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Zhang N, Zhang K, Zou M, Maniyara RA, Bowen TA, Schrecengost JR, Jain A, Zhou D, Dong C, Yu Z, Liu H, Giebink NC, Robinson JA, Hu W, Huang S, Terrones M. Tuning the Fermi Level of Graphene by Two-Dimensional Metals for Raman Detection of Molecules. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8876-8884. [PMID: 38497598 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GERS) offers great opportunities to achieve optical sensing with a high uniformity and superior molecular selectivity. The GERS mechanism relies on charge transfer between molecules and graphene, which is difficult to manipulate by varying the band alignment between graphene and the molecules. In this work, we synthesized a few atomic layers of metal termed two-dimensional (2D) metal to precisely and deterministically modify the graphene Fermi level. Using copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) as a representative molecule, we demonstrated that tuning the Fermi level can significantly improve the signal enhancement and molecular selectivity of GERS. Specifically, aligning the Fermi level of graphene closer to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of CuPc results in a more pronounced Raman enhancement. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the charge density distribution reproduce the enhanced charge transfer between CuPc molecules and graphene with a modulated Fermi level. Extending our investigation to other molecules such as rhodamine 6G, rhodamine B, crystal violet, and F16CuPc, we showed that 2D metals enabled Fermi level tuning, thus improving GERS detection for molecules and contributing to an enhanced molecular selectivity. This underscores the potential of utilizing 2D metals for the precise control and optimization of GERS applications, which will benefit the development of highly sensitive, specific, and reliable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kunyan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Min Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Rinu Abraham Maniyara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Timothy Andrew Bowen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jonathon Ray Schrecengost
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Arpit Jain
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Da Zhou
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Chengye Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - He Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Noel C Giebink
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Joshua A Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Two-Dimensional Crystal Consortium, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengxi Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Two-Dimensional Crystal Consortium, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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2
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He S, Yang L, Xu T, Peng X, Chen Q, Li X, Yuan Y, Zuo C, Zhang X, Bai Z. A dense SERS substrate of the AgNPs@GO compound film for detecting homocysteine molecules. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5875-5884. [PMID: 37902496 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01396k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of a highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor for detecting homocysteine (Hcy) molecules. The Hcy sensor was created by depositing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto the surface of graphene oxide (GO) film to form a dense AgNPs@GO composite film. The AgNPs on the composite film interacted with sulfur atoms (S) of Hcy molecules to form Ag-S bonds, which boosted the chemisorption of Hcy molecules and enabled them to be specifically recognized. The SERS sensor exhibited a maximum enhancement factor of up to 1.1 × 104, with a reliable linear response range from 1 to 60 ng mL-1. The limit of detection (LOD) for Hcy molecules was as low as 1.1 × 10-9 M. Moreover, Hcy molecules were successfully distinguished in a mixed solution of γ-aminobutyric acid and Hcy molecules. In this study, a simple preparation process of SERS substrate and a novel detection method for Hcy molecules provided a new pathway for the rapid and effective detection of Hcy molecules in the food and biomedicine fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song He
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang City, 550002, China
- College of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China.
| | - Li Yang
- College of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Tianwen Xu
- College of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Xishun Peng
- College of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Qixin Chen
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Yiheng Yuan
- College of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Cheng Zuo
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Zhongchen Bai
- College of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Province Key Lab. for Photoelectric Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
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3
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Liang C, Sun K, Chen M, Xu P. Crystal-Phase Engineering of Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering: A Perspective. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11946-11953. [PMID: 37590920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as promising materials for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) due to their unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. In this Perspective, we briefly introduce the fundamental properties, crystal-phase configurations, and phase transition strategies of TMDs materials. We then discuss the importance of the crystal phase in determining the SERS effect of TMDs, highlighting recent advances in phase-engineering approaches to affording remarkable SERS performance. By considering the current challenges and future directions for improving the crystal-phase engineering of TMDs in SERS, we also offer new insights into the design and synthesis of more promising TMD-based SERS substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Liang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Sun
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Mengxin Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
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Chin JR, Frye MB, Liu DSH, Hilse M, Graham IC, Shallenberger J, Wang K, Engel-Herbert R, Wang M, Shin YK, Nayir N, van Duin ACT, Garten LM. Self-limiting stoichiometry in SnSe thin films. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:9973-9984. [PMID: 37272496 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00645j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Unique functionalities can arise when 2D materials are scaled down near the monolayer limit. However, in 2D materials with strong van der Waals bonds between layers, such as SnSe, maintaining stoichiometry while limiting vertical growth is difficult. Here, we describe how self-limiting stoichiometry can promote the growth of SnSe thin films deposited by molecular beam epitaxy. The Pnma phase of SnSe was stabilized over a broad range of Sn : Se flux ratios from 1 : 1 to 1 : 5. Changing the flux ratio does not affect the film stoichiometry, but influences the predominant crystallographic orientation. ReaxFF molecular dynamics (MD) simulation demonstrates that, while a mixture of Sn/Se stoichiometries forms initially, SnSe stabilizes as the cluster size evolves. The MD results further show that the excess selenium coalesces into Se clusters that weakly interact with the surface of the SnSe particles, leading to the limited stoichiometric change. Raman spectroscopy corroborates this model showing the initial formation of SnSe2 transitioning into SnSe as experimental film growth progresses. Transmission electron microscopy measurements taken on films deposited with growth rates above 0.25 Å s-1 show a thin layer of SnSe2 that disrupts the crystallographic orientation of the SnSe films. Therefore, using the conditions for self-limiting SnSe growth while avoiding the formation of SnSe2 was found to increase the lateral scale of the SnSe layers. Overall, self-limiting stoichiometry provides a promising avenue for maintaining growth of large lateral-scale SnSe for device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Chin
- The School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
| | - Marshall B Frye
- The School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
| | - Derrick Shao-Heng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Maria Hilse
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Ian C Graham
- The School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Shallenberger
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Roman Engel-Herbert
- Paul-Drude Institut für Festkörperelektronik Berlin, Leibniz-Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin eV., Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Yun Kyung Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Nadire Nayir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Physics Department, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, 70000, Turkey
| | - Adri C T van Duin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Lauren M Garten
- The School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
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5
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Jin J, Guo Z, Fan D, Zhao B. Spotting the driving forces for SERS of two-dimensional nanomaterials. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1087-1104. [PMID: 36629521 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01241c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials have become promising candidates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates due to their unique characteristics of ultrathin layer structure, outstanding optical properties and good biocompatibility, significantly contributing to remarkable SERS sensitivity, stability, and compatibility. Unlike traditional SERS substrates, 2D nanomaterials possess unparalleled layer-dependent, phase transition induced and anisotropic optical properties, which as driving forces significantly promote the SERS performance and development, as well as greatly enrich the SERS substrates and provide versatile resources for SERS research. For a profound understanding of the SERS effect of 2D nanomaterials, a review concentrating on these driving forces for SERS enhancement on 2D nanomaterials is written here for the first time, which strongly emphasizes the importance and influence of these driving forces on the SERS effect of 2D nanomaterials, including their intrinsic physical and chemical properties and external influencing factors. Moreover, the essential mechanisms of these driving forces for the SERS effect are also elaborated systematically. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of SERS substrates based on 2D nanomaterials are concluded. This review will provide guiding principles and strategies for designing highly sensitive 2D nanomaterial SERS substrates and extending their potential applications based on SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Zhinan Guo
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dianyuan Fan
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
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6
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Chen C, Zhang W, Duan P, Liu W, Shafi M, Hu X, Zhang C, Zhang C, Man B, Liu M. SERS enhancement induced by the Se vacancy defects in ultra-thin hybrid phase SnSe x nanosheets. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:37795-37814. [PMID: 36258361 DOI: 10.1364/oe.473965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Improving the photo-induced charge transfer (PICT) efficiency by adjusting the energy levels difference between adsorbed probe molecules and substrate materials is a key factor for boosting the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based on the chemical mechanism (CM). Herein, a new route to improve the SERS activity of two-dimensional (2D) selenium and tin compounds (SnSex, 1 ≤ x ≤ 2) by the hybrid phase materials is researched. The physical properties and the energy band structure of SnSex were analyzed. The enhanced SERS activity of 2D SnSex can be attribute to the coupling of the PICT resonance caused by the defect energy levels induced by Se vacancy and the molecular resonance Raman scattering (RRS). This established a relationship between the physical properties and SERS activity of 2D layered materials. The resonance probe molecule, rhodamine (R6G), which is used to detect the SERS performance of SnSex nanosheets. The enhancement factor (EF) of R6G on the optimized SnSe1.35 nanosheets can be as high as 2.6 × 106, with a detection limit of 10-10 M. The SERS result of the environmental pollution, thiram, shows that the SnSex nanosheets have a practical application in trace SERS detection, without the participation of metal particles. These results demonstrate that, through hybrid phase materials, the SERS sensitivity of 2D layered nanomaterials can be improved. It provides a kind of foreground non-metal SERS substrate in monitoring or detecting and provide a deep insight into the chemical SERS mechanism based on 2D layered materials.
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7
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Guo C, Liu C, Zhang S, Shi C, Chen Z, Yu X, Chen X. Ultrafast visible-infrared photodetector based on the SnSe 2/Bi 2Se 3 heterostructure. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:4977-4980. [PMID: 36181165 DOI: 10.1364/ol.472016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Using the inherent properties of a heterostructure, ultrafast photodetectors with high sensitivity can be progressively developed that have the potential to carve a niche among the optoelectronic devices. In this Letter, a heterojunction photodetector based on SnSe2/Bi2Se3 is constructed, and a visible-infrared photoresponse with good sensitivity at room temperature is obtained. The SnSe2/Bi2Se3 photodetector demonstrates a high Iph/Id ratio of 1.2 × 104 at 0 V. Moreover, the high responsivity of 2.3 A/W, detectivity of 1.6 × 1011 Jones, and fast response time of 40 µs are simultaneously achieved. The presented results offer an alternative route for ultrafast photodetectors with high sensitivity.
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Ndala ZB, Shumbula NP, Nkabinde S, Kolokoto T, Gqoba S, Linganiso C, Moloto N. Electrocatalytic activity of pristine and electrochemically activated SnSe2 nanoplates for the hydrogen evolution reaction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Seo J, Nam SH, Lee M, Kim JY, Kim SG, Park C, Seo DW, Kim YL, Kim SS, Kim UJ, Hahm MG. Gate-controlled gas sensor utilizing 1D-2D hybrid nanowires network. iScience 2022; 25:103660. [PMID: 35024590 PMCID: PMC8733229 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel gas sensors that work at room temperature are attracting attention due to their low energy consumption and stability in the presence of toxic gases. However, the development of sensing characteristics at room temperature is still a primary challenge. Diverse reaction pathways and low adsorption energy for gas molecules are required to fabricate a gas sensor that works at room temperature with high sensitivity, selectivity, and efficiency. Therefore, we enhanced the gas sensing performance at room temperature by constructing hybridized nanostructure of 1D-2D hybrid of SnSe2 layers and SnO2 nanowire networks and by controlling the back-gate bias (Vg = 1.5 V). The response time was dramatically reduced by lowering the energy barrier for the adsorption on the reactive sites, which are controlled by the back gate. Consequently, we believe that this research could contribute to improving the performance of gas sensors that work at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonsang Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gyu Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Changkyoo Park
- Department of Laser and Electron Beam Technologies, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Seo
- Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-ro, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10223, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Lae Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Un Jeong Kim
- Advanced Sensor Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon 443-803, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Gwan Hahm
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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10
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Ermolaev GA, Yakubovsky DI, El-Sayed MA, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Mazitov AB, Popkova AA, Antropov IM, Bessonov VO, Slavich AS, Tselikov GI, Kruglov IA, Novikov SM, Vyshnevyy AA, Fedyanin AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS. Broadband Optical Constants and Nonlinear Properties of SnS 2 and SnSe 2. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 12:nano12010141. [PMID: 35010091 PMCID: PMC8746438 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
SnS2 and SnSe2 have recently been shown to have a wide range of applications in photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, because of incomplete knowledge about their optical characteristics, the use of SnS2 and SnSe2 in optical engineering remains challenging. Here, we addressed this problem by establishing SnS2 and SnSe2 linear and nonlinear optical properties in the broad (300-3300 nm) spectral range. Coupled with the first-principle calculations, our experimental study unveiled the full dielectric tensor of SnS2 and SnSe2. Furthermore, we established that SnS2 is a promising material for visible high refractive index nanophotonics. Meanwhile, SnSe2 demonstrates a stronger nonlinear response compared with SnS2. Our results create a solid ground for current and next-generation SnS2- and SnSe2-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy A. Ermolaev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Dmitry I. Yakubovsky
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Marwa A. El-Sayed
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32511, Egypt
| | - Mikhail K. Tatmyshevskiy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Arslan B. Mazitov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 22 Suschevskaya St., 127055 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Popkova
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (I.M.A.); (V.O.B.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Ilya M. Antropov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (I.M.A.); (V.O.B.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Vladimir O. Bessonov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (I.M.A.); (V.O.B.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Aleksandr S. Slavich
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Gleb I. Tselikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Ivan A. Kruglov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 22 Suschevskaya St., 127055 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Novikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Vyshnevyy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Fedyanin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (I.M.A.); (V.O.B.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Aleksey V. Arsenin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Valentyn S. Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (D.I.Y.); (M.A.E.-S.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (G.I.T.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +7-926-735-93-98
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11
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Sierra-Castillo A, Haye E, Acosta S, Arenal R, Bittencourt C, Colomer JF. Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition growth of vertically aligned SnS 2 and SnSe 2 nanosheets. RSC Adv 2021; 11:36483-36493. [PMID: 35494379 PMCID: PMC9043430 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05672g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminated metal dichalcogenides are candidates for different potential applications ranging from catalysis to nanoelectronics. However, efforts are still needed to optimize synthesis methods aiming to control the number of layers, morphology, and crystallinity, parameters that govern the properties of the synthesized materials. Another important parameter is the thickness and the length of the samples with the possibility of large-scale growth of target homogeneous materials. Here, we report a chemical vapor deposition method at atmospheric pressure to produce vertically aligned tin dichalcogenide based-materials. Tin disulfide (SnS2) and tin diselenide (SnSe2) vertically aligned nanosheets have been synthesized and characterized by different methods showing their crystallinity and purity. Homogenous crystalline 2H-phase SnS2 nanosheets with high purity were synthesized with vertical orientation on substrates; sulfur vacancies were observed at the edges of the sheets. Similarly, in the crystalline 2H phase SnSe2 nanosheets selenium vacancies were observed at the edges. Moreover, these nanosheets are larger than the SnS2 nanosheets, show lower nanosheet homogeneity on substrates and contamination with selenium atoms from the synthesis was observed. The synthesized nanomaterials are interesting in various applications where the edge accessibility and/or directionality of the nanosheets play a major role as for example in gas sensing or field emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayrton Sierra-Castillo
- Research Group on Carbon Nanostructures (CARBONNAGe), University of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Emile Haye
- Laboratoire d'Analyse par Réactions Nucléaires (LARN), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Selene Acosta
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Université de Mons 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Raul Arenal
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragon (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza 50018 Zaragoza Spain
- ARAID Foundation 50018 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Carla Bittencourt
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Université de Mons 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Jean-François Colomer
- Research Group on Carbon Nanostructures (CARBONNAGe), University of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
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12
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Biswas R, Dandu M, Prosad A, Das S, Menon S, Deka J, Majumdar K, Raghunathan V. Strong near band-edge excited second-harmonic generation from multilayer 2H Tin diselenide. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15017. [PMID: 34294863 PMCID: PMC8298440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) from 2H polytype of multilayer Tin diselenide (SnSe2) for fundamental excitation close to the indirect band-edge in the absence of excitonic resonances. Comparison of SHG and Raman spectra from exfoliated SnSe2 flakes of different polytypes shows strong (negligible) SHG and Raman Eg mode at 109 cm−1 (119 cm−1), consistent with 2H (1T) polytypes. The difference between the A1g–Eg Raman peak positions is found to exhibit significant thickness dependent for the 1T form, which is found to be absent for the 2H form. The observed thickness dependence of SHG with rapid oscillations in signal strength for small changes in flake thickness are in good agreement with a nonlinear wave propagation model considering nonlinear polarization with alternating sign from each monolayer. The nonlinear optical susceptibility extracted from SHG signal comparison with standard quartz samples for 1040 nm excitation is found to be more than 4-times higher than that at 1550 nm. This enhanced nonlinear response at 1040 nm is attributed to the enhanced nonlinear optical response for fundamental excitation close to the indirect band-edge. We also study SHG from heterostructures of monolayer MoS2/multilayer SnSe2 which allows us to unambiguously compare the nonlinear optical response of SnSe2 with MoS2. We find the SHG signal and any interference effect in the overlap region to be dominated by the SnSe2 layer for the excitation wavelengths considered. The comparison of SHG from SnSe2 and MoS2 underscores that the choice of the 2D material for a particular nonlinear optical application is contextual on the wavelength range of interest and its optical properties at those wavelengths. The present works further highlights the usefulness of near band-edge enhancement of nonlinear processes in emerging 2D materials towards realizing useful nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabindra Biswas
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Medha Dandu
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Asish Prosad
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Sarthak Das
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Sruti Menon
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Jayanta Deka
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Kausik Majumdar
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Varun Raghunathan
- Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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13
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Chen G, Zhang J, Wang H, Yuan H, Sui X, Zhou H, Zhong D. Fast colloidal synthesis of SnSe 2 nanosheets for flexible broad-band photodetection. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01774d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new rapid bottom-up colloidal synthetic route has been developed to synthesize SnSe2 nanosheets within 5 min. A SnSe2 nanosheet-based flexible photodetector is fabricated for the first time and the resulting device displays a wide photodetection range and high flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihuan Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemistry
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion
- University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
- Hefei
| | - Hongrui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemistry
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion
- University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
- Hefei
| | - Hua Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Xin Sui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Hao Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Degao Zhong
- College of Physical Sciences
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
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14
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Tian Y, Wei H, Xu Y, Sun Q, Man B, Liu M. Influence of SERS Activity of SnSe 2 Nanosheets Doped with Sulfur. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101910. [PMID: 32987912 PMCID: PMC7600932 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The application of 2D semiconductor nanomaterials in the field of SERS is limited due to its weak enhancement effect and the unclear enhancement mechanism. In this study, we changed the surface morphology and energy level structure of 2D SnSe2 nanosheets using different amounts of S dopant. This caused the vibration coupling of the substrate and the adsorbed molecules and affects the SERS activities of the SnSe2 nanosheets. SERS performance of the 2D semiconductor substrate can effectively be improved by suitable doping, which can effectively break the limitation of 2D semiconductor compounds in SERS detection and will have very important significance in the fields of chemical, biological, and materials sciences. In this work, the intensities of SERS signals for R6G molecules on SnSe0.93S0.94 are 1.3 to 1.7 times stronger than those on pure SnSe2 substrate. It not only provides a new way to effectively improve the SERS activity of a semiconductor SERS substrates but also helps to design more efficient and stable semiconductor SERS substrates for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250038, China; (Y.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (Q.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Haonan Wei
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250038, China; (Y.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (Q.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Yujie Xu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250038, China; (Y.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (Q.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Qianqian Sun
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250038, China; (Y.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (Q.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Baoyuan Man
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250038, China; (Y.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (Q.S.); (B.M.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Mei Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250038, China; (Y.T.); (H.W.); (Y.X.); (Q.S.); (B.M.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
- Correspondence:
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15
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Wang G, Wei H, Tian Y, Wu M, Sun Q, Peng Z, Sun L, Liu M. Twin-ZnSe nanowires as surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate with significant enhancement factor upon defect. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:18843-18858. [PMID: 32672175 DOI: 10.1364/oe.388439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor-based surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate design has attracted much interest due to the excellent photoelectronic and biochemical properties. The structural change caused by twin in semiconductor will have an influence on improving the Raman signals enhancement based on the chemical mechanism (CM). Here, we demonstrated the twin in semiconductor ZnSe nanowires as an ultrasensitive CM-based SERS platform. The SERS signals of the rhodamine 6G (R6G) and crystal violet (CV) molecules adsorbed on twin-ZnSe nanowires could be easily detected even with an ultralow concentration of 10-11 M and 10-8 M, respectively, and the corresponding enhancement factor (EF) were up to 6.12 × 107 and 3.02 × 105, respectively. In addition, the charge transfer (CT) between the twin-ZnSe nanowires and R6G molecule has been demonstrated theoretically with first-principles calculations based on density-functional theory (DFT). These results demonstrated the proposed ZnSe nanowires with twin as SERS substrate has a broader application in the field of biochemical sensing.
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16
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Lee J, Duong NT, Bang S, Park C, Nguyen DA, Jeon H, Jang J, Oh HM, Jeong MS. Modulation of Junction Modes in SnSe 2/MoTe 2 Broken-Gap van der Waals Heterostructure for Multifunctional Devices. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2370-2377. [PMID: 32031411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We study the electronic and optoelectronic properties of a broken-gap heterojunction composed of SnSe2 and MoTe2 with gate-controlled junction modes. Owing to the interband tunneling current, our device can act as an Esaki diode and a backward diode with a peak-to-valley current ratio approaching 5.7 at room temperature. Furthermore, under an 811 nm laser irradiation the heterostructure exhibits a photodetectivity of up to 7.5 × 1012 Jones. In addition, to harness the electrostatic gate bias, Voc can be tuned from negative to positive by switching from the accumulation mode to the depletion mode of the heterojunction. Additionally, a photovoltaic effect with a fill factor exceeding 41% was observed, which highlights the significant potential for optoelectronic applications. This study not only demonstrates high-performance multifunctional optoelectronics based on the SnSe2/MoTe2 heterostructure but also provides a comprehensive understanding of broken-band alignment and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juchan Lee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Thanh Duong
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Bang
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulho Park
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Anh Nguyen
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hobeom Jeon
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseong Jang
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Oh
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Seok Jeong
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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17
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Seo J, Lee J, Kim Y, Koo D, Lee G, Park H. Ultrasensitive Plasmon-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy with Femtomolar Detection Limit from 2D van der Waals Heterostructure. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1620-1630. [PMID: 32013440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been promoted as an ideal platform for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), as they mitigate the drawbacks of noble metal-based SERS substrates. However, the inferior limit of detection has limited the practical applicability of 2D material-based SERS substrates. Here, we synthesize uniform large-area ReOxSy thin films via solution-phase deposition without post-treatments and demonstrate a graphene/ReOxSy vertical heterostructure as an ultrasensitive SERS platform. The electronic structure of ReOxSy can be modulated by changing the oxygen concentration in the lattice structure, obtaining efficient complementary resonance effects between ReOxSy and the probe molecule. In addition, the oxygen atoms in the ReOxSy lattice generate a dipole moment on the thin-film surface, which increases the electron transition probability. These synergistic effects outstandingly enhance the Raman effect in the ReOxSy thin film. When ReOxSy forms a vertical heterostructure on a graphene as the SERS substrate, the enhanced charge-transfer and exciton resonances improve the limit of detection to the femtomolar level, while achieving remarkable flexibility, reproducibility, and operational stability. Our results provide important insights into 2D material-based ultrasensitive SERS based on chemical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyung Seo
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Perovtronics Research Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Perovtronics Research Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongchul Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwan Koo
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Perovtronics Research Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunsik Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesung Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Perovtronics Research Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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18
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Beketov GV, Shynkarenko OV, Yukhymchuk VO. Optical arrangement for surface plasmon-assisted directional enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 219:488-495. [PMID: 31077952 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present an optical arrangement for spectroscopy of enhanced Raman scattering assisted by surface plasmon resonance in continuous planar metallic films. Optical excitation of propagating surface plasmons (PSP) is aided by the hemispherical total internal reflectance prism in the Kretschmann geometry. In this geometry, the radiation produced by Raman scattering is directionally emitted inside the prism with the angular distribution in the shape of a hollow cone (the Kretschmann cone). The proposed configuration enables entire collection of the Kretschmann cone with the use of an elliptical mirror modified for enlarging the accessible angular range for both the incident beam and the scattered light. The spectroscopic performance of this arrangement was evaluated using the Rhodamine 6G dye as a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) reporter. An evident difference in magnitudes of the enhancement factor for specific spectral lines as compared to SERS excitation by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR-SERS) was revealed. The origin of this difference is discussed in terms of expected distinctions between the PSP-assisted directional enhanced Raman scattering and the LSPR-SERS. Besides the spectroscopic applications, the proposed arrangement is also perfectly suited for simultaneous functioning as the SPR sensor. Integration of SERS spectroscopy with the SPR analysis shows promise as a platform for evolving an innovative analytical technique with enhanced potentialities in surface research, particularly in biochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadii V Beketov
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine, 41 pr. Nauky, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Olena V Shynkarenko
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine, 41 pr. Nauky, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr O Yukhymchuk
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine, 41 pr. Nauky, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine.
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19
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Silver A, Kitadai H, Liu H, Granzier-Nakajima T, Terrones M, Ling X, Huang S. Chemical and Bio Sensing Using Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9040516. [PMID: 30986978 PMCID: PMC6523487 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) material consisting of a single sheet of sp² hybridized carbon atoms laced in a hexagonal lattice, with potentially wide usage as a Raman enhancement substrate, also termed graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GERS), making it ideal for sensing applications. GERS improves upon traditional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), combining its single-molecule sensitivity and spectral fingerprinting of molecules, and graphene's simple processing and superior uniformity. This enables fast and highly sensitive detection of a wide variety of analytes. Accordingly, GERS has been investigated for a wide variety of sensing applications, including chemical- and bio-sensing. As a derivative of GERS, the use of two-dimensional materials other than graphene for Raman enhancement has emerged, which possess remarkably interesting properties and potential wider applications in combination with GERS. In this review, we first introduce various types of 2D materials, including graphene, MoS₂, doped graphene, their properties, and synthesis. Then, we describe the principles of GERS and comprehensively explain how the GERS enhancement factors are influenced by molecular and 2D material properties. In the last section, we discuss the application of GERS in chemical- and bio-sensing, and the prospects of such a novel sensing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Silver
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Hikari Kitadai
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - He Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | | | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Xi Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Shengxi Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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20
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Lee YC, Chiu CW. Immobilization and 3D Hot-Junction Formation of Gold Nanoparticles on Two-Dimensional Silicate Nanoplatelets as Substrates for High-Efficiency Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E324. [PMID: 30823691 PMCID: PMC6473534 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We synthesize a high-efficiency substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements, which is composed of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on two-dimensional silicate nanoplatelets acting as an inorganic stabilizer, via the in-situ reduction of hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) by sodium citrate in an aqueous solution. Silicate platelets of ~1-nm thickness and various sizes, viz. laponite (50 nm), sodium montmorillonite (Na⁺⁻MMT, 100 nm), and mica (500 nm), are used to stabilize the AuNPs (Au@silicate), which are formed with uniform diameters ranging between 25 and 30 nm as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In particular, the laponite SERS substrate can be used in biological, environmental, and food safety applications to measure small molecules such as DNA (adenine molecule), dye (Direct Blue), and herbicide (paraquat) as it shows high detection sensitivity with a detection limit of 10-9 M for adenine detection. These highly sensitive SERS substrates, with their three-dimensional hot-junctions formed with AuNPs and two-dimensional silicate nanoplatelets, allow the highly efficient detection of organic molecules. Therefore, these Au@silicate nanohybrid substrates have great potential in biosensor technology because of their environmentally-friendly and simple fabrication process, high efficiency, and the possibility of rapid detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chen Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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21
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Seed-Mediated Electroless Deposition of Gold Nanoparticles for Highly Uniform and Efficient SERS Enhancement. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020185. [PMID: 30717277 PMCID: PMC6409782 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A seed-mediated electroless deposition (SMED) approach for fabrication of large-area and uniform gold nanoparticle films as efficient and reproducible as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates was presented. This approach involved a seeding pretreatment procedure and a subsequent growth step. The former referred to activation of polylysine-coated glass slides in gold seed solution, and the latter required a careful control of the reactant concentration and reaction time. With the aid of gold seeds and appropriate reaction conditions, a large-area and uniform nanofilm with evenly distributed gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) was formed on the surface of the substrates after adding a mixed solution containing ascorbic acid and trisodium citrate. The morphology of the Au nanofilm was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The size evolution of Au NPs on the surface of the substrates was analyzed in detail. The nanofilm substrate was prepared by reaction conditions of the seeded activation process: 10 mL ascorbic acid and trisodium citrate mixture and 30 min of soaking time, which exhibited an excellent uniformity and reproducibility of SERS enhancement with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of less than 8% (particularly, a RSD value of 3% can be reached for the optimized measurement). Compared to the common electroless deposition, the seed-mediated electroless deposition possessed inherent advantages in controllability, reproducibility, and economic benefit.
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