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Wu Z, Yang W, Li M, Li F, Gong R, Wu Y. Relationship between Dietary Decanoic Acid and Coronary Artery Disease: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4308. [PMID: 37892384 PMCID: PMC10609701 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a cardiovascular disease with significant personal health and socioeconomic consequences. The biological functions of decanoic acid and the pathogenesis of CAD overlap considerably; however, studies exploring their relationship are limited. METHODS Data from 34,186 Americans from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2018 were analyzed. The relationship between dietary decanoic acid (DDA) and CAD prevalence was explored using weighted multivariate logistic regression models, generalized summation models, and fitted smoothing curves. Stratified analyses and interaction tests were conducted to explore the potential modifiers between them. RESULTS DDA was negatively associated with CAD prevalence, with each 1 g/d increase in the DDA being associated with a 21% reduction in CAD prevalence (odds ratio (OR) 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-1.02). This relationship persisted after log10 and trinomial transformations, respectively. The OR after log10 transformation was 0.81 (95% CI 0.69-0.96), and the OR for tertile 3 compared with tertile 1 was 0.83 (95% CI 0.69-1.00). The subgroup analyses found this relationship to be significant among males and non-Hispanic white individuals, and there was a significant interaction (interaction p-values of 0.011 and 0.012, respectively). CONCLUSIONS DDA was negatively associated with the prevalence of CAD, and both sex and race may modify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Z.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Weichang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Z.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Fengyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanchang First Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Ren Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Z.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (Z.W.); (R.G.)
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Wang Z, Qiang X, Peng Y, Fu W, Zhao Q, He D. Design and synthesis of salidroside analogs and their bioactivity against septic myocardial injury. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106609. [PMID: 37207595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac tissue suffers much from sepsis, and the incidence of myocardial injury is high in septic patients. The treatment of sepsis myocardial injury (SMI) has been the focus of clinical medicine. Salidroside shows myocardial cell protection, anti-oxidation and anti- inflammation effects, and it is thought as one of the potential compounds to treat sepsis myocardial injury. However, its anti-inflammatory activity is lower and its pharmacokinetic properties are not ideal, which is far from clinical application. Here, a series of salidroside analogs were synthesized, and their bioactivities were evaluated from several aspects, including their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and anti-sepsis myocardial injury activities in vivo. Of all the compounds which synthesized, compounds 2 and 3 exhibited stronger anti-inflammatory activities than the others; after treating LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 or H9c2 cells with each of them, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner. In the anti-oxidative stress injury test, compounds 2 and 3 not only markedly increased the survival rate of cells, and but also improved the cellular oxidative stress-related indicators MDA, SOD and cell damage marker LDH in a dose-dependent manner. In the LPS-induced septic rat myocardial injury models (in vivo), the two compounds also showed good bioactivities. They also reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and blocked cell damage by suppressing overhauled oxidation in septic rats. In addition, the myocardial injury was significantly improved and the inflammatory infiltration was reduced after treatment with the two compounds. In conclusion, the salidroside analogs (2 and 3) showed promising therapeutical effect on septic myocardial injury in LPS-model rats, and they could be good candidates for clinical trials against inflammation and septic myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyuan Wang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin Qiang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yijie Peng
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenjie Fu
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Quanyi Zhao
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Dian He
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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3
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Tian X, Chen S, Zuo Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Xu Q, Luo Y, Wu S, Wang A. Association of lipid, inflammatory, and metabolic biomarkers with age at onset for incident cardiovascular disease. BMC Med 2022; 20:383. [PMID: 36352412 PMCID: PMC9647925 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk profiles for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) are unclear. This study aimed to examine baseline risk profiles for incident CVD by age at onset in Chinese population. METHODS A total of 97,841 participants without CVD were enrolled from the Kailuan cohort study. Four age groups were examined (< 55, 55 to < 65, 65 to < 75, and ≥ 75 years) for CVD onset. Risk profiles included clinical, lipid, metabolic, and inflammatory risk factors and biomarkers. RESULTS Of the clinical factors, diabetes was associated with the highest relative risk for incident CVD in participants younger than 55 years (sub-distributional hazard ratio [sHR], 4.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.47-4.80). Risk factors that were also noted for CVD onset in participants younger than 55 years included hypertension, metabolism syndrome, overweight or obese, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Among the biomarkers, insulin resistance measured by triglyceride-glucose index had the highest sHR (1.42; 95% CI, 1.35-1.49) for CVD in participants younger than 55 years. In comparison, weaker but significant associations with CVD in participants younger than 55 years were noted for most lipids, metabolic biomarkers, and inflammatory biomarkers. Most risk factors and biomarkers had associations that attenuated with increasing age at onset. Some biomarkers had similar CVD age association, while a few had no association with CVD onset at any age. CONCLUSIONS These findings showed that diabetes and insulin resistance, in addition to hypertension, metabolism syndrome, overweight or obese, dyslipidemia, and smoking, appeared to be the strongest risk factors for premature onset of CVD, and most risk factors had attenuated relative rates at older ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Xinhua East Rd, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Yingting Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxia Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Xinhua East Rd, Tangshan, 063000, China.
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Coura AGL, de Arruda Neta ADCP, de Lima RLFC, Bersch-Ferreira ÂC, Weber B, Vianna RPDT. Tracking of Dietary Patterns in the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease after a Nutritional Intervention Program-A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224716. [PMID: 36432401 PMCID: PMC9695891 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with a history of previous cardiovascular events have an increased risk of mortality and morbidity, so adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is essential. We aimed to evaluate and compare dietary patterns between the control and the experimental group from the BALANCE Program. A total of 2360 individuals aged 45 years or older with previous cardiovascular disease were included. The individuals were randomized into two groups: intervention (dietary prescription with nutritional recommendations, nutritional education program based on playful strategies, suggestions of typical and accessible Brazilian foods and intensive monitoring) and control (conventional nutritional counseling). The dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis with the principal component extraction method, and the t-Student tests and ANOVA test were performed to evaluate the associated factors. Four dietary patterns were identified for both groups: "Traditional", "Snack", "Western", "Cardioprotective". There was an increase in the variances of the "Cardioprotective" pattern in both groups. Regarding the "Western" pattern, there was a significant reduction in the variances of the experimental group (10.63% vs. 8.14%). Both groups had improvements in eating habits, especially in the first year of follow-up. The greater increase in adherence to the traditional and cardioprotective pattern in the experimental group justifies the initiative of the BALANCE program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Gonçalves Lopes Coura
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58059-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Shu L, Yu D, Jin F. Alcohol intake and the risk of glioma: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis of observational study. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-9. [PMID: 35945657 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The association between alcohol intake and the risk of glioma has been widely studied, but these results have yielded conflicting findings. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and updated meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the association between alcohol intake and the risk of glioma. A systematic literature search of relevant articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wan fang databases up to December 2021 was conducted. Pooled estimated of relative risk (RR) and 95 % CI were calculated using fixed-effects models. A total of eight articles with three case-control studies involving 2706 glioma cases and 2 189 927 participants were included in this meta-analysis. A reduced risk of glioma was shown for the low-moderate alcohol drinking v. non-drinking (RR = 0·87; 95 % CI (0·78, 0·97); P = 0·014). In addition, there was no evidence of an increased risk of glioma in the heavy alcohol drinking compared with non-drinking (RR = 0·89; 95 % CI (0·67, 1·18); P = 0·404). The findings suggest an inverse association between low-moderate alcohol drinking and the risk of glioma, in the absence, however, of a dose-response relationship. More prospective studies are needed to provide further insight into the association between alcohol drinking and glioma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, the People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310013, the People's Republic of China
| | - Fubi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310013, the People's Republic of China
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Meza V, Arnold J, Díaz LA, Ayala Valverde M, Idalsoaga F, Ayares G, Devuni D, Arab JP. Alcohol Consumption: Medical Implications, the Liver and Beyond. Alcohol Alcohol 2022; 57:283-291. [PMID: 35333295 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption represents a major factor of morbidity and mortality, with a wide range of adverse medical implications that practically affect every organ system. It is the fifth major cause of deaths in men and women and causes up to 139 million disability-adjusted life years. Solid evidence places the risk as undoubtedly correlated to the length of time and amount of alcohol consumption. While alcohol-related liver disease represents one of the most studied and well-known consequences of alcohol use, the term itself embodies a wide spectrum of progressive disease stages that are responsible for almost half of the liver-related mortality worldwide. We discuss the staged alcohol-related fatty liver, alcohol-related steatohepatitis and, finally, fibrosis and cirrhosis, which ultimately may end up in a hepatocellular carcinoma. Other comorbidities such as acute and chronic pancreatitis; central nervous system; cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine system; renal disease; urological pathologies; type 2 diabetes mellitus and even infectious diseases are reviewed in their relation to alcohol consumption. This article reviews the impact of alcohol use on different systems and organs, summarizing available evidence regarding its medical implications. It examines current basic and clinical data regarding mechanisms to highlight factors and processes that may be targetable to improve patient outcomes. Although alcohol use is a part of many cultural and social practices, as healthcare providers we must identify populations at high risk of alcohol abuse, educate patients about the potential alcohol-related harm and provide appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Meza
- Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Arnold
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Luis Antonio Díaz
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | | | - Francisco Idalsoaga
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Gustavo Ayares
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Deepika Devuni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School l, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Arab
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
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Zuo Y, Li H, Chen S, Tian X, Mo D, Wu S, Wang A. Joint association of modifiable lifestyle and metabolic health status with incidence of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study. Endocrine 2022; 75:82-91. [PMID: 34345980 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to identify the joint associations of modifiable lifestyle and metabolic factors with the incidences of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. METHODS We recruited 94,831 participants (men, 79.76%; median age, 51.60 [43.47-58.87]) without a history of cardiovascular disease from the Kailuan study during 2006 and 2007 and followed them until a cardiovascular disease event, or death occurred, or until December 31, 2017. Baseline metabolic health status was assessed using Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, and details of the lifestyles of the participants were recorded using a self-reported questionnaire. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the joint associations. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 11.03 years, we recorded 6590 cardiovascular disease events and 9218 all-cause mortality. Participants with the most metabolic risk components and the least healthy lifestyle had higher risk of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio 2.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.77-2.39]) and mortality (HR 1.53 [95% CI 1.31-1.78]), than participants with fewer metabolic risk components and the healthiest lifestyle. Compared with those in participants with the healthiest lifestyle, the HRs for cardiovascular disease in participants with the least healthy lifestyle were 1.26 (95% CI 1.17-1.37), 1.16 (95% CI 1.03-1.31), and 1.07 (95% CI 0.90-1.27) for those with low, medium, and high metabolic risk, respectively. CONCLUSION Healthy lifestyle is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and there is no significant interaction between metabolic risk and a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, a healthy lifestyle should be promoted, even for people with high metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingting Zuo
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xue Tian
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Dapeng Mo
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
| | - Anxin Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Anand C, Hengst K, Gellner R, Englert H. Eight Weeks of Lifestyle Change: What are the Effects of the Healthy Lifestyle Community Programme (Cohort 1) on Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) and Perceived Stress? CHRONIC STRESS 2022; 6:24705470221099206. [PMID: 36187212 PMCID: PMC9523833 DOI: 10.1177/24705470221099206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Stress and cortisol dysregulation are linked to NCDs. Moreover, stress favours unhealthy lifestyle patterns, which increase the risk for NCDs. The role of the Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) and the effect of lifestyle interventions on the same remain unclear. Methods: The impact of the intensive 8-week phase of the Healthy Lifestyle Community Programme (HLCP, cohort 1) on parameters of the CAR, ie cortisol values 0 (sample [S]1), 30), 45 and 60 minutes post-awakening, average peak, S1-peak delta and area under the increase curve (AUCI), and perceived stress levels (PSL) was evaluated in a non-randomized, controlled trial. Covariates of the CAR (eg sleep measures) and irregularities in sampling were assessed. The intervention focussed on stress management, a healthy diet, regular exercise, and social support. Participants were recruited from the general population. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Results: 97 participants (age: 56 ± 10 years; 71% female), with 68 in the intervention group (IG; age: 55 ± 8, 77% female) and 29 participants in the control group (CG; age: 59 ± 12, 59% female), were included in the analysis. The baseline characteristics of both groups were comparable, except participants of IG were younger. On average, the PSL at baseline was low in both groups (IG: 9.7 ± 5.4 points; CG: 8.5 ± 6.9 points; p = .165), but 22% (n = 15) in the IG and 20% (n = 6) in the CG reported a high PSL. Most participants reported irregularities in CAR sampling, eg interruption of sleep (IG: 80% CG: 81%). After 8 weeks, most CAR parameters and the PSL decreased in the IG and CG, resulting in no differences of change between the groups. In the IG only, a decrease of PSL was linked to an increase of CAR parameters, eg AUCI (correlation coefficient = −0.307; p = .017). Conclusion: The HLCP may potentially reduce PSL and change the CAR, but results cannot be clearly attributed to the programme. Methodological challenges and multiple confounders, limit suitability of the CAR in the context of lifestyle interventions. Other measures (eg hair-cortisol) may give further insights. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS); DRKS00018821; www.drks.de
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Anand
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Muenster (WWU), Muenster
- Department of Food Nutrition Facilities, University of Applied Sciences Muenster, Muenster
| | - Karin Hengst
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Muenster (WWU), Muenster
| | | | - Heike Englert
- Department of Food Nutrition Facilities, University of Applied Sciences Muenster, Muenster
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9
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Golder S, McCambridge J. Alcohol, cardiovascular disease and industry funding: A co-authorship network analysis of systematic reviews. Soc Sci Med 2021; 289:114450. [PMID: 34607052 PMCID: PMC8586735 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol's effects on heart health is the site of a major scientific controversy. We conducted a co-authorship network analysis of systematic reviews on the impacts on alcohol on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in order to investigate patterns of co-authorship in the literature, with particular attention given to industry funding. METHODS We used Epistemonikos to identify systematic reviews. Review characteristics, influential authors, co-authorship subnetworks, prior histories of alcohol industry funding, study outcomes and citations were investigated. RESULTS 60 systematic reviews with 231 unique authors met our inclusion criteria. 14 systematic reviews were undertaken by authors with histories of alcohol industry funding, including 5 that were funded directly by the alcohol industry itself. All 14 such reviews identified a cardioprotective effect of alcohol. These formed distinct co-authorship subnetworks within the literature. Of reviews by authors with no prior histories of alcohol industry funding, the findings were mixed, with 54% (25/46) concluding there was evidence of health protective effects. These two groups of reviews differed in other respects. Those with industry funding were more likely to study broader outcomes such as 'cardiovascular disease' or 'coronary heart disease' as opposed to specific CVD issues such as hypertension or stroke (93% [13/14] versus 41% [19/46]) (chi-squared 12.4, p < 0.001) and have more included studies (mean of 29 versus 20). They were also more widely cited by others. Over time the proportions of systematic reviews on CVD and alcohol undertaken by authors with no prior histories of alcohol industry funding has increased. CONCLUSIONS Systematic reviews undertaken by authors with histories of alcohol industry funding were more likely to study broader outcomes, and be cited more widely, and exclusively reported favorable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Golder
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
| | - Jim McCambridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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10
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Kuhail M, Shab-Bidar S, Yaseri M, Djafarian K. Major Dietary Patterns Relationship with Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Gaza-Strip, Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 31:599-610. [PMID: 34483617 PMCID: PMC8365497 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v31i3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association of dietary patterns (DPs) linked to the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) is little known. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between major DPs and the severity of CAD. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among423 newly discovered CAD patients (both genders, aged 35–65 years), who underwent coronary angiography. The severity of CAD was assessed by the Gensini score. All patients were tested using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and other related data through face-to-face interviews. Factor analysis and logistic regression were applied by using SPSS version-24. Results By principal component analysis, two major DPs were identified: “Unhealthy” DP that characterized mainly by high intakes of sugar and sweets, soft drinks, salts, cooking oils, and processed meats, and “Healthy” DP that consisting high intakes of fruits, fish, poultry, vegetables, whole grains. After adjustment for confounding variables, the odds of severe CAD was significantly higher in the third (T3) and second (T2) tertile of the unhealthy pattern by 4.79 and 2.48 times more compared to the first tertile (T1) (OR 4.79; 95%CI 2.60, 8.83; P<0.001) and (OR 2.48; 95%CI 1.40, 4.39; P=0.002), respectively. However, the odds of CAD severity in the T3 and T2 of the healthy pattern was lowered by 0.24 and 0.38 times less compared to the T1 (OR 0.24; 95%CI 0.12, 0.47; P=0.002) and (OR 0.38; 95%CI 0.20, 0.73; P=0.006), respectively. Conclusion The severity of CAD was significantly increased by the unhealthy dietary pattern, while decreased by adherence to the healthy pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kuhail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International-Campus. Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International College, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International-Campus. Tehran, Iran
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Sanlier N, Üstün D. Egg consumption and health effects: A narrative review. J Food Sci 2021; 86:4250-4261. [PMID: 34472102 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was planned and conducted to investigate the effects of egg consumption on metabolic syndrome components and potential mechanisms of action on humans. Egg, an important source of animal protein, is defined as a functional food containing various bioactive compounds that can affect the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways. As a matter of fact, the egg can show immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, or antihypertensive effects with its bioactive components. It is claimed that egg consumption may protect individuals against metabolic syndrome by increasing HDL-C levels and reducing inflammation. The increase in egg consumption creates the perception that it may lead to cardiovascular diseases due to its cholesterol content. However, there is insufficient evidence as to whether dietary cholesterol-lowers LDL-C. The possible potential mechanisms of egg impact on human health, MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central, www.ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and selected websites including) and databases were examined in this regard. With a view to delving into the rather mysterious relationship between egg cholesterol and blood cholesterol, it is necessary to understand the absorption of cholesterol from the egg and to know the functioning of the intestinal microbiota. Studies conducted to date have generally yielded inconsistent results regarding egg consumption and risks of CVD, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Sanlier
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Üstün
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Hassani Zadeh S, Mansoori A, Hosseinzadeh M. Relationship between dietary patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:1470-1478. [PMID: 33269500 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease. Previous studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns and NAFLD, but their results are contradictory. Therefore, we carried out this meta-analysis to examine the association between dietary patterns and NAFLD. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases until November 14, 2019, to identify the observational studies on the association between dietary patterns and NAFLD. We selected three dietary patterns of Western, Prudent, and Mediterranean. A random-effect model was used to compute the summary risk estimates. Odds ratios (ORs) that were reported for fully adjusted models and their confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochran's Q- and I2 tests. Eighteen articles (n = 24 867 participants) were entered our systematic review and meta-analysis. RESULTS We determined that Western dietary patterns (n = 8787 participants) containing high levels of processed food, red meat, high-fat dairy, and refined grains could significantly increase NAFLD (OR = 1.56, CI = 1.27 to 1.92; P ≤ 0.001). However, the Prudent (n = 13 023 participants) (OR = 0.78, CI = 0.71 to 0.85; P ≤ 0.001) and Mediterranean dietary patterns (n = 3057 participants) (OR = 0.77, CI = 0.60 to 0.98; P = 0.41), defined by high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and olive oil decreased the risk of this disease. CONCLUSIONS We found that Western dietary patterns increased the risk of NAFLD by 56%, although the Prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns reduced the risk of this disease by 22% and 23%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hassani Zadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Anahita Mansoori
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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13
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Dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease risk: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr J 2021; 20:4. [PMID: 33419440 PMCID: PMC7796538 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have reported the association between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), however a consistent perspective hasn't been established to date. Herein, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between dietary patterns and CKD. METHODS MEDLINE, EBSCO and references from eligible studies were searched for relevant articles published up to 9 May 2020 that examined the association of common dietary patterns and CKD. The heterogeneity among studies was assessed by Cochran's Q test and I2 methods. RESULTS Seventeen eligible studies, involving 149,958 participants, were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. The highest compared with the lowest category of healthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with a lower risk of CKD (OR=0.69; CI: 0.57, 0.84; P=0.0001). A higher risk of CKD was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of Western-type dietary pattern (OR=1.86; CI: 1.21, 2.86; P=0.005). There were evidence of a lower risk of CKD in the highest compared with the lowest categories of light-moderate drinking pattern (OR=0.76; CI: 0.71, 0.81; P< 0.0001) and heavy drinking pattern (OR=0.67; CI: 0.56, 0.80; P< 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis show that a healthy dietary pattern and alcohol drinking were associated with lower risk of CKD, whereas a Western-type dietary pattern was associated with higher risk of CKD.
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14
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Djoussé L, Ho YL, Nguyen XMT, Quaden RM, Gagnon DR, Gaziano JM, Cho K. Egg consumption and risk of coronary artery disease in the Million Veteran Program. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:2842-2847. [PMID: 31902601 PMCID: PMC7311223 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Limited and inconsistent data are available on the relation between egg consumption and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and it is unclear if adiposity or type 2 diabetes modifies egg-MI relation. We tested the primary hypothesis that egg consumption is positively associated with incidence of MI among veterans. In secondary analyses, we examined potential effect modification of egg-MI relation by adiposity and type 2 diabetes. METHODS We analyzed data collected on 188,267 US veterans who were enrolled in the Million Veteran Program (MVP) from 2011 to 2018. Information on egg consumption was obtained via self-administered food frequency questionnaire and we used electronic health records to identify incident MI. RESULTS The mean age was 64.4 (SD = 12.0) years and 9.9% of the population were female. We ascertained 10,260 new cases of non-fatal MI during an average follow up of 3.24 years (range: 0.002 to 7.49 y). Hazard ratio (95% CI) for non-fatal MI were 1.00 (ref), 0.93 (0.85-0.1.02), 0.96 (0.87-1.05), 0.98 (0.89-1.07), 1.08 (0.98-1.19), 1.11 (1.00-1.24), and 1.13 (1.00-1.28) for egg consumption of <1/month, 1-3/month, 1/week, 2-4/week, 5-6/week, 1/d, and 2+/d, respectively, controlling for age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking, exercise, alcohol intake, and overall dietary pattern (p non-linear trend 0.019). In secondary analyses, we observed similar results with a composite endpoint including fatal MI, coronary angioplasty and revascularization. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed no association of infrequent consumption of eggs with non-fatal MI but a slightly elevated risk with intake of 1 or more eggs per day among US veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Djoussé
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yuk-Lam Ho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuan-Mai T Nguyen
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel M Quaden
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David R Gagnon
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns and the risk of chronic disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:1133-1144. [PMID: 32600500 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520002330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to fully review the association of empirical dietary patterns with the risk of non-communicable chronic diseases and to rate the quality of the evidence. Published meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the association of empirically derived dietary patterns with the risk of chronic diseases were identified by searching PubMed and Scopus till September 2019. Two independent reviewers extracted the information and rated the quality of the evidence by NutriGrade score. For each meta-analysis, cross-sectional and case–control studies were excluded and then summary relative risk was recalculated by using a random-effects model. Sixteen meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, reporting eighteen SRR for healthy dietary patterns and sixteen SRR for unhealthy patterns obtained from 116 primary prospective cohort studies with 4·8 million participants, were included. There was moderate quality of evidence for the inverse association of healthy dietary patterns with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), fracture and colorectal and breast cancers. There was also low-quality evidence for the inverse relation between healthy dietary patterns and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, depression, CHD and respiratory diseases. There was moderate quality of evidence for a positive association between unhealthy dietary patterns and the risk of T2D, fracture and the metabolic syndrome. Adopting a healthy dietary pattern may reduce the risk of T2D, CHD and premature death. More research is needed for outcomes for which the quality of the evidence was rated low, such as respiratory disease, mental illness and site-specific cancers.
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16
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Wagner S, Lioret S, Girerd N, Duarte K, Lamiral Z, Bozec E, Van den Berghe L, Hoge A, Donneau AF, Boivin JM, Mercklé L, Zannad F, Laville M, Rossignol P, Nazare JA. Association of Dietary Patterns Derived Using Reduced-Rank Regression With Subclinical Cardiovascular Damage According to Generation and Sex in the STANISLAS Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e013836. [PMID: 32200718 PMCID: PMC7428593 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The diet impact on cardiovascular diseases has been investigated widely, but the association between dietary patterns (DPs) and subclinical cardiovascular damage remains unclear. More informative DPs could be provided by considering metabolic syndrome components as intermediate markers. This study aimed to identify DPs according to generation and sex using reduced‐rank regression (RRR) with metabolic syndrome components as intermediate markers and assess their associations with intima‐media thickness, left ventricular mass, and carotid‐femoral pulse‐wave velocity in an initially healthy population‐based family study. Methods and Results This study included 1527 participants from the STANISLAS (Suivi Temporaire Annuel Non‐Invasif de la Santé des Lorrains Assurés Sociaux) cohort fourth examination. DPs were derived using reduced‐rank regression according to generation (G1: age ≥50 years; G2: age <50 years) and sex. Associations between DPs and cardiovascular damage were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models. Although identified DPs were correlated between generations and sex, qualitative differences were observed: whereas only unhealthy DPs were found for both men generations, healthy DPs were identified in G2 (“fruity desserts”) and G1 (“fiber and w3 oil”) women. The “alcohol,” “fast food and alcohol,” “fried, processed, and dairy products,” and “meat, starch, sodas, and fat” DPs in G1 and G2 men and in G1 and G2 women, respectively, were associated with high left ventricular mass (β [95% CI], 0.23 [0.10–0.36], 0.76 [0.00–1.52], 1.71 [0.16–3.26], and 1.80 [0.45–3.14]). The “alcohol” DP in G1 men was positively associated with carotid‐femoral pulse‐wave velocity (0.22 [0.09–0.34]). Conclusions The DPs that explain the maximum variation in metabolic syndrome components had different associations with subclinical cardiovascular damage across generation and sex. Our results indicate that dietary recommendations should be tailored according to age and sex. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01391442.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Wagner
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Paris University Paris France.,UMR1153 Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Research Team on Early Life Origins of Health Inserm Paris France
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Kevin Duarte
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Zohra Lamiral
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Erwan Bozec
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Laurie Van den Berghe
- CarMeN Laboratory Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes Univ-Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 Hospices Civils de Lyon F-CRIN/FORCE Network Pierre Bénite, Lyon France
| | - Axelle Hoge
- Département des Sciences de la Santé Publique Université de Liège Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Marc Boivin
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Ludovic Mercklé
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Martine Laville
- CarMeN Laboratory Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes Univ-Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 Hospices Civils de Lyon F-CRIN/FORCE Network Pierre Bénite, Lyon France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- INSERM CIC 1433 Nancy CHRU Inserm U1116 FCRIN INI-CRCT University of Lorraine Nancy France
| | - Julie-Anne Nazare
- CarMeN Laboratory Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes Univ-Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 Hospices Civils de Lyon F-CRIN/FORCE Network Pierre Bénite, Lyon France
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17
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Latent profile analysis of dietary intake in a community-dwelling sample of older Americans. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:243-253. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:To estimate latent dietary profiles in a community-dwelling sample of older Americans and identify associations between dietary profile membership and individual demographic, socio-economic and health characteristics.Design:Secondary analysis of the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and linked 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). Latent profile analysis identified mutually exclusive subgroups of dietary intake and bivariate analyses examined associations between dietary profile membership, participant characteristics and nutrient intakes.Setting:USA.Participants:An analytic sample of 3558 adults aged 65 years or older.Results:Four dietary profiles were identified with 15·5 % of the sample having a ‘Healthy’ diet, 42·0 % consuming a ‘Western’ diet, 29·7 % having a diet consisting of high intake of all food groups and 12·7 % reporting relatively low intake of all food groups. Members of the ‘Healthy’ profile reported the greatest socio-economic resources and health, and members of the ‘Low Intake’ profile had the fewest resources and worst health outcomes. Macronutrient and micronutrient intakes varied across profile although inadequate and excessive intakes of selected nutrients were observed for all profiles.Conclusions:We identified dietary patterns among older Americans typified by either selective intake of foods or overall quantity of foods consumed, with those described as ‘Low Intake’ reporting the fewest socio-economic resources, greatest risk of food insecurity and the worst health outcomes. Limitations including the presence of measurement error in dietary questionnaires are discussed. The causes and consequences of limited dietary intake among older Americans require further study and can be facilitated by the HRS and HCNS.
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18
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He Z, Ding R, Wu F, Wu Z, Liang C. Excess Alcohol Consumption: A Potential Mechanism Behind the Association Between Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Coronary Artery Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:3516-3517. [PMID: 30367306 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonggui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415, Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Ahola AJ, Gordin D, Forsblom C, Groop PH. Association between diet and measures of arterial stiffness in type 1 diabetes - Focus on dietary patterns and macronutrient substitutions. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:1166-1172. [PMID: 30292475 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased arterial stiffness contributes to diabetic vascular complications. We identified dietary factors related to arterial stiffness in individuals with type 1 diabetes, a population with high risk of cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Altogether, 612 participants (40% men, mean ± standard deviation age 45 ± 13 years) completed a validated diet questionnaire and underwent measurements of arterial stiffness. Of these, 470 additionally completed a food record. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to identify dietary patterns from the diet questionnaires, and nutrient intakes were calculated from food record entries. Arterial stiffness was measured by applanation tonometry. Of the seven dietary factors formed, the factor scores of "Full-fat cheese and eggs" and "Sweet" patterns were negatively associated with measures of arterial stiffness. In the multivariable macronutrient substitution models, favouring carbohydrates over fats was associated with higher aortic mean arterial pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity. When carbohydrates were consumed in place of proteins, higher aortic pulse pressure, aortic mean arterial pressure, and augmentation index were recorded. Replacing energy from alcohol with proteins, was associated with lower aortic pulse pressure, aortic mean arterial pressure, and augmentation index. Relative distributions of dietary fatty acids were neutral with respect to the measures of arterial stiffness. CONCLUSION The macronutrient distribution of the diet is likely to affect the resilience of the arteries. Our observations suggest that reducing energy intake from carbohydrates and alcohol may be beneficial. These observations, especially those dealing with dietary patterns, need to be confirmed in a longitudinal study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Ahola
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - D Gordin
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Finland; Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory Section of Vascular Cell Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - C Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - P-H Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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20
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Genetic susceptibility of five tagSNPs in the endothelin-1 ( EDN1) gene to coronary artery disease in a Chinese Han population. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171320. [PMID: 29654172 PMCID: PMC6205642 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays important roles in endothelial dysfunction, vascular physiology, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Nonetheless, the role of ET-1 (EDN1) gene variants on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of EDN1 gene polymorphisms on individual susceptibility to CAD. We genotyped five tagSNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) (rs6458155, rs4145451, rs9369217, rs3087459, and rs2070699) within EDN1 gene in 525 CAD patients and 675 control subjects. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, we detected an association of rs6458155 in EDN1 gene with the CAD risk; compared with the TT homozygotes, the CT heterozygotes (odds ratio (OR) = 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–2.29, P=0.040) and the CC homozygotes (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01–2.36, P=0.043) were statistically significantly associated with the increased risk for CAD. A similar trend of the association was found in dominant model (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.05–2.25, P=0.029). Consistently, the haplotype rs6458155C-rs4145451C containing rs6458155 C allele exhibited the increased CAD risk (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.03–1.43, and P=0.018). In addition, CT genotype of rs6458155 conferred the increased plasma ET-1 levels compared with TT genotype (P<0.05). No association of the other four tagSNPs in EDN1 gene with CAD risk was observed. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence that EDN1 tagSNP rs6458155 is associated with CAD risk in the Chinese Han population, which is probably due to the influence of the circulating ET-1 levels.
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21
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O'Neill D, Britton A, Hannah MK, Goldberg M, Kuh D, Khaw KT, Bell S. Association of longitudinal alcohol consumption trajectories with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of six cohort studies using individual participant data. BMC Med 2018; 16:124. [PMID: 30131059 PMCID: PMC6103865 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that alcohol intake trajectories differ in their associations with biomarkers of cardiovascular functioning, but it remains unclear if they also differ in their relationship to actual coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence. Using multiple longitudinal cohort studies, we evaluated the association between long-term alcohol consumption trajectories and CHD. METHODS Data were drawn from six cohorts (five British and one French). The combined analytic sample comprised 35,132 individuals (62.1% male; individual cohorts ranging from 869 to 14,247 participants) of whom 4.9% experienced an incident (fatal or non-fatal) CHD event. Alcohol intake across three assessment periods of each cohort was used to determine participants' intake trajectories over approximately 10 years. Time to onset for (i) incident CHD and (ii) fatal CHD was established using surveys and linked medical record data. A meta-analysis of individual participant data was employed to estimate the intake trajectories' association with CHD onset, adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS Compared to consistently moderate drinkers (males: 1-168 g ethanol/week; females: 1-112 g ethanol/week), inconsistently moderate drinkers had a significantly greater risk of incident CHD [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.37]. An elevated risk of incident CHD was also found for former drinkers (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.13-1.52) and consistent non-drinkers (HR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.21-1.78), although, after sex stratification, the latter effect was only evident for females. When examining fatal CHD outcomes alone, only former drinkers had a significantly elevated risk, though hazard ratios for consistent non-drinkers were near identical. No evidence of elevated CHD risk was found for consistently heavy drinkers, and a weak association with fatal CHD for inconsistently heavy drinkers was attenuated following adjustment for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Using prospectively recorded alcohol data, this study has shown how instability in drinking behaviours over time is associated with risk of CHD. As well as individuals who abstain from drinking (long term or more recently), those who are inconsistently moderate in their alcohol intake have a higher risk of experiencing CHD. This finding suggests that policies and interventions specifically encouraging consistency in adherence to lower-risk drinking guidelines could have public health benefits in reducing the population burden of CHD. The absence of an effect amongst heavy drinkers should be interpreted with caution given the known wider health risks associated with such intake. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03133689 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara O'Neill
- CLOSER, Department of Social Science, Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Annie Britton
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mary K Hannah
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- Inserm UMS 011, Villejuif, France and Paris Descartes University, Villejuif, France
| | - Diana Kuh
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- UK MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, London, UK
| | - Kay Tee Khaw
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven Bell
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Abstract
CHD is becoming an increasing priority worldwide, as it is one of the main causes of death in low- and middle-income countries lately. This study aims to evaluate the association between beverage consumption patterns and the risk of CHD among Mexican adult population. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from 6640 adults participating in the Health Workers' Cohort Study. Factor analysis was performed to identify beverage patterns using sex-specific Framingham prediction algorithms to estimate CHD risk. The prevalence of moderate to high CHD risk was 17·8 %. We identified four major beverage consumption patterns, which were categorised as alcohol, coffee/tea, soft drinks and low-fat milk. We observed a lower risk of CHD (OR=0·61; 95 % CI 0·46, 0·80; and OR=0·58; 95 % CI 0·43, 0·79, respectively) among participants in the upper quintile of alcohol or low-fat milk consumption compared with those in the bottom quintile. In contrast, a higher consumption of soft drinks was positively associated with CHD risk (OR=1·64; 95 % CI 1·21, 2·20) when compared with other extreme quintiles. Finally, coffee/tea consumption was not significantly associated with CHD risk. Our findings suggest that a beverage pattern characterised by a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages may be associated with an increased risk of CHD among the Mexican adult population, whereas patterns of moderate alcohol intake and low-fat milk may be associated with a reduced risk.
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Ilic M, Grujicic Sipetic S, Ristic B, Ilic I. Myocardial infarction and alcohol consumption: A case-control study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198129. [PMID: 29864160 PMCID: PMC5986147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although epidemiological evidence for the beneficial effect of low alcohol consumption on myocardial infarction is strong, the impact of heavy drinking episodes is less clear. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate a possible association between the risk for acute myocardial infarction occurrence and alcohol consumption. Methods Our hospital-based case-control study comprised 374 participants (187 newly diagnosed patients with myocardial infarction and 187 controls, individually matched by gender, age, and place of residence). This study was performed in Kragujevac (a city in Serbia) during 2010. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results The history of alcohol consumption in patients with acute myocardial infarction and their controls did not differ significantly: the percentage of those that were consuming alcohol was slightly higher in cases (54.5%) than in controls (50.3%). The habit of binge drinking during the previous 12 months was significantly more common in cases (25.1%) than in controls (12.8%): adjusted OR = 2.2 (95%CI = 1.2–4.2, p = 0.017), p for trend = 0.015. Analysis of binge drinking by age, gender and place of residence revealed that the increase in risk for acute myocardial infarction was associated with older age (adjusted OR = 5.1, 95%CI = 1.7–15.1, p for trend = 0.010), male gender (adjusted OR = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.1–5.2, p for trend = 0.028) and rural place of residence (adjusted OR = 4.8, 95%CI = 1.3–18.5, p for trend = 0.033). Conclusion Our results suggest that binge drinking is associated with twice the risk for myocardial infarction compared to not drinking. Since consumption of alcohol is very common in the Serbian population, the effect of binge drinking on myocardial infarction should be considered an important public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Ilic
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Branko Ristic
- Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Irena Ilic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Zhu Z, Wang Y, Liao W, Li H, Wang D. Effect of various Danshen injections on patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11062. [PMID: 29901609 PMCID: PMC6023694 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have a certain risk of vascular complications, including coronary restenosis and thrombosis. Many recent randomized controlled trials have reported that Danshen injection (DSI) combined with conventional Western medicine can significantly reduce the occurrence of major cardiovascular adverse events in patients with CHD after PCI. However, there are many types of DSIs, and no study has yet compared each type. Therefore, we propose a study protocol for the systematic evaluation of the efficacy of various DSIs in the treatment of CHD after PCI. METHODS We will search the following electronic databases for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of DSI in patients with CHD after PCI: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Ovid Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database. Each database will be searched from inception to April 2018. The entire process will include study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, pairwise meta-analyses, and network meta-analyses. RESULTS This proposed study will compare the efficacy of different DSIs in the treatment of patients with CHD after PCI. The outcomes will include major cardiovascular adverse events and left ventricular ejection fraction. CONCLUSION This proposed systematic review will evaluate the different advantages of various types of DSIs in the treatment of patients with CHD after PCI. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018092705).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Zhu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Yuanping Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Weilin Liao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Huimin Li
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Dawei Wang
- Shunde Hospital Affiliated of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shunde, China
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Lee K. Sex-Specific Associations of Risk-Based Alcohol Drinking Level with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the 10-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Scores. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1503-1510. [PMID: 29852058 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess sex-specific associations between risk-based alcohol drinking levels and the 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. METHODS Data from 9,995 Koreans (4,249 men, 5,746 women), aged 40 to 79 years who did not have CVD and participated in the 2011 to 2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, were used to assess risk-based alcohol drinking levels in the past year (no drinking, drinking at low risk, and drinking at risk) categorized by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, components of the 10-year CVD risk scores using the Adult Treatment Panel III risk score and the 10-year hard atherosclerotic CVD risk score, CV risk factors, and confounding factors (age, smoking status, body mass index, educational attainment, income level, and physical activity). RESULTS Drinking levels had positive associations with blood pressure and levels of glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and inverse associations with levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-HDL-C and ratio of total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C in men, while higher drinking levels were associated with higher HDL-C levels and lower ratio of TC to HDL-C in women after adjusting for confounding factors (p for trend < 0.001). With respect to the 10-year CVD risk scores, higher drinking levels were associated with lower scores in both sexes (p for trend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Risk-based drinking levels were more likely to have dose-dependent associations with CV risk factors in men than in women and had inverse relationships with 10-year CVD risk in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (from the Million Veteran Program). Am J Cardiol 2018; 121:1162-1168. [PMID: 29580627 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Moderate alcohol consumption has been associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the general population but has not been well studied in US veterans. We obtained self-reported alcohol consumption from Million Veteran Program participants. Using electronic health records, CAD events were defined as 1 inpatient or 2 outpatient diagnosis codes for CAD, or 1 code for a coronary procedure. We excluded participants with prevalent CAD (n = 69,995) or incomplete alcohol information (n = 8,449). We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for CAD, adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, race, smoking, education, and exercise. Among 156,728 participants, the mean age was 65.3 years (standard deviation = 12.1) and 91% were men. There were 6,153 CAD events during a mean follow-up of 2.9 years. Adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CAD were 1.00 (reference), 1.02 (0.92 to 1.13), 0.83 (0.74 to 0.93), 0.77 (0.67 to 0.87), 0.71 (0.62 to 0.81), 0.62 (0.51 to 0.76), 0.58 (0.46 to 0.74), and 0.95 (0.85 to 1.06) for categories of never drinker; former drinker; current drinkers of ≤0.5 drink/day, >0.5 to 1 drink/day, >1 to 2 drinks/day, >2 to 3 drinks/day, and >3 to 4 drinks/day; and heavy drinkers (>4 drinks/day) or alcohol use disorder, respectively. For a fixed amount of ethanol, intake at ≥3 days/week was associated with lower CAD risk compared with ≤1 day/week. Beverage preference (beer, wine, or liquor) did not influence the alcohol-CAD relation. Our data show a lower risk of CAD with light-to-moderate alcohol consumption among US veterans, and drinking frequency may provide a further reduction in risk.
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Tayyem RF, Al-Shudifat AE, Johannessen A, Bawadi HA, AbuMweis SS, Agraib LM, Allhedan SS, Haj-Husein I, Azab M. Dietary patterns and the risk of coronary heart disease among Jordanians: A case-control study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:262-269. [PMID: 29237548 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dietary pattern and lifestyle have been reported to be significant risk factors in the development of coronary heart diseases (CHD). The contribution degree of these dietary risk factors in CHD development in non-westernized countries is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate several dietary choices and their potential association with CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS A case-control study was conducted at Prince Hamza Hospital, a referral center for coronary angiography in Amman, Jordan. Four-hundred patients referring for elective coronary angiography with clinical suspicion of coronary artery disease were enrolled. Data was collected using interview-based questionnaires. Dietary patterns were derived using Principal Component Analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between dietary choices and CHD. Three dietary patterns were identified. The "Healthy Dietary Pattern", which presented a diet rich in olive oil, fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fish, and low meat intake, was associated with a significant decrease in the odds of CHD (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.28-0.98). The "High-Fiber Pattern", which is mainly composed of legumes and bulgur, significantly reduced the odd of CHD (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.27-0.92) for the fourth quartile compared to the first one. No significant association was found between CHD and the "Western Dietary Pattern", which is loaded with refined grains, sweets and deserts, sugary drinks, and deep fried foods. CONCLUSIONS The "Healthy Dietary Pattern" and the "High-Fiber Pattern" were associated with a decrease in odds of CHD among Jordanians.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Tayyem
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - A E Al-Shudifat
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - A Johannessen
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa, Jordan; Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, PO Box 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - H A Bawadi
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - S S AbuMweis
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - L M Agraib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - S S Allhedan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - I Haj-Husein
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - M Azab
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa, Jordan.
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Ismail SR, Maarof SK, Siedar Ali S, Ali A. Systematic review of palm oil consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193533. [PMID: 29489910 PMCID: PMC5831100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) coupled with the rising availability and consumption of palm oil have lead to the assumption that palm oil contributes to the increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. We aimed at systematically synthesising the association of palm oil consumption with cardiovascular disease risk and cardiovascular disease-specific mortality. METHODS We systematically searched Central, Medline and Embase databases up to June 2017 without restriction on setting or language. We performed separate searches based on the outcomes: coronary heart disease and stroke, using keywords related to these outcomes and palm oil. We searched for published interventional and observational studies in adults (Age: >18 years old). Two investigators extracted data and a consensus was reached with involvement of a third. Only narrative synthesis was performed for all of the studies, as the data could not be pooled. RESULTS Our search retrieved 2,738 citations for stroke with one included study and 1,777 citations for coronary heart disease (CHD) with four included studies. Palmitic acid was reported to be associated with risk of myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 2.76; 95%CI = 1.39-5.47). Total SFA intake was reported to be not significant for risk of MI. Varying intake of fried foods, highest contributor to total SFA with 36% of households using palm oil for frying, showed no significant associations to risk of MI. Odds of developing first non-fatal acute MI was higher in palm oil compared to soybean oil with 5% trans-fat (OR = 1.33; 95%CI = 1.09-1.62) than palm oil compared to soybean oil with 22% trans-fat (OR = 1.16; 95%CI = 0.86-1.56). Nevertheless, these risk estimates were non-significant and imprecise. The trend amongst those taking staple pattern diet (characterised by higher palm oil, red meat and added sugar consumption) was inconsistent across the factor score quintiles. During the years of 1980 and 1997, for every additional kilogram of palm oil consumed per-capita annually, CHD mortality risk was 68 deaths per 100,000 (95% CI = 21-115) in developing countries and 17 deaths per 100,000 (95%CI = 5.3-29) in high-income countries, whereas stroke was associated with 19 deaths per 100,000 (95%CI = -12-49) and 5.1 deaths per 100,000 (95% CI: -1.2-11) respectively. The evidence for the outcomes of this review were all graded as very low. The findings of this review should be interpreted with some caution, owing to the lack of a pooled effect estimate of the association, significant bias in selection criteria and confounding factors, inclusion of other food items together with palm oil, and the possible out-dated trend in the ecological study. CONCLUSION In view of the abundance of palm oil in the market, quantifying its true association with CVD outcomes is challenging. The present review could not establish strong evidence for or against palm oil consumption relating to cardiovascular disease risk and cardiovascular disease-specific mortality. Further studies are needed to establish the association of palm oil with CVD. A healthy overall diet should still be prioritised for good cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Rasheeqa Ismail
- Cardiovascular, Diabetes & Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Khuzaimah Maarof
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syazwani Siedar Ali
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azizan Ali
- Cardiovascular, Diabetes & Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Effect of telehealth interventions on major cardiovascular outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY : JGC 2017; 14:501-508. [PMID: 29089966 PMCID: PMC5653896 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Telehealth interventions (THI) were associated with lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors in adults, whereas the effect of THI on cardiovascular disease (CVD) still remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCT) which investigated potential impact of THI on the incidence of CVD in patients with or without prior CVD. Methods PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify RCTs to fit our analysis through December 2016. Relative risk (RR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to measure the effect of THI using a random-effect model. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, heterogeneity tests, and tests for publication bias were also conducted. Results Eight RCTs were included and with a total of 1635 individuals. The summarized results indicated that participants who received THI showed a significant reduction of the CVD incidence as compared with usual care (RR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.47–0.74; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the effect of THI was greater in patients with history of CVD (RR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44–0.70; P < 0.001) than in patients without history of CVD (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.51–1.94; P = 0.977). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the intervention effect persisted and the conclusion was not changed. Subgroup analysis indicated mean age, study quality might play an important role on the risk of CVD. Conclusions The findings of this study indicated THI could reduce the recurrence of CVD. Further large-scale trials are needed to verify the effect of THI on CVD in healthy individuals.
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Li Y, Lv MR, Wei YJ, Sun L, Zhang JX, Zhang HG, Li B. Dietary patterns and depression risk: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2017; 253:373-382. [PMID: 28431261 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although some studies have reported potential associations of dietary patterns with depression risk, a consistent perspective hasn't been estimated to date. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relation between dietary patterns and the risk of depression. A literature research was conducted searching MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to September 2016. In total, 21 studies from ten countries met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present meta-analysis. A dietary pattern characterized by a high intakes of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, fish, olive oil, low-fat dairy and antioxidants and low intakes of animal foods was apparently associated with a decreased risk of depression. A dietary pattern characterized by a high consumption of red and/or processed meat, refined grains, sweets, high-fat dairy products, butter, potatoes and high-fat gravy, and low intakes of fruits and vegetables is associated with an increased risk of depression. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that healthy pattern may decrease the risk of depression, whereas western-style may increase the risk of depression. However, more randomized controlled trails and cohort studies are urgently required to confirm this findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Outpatient Operation Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Rong Lv
- Department of Nursing, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jin Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Nursing, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai-Guo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Lu PY, Shu L, Shen SS, Chen XJ, Zhang XY. Dietary Patterns and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010038. [PMID: 28067765 PMCID: PMC5295082 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have examined the associations between dietary patterns and pancreatic cancer risk, but the findings have been inconclusive. Herein, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of pancreatic cancer. MEDLINE (provided by the National Library of Medicine) and EBSCO (Elton B. Stephens Company) databases were searched for relevant articles published up to May 2016 that identified common dietary patterns. Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria and were finally included in this meta-analysis. A reduced risk of pancreatic cancer was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy patterns (odds ratio, OR = 0.86; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.77–0.95; p = 0.004) and light–moderate drinking patterns (OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83–0.98; p = 0.02). There was evidence of an increased risk for pancreatic cancer in the highest compared with the lowest categories of western-type pattern (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.06–1.45; p = 0.008) and heavy drinking pattern (OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.48; p = 0.002). The results of this meta-analysis demonstrate that healthy and light–moderate drinking patterns may decrease the risk of pancreatic cancer, whereas western-type and heavy drinking patterns may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. Additional prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Long Shu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Shan-Shan Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Xu-Jiao Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310013, China.
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Mirmiran P, Bahadoran Z, Vakili AZ, Azizi F. Western dietary pattern increases risk of cardiovascular disease in Iranian adults: a prospective population-based study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 42:326-332. [PMID: 28177742 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Limited data are available regarding the association of major dietary patterns and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Middle Eastern countries. We aimed to evaluate the association of major dietary patterns, using factor analysis, with the risk of CVD. Participants without CVD (n = 2284) were recruited from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study and were followed for a mean of 4.7 years. Dietary intake of participants was assessed at baseline (2006-2008); biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examination. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate risk of CVD across tertiles of dietary pattern scores. Linear regression models were used to indicate association of dietary pattern scores with changes of CVD risk factors over the study period. Two major dietary patterns, Western and traditional, were identified. During a mean 4.7 ± 1.4 years of follow-up, 57 participants experienced CVD-related events. In the fully adjusted model, we observed an increased risk of CVD-related events in the highest compared to the lowest tertile category of Western dietary pattern score (HR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.03-4.18, P for trend = 0.01). Traditional dietary pattern was not associated with incidence of CVD or CVD risk factors. A significant association was observed between the Western dietary pattern and changes in serum insulin (β = 5.88, 95% CI = 0.34-11.4). Our findings confirm that the Western dietary pattern, characterized by higher loads of processed meats, salty snacks, sweets, and soft drinks, is a dietary risk factor for CVD in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- a Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahadoran
- b Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Student Research Committee, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Zadeh Vakili
- c Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- d Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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KWON HJ, CHO IR, PARK HJ, KIM TY. Effects of Alcohol Consumption Frequency on Health Index in Korean Women. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 45:997-1003. [PMID: 27928525 PMCID: PMC5139980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we examined the status of Korean women's alcohol consumption and identified the physical changes they undergo according to the level of consumption. The results of this study may thus be used as raw data to effectively control women' drinking habits. METHODS This study consists of a secondary analysis using data from female participants in the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(2013-2014, V-2). In total, 863 women were finally selected to analyze their anthropometric data [height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference], blood parameters (total cholesterol, triglyceride, and feeding glucose), blood pressure profile (systolic/diastolic), and nutrients (carbohydrate, protein, lipid, and total energy intake). RESULTS Women's alcohol consumption contributed significantly to an increase in body weight, body fat, and BMI as well as to an increase in total energy intake resulting from increased fat consumption. Further, the systolic blood pressure increased significantly when women were exposed to alcohol. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that alcohol consumption in women is associated with a range of adverse health implications. Notably, an increase in drinking frequency significantly affects their body weight, blood parameters, and nutrients, thus posing substantial health risks to the women, including obesity. Therefore, the Korean government should help women curve their drinking habits through regular training and campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Ju KWON
- Asia Contents Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding Author:
| | - Ik-Rae CHO
- College of Education, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Joo PARK
- College of Education, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Young KIM
- College of Education, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea
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Liu B, Du Y, Cong L, Jia X, Yang G. Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) Compounds Improve the Biochemical Indices of the Patients with Coronary Heart Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2016; 2016:9781715. [PMID: 27366196 PMCID: PMC4913020 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9781715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Danshen was able to reduce the risk of the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the mechanism is still widely unknown. Biochemical indices (lipid profile, markers of renal and liver function, and homocysteine (Hcy)) are closely associated with CHD risk. We aimed to investigate whether the medicine reduces CHD risk by improving these biochemical indices. The patients received 10 Danshen pills (27 mg/pill) in Dashen group, while the control patients received placebo pills, three times daily. The duration of follow-up was three months. The serum biochemical indices were measured, including lipid profiles (LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-C, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein (Apo) A, ApoB, ApoE, and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a))); markers of liver function (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBil), indirect bilirubin (IBil), and direct bilirubin (DBil)); marker of renal function (uric acid (UA)) and Hcy. After three-month follow-up, Danshen treatment reduced the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, Lp(a), GGT, DBil, UA, and Hcy (P < 0.05). In contrast, the treatment increased the levels of HDL-C, ApoA, ApoB, ApoE, TBil, and IBil (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Danshen can reduce the CHD risk by improving the biochemical indices of CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yanhui Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Lixin Cong
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Xiaoying Jia
- Department of Neurology, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China
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Milte CM, McNaughton SA. Dietary patterns and successful ageing: a systematic review. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:423-450. [PMID: 26695408 PMCID: PMC4767865 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nutrition is a key determinant of chronic disease in later life. A systematic review was conducted of studies examining dietary patterns and quality of life, physical function, cognitive function and mental health among older adults. METHODS Literature searches in MEDLINE complete, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Complete, Ageline, Global health, PsycINFO, SCOPUS and EMBASE and hand searching from 1980 up to December 2014 yielded 1236 results. Inclusion criteria included dietary pattern assessment via dietary indices or statistical approaches, a sample of community-dwelling adults aged 45 years and over at baseline and a cross-sectional or longitudinal study design. Exclusion criteria included a single 24-h recall of diet, evaluation of single foods or nutrients, clinical or institutionalised samples and intervention studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the six-item Effective Public Health Practice Project's Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. RESULTS There were 34 articles (11 cross-sectional and 23 longitudinal) included with 23 studies examining dietary indices and 13 studies using empirical analysis. Most studies examined mental health (n = 10) or cognitive function (n = 18), with fewer studies examining quality of life (n = 6) and physical function (n = 8). Although dietary pattern and outcome assessment methods varied, most studies reported positive associations between a healthier diet and better health outcomes. CONCLUSION Overall, the number of studies using dietary patterns to investigate diet and successful ageing is small, and further investigation in longitudinal studies is needed, particularly for quality-of-life outcomes. This review provides support for the importance of a healthy diet for the ageing population globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Milte
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Melbourne, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Melbourne, VIC, 3125, Australia
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