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Sun J, Zhu Y, Yang L, Ma C. Associations of tobacco and alcohol use with sexual behaviors among adolescents in 59 countries: a population-based study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2474. [PMID: 39261836 PMCID: PMC11389237 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19939-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual behaviors, particularly risky sexual behavior, has become a serious public health concern among adolescents worldwide, presenting a substantial obstacle to the prevention of sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, there is limited research using consistent and standardized methodology to examine associations between tobacco and alcohol use frequency and both total and risky sexual behaviors among adolescents. We aimed to examine the association between tobacco and/or alcohol use with both total and risky sexual behaviors among adolescents worldwide. METHODS Data were collected from the Global School-based Student Health Survey, which comprised 211,847 adolescents aged 12-17 years from 59 countries. The frequency of tobacco or alcohol use during the past 30 days was categorized as 0, 1-2, 3-5, 6-9, or ≥ 10 days. Tobacco and alcohol use were also categorized as non-use, tobacco use alone, alcohol use alone, and combined use. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis was used to examine both the independent and combined associations of tobacco and alcohol use with total and risky sexual behaviors. RESULTS Compared with no tobacco use, the odds ratio of engaging in sexual intercourse increased with the frequency of tobacco use from 1 to 2 days to ≥ 10 days (total: 2.03 [95% confidence interval 1.47-2.81] to 3.98[2.63-6.03]; risky: 2.43[1.75-3.38] to 4.21[3.26-5.42]), as well as with the frequency of alcohol use. Overall, combined users had greater likelihood of both total and risky sexual behaviors than tobacco users alone, alcohol users alone, and non-users. Similarly, the association between risky sexual behaviors and tobacco use alone was more pronounced among adolescent girls (vs. adolescent boys), as were those of risky sexual behaviors with alcohol use alone among younger adolescents aged 12-14 years (vs. aged 15-17 years) and with tobacco and/or alcohol use among adolescents in the Western Pacific region (vs. Regions of Africa and Americas). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest independent and combined associations between tobacco and/or alcohol use with sexual behaviors among adolescents, with variations across age, sex, and WHO region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongliang Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanwei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
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Mortaş H, Ayhan B, Navruz Varlı S, Köse S, Ağagündüz D, Bilici S. Rise and shine for eating right: the link between healthy nutrition and chronotype among young adults. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1285015. [PMID: 37899840 PMCID: PMC10600494 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1285015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Many studies have examined the relationship between chronotype and general health. Because healthy eating is the basis of health aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between healthy nutrition attitudes and chronotype in young adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,400 young adults (936 females and 464 males). Chronotype was assessed by the Turkish version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) was applied by face-to-face interview. Furthermore, 24-h dietary recall was collected. The scores of nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were calculated. The anthropometric measurements including body weight and height were taken. Results The chronotype distribution of participants according to the MEQ score and MAR score were not significantly different between females and males (p > 0.05). The percentage of participants with high healthy eating attitude was lowest in the evening chronotype and highest in the morning chronotype (49.7, 37.7 and 25.4% in morning-, intermediate-, evening-types, respectively; p = 0.000 for all groups according to the reciprocal comparisons). There was a positive correlation of the MEQ scores with the scores of ASHN (r = 0.282, p < 0.01). ASHN score was shown to be a predictor for MEQ score (β = 0.280, p = 0.000). Moreover, the score of "poor eating habits" was shown to be highest in the evening chronotype and lowest in the morning chronotype (14.9 ± 3.0 and 13.1 ± 3.0, respectively; p < 0.01). Conclusion The results of this study indicate that individuals with the evening chronotype are more deficient in terms of healthy nutrition attitudes. Further studies with larger populations will potentially guide the development of health promotion strategies to prevent and treat chronic diseases based on an individual's chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Mortaş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Büşra Ayhan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Semra Navruz Varlı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Köse
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Türkiye
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Saniye Bilici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Detopoulou P, Dedes V, Syka D, Tzirogiannis K, Panoutsopoulos GI. Relation of Minimally Processed Foods and Ultra-Processed Foods with the Mediterranean Diet Score, Time-Related Meal Patterns and Waist Circumference: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2806. [PMID: 36833504 PMCID: PMC9957033 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-processed foods are associated with chronic diseases, cardiometabolic factors and obesity. According to the NOVA system, foods are classified into four categories (from 1 = unprocessed to 4 = ultra-processed foods). The purpose of the present study was to assess the consumption of minimally processed foods (MPF) and ultra-processed foods (UPF) in university students and their relationship with obesity, Mediterranean diet adherence and meal patterns. In total, 346 students (269 women) of the University of Peloponnese participated. A food frequency questionnaire was used, and the MedDietScore was calculated. The % energy contribution of MPF and UPF was calculated. The identification of meal patterns was performed via principal component analysis. Both multivariate regression and Spearman's correlations were used to measure the association of UPF/MPF consumption with anthropometric indices (body mass index, BMI and waist circumference, WC), Mediterranean diet adherence and early/late meal patterns. UPF and MPF provided 40.7 ± 13.6% and 44.3 ± 11.9% (mean ± standard deviation) of energy intake, respectively. In multi-adjusted linear regression models UPF consumption (% energy) was positively associated with WC in men but it was not related to BMI (total sample, men, women). UPF consumption was negatively related to the MedDietScore (Spearman rho = -0.214, p < 0.001) and an "early eating" pattern (Spearman rho = -0.120, p = 0.029) and positively associated with a "late eating" meal pattern (Spearman rho = 0.190, p = 0.001). MPF consumption was positively associated with the MedDietScore (Spearman rho = 0.309, p < 0.001) and an "early eating" pattern (Spearman rho = 0.240, p < 0.001). In conclusion, UPF consumption was positively related to WC in male university students. Nutritional and sociodemographic correlates of UPF consumption, such as low Mediterranean diet adherence and having a "late eating" pattern serve as a basis to better understand the UPF consumption-central obesity relation in young adults and should be considered in nutrition education programs for young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, Athanassaki 2, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilios Dedes
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Dimitra Syka
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | | | - Georgios I. Panoutsopoulos
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
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Detopoulou P, Dedes V, Syka D, Tzirogiannis K, Panoutsopoulos GI. Mediterranean Diet, a Posteriori Dietary Patterns, Time-Related Meal Patterns and Adiposity: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in University Students. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10030064. [PMID: 36135220 PMCID: PMC9497476 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition to university is connected to potentially obesogenic dietary changes. Our aim was to assess the relation of Mediterranean diet adherence, and a posteriori dietary and meal patterns with adiposity in Greek students at the University of the Peloponnese. A total of 346 students (269 women) participated. Anthropometry was performed, and a food frequency questionnaire was administered. The MedDietScore was higher in women and was not linearly related to adiposity. Principal component analysis revealed six patterns: (1) legumes/vegetables/fruits/tea/dairy/whole grains, (2) juice/sodas/liquid calories, (3) olive oil/fats, (4) meat/poultry/fish, (5) alcohol/eggs/dairy and (6) fast foods/sweets. Patterns 4 and 6 were related to overweight/obesity probability (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.995-2.538 and OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.07-6.06, respectively) and higher waist circumference (men). Men "early eaters" (breakfast/morning/afternoon snack) had a higher MedDietScore and lower overweight probability (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.220-1.020). Poor meal and dietary patterns relate to overweight and central obesity, which is important for targeted health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Detopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital Korgialenio Benakio, Athanassaki 2, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Dedes
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Dimitra Syka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | | | - Georgios I. Panoutsopoulos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, New Building, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
- Correspondence:
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Analysis of the Lifestyle of Spanish Undergraduate Nursing Students and Comparison with Students of Other Degrees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095765. [PMID: 35565155 PMCID: PMC9103797 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nursing students are exposed to concepts of healthy lifestyles while they are attending university. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze whether nursing students have a healthier lifestyle than non-nursing students and to determine whether their behaviour is consistent with their beliefs. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with 293 university students was performed by using a validated questionnaire to measure beliefs and behaviour regarding health. Results: The lifestyle pattern of the nursing students evaluated was characterised by a high percentage of nurses with low levels of physical activity, poor balanced diet and smoking habits. The comparative analysis showed no significant differences between nursing students and students from other degrees. Conclusions: Students have a positive attitude and knowledge about healthy lifestyle, but do not transfer it to their own lives. Nurses’ lifestyle can unintentionally affect the behaviour of other people through their own behaviour and beliefs because they serve as a model for a healthy lifestyle. These findings support that nurse educators have an active role as promoter of health by using lessons to modify the behaviour of their students.
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Aiello P, Peluso I, Villaño Valencia D. Alcohol Consumption by Italian and Spanish University Students in Relation to Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and to the Food Neophobia: A Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020393. [PMID: 35207005 PMCID: PMC8872188 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to relate alcohol consumption with adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and with food neophobia (FN) among Italian and Spanish university students. Volunteers (n = 194, 108 Italian and 86 Spanish), recruited at the La Sapienza University of Rome and the Catholic University of Murcia, filled in standardized questionnaires to evaluate alcohol consumption (AUDIT), FN (FN Scale: FNS), and adherence to the MD (MDS-14, MED-55, QueMD). In addition to the previously reported QueMD sub-score (aMED), a sub-score for non-typical MD foods (ntMED, carbonated and/or sugar-sweetened beverages (soft drinks), butter, margarine, or cooking cream, and manufactured sweets, pastries, and cakes) was evaluated. Italian females had higher MED-55 and FNS scores, and a lower AUDIT score than Spaniards (p < 0.01). Students who stayed with their family (resident) were more adherent to MD than those who moved away from home. Resident Italians consumed less beer, hard liquors, and cocktails than Spaniards on Saturday nights (p < 0.01). There were negative correlations between AUDIT and QueMD (R squared: 0.137, p < 0.05), and AUDIT and ntMED (R squared: 0.201, p < 0.01) in Spaniards, however, there was no relationship between AUDIT and other MD scores. In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that non-typical MD foods and Saturday night consumptions, related to being far from home, have a great impact on alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Aiello
- Health Sciences PhD Program, Universidad Católica de Murcia UCAM, Campus de los Jerónimos n°135, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Peluso
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-329-613-1353
| | - Débora Villaño Valencia
- “Nutrición, Estrés Oxidativo y Biodisponibilidad” Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Católica de Murcia UCAM, Campus de los Jerónimos n°135, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
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Rodríguez-Cortés FJ, Morales-Cané I, Rodríguez-Muñoz PM, Cappadona R, De Giorgi A, Manfredini R, Rodríguez-Borrego MA, Fabbian F, López-Soto PJ. Individual Circadian Preference, Eating Disorders and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Dangerous Liaison? A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:167. [PMID: 35204888 PMCID: PMC8870066 DOI: 10.3390/children9020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and other eating disorders are an actual public health problem, especially in childhood and adolescents, and could be also related with chronotype. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the relationship between eating disorders, obesity and the different chronotypes in children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic review of observational studies evaluating young populations dealing with and evaluating chronotype was conducted. Electronic searches were performed in six international databases. A qualitative thematic-categorical analysis was carried out and a random-effects model was used for the quantitative analysis (meta-analysis). RESULTS Fifteen studies were included, but quantitative analysis was only carried out in three of them. Children and adolescents with an evening chronotype had higher body mass index, consumed more junk food or were more predisposed to suffer from food addiction and night eating syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Children and adolescents with evening chronotype had higher tendency to incorrect eating behaviors and were suffering from overweight/obesity. Environment but also lifestyle factors should be considered in the association between chronotype and eating disorders and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Rodríguez-Cortés
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Cordoba, Spain; (F.J.R.-C.); (I.M.-C.); (P.M.R.-M.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Morales-Cané
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Cordoba, Spain; (F.J.R.-C.); (I.M.-C.); (P.M.R.-M.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Pedro Manuel Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Cordoba, Spain; (F.J.R.-C.); (I.M.-C.); (P.M.R.-M.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosaria Cappadona
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Alfredo De Giorgi
- Clinica Medica Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘S.Anna’, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Roberto Manfredini
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Clinica Medica Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘S.Anna’, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Cordoba, Spain; (F.J.R.-C.); (I.M.-C.); (P.M.R.-M.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Fabio Fabbian
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Clinica Medica Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria ‘S.Anna’, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Pablo Jesús López-Soto
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Cordoba, Spain; (F.J.R.-C.); (I.M.-C.); (P.M.R.-M.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
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