking simulations showed that fluorine atom and trifluoromethyl group on PC10 and PC11, respectively, interacted with the substrate cavity of the MAO-B active site. Our results suggested that PC10 and PC11 can be considered potential candidates for the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041, India.
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Roua S Baty
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jo, uf-2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Besada P, Viña D, Costas T, Costas-Lago MC, Vila N, Torres-Terán I, Sturlese M, Moro S, Terán C. Pyridazinones containing dithiocarbamoyl moieties as a new class of selective MAO-B inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105203. [PMID: 34371375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of potential MAO-B inhibitors was designed and synthesized in good yield by combining the pyridazinone moiety with the dithiocarbamate framework, two relevant pharmacophores for drug discovery. The biological results obtained for the different pyridazinone/dithiocarbamate hybrids (compounds 8-14) indicated that most of them reversibly and selectively inhibit the hMAO-B in vitro with IC50 values in the µM range and exhibit not significant cellular toxicity. The analogues 9a1, 11a1, 12a2, 12b1 and 12b2, which present the dithiocarbamate fragment derivatized with a piperidin-1-yl or pyrrolidin-1-yl group and placed at C3 or C4 of the diazine ring, were the most attractive compounds of these series. Molecular modeling studies were performed to analyze the binding mode to the enzyme and the structure activity relationships of the titled compounds, as well as to predict their drug-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Besada
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Orgánica, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Dolores Viña
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tamara Costas
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Orgánica, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - María Carmen Costas-Lago
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Orgánica, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Noemí Vila
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Orgánica, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, 36213 Vigo, Spain
| | - Iria Torres-Terán
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mattia Sturlese
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Carmen Terán
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Orgánica, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, 36213 Vigo, Spain.
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