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Dias MDS, da Silva FDA, Fernandes PD, Farias CHDA, de Lima RF, da Silva MDFC, Lima VRDN, de Lima AM, de Lacerda CN, Reis LS, de Souza WBB, da Silva AAR, Arruda TFDL. Beneficial Effect of Exogenously Applied Calcium Pyruvate in Alleviating Water Deficit in Sugarcane as Assessed by Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Technique. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:434. [PMID: 38337967 PMCID: PMC10856894 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The growing demand for food production has led to an increase in agricultural areas, including many with low and irregular rainfall, stressing the importance of studies aimed at mitigating the harmful effects of water stress. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to evaluate calcium pyruvate as an attenuator of water deficit on chlorophyll a fluorescence of five sugarcane genotypes. The experiment was conducted in a plant nursery where three management strategies (E1-full irrigation, E2-water deficit with the application of 30 mM calcium pyruvate, and E3-water deficit without the application of calcium pyruvate) and five sugarcane genotypes (RB863129, RB92579, RB962962, RB021754, and RB041443) were tested, distributed in randomized blocks, in a 3 × 5 factorial design with three replications. There is dissimilarity in the fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic pigments of the RB863129 genotype in relation to those of the RB041443, RB96262, RB021754, and RB92579 genotypes. Foliar application of calcium pyruvate alleviates the effects of water deficit on the fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a and photosynthetic pigments in sugarcane, without interaction with the genotypes. However, subsequent validation tests will be necessary to test and validate the adoption of this technology under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirandy dos Santos Dias
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Francisco de Assis da Silva
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Pedro Dantas Fernandes
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Carlos Henrique de Azevedo Farias
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Robson Felipe de Lima
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Maria de Fátima Caetano da Silva
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Vitória Régia do Nascimento Lima
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Andrezza Maia de Lima
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Cassiano Nogueira de Lacerda
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Lígia Sampaio Reis
- Campus de Engenharias e Ciências Agrárias—CECA, Universidade Federal de Alagoas—UFAL, Rio Largo 57100-000, AL, Brazil;
| | - Weslley Bruno Belo de Souza
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
| | - Thiago Filipe de Lima Arruda
- Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola—UAEA, Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais—CTRN, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande–UFCG, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58428-830, PB, Brazil; (F.d.A.d.S.); (P.D.F.); (C.H.d.A.F.); (R.F.d.L.); (M.d.F.C.d.S.); (V.R.d.N.L.); (A.M.d.L.); (C.N.d.L.); (W.B.B.d.S.); (A.A.R.d.S.); (T.F.d.L.A.)
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Weisany W, Razmi J, Pashang D. Improving seed germination and physiological characteristics of maize seedlings under osmotic stress through potassium nano-silicate treatment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1274396. [PMID: 38179480 PMCID: PMC10765601 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1274396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Osmotic stress can significantly affect the survival and functioning of living organisms, particularly during vulnerable stages such as seed germination and seedling growth. To address this issue, advanced technologies like nanofertilizers have been developed to improve soil conditions and enhance plant growth in stressed ecosystems due to their multiple effects and efficient consumption. Methods The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of potassium nano-silicate (PNS) on the physiological characteristics of maize seedlings and seed germination under various levels of osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The study considered two factors: two levels of PNS concentration (500 and 1000 ppm) and PEG-6000 solution with different osmotic stress levels (-2, -4, -6, and -8 bars). Results and discussion The results demonstrated that the application of PNS at a concentration of 1000 ppm led to increased radicle length and hypocotyl length as well as fresh weight of maize seedlings. Furthermore, PNS at a concentration of 1000 ppm had a more beneficial effect on the germination rate of maize seedlings under osmotic stress compared to 500 ppm. Additionally, the application of PNS under osmotic stress conditions resulted in an increase in various physiological parameters, including protein content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content, proline content, and the activity of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (AXPO) enzymes. These findings indicate that the use of PNS can have a positive impact on the physiological characteristics of maize seedlings and seed germination under osmotic stress conditions. Overall, this technology has the potential to enhance crop growth and yield in stressed ecosystems. By improving the survival and function of plants during vulnerable stages, such as seed germination and seedling growth, the application of PNS can contribute to more resilient agricultural practices and promote sustainable food production in challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weria Weisany
- Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Razmi
- Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danial Pashang
- Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Mukarram M, Petrik P, Mushtaq Z, Khan MMA, Gulfishan M, Lux A. Silicon nanoparticles in higher plants: Uptake, action, stress tolerance, and crosstalk with phytohormones, antioxidants, and other signalling molecules. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119855. [PMID: 35940485 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is absorbed as uncharged mono-silicic acid by plant roots through passive absorption of Lsi1, an influx transporter belonging to the aquaporin protein family. Lsi2 then actively effluxes silicon from root cells towards the xylem from where it is exported by Lsi6 for silicon distribution and accumulation to other parts. Recently, it was proposed that silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) might share a similar route for their uptake and transport. SiNPs then initiate a cascade of morphophysiological adjustments that improve the plant physiology through regulating the expression of many photosynthetic genes and proteins along with photosystem I (PSI) and PSII assemblies. Subsequent improvement in photosynthetic performance and stomatal behaviour correspond to higher growth, development, and productivity. On many occasions, SiNPs have demonstrated a protective role during stressful environments by improving plant-water status, source-sink potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and enzymatic profile. The present review comprehensively discusses the crop improvement potential of SiNPs stretching their role during optimal and abiotic stress conditions including salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Moreover, in the later section of this review, we offered the understanding that most of these upgrades can be explained by SiNPs intricate correspondence with phytohormones, antioxidants, and signalling molecules. SiNPs can modulate the endogenous phytohormones level such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (IAAs), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), and jasmonic acid (JA). Altered phytohormones level affects plant growth, development, and productivity at various organ and tissue levels. Similarly, SiNPs regulate the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle leading to an upgraded defence system. At the cellular and subcellular levels, SiNPs crosstalk with various signalling molecules such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, nitric oxide (NO), ROS, soluble sugars, and transcription factors (TFs) was also explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Petrik
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Mohd Gulfishan
- Glocal School of Agricultural Science, Glocal University, Saharanpur, 247121, India
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
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4
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Ahire ML, Mundada PS, Nikam TD, Bapat VA, Penna S. Multifaceted roles of silicon in mitigating environmental stresses in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:291-310. [PMID: 34826705 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Food security relies on plant productivity and plant's resilience to climate change driven environmental stresses. Plants employ diverse adaptive mechanisms of stress-signalling pathways, antioxidant defense, osmotic adjustment, nutrient homeostasis and phytohormones. Over the last few decades, silicon has emerged as a beneficial element for enhancing plant growth productivity. Silicon ameliorates biotic and abiotic stress conditions by regulating the physiological, biochemical and molecular responses. Si-uptake and transport are facilitated by specialized Si-transporters (Lsi1, Lsi2, Lsi3, and Lsi6) and, the differential root anatomy has been shown to reflect in the varying Si-uptake in monocot and dicot plants. Silicon mediates a number of plant processes including osmotic, ionic stress responses, metabolic processes, stomatal physiology, phytohormones, nutrients and source-sink relationship. Further studies on the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the Si transporter genes are required for better uptake and transport in spatial mode and under different stress conditions. In this article, we present an account of the availability, uptake, Si transporters and, the role of Silicon to alleviate environmental stress and improve plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Ahire
- Department of Botany, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara, 415 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - P S Mundada
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India; Department of Biotechnology, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara, 415 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - T D Nikam
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - V A Bapat
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416 004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suprasanna Penna
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 094, Maharashtra, India.
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Sánchez-Navarro JF, González-García Y, Benavides-Mendoza A, Morales-Díaz AB, González-Morales S, Cadenas-Pliego G, García-Guillermo MDS, Juárez-Maldonado A. Silicon Nanoparticles Improve the Shelf Life and Antioxidant Status of Lilium. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2338. [PMID: 34834701 PMCID: PMC8624484 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The production of ornamentals is an economic activity of great interest, particularly the production of Lilium. This plant is very attractive for its color and shapes; however, the quality of its flower and its shelf life can decrease very fast. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to develop techniques that allow for increasing both flower quality and shelf life. Nanotechnology has allowed for the use of various materials with unique characteristics. These materials can induce a series of positive responses in plants, among which the production of antioxidant compounds stands out. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the application of silicone nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) on the quality, shelf life, and antioxidant status of Lilium. For this, different concentrations of SiO2 NPs (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg L-1) were applied in two ways, foliar and soil, as two independent experiments. The contents of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase) and non-enzymatic (phenols, flavonoids, and glutathione) antioxidant compounds, the mineral content, flower quality, and shelf life were analyzed. The results showed that the application of SiO2 NPs through the foliar method induced a greater flowers' shelf life (up to 21.62% more than the control); greater contents of Mg, P, and S (up to 25.6%, 69.1%, and 113.9%, respectively, compared to the control); more photosynthetic pigment (up to 65.17% of total chlorophyll); more glutathione peroxidase activity (up to 69.9%); more phenols (up to 25.93%); and greater antioxidant capacity as evaluated by the DPPH method (up to 5.18%). The use of SiO2 NPs in the production of Lilium is a good alternative method to increase flower quality and shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yolanda González-García
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo 25315, CH, Mexico;
| | | | - América Berenice Morales-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Saltillo, Ramos Arizpe 25900, CH, Mexico;
| | - Susana González-Morales
- Cátedras CONACYT-Departamento de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo 25315, CH, Mexico;
| | | | | | - Antonio Juárez-Maldonado
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo 25315, CH, Mexico;
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Malik MA, Wani AH, Mir SH, Rehman IU, Tahir I, Ahmad P, Rashid I. Elucidating the role of silicon in drought stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 165:187-195. [PMID: 34049031 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Predicted changes in climate, with more severe droughts and more extreme weather variability, are gaining considerable attention from stakeholders because of the already stressed and seriously challenging agricultural ecosystems of the contemporary world. One of the greatest challenges faced by these unique ecosystems due to climate change is drought stress, which affects plant growth, development and metabolic processes, thus reducing production, yield, and quality of crop plants. Plants counter this stress by employing complex mechanisms through a series of physiological, cellular, and molecular processes. Among the myriad of stress tolerance mechanisms, the positive effects of Si on water status of plants have been widely appreciated. Here, we review the potential of Si supplementation in alleviating drought stress and highlight the imported mechanisms involved in Si mediated reduction of drought stress in plants. Si fertilization not only enhances the photosynthetic pigments, growth, biomass, antioxidant enzymes, gene expression, osmolyte concentrations and nutrient uptake but also improves crop production, yield and grain quality during drought stress. In addition, it provides insights on important mechanisms involved in the modification of gas exchange attributes, gene modification, nutritional homeostasis, control synthesis of compatible solutes, osmotic adjustment and stimulation of phytohormone biosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes under drought stress. We also highlight knowledge gaps and future research prospects to understand Si mediated role in alleviating drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad Malik
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Abid Hussain Wani
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Showkat Hamid Mir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ishfaq Ul Rehman
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Inayatullah Tahir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Coping with the Challenges of Abiotic Stress in Plants: New Dimensions in the Field Application of Nanoparticles. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061221. [PMID: 34203954 PMCID: PMC8232821 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stress in plants is a crucial issue worldwide, especially heavy-metal contaminants, salinity, and drought. These stresses may raise a lot of issues such as the generation of reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, loss of photosynthetic efficiency, etc. that could alter crop growth and developments by affecting biochemical, physiological, and molecular processes, causing a significant loss in productivity. To overcome the impact of these abiotic stressors, many strategies could be considered to support plant growth including the use of nanoparticles (NPs). However, the majority of studies have focused on understanding the toxicity of NPs on aquatic flora and fauna, and relatively less attention has been paid to the topic of the beneficial role of NPs in plants stress response, growth, and development. More scientific attention is required to understand the behavior of NPs on crops under these stress conditions. Therefore, the present work aims to comprehensively review the beneficial roles of NPs in plants under different abiotic stresses, especially heavy metals, salinity, and drought. This review provides deep insights about mechanisms of abiotic stress alleviation in plants under NP application.
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Ranjan A, Sinha R, Bala M, Pareek A, Singla-Pareek SL, Singh AK. Silicon-mediated abiotic and biotic stress mitigation in plants: Underlying mechanisms and potential for stress resilient agriculture. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:15-25. [PMID: 33799014 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is a beneficial macronutrient for plants. The Si supplementation to growth media mitigates abiotic and biotic stresses by regulating several physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms. The uptake of Si from the soil by root cells and subsequent transport are facilitated by Lsi1 (Low silicon1) belonging to nodulin 26-like major intrinsic protein (NIP) subfamily of aquaporin protein family, and Lsi2 (Low silicon 2) belonging to putative anion transporters, respectively. The soluble Si in the cytosol enhances the production of jasmonic acid, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, secondary metabolites and induces expression of genes in plants under stress conditions. Silicon has been found beneficial in conferring tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses by scavenging the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulation of different metabolic pathways. In the present review, Si transporters identified in various plant species and mechanisms of Si-mediated abiotic and biotic stress tolerance have been presented. In addition, role of Si in regulating gene expression under various abiotic and biotic stresses as revealed by transcriptome level studies has been discussed. This provides a deeper understanding of various mechanisms of Si-mediated stress tolerance in plants and may help in devising strategies for stress resilient agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Ranjan
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834010, India
| | - Ragini Sinha
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834010, India
| | - Meenu Bala
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834010, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834010, India.
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Mundada PS, Barvkar VT, Umdale SD, Anil Kumar S, Nikam TD, Ahire ML. An insight into the role of silicon on retaliation to osmotic stress in finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:124078. [PMID: 33265064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Finger millet, a vital nutritional cereal crop provides food security. It is a well-established fact that silicon (Si) supplementation to plants alleviates both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, precise molecular targets of Si remain elusive. The present study attempts to understand the alterations in the metabolic pathways after Si amendment under osmotic stress. The analysis of transcriptome and metabolome of finger millet seedlings treated with distilled water (DW) as control, Si (10 ppm), PEG (15%), and PEG (15%) + Si (10 ppm) suggest the molecular alterations mediated by Si for ameliorating the osmotic stress. Under osmotic stress, uptake of Si has increased mediating the diversion of an enhanced pool of acetyl CoA to lipid biosynthesis and down-regulation of TCA catabolism. The membrane lipid damage reduced significantly by Si under osmotic stress. A significant decrease in linolenic acid and an increase of jasmonic acid (JA) in PEG + Si treatment suggest the JA mediated regulation of osmotic stress. The relative expression of transcripts corroborated with the corresponding metabolites abundance levels indicating the activity of genes in assuaging the osmotic stress. This work substantiates the role of Si in osmotic stress tolerance by reprogramming of fatty acids biosynthesis in finger millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj S Mundada
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India; Department of Biotechnology, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara 415001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vitthal T Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suraj D Umdale
- Department of Botany, Jaysingpur College, Jaysingpur, Maharashtra 416101, India
| | - S Anil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522213, India
| | - Tukaram D Nikam
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahendra L Ahire
- Department of Botany, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara 415001, Maharashtra, India.
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