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Gui S, Ni J, Mizutani S, Shigematsu N, Nakanishi H, Kashiwazaki H, Wu Z. A mixture of extracts from natural ingredients reduces the neurotoxic polarization of microglia via modulating NF-κB/NF-E2-related factor 2 activation. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3745-3758. [PMID: 38726426 PMCID: PMC11077187 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxic microglia-provoked neuroinflammation is implicated in cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Supplementation with Ginkgo biloba, phosphatidylserine, Curcuma longa, and propolis is reported to improve the cognitive functions of elderly people; however, the underlying mechanisms of this combination of natural ingredients are unknown. We investigated the effects of a mixture of extracts from propolis, Coffea arabica, Gotu kola, phosphatidylserine, Ginkgo biloba, and Curcuma longa (mixture) on microglia polarization after exposure to amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42, 1 μM) and lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (PgLPS, 1 μg/mL), using MG6 and BV2 microglial cells. Exposure to Aβ1-42 and PgLPS (AL) raised the mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB in MG6 cells and BV2 cells, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in MG6 cells. The mixture dramatically suppressed the mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, but significantly promoted that of IL-10, TGFβ1, and BDNF in AL-exposed MG6 and BV2 cells. Furthermore, the mixture significantly suppressed the nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB but significantly promoted that of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in AL-exposed MG6 and BV2 cells. Furthermore, the mixture significantly ameliorated mitochondrial ROS production but increased mitochondrial membrane potential in MG6 cells. These observations strongly suggest that the mixture demotes the neuropathic polarization of microglia by modulating NF-κB/Nrf2 activation and improving mitochondrial functions. This study supplies the potential mechanisms of the efficacy of a combination of natural ingredients that can be applied in the prevention of cognitive decline in AD and aging by targeting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuge Gui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Norihiro Shigematsu
- Yamada Institute for Health Science, R & D DepartmentYamada Bee Company, Inc.OkayamaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Nakanishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of PharmacyYasuda Women's UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Haruhiko Kashiwazaki
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Zhou Wu
- Department of Aging Science and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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2
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Ayaz A, Zaman W, Radák Z, Gu Y. Harmony in Motion: Unraveling the Nexus of Sports, Plant-Based Nutrition, and Antioxidants for Peak Performance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:437. [PMID: 38671884 PMCID: PMC11047508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between plant-based nutrition, antioxidants, and their impact on athletic performance forms the cornerstone of this comprehensive review. Emphasizing the pivotal importance of dietary choices in the realm of sports, this paper sets the stage for an in-depth exploration of how stress and physical performance are interconnected through the lens of nutrition. The increasing interest among athletes in plant-based diets presents an opportunity with benefits for health, performance, and recovery. It is essential to investigate the connection between sports, plants, and antioxidants. Highlighting the impact of nutrition on recovery and well-being, this review emphasizes how antioxidants can help mitigate oxidative stress. Furthermore, it discusses the growing popularity of plant-based diets among athletes. It elaborates on the importance of antioxidants in combating radicals addressing stress levels while promoting cellular health. By identifying rich foods, it emphasizes the role of a balanced diet in ensuring sufficient intake of these beneficial compounds. Examining stress within the context of sports activities, this review provides insights into its mechanisms and its impact on athletic performance as well as recovery processes. This study explores the impact of plant-based diets on athletes including their types, potential advantages and challenges. It also addresses the drawbacks of relying on plant-based diets, concerns related to antioxidant supplementation and identifies areas where further research is needed. Furthermore, the review suggests directions for research and potential innovations in sports nutrition. Ultimately it brings together the aspects of sports, plant-based nutrition, and antioxidants to provide a perspective for athletes, researchers and practitioners. By consolidating existing knowledge, it offers insights that can pave the way for advancements in the ever-evolving field of sports nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, 1123 Budapest, Hungary;
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
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3
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Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR, Ahmed OS, Abdel-Daim MM, Sayed AM. The role of inflammation in cadmium nephrotoxicity: NF-κB comes into view. Life Sci 2022; 308:120971. [PMID: 36130617 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kidney diseases are major health problem and understanding the underlined mechanisms that lead to kidney diseases are critical research points with a marked potential impact on health. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that occurs naturally and can be found in contaminated food. Kidneys are the most susceptible organ to heavy metal intoxication as it is the main route of waste excretion. The harmful effects of Cd were previously well proved. Cd induces inflammatory responses, oxidative injury, mitochondrial dysfunction and disturbs Ca2+ homeostasis. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a cellular transcription factor that regulates inflammation and controls the expression of many inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, great therapeutic benefits can be attained from NF-κB inhibition. In this review we focused on certain compounds including cytochalasin D, mangiferin, N-acetylcysteine, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, roflumilast, rosmarinic acid, sildenafil, sinapic acid, telmisartan and wogonin and certain plants as Astragalus Polysaccharide, Ginkgo Biloba and Thymus serrulatus that potently inhibit NF-κB and effectively counteracted Cd-associated renal intoxication. In conclusion, the proposed NF-κB involvement in Cd-renal intoxication clarified the underlined inflammation associated with Cd-nephropathy and the beneficial effects of NF-κB inhibitors that make them the potential to substantially optimize treatment protocols for Cd-renal intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Osama S Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt.
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4
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Gonçalves AC, Gaspar D, Flores-Félix JD, Falcão A, Alves G, Silva LR. Effects of Functional Phenolics Dietary Supplementation on Athletes' Performance and Recovery: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4652. [PMID: 35563043 PMCID: PMC9102074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many efforts have been made to identify micronutrients or nutritional strategies capable of preventing, or at least, attenuating, exercise-induced muscle damage and oxidative stress, and improving athlete performance. The reason is that most exercises induce various changes in mitochondria and cellular cytosol that lead to the generation of reactive species and free radicals whose accumulation can be harmful to human health. Among them, supplementation with phenolic compounds seems to be a promising approach since their chemical structure, composed of catechol, pyrogallol, and methoxy groups, gives them remarkable health-promoting properties, such as the ability to suppress inflammatory processes, counteract oxidative damage, boost the immune system, and thus, reduce muscle soreness and accelerate recovery. Phenolic compounds have also already been shown to be effective in improving temporal performance and reducing psychological stress and fatigue. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the effects of dietary phenolics on physical performance and recovery in athletes and sports practitioners. Overall, the reports show that phenolics exert important benefits on exercise-induced muscle damage as well as play a biological/physiological role in improving physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Dário Gaspar
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
| | - José David Flores-Félix
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Research Unit for Inland Development (UDI), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
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5
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Antioxidants Markers of Professional Soccer Players During the Season and their Relationship with Competitive Performance. J Hum Kinet 2021; 80:113-123. [PMID: 34868422 PMCID: PMC8607764 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2021-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess antioxidant markers before and after a mid-season of professional soccer players from the 3rd Spanish Division, and to correlate antioxidant markers with competitive performance. Sixty-five male players (age = 25.3 ± 4.2 yr, body mass = 73.2 ± 6.7 kg, body height = 177.8 ± 5.7 cm) from three soccer clubs from Cádiz (Spain) participated in the study. Body composition, maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), and baseline antioxidant blood markers (Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) and Reduced glutathione/Oxidized glutathione ratio) were assessed in the first week of the championship season (pre-test) and after 18 weeks in the mid-season (post-test). Soccer performance was registered according to the official classification ranking at both the mid-season and at the end of the season; ranking positions for Team A were 2nd and 1st, for Team B were 5th and 5th, while for Team C were 12th and 14th, respectively. Regression analyses showed that TAS and VO2max were able to independently predict (p < 0.05) performance in our participants. Moreover, antioxidant levels showed significant main effects on performance (p < 0.001); where a higher antioxidant capacity was observed in the best performance soccer team, both before and after the mid-season. Notwithstanding, the competitive period compromised the antioxidant status since TAS levels significantly decreased after the 18-week training program and competition compared with baseline values in all soccer teams (p < 0.001). These results suggest the need of monitoring antioxidants in soccer players to prevent excessive oxidative stress and cellular damage which could compromise success in competition, by adjusting the training loads, diet or ergogenic aids, if needed.
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Sun Y, Wang Z, Nie C, Xue L, Wang Y, Song C, Fan M, Qian H, Ying H, Li Y, Wang L. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Alters Fuel Selection From Glucose to Fat by Activating the PPARδ Pathway in Myocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13838-13848. [PMID: 34757740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of fuel selection is critical in skeletal muscle function. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the major bioactive component in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and, in our previous study, has been demonstrated to promote a shift from fast to slow myofiber. However, the effects of HSYA on fuel selection in skeletal muscle and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the in vitro experiments found that water extracts of safflower, rich in HSYA, significantly suppressed the expressions of the genes related to glucose utilization and activated the expressions of the lipolysis genes. Furthermore, HSYA resulted in a shift in substrate utilization toward fat relative to carbohydrates in C2C12 myotubes. Animal tests showed HSYA could significantly reduce the respiratory exchange ratio and prolonge endurance performance in mice and also trigger a switch in intramuscular fuel selection preference from carbohydrates to fat at rest and during exercise. Mechanistic studies revealed that HSYA converted this fuel selection by activating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor δ (PPARδ), and these effects of HSYA could be reversed by specific suppression of PPARδ by PPARδ siRNA. Collectively, our study demonstrated that HSYA can switch substrate utilization from glucose to fat in myocytes by activating PPARδ signaling, resulting in prolonged endurance performance. These findings provided direct evidence for the endurance performance enhancement effect of HSYA and explored new perspectives for the innovation and application of HSYA in the health care industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- COFCO Aerocean Oils & Grain Industrial Co., Ltd, Shawan, NO.1 West Park Road, West Urumqi Road, Shawan County, Tacheng District, Xinjiang Province 832100, China
| | - Chenzhipeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lamei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chunmei Song
- Food & Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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7
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M. Disease-modifying treatment of Parkinson's disease by phytochemicals: targeting multiple pathogenic factors. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:737-753. [PMID: 34654977 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by typical motor symptoms, loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, and accumulation of Lewy body composed of mutated α-synuclein. However, now it is considered as a generalized disease with multiple pathological features. Present available treatments can ameliorate symptoms at least for a while, but only a few therapies could delay progressive neurodegeneration of dopamine neurons. Lewy body accumulates in peripheral tissues many years before motor dysfunction becomes manifest, suggesting that disease-modifying therapy should start earlier during the premotor stage. Long-termed regulation of lifestyle, diet and supplement of nutraceuticals may be possible ways for the disease-modification. Diet can reduce the incidence of Parkinson's disease and phytochemicals, major bioactive ingredients of herbs and plant food, modulate multiple pathogenic factors and exert neuroprotective effects in preclinical studies. This review presents mechanisms underlying neuroprotection of phytochemicals against neuronal cell death and α-synuclein toxicity in Parkinson's disease. Phytochemicals are antioxidants, maintain mitochondrial function and homeostasis, prevent intrinsic apoptosis and neuroinflammation, activate cellular signal pathways to induce anti-apoptotic and pro-survival genes, such as Bcl-2 protein family and neurotrophic factors, and promote cleavage of damaged mitochondria and α-synuclein aggregates. Phytochemicals prevent α-synuclein oligomerization and aggregation, and dissolve preformed α-synuclein aggregates. Novel neuroprotective agents are expected to develop based on the scaffold of phytochemicals permeable across the blood-brain-barrier, to increase the bioavailability, ameliorate brain dysfunction and prevent neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan.
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
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Gravandi MM, Fakhri S, Zarneshan SN, Yarmohammadi A, Khan H. Flavonoids modulate AMPK/PGC-1α and interconnected pathways toward potential neuroprotective activities. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1501-1521. [PMID: 33988807 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
As progressive, chronic, incurable and common reasons for disability and death, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are significant threats to human health. Besides, the increasing prevalence of neuronal gradual degeneration and death during NDDs has made them a global concern. Since yet, no effective treatment has been developed to combat multiple dysregulated pathways/mediators and related complications in NDDs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create influential and multi-target factors to combat neuronal damages. Accordingly, the plant kingdom has drawn a bright future. Among natural entities, flavonoids are considered a rich source of drug discovery and development with potential biological and medicinal activities. Growing studies have reported multiple dysregulated pathways in NDDs, which among those mediator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) play critical roles. In this line, critical role of flavonoids in the upregulation of AMPK/PGC-1α pathway seems to pave the road in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), aging, central nervous system (brain/spinal cord) damages, stroke, and other NDDs. In the present study, the regulatory role of flavonoids in managing various NDDs has been shown to pass through AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | | | - Akram Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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9
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Kim CS, Cha L, Sim M, Jung S, Chun WY, Baik HW, Shin DM. Probiotic Supplementation Improves Cognitive Function and Mood with Changes in Gut Microbiota in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:32-40. [PMID: 32300799 PMCID: PMC7861012 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been proposed to ameliorate cognitive impairment and depressive disorder via the gut–brain axis in patients and experimental animal models. However, the beneficial role of probiotics in brain functions of healthy older adults remains unclear. Therefore, a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled multicenter trial was conducted to determine the effects of probiotics on cognition and mood in community-dwelling older adults. Sixty-three healthy elders (≥65 years) consumed either placebo or probiotics containing Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI for 12 weeks. The gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics. Brain functions were measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease, Satisfaction with life scale, stress questionnaire, Geriatric depression scale, and Positive affect and negative affect schedule. Blood brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Relative abundance of inflammation-causing gut bacteria was significantly reduced at Week 12 in the probiotics group (p < .05). The probiotics group showed greater improvement in mental flexibility test and stress score than the placebo group (p < .05). Contrary to placebo, probiotics significantly increased serum BDNF level (p < .05). Notably, the gut microbes significantly shifted by probiotics (Eubacterium and Clostridiales) showed significant negative correlation with serum BDNF level only in the probiotics group (RS = −0.37, RS = −0.39, p < .05). In conclusion, probiotics promote mental flexibility and alleviate stress in healthy older adults, along with causing changes in gut microbiota. These results provide evidence supporting health-promoting properties of probiotics as a part of healthy diet in the older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Lina Cha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Sim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Woo Young Chun
- Department of Psychology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.,Research Institution of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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Ma X, Chen H, Cao L, Zhao S, Zhao C, Yin S, Hu H. Mechanisms of Physical Fatigue and its Applications in Nutritional Interventions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6755-6768. [PMID: 34124894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Physical fatigue during exercise can be defined as an impairment of physical performance. Multiple factors have been found contributing to physical fatigue, including neurotransmitter-mediated defense action, insufficient energy supply, and induction of oxidative stress. These mechanistic findings provide a sound theoretical rationale for nutritional intervention since most of these factors can be modulated by nutrient supplementation. In this review, we summarize the current evidence regarding the functional role of nutrients supplementation in managing physical performance and propose the issues that need to be addressed for better utilization of nutritional supplementation approach to improve physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lixing Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shutao Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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Machado MMF, Banin RM, Thomaz FM, de Andrade IS, Boldarine VT, de Souza Figueiredo J, Hirata BKS, Oyama LM, Lago JHG, Ribeiro EB, Telles MM. Ginkgo biloba Extract (GbE) Restores Serotonin and Leptin Receptor Levels and Plays an Antioxidative Role in the Hippocampus of Ovariectomized Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2692-2703. [PMID: 33492645 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) was reported to improve the hypothalamic serotonergic system of ovariectomized (OVX) rats, the present study aimed to verify the GbE effects on hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and levels of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), and both the serotonin (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B) and leptin receptors of OVX rats. Two-month-old female Wistar rats had their ovaries surgically removed (OVX) or not (SHAM). After 60 days, OVX rats were gavaged daily with GbE 500 mg kg-1 (OVX+GbE), while SHAM and OVX groups received saline 0.9% (vehicle) for 14 days. Rats were then euthanized, and hippocampi were collected. Both 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B levels were significantly reduced in OVX rats compared to SHAM rats, while 5-HT1A was higher in OVX+GbE rats in comparison to OVX rats. Similarly, LepR levels were increased in OVX+GbE rats compared to OVX rats, reaching similar levels to SHAM rats. Superoxide dismutase activity increased in OVX rats in relation to SHAM rats, which was restored to SHAM levels by GbE treatment. Additionally, GbE significantly increased the glutathione peroxidase activity in comparison to the SHAM group. No differences were observed either in catalase activity or in the levels of 5-HTT, PKCα, TLR-4, NF-κBp50, ERK, and CREB. In summary, our results show a potential effect of GbE on hippocampal pathways involved in feeding behavior, and thus, they suggest that GbE activity might improve menopausal-related hippocampal disorders, offering an alternative therapeutic tool particularly for women to whom hormone replacement therapy may be contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meira Maria Forcelini Machado
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Mancini Banin
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Malanconi Thomaz
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Iracema Senna de Andrade
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Valter Tadeu Boldarine
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica de Souza Figueiredo
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kelly Sousa Hirata
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Ghilardi Lago
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliane Beraldi Ribeiro
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica Marques Telles
- Post-graduate Program in Chemical Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
- Discipline of Nutrition Physiology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Physical Activity and Redox Balance in the Elderly: Signal Transduction Mechanisms. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are molecules naturally produced by cells. If their levels are too high, the cellular antioxidant machinery intervenes to bring back their quantity to physiological conditions. Since aging often induces malfunctioning in this machinery, ROS are considered an effective cause of age-associated diseases. Exercise stimulates ROS production on one side, and the antioxidant systems on the other side. The effects of exercise on oxidative stress markers have been shown in blood, vascular tissue, brain, cardiac and skeletal muscle, both in young and aged people. However, the intensity and volume of exercise and the individual subject characteristics are important to envisage future strategies to adequately personalize the balance of the oxidant/antioxidant environment. Here, we reviewed the literature that deals with the effects of physical activity on redox balance in young and aged people, with insights into the molecular mechanisms involved. Although many molecular pathways are involved, we are still far from a comprehensive view of the mechanisms that stand behind the effects of physical activity during aging. Although we believe that future precision medicine will be able to transform exercise administration from wellness to targeted prevention, as yet we admit that the topic is still in its infancy.
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13
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Żebrowska A, Hall B, Stolecka-Warzecha A, Stanula A, Sadowska-Krępa E. The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Serum Adipocytokines, Lipid Profile and Biochemical Markers of Inflammation in Recreational Runners. Nutrients 2021; 13:456. [PMID: 33573042 PMCID: PMC7912656 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 3-week ω-3 PUFA supplementation on serum adipocytokines (i.e., adiponectin, leptin), neuregulin-4 (NRG4) and erythrocyte omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acid content, as well as the blood antioxidant defense capacity in non-elite endurance runners. METHODS Twenty-four runners were randomized into two groups: the supplemented group, who received omega free fatty acids extract containing 142 mg of EPA, 267 mg of DHA, 12 mg of vitamin E and 5 µg of vitamin D, each administrated at a dose of six capsules twice a day for three weeks, or the placebo group. Venous blood samples were withdrawn at the start and at the end of the study protocols to estimate serum biochemical variables. RESULTS A significantly higher ω-3 index and lower AA/EPA ratio was observed after ω-3 PUFA compared to pre-supplementation levels (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). An increase in baseline adiponectin and NRG4 levels, as well as a decrease of leptin concentration and lipid profile improvement, were observed in subjects after a ω-3 PUFA diet. The increased ω-3 index had a significant effect on TNFα levels and a serum marker of antioxidant defense. CONCLUSIONS The ω-3 PUFA extract with added vitamin E and D supplementation may have a positive effect on the function of the adipocyte tissue, as well as the ability to prevent cardiovascular complications in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Żebrowska
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska Street 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (A.S.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Barbara Hall
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Anna Stolecka-Warzecha
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Silesia Medical University, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Arkadiusz Stanula
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska Street 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (A.S.); (E.S.-K.)
| | - Ewa Sadowska-Krępa
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska Street 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (A.S.); (E.S.-K.)
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14
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Gravesteijn E, Mensink RP, Plat J. Effects of nutritional interventions on BDNF concentrations in humans: a systematic review. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1425-1436. [PMID: 33427118 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1865758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in brain and metabolic health. The fact that higher concentrations are associated with improved cognitive performance has resulted in numerous intervention trials that aim at elevating BDNF levels. This systematic review provides an overview of the relation between various nutritional factors and BDNF concentrations in controlled human intervention studies. Methods: A systematic search in May 2020 identified 48 articles that examined the effects of dietary patterns or foods (n = 3), diets based on energy intake (n = 7), vitamins and minerals (n = 7), polyphenols (n = 11), long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n = 5), probiotics (n = 8), and miscellaneous food supplements (n = 7). Results: In particular, studies with dietary patterns or foods showed increased peripheral BDNF concentrations. There are also strong indications that polyphenols tend to have a positive effect on BDNF concentrations. Four of the 11 included studies with a polyphenol intervention showed a significant increase in BDNF concentrations, one study showed an increase but this was not statistically analyzed, and two studies showed a trend to an increase. Discussion: The two polyphenol classes, phenolic acids, and other phenolic compounds were responsible for the significant effects. No clear effect was found for the other dietary factors, which might also be related to whether serum or plasma was used for BDNF analysis. More work is needed to understand the relation between peripheral and central BDNF concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elske Gravesteijn
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+ (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Mensink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+ (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+ (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
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15
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Li X, Lu L, Chen J, Zhang C, Chen H, Huang H. New Insight into the Mechanisms of Ginkgo Biloba Extract in Vascular Aging Prevention. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:334-345. [PMID: 31223090 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190621150725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging-associated vascular dysfunction promotes cardiovascular diseases. Recently, Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has attracted considerable attention in the prevention of aged vasculature. METHODS This review discusses the pathophysiological alterations in aged vasculature and the underlying mechanisms of GBE in vascular aging suppression. RESULTS Both arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction are critical aging-related vascular phenotypes that result in the progression of cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Consistent oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction lead to vascular dysfunction. GBE ameliorates aging-related vascular dysfunction, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The main effects of GBE in aged vasculature might be associated with the longevity signaling pathways. GBE also attenuates the progression of vascular aging in diabetes mellitus via regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION GBE plays an important role in the prevention of vascular aging process. It is a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate aging-related vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liuyi Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Ammar A, Trabelsi K, Boukhris O, Bouaziz B, Müller P, Glenn JM, Chamari K, Müller N, Chtourou H, Driss T, Hökelmann A. Moderators of the Impact of (Poly)Phenols Interventions on Psychomotor Functions and BDNF: Insights from Subgroup Analysis and Meta-Regression. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092872. [PMID: 32961777 PMCID: PMC7551086 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent anti-aging interventions have shown contradictory impacts of (poly)phenols regarding the prevention of cognitive decline and maintenance of brain function. These discrepancies have been linked to between-study differences in supplementation protocols. This subgroup analysis and meta-regression aimed to (i) examine differential effects of moderator variables related to participant characteristics and supplementation protocols and (ii) identify practical recommendations to design effective (poly)phenol supplementation protocols for future anti-aging interventions. METHODS Multiple electronic databases (Web of Science; PubMed) searched for relevant intervention published from inception to July 2019. Using the PICOS criteria, a total of 4303 records were screened. Only high-quality studies (n = 15) were included in the final analyses. Random-effects meta-analysis was used, and we calculated standard differences in means (SDM), effect size (ES), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for two sufficiently comparable items (i.e., psychomotor function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)). When significant heterogeneity was computed (I2 > 50%), a subgroup and meta-regression analysis were performed to examine the moderation effects of participant characteristics and supplementation protocols. RESULTS The reviewed studies support the beneficial effect of (poly)phenols-rich supplementation on psychomotor functions (ES = -0.677, p = 0.001) and brain plasticity (ES = 1.168, p = 0.028). Subgroup analysis revealed higher beneficial impacts of (poly)phenols (i) in younger populations compared to older (SDM = -0.89 vs. -0.47 for psychomotor performance, and 2.41 vs. 0.07 for BDNF, respectively), (ii) following an acute compared to chronic supplementation (SDM = -1.02 vs. -0.43 for psychomotor performance), and (iii) using a phenolic compound with medium compared to low bioavailability rates (SDM = -0.76 vs. -0.68 for psychomotor performance and 3.57 vs. 0.07 for DBNF, respectively). Meta-regressions revealed greater improvement in BDNF levels with lower percentages of female participants (Q = 40.15, df = 6, p < 0.001) and a skewed scatter plot toward a greater impact using higher (poly)phenols doses. CONCLUSION This review suggests that age group, gender, the used phenolic compounds, their human bioavailability rate, and the supplementation dose as the primary moderator variables relating to the beneficial effects of (poly)phenol consumption on cognitive and brain function in humans. Therefore, it seems more advantageous to start anti-aging (poly)phenol interventions in adults earlier in life using medium (≈500 mg) to high doses (≈1000 mg) of phenolic compounds, with at least medium bioavailability rate (≥9%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-57395
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.); (H.C.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Omar Boukhris
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.); (H.C.)
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Patrick Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jordan M. Glenn
- Department of Health, Exercise Science Research Center, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Neurotrack Technologies, 399 Bradford St, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Karim Chamari
- ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha PoBox 29222, Qatar;
- Laboratory “Sport Performance Optimization”, (CNMSS), ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba 1004, Tunisia
| | - Notger Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.); (H.C.)
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2-2APS), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Anita Hökelmann
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany;
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17
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Uddin MS, Hossain MF, Mamun AA, Shah MA, Hasana S, Bulbul IJ, Sarwar MS, Mansouri RA, Ashraf GM, Rauf A, Abdel-Daim MM, Bin-Jumah MN. Exploring the multimodal role of phytochemicals in the modulation of cellular signaling pathways to combat age-related neurodegeneration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 725:138313. [PMID: 32464743 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of neuronal structures and functions that lead to copious disorders like Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and other less recurring diseases. Aging is the prime culprit for most neurodegenerative events. Moreover, the shared pathogenic factors of many neurodegenerative processes are inflammatory responses and oxidative stress (OS). Unfortunately, it is very complicated to treat neurodegeneration and there is no effective remedy. The rapid progression of the neurodegenerative diseases that exacerbate the burden and the concurrent absence of effective treatment strategies force the researchers to investigate more therapeutic approaches that ultimately target the causative factors of the neurodegeneration. Phytochemicals have great potential to exert their neuroprotective effects by targeting various mechanisms, such as OS, neuroinflammation, abnormal protein aggregation, neurotrophic factor deficiency, disruption in mitochondrial function, and apoptosis. Therefore, this review represents the molecular mechanisms of neuroprotection by multifunctional phytochemicals to combat age-linked neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Farhad Hossain
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sharifa Hasana
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Rasha A Mansouri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - May N Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
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18
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WANG X, GONG X, ZHANG H, ZHU W, JIANG Z, SHI Y, LI L. In vitro anti-aging activities of ginkgo biloba leaf extract and its chemical constituents. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.02219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue WANG
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Xiaoyan GONG
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Huina ZHANG
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | | | | | - Yujing SHI
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Li LI
- Beijing Technology and Business University, China
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19
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Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Healthy Young and Middle-Aged Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051598. [PMID: 32466148 PMCID: PMC7290428 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Affecting older and even some younger adults, neurodegenerative disease represents a global public health concern and has been identified as a research priority. To date, most anti-aging interventions have examined older adults, but little is known about the effects of polyphenol interventions on brain-related aging processes in healthy young and middle-aged adults. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of (poly)phenol-rich diet supplementation on cognitive function and brain health in young and middle-aged adults. In July 2019, two electronic databases (PubMed and Web of Science) were used to search for relevant trials examining the effect of acute or chronic (poly)phenol-rich supplementation on cognitive function and neuroprotective measures in young and middle-aged adults (<60 years old). A total of 4303 records were screened by two researchers using the PICOS criteria. Fifteen high quality (mean PEDro score = 8.8 ± 0.58) trials with 401 total participants were included in the final analyses. Information on treatment, study design, characteristics of participants, outcomes and used tools were extracted following PRISMA guidelines. When items were shown to be sufficiently comparable, a random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates across studies. Effect size (ES) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. The meta-analysis indicated that (poly)phenol supplementation significantly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (ES = 3.259, p = 0.033), which was accompanied by higher performance in serial (7s) subtraction (ES = 1.467, p = 0.001) and decreases in simple reaction time (ES = −0.926, p = 0.015) and mental fatigue (ES = −3.521, p = 0.010). Data related to cognitive function were skewed towards an effect from acute compared to chronic polyphenol intervention; data related to BDNF were skewed toward an effect from higher bioavailability phenolic components. Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides promising findings regarding the usefulness of polyphenol-rich intervention as an inexpensive approach for enhancing circulation of pro-cognitive neurotrophic factors. These beneficial effects appear to depend on the supplementation protocols. An early acute and/or chronic application of low- to high-dose phenolic components with high bioavailability rates (≥30%) at a younger age appear to provide more promising effects.
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20
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Xiang J, Zhang J, Cai X, Yang F, Zhu W, Zhang W, Cai M, Yu Z, Li X, Wu T, Wang G, Cai D. Bilobalide protects astrocytes from oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced oxidative injury by upregulating manganese superoxide dismutase. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2329-2336. [PMID: 31243840 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bilobalide (BB), a constituent of the Ginkgo biloba extract, is a neuroprotective agent with multiple mechanisms of action. To further explore the potential therapeutic effects of BB in stroke, we investigated its effects on primary astrocytes using the oxygen and glucose deprivation-reoxygenation (OGD-R) model. Cell viability was measured by lactate dehydrogenase release assay and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell death was measured by annexin 5 conjgated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (V-FITC) assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured by 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression was measured by western blot and immunofluorescence. Mitochondrial membrane potential was monitored using JC-1 staining. Our results show that OGD-R downregulated MnSOD and impaired mitochondrial function, which further enhanced ROS production in primary astrocytes. As a result, cell viability was compromised, and cell death increased. BB treatment protected astrocytes from those injuries mainly by restoring MnSOD level as MnSOD inhibitor abolished the effects of BB. In conclusion, we demonstrated that OGD-R induced astrocytic injury, but BB increased the expression of MnSOD, the ROS scavenger, to reverse the exacerbated astrocytic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingsi Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghai Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangting Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingfang Cai
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Neurology, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Sadowska-Krępa E, Domaszewski P, Pokora I, Żebrowska A, Gdańska A, Podgórski T. Effects of medium-term green tea extract supplementation combined with CrossFit workout on blood antioxidant status and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in young men: a pilot study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2019; 16:13. [PMID: 30898134 PMCID: PMC6429762 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-019-0280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Potential health benefits are attributed to the antioxidant properties of green tea polyphenolic compounds. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a six-week green tea extract (GTE) supplementation combined with CrossFit workout on blood antioxidant status and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in men. Methods Sixteen young males involved in CrossFit training were randomized into two groups supplemented with GTE or placebo for six weeks. Each participant performed an exercise test for the evaluation of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) twice, i.e., before starting (1st trial) and after completing the supplementation combined with CrosFit workout (2nd trial). Venous blood samples were drawn at rest, immediately post-test and after one hour of recovery in order to estimate activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], reduced glutathione [GR]), non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione [GSH], uric acid [UA], total phenolics), total antioxidant capacity (FRAP), lipid peroxidation products (TBARS), and BDNF. Results Except for a significantly higher SOD activity and FRAP level recorded at rest and post-exercise in the 2nd trial compared to the corresponding values in the 1st trial, no significant differences were recorded among other assayed measures such as CAT, GPx, GR, GSH and BDNF. Moreover, a percentage increase in FRAP level was twice as high after six weeks’ GTE consumption than after placebo. Regardless of the trial, an increase in plasma UA concentration and a decrease in plasma total phenolics level were observed after exercise test. Plasma TBARS concentrations were significantly higher in PLA group after six weeks’ CrossFit training, while in GTE group they were slightly lower compared to the corresponding values in the 1st trial. Moreover, there was a significant inverse correlation between FRAP and TBARS in the GTE-supplemented group (r = − 0.40, p < 0.05). Conclusions A six weeks’ consumption of GTE had marginal effect on aerobic capacity and serum BDNF level in CrossFit-trained men, but it caused a marked increase in the blood antioxidant capacity and a moderate attenuation of the training-induced lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sadowska-Krępa
- Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Domaszewski
- Department of Tourism and Health Promotion, University of Technology, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole, Poland
| | - Ilona Pokora
- Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Żebrowska
- Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gdańska
- Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Podgórski
- Department of Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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22
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Naoi M, Shamoto-Nagai M, Maruyama W. Neuroprotection of multifunctional phytochemicals as novel therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disorders: antiapoptotic and antiamyloidogenic activities by modulation of cellular signal pathways. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl-2018-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, neuroprotection by diet and natural bioactive compounds has been proposed to prevent the onset and progress of neurodegeneration by modification of pathogenic factors. Plant food-derived phytochemicals protect neurons via targeting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotrophic factor deficit, apoptosis and abnormal protein accumulation. This review presents the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection by phytochemicals: direct regulation of mitochondrial apoptotic machinery, modification of cellular signal pathways, induction of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein family and prosurvival neurotrophic factors, such as brain- and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and prevention of protein aggregation. Multitargeted neuroprotective agents are under development based on the structure of blood–brain barrier-permeable phytochemicals to ameliorate brain dysfunction and prevent neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health & Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological & Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, Nisshin, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health & Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological & Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, Nisshin, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health & Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological & Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, Nisshin, Aichi, Japan
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23
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Deli CK, Poulios A, Georgakouli K, Papanikolaou K, Papoutsis A, Selemekou M, Karathanos VT, Draganidis D, Tsiokanos A, Koutedakis Y, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ. The effect of pre-exercise ingestion of corinthian currant on endurance performance and blood redox status. J Sports Sci 2018; 36:2172-2180. [PMID: 29469654 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1442781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of Corinthian currant pre-exercise supplementation on metabolism, performance and blood redox status during, and after prolonged exercise. Eleven healthy participants (21-45y) performed a 90-min constant-intensity (60-70% VO2max) submaximal-trial, plus a time-trial (TT) to exhaustion (95% VO2max) after consuming an isocaloric (1.5g CHO/kg BM) amount of randomly assigned Corinthian currant or glucose-drink, or water (control). Blood was drawn at baseline, pre-exercise, 30min, 60min, 90min of submaximal-trial, post-TT, and 1h post-TT. Post-ingestion blood glucose (GLU) under Corinthian currant was higher compared with water, and similar compared with glucose-drink throughout the study. Respiratory quotient under Corinthian currant was similar with glucose-drink and higher than water throughout the submaximal trial. Accordingly, higher CHO and lower fat oxidation were observed under Corinthian currant compared with water. The TT performance was similar between Corinthian currant, glucose-drink and water. Redox status were similar under all three conditions. Reduced glutathione (GSH) declined while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and uric acid increased during exercise. GSH and TAC returned to baseline, while uric acid remained increased the following 1h. Corinthian currant, although did not alter exercise-mediated redox status changes and performance, was equally effective to a glucose-drink in maintaining GLU levels during prolonged cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chariklia K Deli
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
| | - Athanasios Poulios
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
| | - Kalliopi Georgakouli
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
| | - Konstantinos Papanikolaou
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
| | - Alexandros Papoutsis
- b Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition , Harokopio University , Athens , Greece
| | - Maria Selemekou
- c Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , University of Thessaly , Larisa , Greece
| | - Vaios T Karathanos
- b Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition , Harokopio University , Athens , Greece.,d Agricultural Cooperatives' Union of Aeghion , Aeghion 25100 , Greece
| | - Dimitris Draganidis
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
| | - Athanasios Tsiokanos
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece.,e School of Sports, Performing Arts and Leisure , University of Wolverhampton , Wolverhampton , UK
| | - Ioannis G Fatouros
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
| | - Athanasios Z Jamurtas
- a Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Athletic Biochemistry, and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education and Sport Science , University of Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
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