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Altoukhi SM, Zamkah MM, Alharbi RA, Alghamdi SK, Aldawsari LS, Tarabulsi M, Rizk H, Sandokji Y. Understanding the effects of COVID-19 on patients with diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:3478-3486. [PMID: 38846830 PMCID: PMC11152851 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy is one of the consequences of diabetes mellitus that causes a continuous decline in the eGFR. After the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have shown that patients with diabetic nephropathy who had contracted COVID-19 have higher rates of morbidity and disease progression. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to determine and understand the effects and complications of SARS-CoV-2 on patients with diabetic nephropathy. Materials and methods The authors' research protocol encompassed the study selection process, search strategy, inclusion/exclusion criteria, and a data extraction plan. A systematic review was conducted by a team of five reviewers, with an additional reviewer assigned to address any discrepancies. To ensure comprehensive coverage, the authors employed multiple search engines including PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, SDL, Ovid, and Google Scholar. Results A total of 14 articles meeting the inclusion criteria revealed that COVID-19 directly affects the kidneys by utilizing ACE2 receptors for cell entry, which is significant because ACE2 receptors are widely expressed in the kidney. Conclusion COVID-19 affects kidney health, especially in individuals with diabetic nephropathy. The mechanisms include direct viral infection and immune-mediated injury. Early recognition and management are vital for improving the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hisham Rizk
- General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif Sandokji
- General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Rasizadeh R, Aghbash PS, Nahand JS, Entezari-Maleki T, Baghi HB. SARS-CoV-2-associated organs failure and inflammation: a focus on the role of cellular and viral microRNAs. Virol J 2023; 20:179. [PMID: 37559103 PMCID: PMC10413769 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for the recent pandemic all over the world, which has caused many complications. One of the hallmarks of SARS-CoV-2 infection is an induced immune dysregulation, in some cases resulting in cytokine storm syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome and many organs such as lungs, brain, and heart that are affected during the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several physiological parameters are altered as a result of infection and cytokine storm. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs) might reflect this poor condition since they play a significant role in immune cellular performance including inflammatory responses. Both host and viral-encoded miRNAs are crucial for the successful infection of SARS-CoV-2. For instance, dysregulation of miRNAs that modulate multiple genes expressed in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities (e.g., type 2 diabetes, and cerebrovascular disorders) could affect the severity of the disease. Therefore, altered expression levels of circulating miRNAs might be helpful to diagnose this illness and forecast whether a COVID-19 patient could develop a severe state of the disease. Moreover, a number of miRNAs could inhibit the expression of proteins, such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, spike, and Nsp12, involved in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, miRNAs represent potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this devastating viral disease. In the current study, we investigated modifications in miRNA expression and their influence on COVID-19 disease recovery, which may be employed as a therapy strategy to minimize COVID-19-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Rasizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Shiri Aghbash
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Taher Entezari-Maleki
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran.
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Ferguson M, Vel J, Phan V, Ali R, Mabe L, Cherner A, Doan T, Manakatt B, Jose M, Powell AR, McKinney K, Serag H, Sallam HS. Coronavirus Disease 2019, Diabetes, and Inflammation: A Systemic Review. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:177-187. [PMID: 37130311 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
People with cardiometabolic diseases [namely type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, or metabolic syndrome] are more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and endure more severe illness and poorer outcomes. Hyperinflammation has been suggested as a common pathway for both diseases. To examine the role of inflammatory biomarkers shared between COVID-19 and cardiometabolic diseases, we reviewed and evaluated published data using PubMed, SCOPUS, and World Health Organization COVID-19 databases for English articles from December 2019 to February 2022. Of 248 identified articles, 50 were selected and included. We found that people with diabetes or obesity have (i) increased risk of COVID-19 infection; (ii) increased risk of hospitalization (those with diabetes have a higher risk of intensive care unit admissions) and death; and (iii) heightened inflammatory and stress responses (hyperinflammation) to COVID-19, which worsen their prognosis. In addition, COVID-19-infected patients have a higher risk of developing T2D, especially if they have other comorbidities. Treatments controlling blood glucose levels and or ameliorating the inflammatory response may be valuable for improving clinical outcomes in these patient populations. In conclusion, it is critical for health care providers to clinically evaluate hyperinflammatory states to drive clinical decisions for COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Ferguson
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jaysonn Vel
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Vincent Phan
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Roshaneh Ali
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Lainie Mabe
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Annie Cherner
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Thao Doan
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Bushra Manakatt
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Mini Jose
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Audrey Ross Powell
- University of Texas Medical Branch Alumni, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin McKinney
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Hani Serag
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Hanaa S Sallam
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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4
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Lin L, Deng J, Tan W, Li J, Wu Z, Zheng L, Yang J. Pathogenesis and histological changes of nephropathy associated with COVID-19. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28311. [PMID: 36377540 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause damage to multiple organ, not only to the lungs, but also to the kidneys. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause acute and chronic kidney disease through direct viral infection, indirect injury, and vaccination-related injury. Like lung injury, kidney injury is also an important aspect affecting the severity and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2. This article summarizes the pathogenesis, pathological manifestations, and clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 direct or indirect renal injury. Including direct injury, indirect injury, special comorbidities (receiving kidney transplantation and chronic kidney disease), and vaccine-related renal injury, and exploring the possible therapeutic effect of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapy on renal injury. The purpose is to provide reference for understanding COVID-19-related renal injury, guiding clinical and pathological diagnosis and treatment, and evaluating prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Junhui Deng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Nephrology, Yongchuan People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Luquan Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
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5
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In Silico Prediction of Hub Genes Involved in Diabetic Kidney and COVID-19 Related Disease by Differential Gene Expression and Interactome Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122412. [PMID: 36553678 PMCID: PMC9778100 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a frequently chronic kidney pathology derived from diabetes comorbidity. This condition has irreversible damage and its risk factor increases with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The prognostic outcome for diabetic patients with COVID-19 is dismal, even with intensive medical treatment. However, there is still scarce information on critical genes involved in the pathophysiological impact of COVID-19 on DKD. Herein, we characterize differential expression gene (DEG) profiles and determine hub genes undergoing transcriptional reprogramming in both disease conditions. Out of 995 DEGs, we identified 42 shared with COVID-19 pathways. Enrichment analysis elucidated that they are significantly induced with implications for immune and inflammatory responses. By performing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and applying topological methods, we determine the following five hub genes: STAT1, IRF7, ISG15, MX1 and OAS1. Then, by network deconvolution, we determine their co-expressed gene modules. Moreover, we validate the conservancy of their upregulation using the Coronascape database (DB). Finally, tissue-specific regulation of the five predictive hub genes indicates that OAS1 and MX1 expression levels are lower in healthy kidney tissue. Altogether, our results suggest that these genes could play an essential role in developing severe outcomes of COVID-19 in DKD patients.
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6
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Highly pathogenic coronaviruses and the kidney. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113807. [PMID: 36242850 PMCID: PMC9550661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the end of 2019, the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has triggered a pneumonia epidemic, posing a significant public health challenge in 236 countries, territories, and regions worldwide. Clinically, in addition to the symptoms of pulmonary infection, many patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections, especially those with a critical illness, eventually develop multiple organ failure in which damage to the kidney function is common, ultimately leading to severe consequences such as increased mortality and morbidity. To date, three coronaviruses have set off major global public health security incidents: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2. Among the diseases caused by the coronaviruses, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the most impactful and harmful. Similar to with SARS-CoV-2 infections, previous studies have shown that kidney injury is also common and prominent in patients with the two other highly pathogenic coronaviruses. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to comprehensively summarize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of these three pandemic-level infections, provide a deep analysis of the potential mechanism of COVID-19 in various types of kidney diseases, and explore the causes of secondary kidney diseases of SARS-CoV-2, so as to provide a reference for further research and the clinical prevention of kidney damage caused by coronaviruses.
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7
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Rasmi Y, Hatamkhani S, Naderi R, Shokati A, Nayeb Zadeh V, Hosseinzadeh F, Farnamian Y, Jalali L. Molecular signaling pathways, pathophysiological features in various organs, and treatment strategies in SARS-CoV2 infection. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151908. [PMID: 35662001 PMCID: PMC9130726 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine storms and extra-activated cytokine signaling pathways can lead to severe tissue damage and patient death. Activation of inflammatory signaling pathways during Cytokine storms are an important factor in the development of acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), which is the major health problem today, causing systemic and local inflammation. Cytokine storms attract many inflammatory cells that attack the lungs and other organs and cause tissue damage. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are expressed in a different type of tissues. inhibition of ACE2 activity impairs renin-angiotensin (RAS) function, which is related to the severity of symptoms and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients. Different signaling cascades are activated, affecting various organs during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nowadays, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19, but scientists have recognized and proposed several treatment alternatives, including applying cytokine inhibitors, immunomodulators, and plasma therapy. Herein, we have provided the detailed mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytokine signaling and its connection with pathophysiological features in different organs. Possible treatment options to cope with the severe clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Rasmi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center,Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shima Hatamkhani
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Physiology, school of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ameneh Shokati
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Farnamian
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ladan Jalali
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center,Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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8
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Panda M, Kalita E, Singh S, Kumar K, Rao A, Prajapati VK. MiRNA-SARS-CoV-2 dialogue and prospective anti-COVID-19 therapies. Life Sci 2022; 305:120761. [PMID: 35787998 PMCID: PMC9249409 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly transmissible disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), affects 226 countries and continents, and has resulted in >6.2 million deaths worldwide. Despite the efforts of all scientific institutions worldwide to identify potential therapeutics, no specific drug has been approved by the FDA to treat the COVID-19 patient. SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns make the potential of publicly known therapeutics to respond to and detect disease onset highly improbable. The quest for universal therapeutics pointed to the ability of RNA-based molecules to shield and detect the adverse effects of the COVID-19 illness. One such candidate, miRNA (microRNA), works on regulating the differential expression of the target gene post-transcriptionally. The prime focus of this review is to report the critical miRNA molecule and their regular expression in patients with COVID-19 infection and associated comorbidities. Viral and host miRNAs control the etiology of COVID-19 infection throughout the life cycle and host inflammatory response, where host miRNAs are identified as a double-edged showing as a proviral and antiviral response. The review also covered the role of viral miRNAs in mediating host cell signaling expression during disease pathology. Studying molecular interactions between the host and the SARS-CoV-2 virus during COVID-19 pathogenesis offers the chance to use miRNA-based therapeutics to reduce the severity of the illness. By utilizing an appropriate delivery vehicle, these small non-coding RNA could be envisioned as a promising biomarker in designing a practical RNAi-based treatment approach of clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Panda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Elora Kalita
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Satyendra Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ketan Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Abhishek Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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9
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Castañé H, Iftimie S, Baiges-Gaya G, Rodríguez-Tomàs E, Jiménez-Franco A, López-Azcona AF, Garrido P, Castro A, Camps J, Joven J. Machine learning and semi-targeted lipidomics identify distinct serum lipid signatures in hospitalized COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients. Metabolism 2022; 131:155197. [PMID: 35381232 PMCID: PMC8976580 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids are involved in the interaction between viral infection and the host metabolic and immunological responses. Several studies comparing the lipidome of COVID-19-positive hospitalized patients vs. healthy subjects have already been reported. It is largely unknown, however, whether these differences are specific to this disease. The present study compared the lipidomic signature of hospitalized COVID-19-positive patients with that of healthy subjects, as well as with COVID-19-negative patients hospitalized for other infectious/inflammatory diseases. METHODS We analyzed the lipidomic signature of 126 COVID-19-positive patients, 45 COVID-19-negative patients hospitalized with other infectious/inflammatory diseases and 50 healthy volunteers. A semi-targeted lipidomics analysis was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Two-hundred and eighty-three lipid species were identified and quantified. Results were interpreted by machine learning tools. RESULTS We identified acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, arachidonic acid and oxylipins as the most altered species in COVID-19-positive patients compared to healthy volunteers. However, we found similar alterations in COVID-19-negative patients who had other causes of inflammation. Conversely, lysophosphatidylcholine 22:6-sn2, phosphatidylcholine 36:1 and secondary bile acids were the parameters that had the greatest capacity to discriminate between COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients. CONCLUSION This study shows that COVID-19 infection shares many lipid alterations with other infectious/inflammatory diseases, and which differentiate them from the healthy population. The most notable alterations were observed in oxylipins, while alterations in bile acids and glycerophospholipis best distinguished between COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative patients. Our results highlight the value of integrating lipidomics with machine learning algorithms to explore the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and, consequently, improve clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Castañé
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Simona Iftimie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Gerard Baiges-Gaya
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Andrea Jiménez-Franco
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Ana Felisa López-Azcona
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Pedro Garrido
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Antoni Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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10
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Yuan M, Hu W, Feng Y, Tong Y, Wang X, Tan B, Xu H, Liu J. Development and validation of a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of remdesivir and its hydrolyzed metabolite and nucleoside, and its application in a pharmacokinetic study of normal and diabetic nephropathy mice. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5380. [PMID: 35373846 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Remdesivir (RDV), a phosphoramidate prodrug, has broad-spectrum antiviral activity. It is the first antiviral drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of COVID-19. RDV is rapidly metabolized in the body to produce derivatives: alanine metabolite (RM-442) and RDV C-nucleoside (RN). Here, phosphatase inhibitor PhosSTOP and carboxylesterase inhibitor 5,5'-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid were used to improve stability of RDV in mouse blood. We developed a rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method to simultaneously quantify RDV, RM-442 and RN in mouse blood. Chromatographic separation was achieved by gradient elution on an ACQUITY HSS T3 column. The run time was 3.2 min. The linearity ranges of the analytes were 0.5-1000 ng/mL for RDV, 5-10000 ng/mL for both RM-442 and RN, respectively. The method had an acceptable precision (RSD < 8.4% for RDV, RSD < 10.7% for RM-442, and RSD < 7.2% for RN) and accuracy (91.0%-106.3% for RDV, 92.5%-98.6% for RM-442, and 87.5%-98.4% for RN). This method was successfully applied to analyze RDV, RM-442 and RN in blood of normal and diabetic nephropathy DBA/2J mice after intravenous injection of RDV 20 mg/kg. The AUC0-t of RN between the normal and diabetic nephropathy mice had significant difference (P < 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Yantai University, Yantai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Yantai University, Yantai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Tong
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Afroz S, Fairuz S, Joty JA, Uddin MN, Rahman MA. Virtual screening of functional foods and dissecting their roles in modulating gene functions to support post COVID-19 complications. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13961. [PMID: 34676581 PMCID: PMC8646449 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
COVID‐19 has become the focal point since 2019 after the outbreak of coronavirus disease. Many drugs are being tested and used to treat coronavirus infections; different kinds of vaccines are also introduced as preventive measure. Alternative therapeutics are as well incorporated into the health guidelines of some countries. This research aimed to look into the underlying mechanisms of functional foods and how they may improve the long‐term post COVID‐19 cardiovascular, diabetic, and respiratory complications through their bioactive compounds. The potentiality of nine functional foods for post COVID‐19 complications was investigated through computational approaches. A total of 266 bioactive compounds of these foods were searched via extensive literature reviewing. Three highly associated targets namely troponin I interacting kinase (TNNI3K), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP‐4), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1) were selected for cardiovascular, diabetes, and respiratory disorders, respectively, after COVID‐19 infections. Best docked compounds were further analyzed by network pharmacological tools to explore their interactions with complication‐related genes (MAPK1 and HSP90AA1 for cardiovascular, PPARG and TNF‐alpha for diabetes, and AKT‐1 for respiratory disorders). Seventy‐one suggested compounds out of one‐hundred and thirty‐nine (139) docked compounds in network pharmacology recommended 169 Gene Ontology (GO) items and 99 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathways preferably AKT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, ACE2 receptor signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, and PPAR signaling pathway. Among the chosen functional foods, black cumin, fenugreek, garlic, ginger, turmeric, bitter melon, and Indian pennywort were found to modulate the actions. Results demonstrate that aforesaid functional foods have attenuating roles to manage post COVID‐19 complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Afroz
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shadreen Fairuz
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jahanara Alam Joty
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazim Uddin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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