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Li SB, Zou J, Zhao TSY, Liang B, Wang LS, Huang LZ, Liang CQ, Zhou XL. Antitumor effects of Cypaliuruside F from Cyclocarya paliurus on HepG2 cells. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38771014 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2355590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
An undescribed dammarane triterpenoid saponin Cypaliuruside F was isolated from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus in our preliminary study. The MTT assay, flow cytometry, cell scratch, and DAPI staining were used to detect the antitumor effects of Cypaliuruside F on HepG2 cells. Subsequently, network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis were used to analyse the key targets of Cypaliuruside F against HCC. In addition, a Western blot was performed to determine the effects of Cypaliuruside F on the expression of key proteins in HepG2 cells. The experimental results indicated that the damarane triterpenoid saponin Cypaliuruside F from Cyclocarya paliurus inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. These changes may promote the apoptosis of HepG2 cells by inhibiting the expression of mTOR, STAT3, and Bcl-2 while activating Bax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Bin Li
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zou
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Tong-Shi-Yao Zhao
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Lan-Zhen Huang
- Science Experiment Center, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Qin Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Li Zhou
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Guilin, P. R. China
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2
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Janota B, Szymanek B. The Influence of Diet and Its Components on the Development and Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1030. [PMID: 38473387 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is diagnosed annually in nearly a million people worldwide, with approximately half of them being diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. Non-infectious risk factors for the development of HCC include an unbalanced lifestyle, including poor dietary choices characterized by a low intake of antioxidants, such as vitamins E and C, selenium, and polyphenols, as well as an excessive consumption of energy and harmful substances. Repeated bad dietary choices that contribute to an unbalanced lifestyle lead to the accumulation of fatty substances in the liver and to it entering an inflammatory state, which, without intervention, results in cirrhosis, the main cause of HCC. This review of the English language literature aims to present the food components that, when included in the daily diet, reduce the risk of developing HCC, as well as identifying foods that may have a carcinogenic effect on liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Janota
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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3
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Bułakowska A, Sławiński J, Hering A, Gucwa M, Ochocka JR, Hałasa R, Balewski Ł, Stefanowicz-Hajduk J. New Chalcone Derivatives Containing 2,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonamide Moiety with Anticancer and Antioxidant Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:274. [PMID: 38203445 PMCID: PMC10778824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chalcones and their derivatives, both natural and synthetic, exhibit diverse biological activities. In this study, we focused on designing and synthesizing (E)-2,4-dichloro-N-(4-cinnamoylphenyl)-5-methylbenzenesulfonamides 4-8 with the following two pharmacophore groups: 2,4-dichlorobenzenesulfonamide and chalcone. The obtained compounds displayed notable anticancer effects on various human cancer cells, such as cervical HeLa, acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60, and gastric adenocarcinoma AGS, when assessed with the MTT test. The activity of all compounds against cancer cells was significant, and the obtained IC50 values were in the range of 0.89-9.63 µg/mL. Among all the tested compounds, derivative 5 showed the highest activity on the AGS cell line. Therefore, it was tested for cell cycle inhibition, induction of mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and activation of caspase-8 and -9. These results showed that this compound strongly arrested the cell cycle in the subG0 phase, depolarized the mitochondrial membrane, and activated caspase-8 and -9. Similar to the anticancer effects, all the obtained compounds 4-8 were also assessed for their antioxidant activity. The highest antiradical effect was demonstrated for derivative 5, which was able to inhibit DPPH and ABTS radicals. All examined compounds showed dose-dependent activity against neutrophil elastase. Notably, derivatives 7 and 8 demonstrated inhibitory properties similar to oleanolic acid, with IC50 values of 25.61 ± 0.58 and 25.73 ± 0.39 µg/mL, respectively. To determine the antibacterial activity of derivatives 4-8, the minimum bacteriostatic concentration (MIC) values were estimated (>500 µg/mL for all the tested bacterial strains). The findings demonstrate the substantial potential of sulfonamide-based chalcone 5 as a promising drug in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bułakowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Sławiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Anna Hering
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.H.); (M.G.); (J.R.O.)
| | - Magdalena Gucwa
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.H.); (M.G.); (J.R.O.)
| | - J. Renata Ochocka
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.H.); (M.G.); (J.R.O.)
| | - Rafał Hałasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Balewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Justyna Stefanowicz-Hajduk
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Generała Józefa Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.H.); (M.G.); (J.R.O.)
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4
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Li G, Zhu L, Guo M, Wang D, Meng M, Zhong Y, Zhang Z, Lin Y, Liu C, Wang J, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Cao Y, Xia Z, Qiu J, Li Y, Liu S, Chen H, Liu W, Han Y, Zheng M, Ma X, Xu L. Characterisation of forkhead box protein A3 as a key transcription factor for hepatocyte regeneration. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100906. [PMID: 38023606 PMCID: PMC10679869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Liver regeneration is vital for the recovery of liver function after injury, yet the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Forkhead box protein A3 (FOXA3), a member of the forkhead box family, plays important roles in endoplasmic reticulum stress sensing, and lipid and glucose homoeostasis, yet its functions in liver regeneration are unknown. Methods Here, we explored whether Foxa3 regulates liver regeneration via acute and chronic liver injury mice models. We further characterised the molecular mechanism by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and rescue experiments in vivo and in vitro. Then, we assessed the impact of Foxa3 pharmacological activation on progression and termination of liver regeneration. Finally, we confirmed the Foxa3-Cebpb axis in human liver samples. Results Foxa3 is dominantly expressed in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes and is induced upon partial hepatectomy (PH) or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration. Foxa3 deficiency in mice decreased cyclin gene levels and delayed liver regeneration after PH, or acute or chronic i.p. CCl4 injection. Conversely, hepatocyte-specific Foxa3 overexpression accelerated hepatocytes proliferation and attenuated liver damage in an CCl4-induced acute model. Mechanistically, Foxa3 directly regulates Cebpb transcription, which is involved in hepatocyte division and apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Of note, Cebpb overexpression in livers of Foxa3-deficient mice rescued their defects in cell proliferation and regeneration upon CCl4 treatment. In addition, pharmacological induction of Foxa3 via cardamonin speeded up hepatocyte proliferation after PH, without interfering with liver regeneration termination. Finally, Cebpb and Ki67 levels had a positive correlation with Foxa3 expression in human chronic disease livers. Conclusions These data characterise Foxa3 as a vital regulator of liver regeneration, which may represent an essential factor to maintain liver mass after liver injury by governing Cebpb transcription. Impact and Implications Liver regeneration is vital for the recovery of liver function after chemical insults or hepatectomy, yet the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Herein, via in vitro and in vivo models and analysis, we demonstrated that Forkhead box protein A3 (FOXA3), a Forkhead box family member, maintained normal liver regeneration progression by governing Cebpb transcription and proposed cardamonin as a lead compound to induce Foxa3 and accelerate liver repair, which signified that FOXA3 may be a potential therapeutic target for further preclinical study on treating liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiyao Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinzhao Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caizhi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yining Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxiang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirui Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minghua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for the Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Yin S, Liu R, Yang Y, Wu Q, Lin W, Li W. β-Sitosterol activates autophagy to inhibit the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the complement C5a receptor 1/alpha fetoprotein axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175983. [PMID: 37598926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly refractory. β-Sitosterol has been reported to suppress proliferation and migration as well as interfere with cell metabolism in tumors. However, there is limited information on the effects of β-sitosterol on HCC. Herein, we used a xenograft mouse model to investigate the effects of β-sitosterol on HCC tumor growth. The molecular mechanism was elucidated using quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, lentiviral transfection, CCK8, scratch, Transwell, and Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B assays. The results showed that HepG2 cells highly expressed complement C5a receptor 1. β-Sitosterol antagonized complement component 5a and exerted inhibitory effects on the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells. The inhibitory effect of β-sitosterol was reversed by the knockdown of complement C5a receptor 1. Bioinformatics analysis suggested alpha fetoprotein (AFP) as a downstream factor of complement C5a receptor 1. β-Sitosterol inhibited AFP expression, which was reversed by complement C5a receptor 1 knockdown. The inhibitory effects of β-sitosterol on cell proliferation and migration were weakened by AFP overexpression. Furthermore, β-sitosterol induced autophagy in HepG2 cells, which was reversed by complement C5a receptor 1 knockdown and AFP overexpression. Blockade of autophagy by 3-MA attenuated β-sitosterol inhibition of proliferation and migration in HepG2 cells. Moreover, β-sitosterol inhibited HCC progression in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that β-sitosterol inhibits HCC advancement by activating autophagy through the complement C5a receptor 1/AFP axis. These findings recommend β-sitosterol as a promising therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Chen
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 570100, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Song Yin
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China; Wannan Medical College, Anhui, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 570100, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Yijun Yang
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 570100, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Qiuping Wu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 570100, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Wenyu Lin
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 570100, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, Haikou 571199, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, Hefei 230022, China.
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6
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Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Kello M, Mojzisova G, Baloghova J, Podracka A, Mojzis J. Anticancer Potential of Natural Chalcones: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10354. [PMID: 37373500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that significant progress has been made in tumor therapy in the past decades. However, the discovery of new molecules with potential antitumor properties still remains one of the most significant challenges in the field of anticancer therapy. Nature, especially plants, is a rich source of phytochemicals with pleiotropic biological activities. Among a plethora of phytochemicals, chalcones, the bioprecursors of flavonoid and isoflavonoids synthesis in higher plants, have attracted attention due to the broad spectrum of biological activities with potential clinical applications. Regarding the antiproliferative and anticancer effects of chalcones, multiple mechanisms of action including cell cycle arrest, induction of different forms of cell death and modulation of various signaling pathways have been documented. This review summarizes current knowledge related to mechanisms of antiproliferative and anticancer effects of natural chalcones in different types of malignancies including breast cancers, cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, lung cancers, renal and bladder cancers, and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Mojzisova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Janette Baloghova
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Anna Podracka
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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7
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Wenzel CK, von Montfort C, Ebbert L, Klahm NP, Reichert AS, Stahl W, Brenneisen P. The natural chalcone cardamonin selectively induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023:105625. [PMID: 37268255 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial malignant tumor in childhood. Approximately 60% of all patients are classified as high-risk and require intensive treatment including non-selective chemotherapeutic agents leading to severe side effects. Recently, phytochemicals like the natural chalcone cardamonin (CD) have gained attention in cancer research. For the first time, we investigated the selective anti-cancer effects of CD in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells compared to healthy (normal) fibroblasts (NHDF). Our study revealed selective and dose-dependent cytotoxicity of CD in SH-SY5Y. The natural chalcone CD specifically altered the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), as an early marker of apoptosis, in human neuroblastoma cells. Caspase activity was also selectively induced and the amount of cleaved caspase substrates such as PARP was thus increased in human neuroblastoma cells. CD-mediated apoptotic cell death was rescued by pan caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. The natural chalcone CD selectively induced apoptosis, the programmed cell death, in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells whereas NHDF being a model for normal (healthy) cells were unaffected. Our data indicates a clinical potential of CD in the more selective and less harmful treatment of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal-Kristin Wenzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Claudia von Montfort
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lara Ebbert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niklas P Klahm
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Stahl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Brenneisen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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8
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Chalcones: Promising therapeutic agents targeting key players and signaling pathways regulating the hallmarks of cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 369:110297. [PMID: 36496109 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The need for innovative anticancer treatments with high effectiveness and low toxicity is urgent due to the development of malignancies that are resistant to chemotherapeutic agents and the poor specificity of existing anticancer treatments. Chalcones are 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones, which are the precursors for flavonoids and isoflavonoids. Chalcones are readily available from a wide range of natural resources and consist of very basic chemical scaffolds. Because the ease with which the synthesis it allows for the production of several chalcone derivatives. Various in-vitro and in-vivo studies indicate that naturally occurring and synthetic chalcone derivatives exhibit promising biological activities against cancer hallmarks such as proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, inflammation, stemness, and regulation of cancer epigenetics. According to their structure and functional groups, chalcones derivatives and their hybrid compounds exert a broad range of biological activities through targeting key elements and signaling molecules relevant to cancer progression. This review will provide valuable insights into the latest updates of chalcone groups as anticancer agents and extensively discuss their underlying molecular mechanisms of action.
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Lu J, Zhu D, Zhang X, Wang J, Cao H, Li L. The crucial role of LncRNA MIR210HG involved in the regulation of human cancer and other disease. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:137-150. [PMID: 36088513 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have evoked considerable interest in recent years due to their critical functions in the regulation of disease processes. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs is found in multiple diseases, and lncRNAs have been exploited for diverse medical applications. The lncRNA MIR210HG is a recently discovered lncRNA that is widely dysregulated in human disease. MIR210HG was described to have biological functions with potential roles in disease development, including cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and energy metabolism. And MIR210HG dysregulation was confirmed to have promising clinical values in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. In this review, we systematically summarize the expression profiles, roles, underlying mechanisms, and clinical applications of MIR210HG in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shangcheng District, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shangcheng District, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shangcheng District, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shangcheng District, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shangcheng District, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shangcheng District, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
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Xu ZH, Grossman RB, Qiu YF, Luo Y, Lan T, Yang XW. Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols Bearing a Lavandulyl-Derived Substituent from Garcinia xanthochymus Fruits. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2845-2855. [PMID: 36461923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Many type B polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) bear a lavandulyl-derived substituent, and the configurational assignment of this side chain can be difficult and sometimes leads to erroneous conclusions. In this study, 21 PPAPs, including the new xanthochymusones A-I (1-9), have been isolated from the fruits of Garcinia xanthochymus and structurally characterized. The relative configuration of the C-30 stereocenter was assigned by a combination of chemical transformations, 1H-1H coupling constants, conformational analysis, and NOE experiments. The configurational assignment of compound 7 indicates that the relative configuration at C-30 of PPAPs is not always the same. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were assigned by ECD and X-ray diffraction data, as well as by biosynthetic considerations. Analysis of NMR data enabled the configurational revision of garcicowins C and D. All the isolated PPAPs were tested for antiproliferative activity against three human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, including Huh-7, Hep 3B, and HepG2. Compounds 5 and 6, 7-epi-isogarcinol (16), and coccinone C (17) exhibited moderate antiproliferative activity. Compounds 6 and 16 induced apoptosis and inhibited cell migration in Huh-7 cells, probably through downregulating the STAT3 signaling pathway. This study provides effective methods for configurational assignments of type B PPAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert B Grossman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Yu-Feng Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Lan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Wei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
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Zhu L, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wang H, Shen G, Wang Z. Inhibitory effect of lingonberry extract on HepG2 cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270677. [PMID: 35802745 PMCID: PMC9269931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) extract contains various active ingredients with strong inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth. HepG2 cells were treated with various concentrations of lingonberry extract, cell inhibition rate was measured by CCK-8 assay, and apoptosis rate by annexin-propidium iodide double-staining assay. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry, and cell migration and invasion by transwell assay. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR and western blotting were employed to analyze the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CXCL3). Ki-67, TUNEL, and transwell assays were used to verify the relationship between CXCL3 expression and cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. The composition of lingonberry extract was: 37.58% cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, 10.96% kaempferol 3-O-arabinoside, 4.52% epicatechin, 4.35% chlorogenic acid, 3.83% catechinic acid, 1.54% isoquercitrin, 1.05% 4-hydroxycinnamon acid, 1.03% cyanidin chloride, 0.85% 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 0.55% quercetin, 0.36% D-(-)-quininic acid, 0.96% caffeic acid, 0.16% ferulic acid, 0.12% oleanolic acid, and 0.03% ursolic acid. Lingonberry extract inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. After 48 h exposure to 100 μg/mL extract the inhibition rate and IC50 were 80.89±6.05% and 22.62 μg/mL, respectively. Lingonberry extract promoted late apoptosis in HepG2 cells and arrested the cell cycle at G2/M and S phases. Lingonberry extract also promoted the apoptosis of HepG2 cancer cells, inhibiting their proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating the expression of CXCL3. This study offers new insight into the antihepatoma activity of lingonberry extract and provides a basis for the development of pilot antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Zhu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Harbin, China
| | - Yandong Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guang Shen
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology University, Harbin, China
- * E-mail:
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Constantinescu T, Lungu CN. Anticancer Activity of Natural and Synthetic Chalcones. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11306. [PMID: 34768736 PMCID: PMC8582663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a condition caused by many mechanisms (genetic, immune, oxidation, and inflammatory). Anticancer therapy aims to destroy or stop the growth of cancer cells. Resistance to treatment is theleading cause of the inefficiency of current standard therapies. Targeted therapies are the most effective due to the low number of side effects and low resistance. Among the small molecule natural compounds, flavonoids are of particular interest for theidentification of new anticancer agents. Chalcones are precursors to all flavonoids and have many biological activities. The anticancer activity of chalcones is due to the ability of these compounds to act on many targets. Natural chalcones, such as licochalcones, xanthohumol (XN), panduretin (PA), and loncocarpine, have been extensively studied and modulated. Modification of the basic structure of chalcones in order to obtain compounds with superior cytotoxic properties has been performed by modulating the aromatic residues, replacing aromatic residues with heterocycles, and obtaining hybrid molecules. A huge number of chalcone derivatives with residues such as diaryl ether, sulfonamide, and amine have been obtained, their presence being favorable for anticancer activity. Modification of the amino group in the structure of aminochalconesis always favorable for antitumor activity. This is why hybrid molecules of chalcones with different nitrogen hetercycles in the molecule have been obtained. From these, azoles (imidazole, oxazoles, tetrazoles, thiazoles, 1,2,3-triazoles, and 1,2,4-triazoles) are of particular importance for the identification of new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Constantinescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu N. Lungu
- Department of Surgery, Country Emergency Hospital Braila, 810249 Braila, Romania
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Chalcone Derivatives: Role in Anticancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060894. [PMID: 34208562 PMCID: PMC8234180 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) are precursors for flavonoids and isoflavonoids, which are common simple chemical scaffolds found in many naturally occurring compounds. Many chalcone derivatives were also prepared due to their convenient synthesis. Chalcones as weandhetic analogues have attracted much interest due to their broad biological activities with clinical potentials against various diseases, particularly for antitumor activity. The chalcone family has demonstrated potential in vitro and in vivo activity against cancers via multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle disruption, autophagy regulation, apoptosis induction, and immunomodulatory and inflammatory mediators. It represents a promising strategy to develop chalcones as novel anticancer agents. In addition, the combination of chalcones and other therapies is expected to be an effective way to improve anticancer therapeutic efficacy. However, despite the encouraging results for their response to cancers observed in clinical studies, a full description of toxicity is required for their clinical use as safe drugs for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances of the chalcone family as potential anticancer agents and the mechanisms of action. Besides, future applications and scope of the chalcone family toward the treatment and prevention of cancer are brought out.
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Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Gazdova M, Kello M, Mojzis J. Molecular Mechanisms of Antiproliferative Effects of Natural Chalcones. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112730. [PMID: 34073042 PMCID: PMC8198114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the important progress in cancer treatment in the past decades, the mortality rates in some types of cancer have not significantly decreased. Therefore, the search for novel anticancer drugs has become a topic of great interest. Chalcones, precursors of flavonoid synthesis in plants, have been documented as natural compounds with pleiotropic biological effects including antiproliferative/anticancer activity. This article focuses on the knowledge on molecular mechanisms of antiproliferative action of chalcones and draws attention to this group of natural compounds that may be of importance in the treatment of cancer disease. Abstract Although great progress has been made in the treatment of cancer, the search for new promising molecules with antitumor activity is still one of the greatest challenges in the fight against cancer due to the increasing number of new cases each year. Chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one), the precursors of flavonoid synthesis in higher plants, possess a wide spectrum of biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer. A plethora of molecular mechanisms of action have been documented, including induction of apoptosis, autophagy, or other types of cell death, cell cycle changes, and modulation of several signaling pathways associated with cell survival or death. In addition, blockade of several steps of angiogenesis and proteasome inhibition has also been documented. This review summarizes the basic molecular mechanisms related to the antiproliferative effects of chalcones, focusing on research articles from the years January 2015–February 2021.
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James S, Aparna JS, Babu A, Paul AM, Lankadasari MB, Athira SR, Kumar SS, Vijayan Y, Namitha NN, Mohammed S, Reshmi G, Harikumar KB. Cardamonin Attenuates Experimental Colitis and Associated Colorectal Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050661. [PMID: 33947113 PMCID: PMC8146383 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardamonin is a naturally occurring chalcone, majorly from the Zingiberaceae family, which includes a wide range of spices from India. Herein, we investigated the anti-inflammatory property of cardamonin using different in vitro and in vivo systems. In RAW 264.7 cells, treatment with cardamonin showed a reduced nitrous oxide production without affecting the cell viability and decreased the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6, and inhibited NF-kB signaling which emphasizes the role of cardamonin as an anti-inflammatory molecule. In a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, cardamonin treatment protected the mice from colitis. Subsequently, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of this chalcone in a colitis-associated colon cancer model. We performed microRNA profiling in the different groups and observed that cardamonin modulates miRNA expression, thereby inhibiting tumor formation. Together, our findings indicate that cardamonin has the potential to be considered for future therapy against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley James
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Jayasekharan S. Aparna
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Anu Babu
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Aswathy Mary Paul
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
- Manipal Academy of Higher education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Manendra Babu Lankadasari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Subha R. Athira
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Sreesha S. Kumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Yadu Vijayan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
- Manipal Academy of Higher education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Narayanan N. Namitha
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Sabira Mohammed
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Girijadevi Reshmi
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Kuzhuvelil B. Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India; (S.J.); (J.S.A.); (A.B.); (A.M.P.); (M.B.L.); (S.R.A.); (S.S.K.); (Y.V.); (N.N.N.); (S.M.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-471-2529-596
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Daimary UD, Parama D, Rana V, Banik K, Kumar A, Harsha C, Kunnumakkara AB. Emerging roles of cardamonin, a multitargeted nutraceutical in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2020; 2:100008. [PMID: 34909644 PMCID: PMC8663944 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2020.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although chronic diseases are often caused by the perturbations in multiple cellular components involved in different biological processes, most of the approved therapeutics target a single gene/protein/pathway which makes them not as efficient as they are anticipated and are also known to cause severe side effects. Therefore, the pursuit of safe, efficacious, and multitargeted agents is imperative for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Cardamonin is one such agent that has been known to modulate different signaling molecules such as transcription factors (NF-κB and STAT3), cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) enzymes (COX-2, MMP-9 and ALDH1), other proteins and genes (Bcl-2, XIAP and cyclin D1), involved in the development and progression of chronic diseases. Multiple lines of evidence emerging from pre-clinical studies advocate the promising potential of this agent against various pathological conditions like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological disorders, inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, etc., despite its poor bioavailability. Therefore, further studies are paramount in establishing its efficacy in clinical settings. Hence, the current review focuses on highlighting the underlying molecular mechanism of action of cardamonin and delineating its potential in the prevention and treatment of different chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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Badroon N, Abdul Majid N, Al-Suede FSR, Nazari V. M, Giribabu N, Abdul Majid AMS, Eid EEM, Alshawsh MA. Cardamonin Exerts Antitumor Effect on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts in Athymic Nude Mice through Inhibiting NF-κβ Pathway. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120586. [PMID: 33316979 PMCID: PMC7764268 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardamonin (CADMN) exerts an in vitro antiproliferative and apoptotic actions against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). This study aimed to investigate the in vivo anti-tumorigenic action of CADMN against human hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts in an athymic nude mice, as well as to study the molecular docking and safety profile of this compound. Acute toxicity study demonstrated that CADMN is safe and well-tolerated up to 2000 mg/kg in ICR mice. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg/day of CADMN in xenografted nude mice showed a significant suppression in tumor growth as compared to untreated control group without pronounced toxic signs. Immunohistochemistry assay showed downregulation of proliferative proteins such as PCNA and Ki-67 in treated groups as compared to untreated control. Additionally, immunofluorescence analysis showed a significant downregulation in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, whereas pre-apoptotic Bax protein was significantly upregulated in nude mice treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg CADMN as compared to untreated mice. The findings also exhibited down-regulation of NF-κB-p65, and Ikkβ proteins, indicating that CADMN deactivated NF-κB pathway. The molecular docking studies demonstrated that CADMN exhibits good docking performance and binding affinities with various apoptosis and proliferation targets in hepatocellular cancer cells. In conclusion, CADMN could be a potential anticancer candidate against hepatocellular carcinoma. Other pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties, however, need to be further investigated in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassrin Badroon
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Fouad Saleih R. Al-Suede
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Kedah Halal Park, Kawasan Perindustrian Sungai Petani, Sungai Petani 08000, Malaysia; (F.S.R.A.-S.); (M.N.V.)
| | - Mansoureh Nazari V.
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., Kedah Halal Park, Kawasan Perindustrian Sungai Petani, Sungai Petani 08000, Malaysia; (F.S.R.A.-S.); (M.N.V.)
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid
- Eman Biodiscoveries Sydney Bhd., and ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, 131 Garran Road, 2601 Acton, Australia;
| | - Eltayeb E. M. Eid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (M.A.A.)
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