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Ramírez-Trejo L, Núñez-Pastrana R, Soto-Contreras A. Micropropagation of Chayote (Sechium edule L.) var. virens levis in RITA ®. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2759:97-104. [PMID: 38285143 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3654-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Chayote (Sechium edule) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, an important family at the nutritional and medicinal levels, that has been covering international markets. Having vigorous and healthy plants is important for producers, who are very interested in cultivating chayote plants obtained from in vitro tissue culture in their orchards. Bioreactors have become an alternative with high potential for plant propagation, showing significant advantages over micropropagation in semisolid medium, by generating more plant material, larger, and more vigorous. In this chapter, a micropropagation protocol of S. edule in RITA® bioreactors is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizandro Ramírez-Trejo
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Veracruzana, Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Rosalía Núñez-Pastrana
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Veracruzana, Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Anell Soto-Contreras
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Veracruzana, Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz, Mexico
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Rivera-Martínez AR, Aguiñiga-Sánchez I, Cadena-Iñiguez J, Soto-Cruz I, Monroy-García A, Gómez-García G, Ledesma-Martínez E, Weiss-Steider B, Santiago-Osorio E. Fruit Extract of Sechium chinantlense (Lira & F. Chiang) Induces Apoptosis in the Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cell Line. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030667. [PMID: 36771372 PMCID: PMC9920575 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sechium edule (Cucurbitaceae) is a commercial species of chayote and is just one of several species in the genus Sechium, whose extracts inhibit proliferation in tumor cell lines. The capacity of the wild species Sechium chinantlense (SCH) as an antitumor agent is unknown, as is the mechanism of action. In the present study, HeLa cervical cancer and HaCaT normal cell lines were treated with SCH and cell proliferation was inhibited in both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner similar to the effect of the antineoplastic agent cisplatin (Cis). Additionally, SCH arrested cell cycle progression but only in HeLa cells and induced apoptosis, as shown by phosphatidylserine translocation and caspase-3 activation, while Cis did so in both cell lines. Exploration of the mechanism of action of SCH in HeLa cells suggests that apoptosis was mediated by the intrinsic signaling pathway since there was no activation of caspase-8, but there was a release of cytochrome-c. These findings suggest that the SCH extract has the potential to selectively kill tumor cells by promoting apoptosis, without harming nontumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rocío Rivera-Martínez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 09230, Mexico
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 09230, Mexico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 56410, Mexico
| | - Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez
- Innovation in Natural Resource Management, Postgraduate College, Campus San Luis Potosí, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí CP 78622, Mexico
| | - Isabel Soto-Cruz
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 09230, Mexico
| | - Alberto Monroy-García
- Immunology and Cancer Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center (IMSS), Mexico City CP 06720, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Gómez-García
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 09230, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ledesma-Martínez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 09230, Mexico
| | - Benny Weiss-Steider
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 09230, Mexico
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Faculty of High Studies Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City CP 09230, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Antiproliferative Effect of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw., cv. Madre Negra Extracts on Breast Cancer In Vitro. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9090230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sechium edule shows a wide biological diversity. Hybrids and varieties of Sechium edule have been created, producing fruits of different shapes, sizes, colors, tastes, and textures. These hybrids and varieties have been used as food and in traditional medicine. In this research, the antiproliferative activity of the Madre Negra™ genotype of Sechium edule var. amarus silvestrys on the MCF7 breast cancer cell line was assessed. Different extracts in hexane, methanol, and dichloromethane were obtained to perform a bio-guided study. The dichloromethane extract showed the largest significant inhibitory activity (p < 0.05). This extract was separated into 92 fractions, which were reduced to eight fractions by chromogenic identity. Of the eight fractions, two recorded significant antiproliferative activity (p < 0.05) on MCF7, an even higher activity than the total extract. The active metabolites were identified as flavonoids, tannins, and terpenes, of which cucurbitacins I, B, D, and E stood out. The present paper can be considered as preliminary results of our research work.
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Barrera Guzmán LÁ, Cadena Iñiguez J, Legaria Solano JP, Sahagún Castellanos J, Ramírez Ojeda G. POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF DOMESTICATED Sechium edule (CUCURBITACEAE) IN MEXICO. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2022. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v27n3.93485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexico is the centre of origin of the chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw), an important plant in human consumption and in pharmaceuticals. The objective of this study was to determine the potential distribution of domesticated S. edule in Mexico using seven species distribution algorithms, to efficiently manage S. edule resources and help its conservation by identifying patterns of geographic distribution. Otherwise, areas of high suitability can be used to produce improved seed at a lower cost. 162 GBIF occurrence points and nine layers in raster format were used to evaluate seven algorithms of species distribution models. To evaluate the reliability and performance of the models, the statistics Area Under the Curve (AUC) and true skill statistic was used. Predominant climate types were Cwb (33.3 %) and Aw (17.9 %); predominant soil types were leptosol (33.3 %) and phaozem (16.7 %). The seven models showed areas of high suitability (> 0.75) in Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Tabasco, Puebla and Hidalgo states. AUC values for the seven models were > 0.8 and their performance was adequate (0.4 > TSS < 0.7). Classification tree analysis was found to be the best algorithm measured by AUC (0.90); however, the seven models were adequate to explain S. edule distribution in Mexico. S. edule climatic adaptability also allows to be distributed towards the Yucatan Peninsula and western Mexico. The distribution of S. edule in Mexico, according to the studied algorithms, is limited to total annual precipitation and temperature seasonality.
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Iñiguez-Luna MI, Cadena-Iñiguez J, Soto-Hernández RM, Morales-Flores FJ, Cortes-Cruz M, Watanabe KN. Natural Bioactive Compounds of Sechium spp. for Therapeutic and Nutraceutical Supplements. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:772389. [PMID: 35756862 PMCID: PMC9231563 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.772389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are in great demand because certain secondary metabolites (SMs) are sources of antioxidants, flavorings, active substances, or anticancer agents with less aggressiveness and selectivity, among which triterpenes and flavonoids are of importance because they inhibit carcinogenesis. For Sechium spp. P. Br. (chayotes), there is scientific evidence of antiproliferative activity that has occurred when cancer cell lines have been treated with this fruit. In order to compare future therapeutic designs and identify new and ancestral characteristics, triterpenes and flavonoids were determined in contrasting Sechium genotypes. The obtained data were analyzed via a cladistics approach, with the aim of identifying the characteristics and state of phytochemicals and genetic variables. The concentrations of flavonoids and triterpenes were determined, and a more complex composition of secondary metabolites was found in the wild types as compared to their domesticated genotypes. Bitter fruits contained a higher number of SMs, followed by those with a neutral and sweet flavor. A cladogram showed the differentiation of the three groups based on the flavor of the fruits. The diversity of SMs decreases in evolutionary terms, in response to domestication and environmental adaptation. Therefore, genotypes can be feasibly selected based on fruit flavor for gross-breeding, and cytotoxicity can be reduced without losing possible therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Iñiguez-Luna
- Postgrado de Innovación en Manejo de Recursos Naturales, Colegio de Postgraduados, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Interdisciplinary Research Group at Sechium edule in Mexico, A.C., Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez
- Postgrado de Innovación en Manejo de Recursos Naturales, Colegio de Postgraduados, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Interdisciplinary Research Group at Sechium edule in Mexico, A.C., Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández
- Interdisciplinary Research Group at Sechium edule in Mexico, A.C., Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
- Programa de Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Morales-Flores
- Postgrado de Innovación en Manejo de Recursos Naturales, Colegio de Postgraduados, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Interdisciplinary Research Group at Sechium edule in Mexico, A.C., Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Moisés Cortes-Cruz
- Interdisciplinary Research Group at Sechium edule in Mexico, A.C., Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos-INIFAP, Tepatitlán, Mexico
| | - Kazuo N. Watanabe
- Interdisciplinary Research Group at Sechium edule in Mexico, A.C., Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Bandyopadhyay B, Mandal V, Mandal NC. Partial characterization of novel inulin-like prebiotic fructooligosaccharides of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) tuberous roots. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13764. [PMID: 33997995 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The fruits and aerial parts of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) are a popular cook vegetable being used in different parts of the world with ethnomedicinal and pharmacological values. However, the beneficial health attributes of the tuberous roots have been less exploited. The present study aimed to determine the prebiotic potentiality of the storage carbohydrates from this part. The carbohydrate fractions were harvested by hot-water, cold-water, hot-acid, hot-alkali, and hot 80% ethanol treatments following the standard protocol. The fractions were tested for in vitro prebiotic efficacy, hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant potentials, and in vivo health attributes in Swiss albino mice. The partial characterization was performed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and spectroscopic analyses by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The highest prebiotic index was observed in hot-water and ethanol (Et-OH) fractions with the antioxidant IC50 values of 35.46 ± 0.33 and 32.56 ± 0.48 µg/ml, respectively. The HPTLC, FT-IR, and ESI-MS analyses showed that the hot-water and Et-OH carbohydrate fractions are rich in low-degree polymerizing inulin-like fructooligosaccharides (FOS). The fractions had a significant prebiotic index, hypocholesterolemic, and antioxidant activities. The synbiotic combination of the fractions with the probiotic LAB improved gut colonization and gut immune enhancement with significantly lowered triglycerides, serum LDL, and serum VLDL cholesterols. A significantly enhanced HDL cholesterol level proves its health beneficial attributes comparable to the commercial inulin prebiotics. Thus, this plant's novel inulin-like FOS may substitute the high-cost commercial prebiotics for our daily life. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Prebiotics are low-degree polymerizing oligosaccharide food ingredients having multifaceted health benefits. For this reason, there is an ever-increasing global demand for such novel prebiotics. Therefore, finding out some novel prebiotic from conventional food sources may provide an alternative dietary source to fulfill the consumer demand. Sechium edule is a famous cook vegetable used by many ethnic communities across the globe. For the first time, the study revealed novel inulin-like fructooligosaccharides in the tuberous roots having hypocholesterolemic and synbiotic efficacy with GRAS lactic acid bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Bandyopadhyay
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Siksha Bhavan, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India.,Plant and Microbial Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, India
| | - Vivekananda Mandal
- Plant and Microbial Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, India
| | - Narayan C Mandal
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Siksha Bhavan, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
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Farha AK, Gan RY, Li HB, Wu DT, Atanasov AG, Gul K, Zhang JR, Yang QQ, Corke H. The anticancer potential of the dietary polyphenol rutin: Current status, challenges, and perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:832-859. [PMID: 33054344 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1829541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rutin is one of the most common dietary polyphenols found in vegetables, fruits, and other plants. It is metabolized by the mammalian gut microbiota and absorbed from the intestines, and becomes bioavailable in the form of conjugated metabolites. Rutin exhibits a plethora of bioactive properties, making it an extremely promising phytochemical. Numerous studies demonstrate that rutin can act as a chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agent, and its anticancer effects can be mediated through the suppression of cell proliferation, the induction of apoptosis or autophagy, and the hindering of angiogenesis and metastasis. Rutin has been found to modulate multiple molecular targets involved in carcinogenesis, such as cell cycle mediators, cellular kinases, inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, drug transporters, and reactive oxygen species. This review summarizes the natural sources of rutin, its bioavailability, and in particular its potential use as an anticancer agent, with highlighting its anticancer mechanisms as well as molecular targets. Additionally, this review updates the anticancer potential of its analogs, nanoformulations, and metabolites, and discusses relevant safety issues. Overall, rutin is a promising natural dietary compound with promising anticancer potential and can be widely used in functional foods, dietary supplements, and pharmaceuticals for the prevention and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arakkaveettil Kabeer Farha
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Nutrition Translation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Khalid Gul
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Rong Zhang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Yang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, China
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Díaz-de-Cerio E, Verardo V, Fernández-Gutiérrez A, Gómez-Caravaca AM. New insight into phenolic composition of chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.). Food Chem 2019; 295:514-519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rosado-Pérez J, Aguiñiga-Sánchez I, Santiago-Osorio E, Mendoza-Núñez VM. Effect of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (Chayote) on Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Markers in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: An Exploratory Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050146. [PMID: 31137783 PMCID: PMC6562705 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for cognitive deterioration and frailty in older adults. In this regard it has been shown that oxidative stress (OxS) and chronic inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of these alterations. Harmless antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, such as the consumption of Sechium edule (chayote), but the evidence is inconclusive. For this reason, an exploratory study of a single group chosen by convenience sampling, including 12 older adults, with an average age of 71 ± 6 years (10 women and 2 men) with a diagnosis of MetS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria. This exploratory study aimed to determine the effect of the consumption of the dried fruit powder supplement of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (500 mg, 3 times per day) for six weeks on the markers of OxS in elderly adults with MetS. All participants’ OxS markers were measured before and after treatment. There was a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of lipoperoxides (baseline, 0.289 ± 0.04 vs. post-treatment, 0.234 ± 0.06 μmol/L, p < 0.05), together with a significant increase in total antioxidant status (baseline, 0.97 ± 0.18 vs. post-treatment, 1.2 ± 0.12 mmol/L, p < 0.05). In this sense, the oxidative stress index showed a statistically significant decrease (baseline, 1.7 ± 0.78 vs. post-treatment, 0.75 ± 0.87, p < 0.05). A statistically significant decrease in the concentration of TNF-α after treatment was also found (baseline, 5.3 ± 1.4 vs. post-treatment, 3.5 ± 1.3, p < 0.05).Our findings suggest that the consumption of the dry fruit of Sechium edule has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect in older adults with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico.
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico.
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico.
| | - Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico.
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Modulation of Free Amino Acid Profile in Healthy Humans Administered with Mastiha Terpenes. An Open-Label Trial. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060715. [PMID: 29865269 PMCID: PMC6024789 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore whether plasma-free amino acids are modified in response to terpenes administration in healthy humans. In this open-label, single-arm acute trial, seventeen healthy male volunteers were administered with a naturally occurring product of known terpenes-namely mastiha-after overnight fasting. Blood samples were collected at different time points before and after ingestion. We aimed at identifying and quantifying 60 free amino acids in plasma applying Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. A total of 24 free amino acids were quantified. Branched-chain valine significantly decreased 4 h post-ingestion, whereas proline decreased at 6 h and ornithine at 2 h, compared to 0 h. These novel findings demonstrate that free amino acids levels are modulated in response to terpenes intake in healthy subjects.
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