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Li Q, Gao C, Shen X, Xing D. Graphene oxide-functionalized molecular beacon for real-time interference-free detection of Ki-67 mRNA in living cells. Talanta 2024; 278:126538. [PMID: 39002264 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Molecular beacons (MBs) based on hairpin-shaped oligonucleotides are captivating owing to their capability to enable effective real-time detection of cytosolic mRNA in living cells. However, DNase in the nucleus and lysosome could induce the degradation of oligonucleotides in MBs, leading to the generation of false-positive signals. Herein, a graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet was applied as a nanocarrier for MBs to greatly enhance the anti-interference of the easily designed nanoprobe. Advantageously, the absorption capacity of GO for MBs increased with the decrease in pH values, providing the MB-GO nanoprobe with the ability to detect the expression of cytosolic Ki-67 mRNA without interference from DNase Ⅱ in lysosomes. Moreover, the size of GO nanosheets was considerably higher than that of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which prevented nanoprobes from transition through the NPCs, thereby avoiding the generation of false-positive signals in the nucleus. Altogether, the present work affords a convenient approach for the successful detection of Ki-67 mRNA expression in the cytosol without interference from DNase Ⅰ/Ⅱ in the nucleus/lysosome, which may be potentially further applied for the detection of other cytosolic RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Cancer Institute, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Chihao Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China; Institute of High Performance Polymers, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Xin Shen
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China; Institute of High Performance Polymers, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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2
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Angizi S, Rahmati R, Hatamie A, Nobakht V, Simchi A. Two-Dimensional Nanorod-Shaped Co(II) Coordination Polymer on Three-Dimensional Metallic Foam: A Hybrid Platform for Electrochemical Oxidation of Glucose. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:17689-17698. [PMID: 39161300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
This study unveils a novel electrochemical biosensor for monitoring glucose in biological fluids by employing nanorods of a cobalt-bispyridyl/dicarboxylate framework grown in a layer-by-layer manner on a highly porous nickel substrate. The hybrid microporous system has a bicatalytic effect on glucose oxidation due to the synergistic catalytic impact of the nickel and cobalt ions with varying oxidation states as electroactive sites. In addition, the controlled growth of inorganic-organic frameworks changes the mechanism of electron transfer from a diffusion-controlled process to an adsorption-controlled process, thus yielding a low onset oxidation potential (∼0.21 V/Ag-AgCl) and a high current intensity (∼1 mA) for the oxidation of glucose in alkaline media. A fast response time (∼2 s) and a reasonably high sensitivity (0.14 μA μM-1) within a broad linear range (40-360 μM) have determined the suitability and superiority of the hybrid electrode for glucose monitoring compared to many metal-organic-based biosensors. The facile fabrication process of the Co(II) coordination polymer/Ni substrate with a large surface area that benefits from the synergetic catalytic activity of nickel-cobalt hybrids may pave the way for the development of novel hybrid electrodes for biosensors and direct glucose fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Angizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S4M1, Canada
| | - Reza Rahmati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Amir Hatamie
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Science (IASBS), No. 444, Prof. Yousef Sobouti Boulevard, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Valiollah Nobakht
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 6135743135, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Simchi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Hassan Akhtar M, Azhar Hayat Nawaz M, Abbas M, Liu N, Han W, Lv Y, Yu C. Advances in pH Sensing: From Traditional Approaches to Next-Generation Sensors in Biological Contexts. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300369. [PMID: 38953343 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
pH has been considered one of the paramount factors in bodily functions because most cellular tasks exclusively rely on precise pH values. In this context, the current techniques for pH sensing provide us with the futuristic insight to further design therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Thus, pH-sensing (electrochemically and optically) is rapidly evolving toward exciting new applications and expanding researchers' interests in many chemical contexts, especially in biomedical applications. The adaptation of cutting-edge technology is subsequently producing the modest form of these biosensors as wearable devices, which are providing us the opportunity to target the real-time collection of vital parameters, including pH for improved healthcare systems. The motif of this review is to provide insight into trending tech-based systems employed in real-time or in-vivo pH-responsive monitoring. Herein, we briefly go through the pH regulation in the human body to help the beginners and scientific community with quick background knowledge, recent advances in the field, and pH detection in real-time biological applications. In the end, we summarize our review by providing an outlook; challenges that need to be addressed, and prospective integration of various pH in vivo platforms with modern electronics that can open new avenues of cutting-edge techniques for disease diagnostics and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Hassan Akhtar
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hayat Nawaz
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS, University Islamabad, 54000, Lahore, Campus, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wenzhao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yan Lv
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Cong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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Ono T, Okuda S, Ushiba S, Kanai Y, Matsumoto K. Challenges for Field-Effect-Transistor-Based Graphene Biosensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:333. [PMID: 38255502 PMCID: PMC10817696 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Owing to its outstanding physical properties, graphene has attracted attention as a promising biosensor material. Field-effect-transistor (FET)-based biosensors are particularly promising because of their high sensitivity that is achieved through the high carrier mobility of graphene. However, graphene-FET biosensors have not yet reached widespread practical applications owing to several problems. In this review, the authors focus on graphene-FET biosensors and discuss their advantages, the challenges to their development, and the solutions to the challenges. The problem of Debye screening, in which the surface charges of the detection target are shielded and undetectable, can be solved by using small-molecule receptors and their deformations and by using enzyme reaction products. To address the complexity of sample components and the detection mechanisms of graphene-FET biosensors, the authors outline measures against nonspecific adsorption and the remaining problems related to the detection mechanism itself. The authors also introduce a solution with which the molecular species that can reach the sensor surfaces are limited. Finally, the authors present multifaceted approaches to the sensor surfaces that provide much information to corroborate the results of electrical measurements. The measures and solutions introduced bring us closer to the practical realization of stable biosensors utilizing the superior characteristics of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Ono
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okuda
- High Frequency & Optical Device Works, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 4-1 Mizuhara, Itami, Sendai 664-8641, Japan
| | - Shota Ushiba
- Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1-10-1 Higashikotari, Kyoto 617-8555, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kanai
- International Center for Synchrotron Radiation Innovation Smart, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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McGarrity M, Zhao F. Graphene-Based Chemiresistor Sensors for Drinking Water Quality Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9828. [PMID: 38139674 PMCID: PMC10747892 DOI: 10.3390/s23249828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the quality of drinking water is a crucial responsibility for all water infrastructure networks, as it guarantees access to clean water for the communities they serve. With water infrastructure deteriorating due to age and neglect, drinking water violations are on the rise in the US, underscoring the need for improved monitoring capabilities. Among the different sensor technologies, graphene-based chemiresistors have emerged as a promising technology for water quality monitoring due to advantages such as simple design, sensitivity, and selectivity. This review paper provides an overview of recent advances in the development of graphene-based chemiresistors for water quality monitoring, including principles of chemiresistive sensing, sensor design and functionalization, and performance of devices reported in the literature. The paper also discusses challenges and opportunities in the field and highlights future research directions. The development of graphene-based chemiresistors has the potential to revolutionize water quality monitoring by providing highly sensitive and cost-effective sensors that can be integrated into existing infrastructure for real-time monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Zhao
- Micro/Nanoelectronic and Energy Laboratory, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA;
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Akbar MA, Sharif O, Selvaganapathy PR, Kruse P. Identification and Quantification of Aqueous Disinfectants Using an Array of Carbon Nanotube-Based Chemiresistors. ACS APPLIED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2023; 1:3040-3052. [PMID: 38031538 PMCID: PMC10683762 DOI: 10.1021/acsaenm.3c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection of water is essential to prevent the growth of pathogens, but at high levels, it can cause harm to human health. Therefore, accurate monitoring of disinfectant concentrations in water is essential to ensure safe drinking water. The use of multiple disinfectants at different stages in water treatment plants makes it necessary to also identify the type and concentrations of all of the disinfectant species present. Here, we demonstrate an effective approach to identify and quantify multiple disinfectants (using the example of free chlorine and potassium permanganate) in water using single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based reagent-free chemiresistive sensing arrays. Facile fabrication of chemiresistive devices makes them a popular choice for the implementation of sensor arrays. Our sensing array consists of functionalized and unfunctionalized (blank) SWCNT sensors to distinguish the disinfectants. The distinct responses from the different sensors at varying concentrations and pH can be fitted to the mathematical model of a Langmuir adsorption isotherm separately for each sensor. Blank and functionalized sensors respond through different mechanisms that result in varying responses that are concentration- and pH-dependent. Chemometric techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to analyze the sensor data. PCA showed an excellent separation of the analytes over five different pHs (5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5). PLS-DA provided excellent separability as well as good predictability with a Q2 of 94.26% and an R2 of 95.67% for the five pH regions of the two analytes. This proof-of-concept solid-state chemiresistive sensing array can be developed for specific disinfectants that are commonly used in water treatment plants and can be deployed in water distribution and monitoring facilities. We have demonstrated the applicability of chemiresistive devices in a sensor array format for the first time for aqueous disinfectant monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ali Akbar
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Omar Sharif
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - P. Ravi Selvaganapathy
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Peter Kruse
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1, Canada
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Tseluikin V, Dzhumieva A, Yakovlev A, Tikhonov D, Tribis A, Strilets A, Lopukhova M. Electrodeposition and Properties of Composite Ni Coatings Modified with Multilayer Graphene Oxide. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1747. [PMID: 37763910 PMCID: PMC10537176 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Within the framework of this study, Ni-based composite electrochemical coatings (CECs) modified with multilayer graphene oxide (GO) processed using microwave radiation have been deposited. The process of these coatings' electrodeposition in the potentiodynamic mode has been studied. The structure of Ni-GO and Ni-GO (MW) CECs has been studied using X-ray phase analysis (XPA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).It has been shown that the addition of GO into a nickel deposit contributes to the formation of uniform fine-grained coatings. As a result, the microhardness of the Ni-GO (MW) CECs increases by 1.40 times compared to Ni without GO. The corrosion-electrochemical behavior of nickel CECs in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was researched. It was established that the corrosion rate of the nickel-GO (MW) CEC in 3.5% NaCl decreases by about 1.70 times in contrast to unmodified nickel coatings. This effect is due to the absence of agglomeration of the graphene oxide in the volume of the nickel matrix and the impermeability of GO particles to the corrosive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Tseluikin
- Engels Technological Institute, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Polytechnichskaya St., 77, 410054 Saratov, Russia; (A.D.); (A.Y.); (D.T.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
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Salverda M, Thiruppathi AR, Pakravan F, Wood PC, Chen A. Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphite to Graphene-Based Nanomaterials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248643. [PMID: 36557776 PMCID: PMC9783006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report on a new automated electrochemical process for the production of graphene oxide (GO) from graphite though electrochemical exfoliation. The effects of the electrolyte and applied voltage were investigated and optimized. The morphology, structure and composition of the electrochemically exfoliated GO (EGO) were probed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), FTIR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Important metrics such as the oxygen content (25.3 at.%), defect density (ID/IG = 0.85) and number of layers of the formed EGO were determined. The EGO was also compared with the GO prepared using the traditional chemical method, demonstrating the effectiveness of the automated electrochemical process. The electrochemical properties of the EGO, CGO and other carbon-based materials were further investigated and compared. The automated electrochemical exfoliation of natural graphite powder demonstrated in the present study does not require any binders; it is facile, cost-effective and easy to scale up for a large-scale production of graphene-based nanomaterials for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Salverda
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Antony Raj Thiruppathi
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Farnood Pakravan
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Peter C. Wood
- Zentek Ltd., 24 Corporate Court, Guelph, ON N1G 5G5, Canada
| | - Aicheng Chen
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Liu D, Yuan B. Editorial for Special Issue: "Preparation of Nanomaterial Modified Electrode and Its Sensing Application". NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4010. [PMID: 36432296 PMCID: PMC9693733 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors have attracted enormous attention for their precision, high sensitivity, rapid response, and ease-of-use for analysis [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Baiqing Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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