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Hou J, Lartey JA, Lee CY, Kim JH. Light-enhanced catalytic activity of stable and large gold nanoparticles in homocoupling reactions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1352. [PMID: 38228672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Validating the direct photocatalytic activity of colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles is challenging due to their limited stability and needed support materials that can often contribute to the chemical reactions. Stable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with tunable sizes are prepared across porous polymer particles without any chemical bonds where the resulting composite particles exhibit intense surface plasmon resonances (SPRs) in the visible region. These composite particles are then tested as photocatalysts under a broadband solar-simulated light source to examine the contribution degree of photothermal heating and SPR coming from the incorporated AuNPs in the C-C bond forming homocoupling reaction. Generally, the thermal and photothermal heating are the main driving force to increase the reactivity of relatively smaller AuNPs (~ 44 nm in diameter) with a narrower SPR band. However, the SPR-induced catalytic activity is much greater for the composite particles containing larger AuNPs (~ 87 nm in diameter) with a broader SPR. As the polymer particle matrix does not influence the catalytic activity (e.g., inducing charge delocalization and/or separation), the unique SPR role of the colloidal AuNPs in the catalytic reaction is assessable under light irradiation. This study experimentally demonstrates the possibility of evaluating the direct contribution of SPRs to photocatalytic chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hou
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jemima A Lartey
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790-4160, USA
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Innovation Center for Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790-4160, USA.
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M. Aldebasi S, Tar H, S. Alnafisah A, Beji L, Kouki N, Morlet-Savary F, Alminderej FM, Aroua LM, Lalevée J. Photochemical Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Influence of Metal Salt Concentration on Size and Distribution. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14018. [PMID: 37762321 PMCID: PMC10530956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper explores the photochemical synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles, specifically gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles, using a one-component photoinitiator system. The synthesis process involves visible light irradiation at a wavelength of 419 nm and an intensity of 250 mW/cm2. The radical-generating capabilities of the photoinitiators were evaluated using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The main objective of this study was to investigate how the concentration of metal salts influences the size and distribution of the nanoparticles. Proposed mechanisms for the photochemical formation of nanoparticles through photoinitiated radicals were validated using cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that the concentration of AgNO3 significantly impacted the size of silver nanoparticles, with diameters ranging from 1 to 5 nm at 1 wt% and 3 wt% concentrations, while increasing the concentration to 5 wt% led to an increase in the diameter of silver nanoparticles to 16 nm. When HAuCl4 was used instead of AgNO3, it was found that the average diameters of gold nanoparticles synthesized using both photoinitiators at different concentrations ranged between 1 and 4 nm. The findings suggest that variations in HAuCl4 concentration have minimal impact on the size of gold nanoparticles. The photoproduction of AuNPs was shown to be thermodynamically favorable, with the reduction of HAuCl4 to Au0 having ∆G values of approximately -3.51 and -2.96 eV for photoinitiators A and B, respectively. Furthermore, the photoreduction of Ag+1 to Ag0 was demonstrated to be thermodynamically feasible, with ∆G values of approximately -3.459 and -2.91 eV for photoinitiators A and B, respectively, confirming the effectiveness of the new photoinitiators on the production of nanoparticles. The synthesis of nanoparticles was monitored using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and their sizes were determined through particle size analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahad M. Aldebasi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (N.K.); (F.M.A.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Haja Tar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (N.K.); (F.M.A.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Abrar S. Alnafisah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (N.K.); (F.M.A.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Lotfi Beji
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences and Arts at ArRass, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Noura Kouki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (N.K.); (F.M.A.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (F.M.-S.); (J.L.)
| | - Fahad M. Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (N.K.); (F.M.A.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Lotfi M. Aroua
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (N.K.); (F.M.A.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (F.M.-S.); (J.L.)
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Aldebasi SM, Tar H, Alnafisah AS, Salmi-Mani H, Kouki N, Alminderej FM, Lalevée J. Surface Modification of PP and PBT Nonwoven Membranes for Enhanced Efficiency in Photocatalytic MB Dye Removal and Antibacterial Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3378. [PMID: 37631435 PMCID: PMC10459508 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed highly efficient nonwoven membranes by modifying the surface of polypropylene (PP) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) through photo-grafting polymerization. The nonwoven membrane surfaces of PP and PBT were grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) in the presence of benzophenone (BP) and metal salt. We immobilized tertiary amine groups as BP synergists on commercial nonwoven membranes to improve PP and PBT surfaces. In situ Ag, Au, and Au/Ag nanoparticle formation enhances the nonwoven membrane surface. SEM, FTIR, and EDX were used to analyze the surface. We evaluated modified nonwoven membranes for photocatalytic activity by degrading methylene blue (MB) under LED and sunlight. Additionally, we also tested modified membranes for antibacterial activity against E. coli. The results indicated that the modified membranes exhibited superior efficiency in removing MB from water. The PBT showed the highest efficiency in dye removal, and bimetallic nanoparticles were more effective than monometallic. Modified membranes exposed to sunlight had higher efficiency than those exposed to LED light, with the PBT/Au/Ag membrane showing the highest dye removal at 97% within 90 min. The modified membranes showed reuse potential, with dye removal efficiency decreasing from 97% in the first cycle to 85% in the fifth cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahad M. Aldebasi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Haja Tar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Abrar S. Alnafisah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Hanène Salmi-Mani
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France;
| | - Noura Kouki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Fahad M. Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (F.M.A.)
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France;
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Copper II Complexes Based on Benzimidazole Ligands as a Novel Photoredox Catalysis for Free Radical Polymerization Embedded Gold and Silver Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051289. [PMID: 36904530 PMCID: PMC10007263 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The copper II complex's novel benzimidazole Schiff base ligands were manufactured and gauged as a new photoredox catalyst/photoinitiator amalgamated with triethylamine (TEA) and iodonium salt (Iod) for the polymerization of ethylene glycol diacrylate while exposed to visible light by an LED Lamp at 405 nm with an intensity of 543 mW/cm2 at 28 °C. Gold and silver nanoparticles were obtained through the reactivity of the copper II complexes with amine/Iod salt. The size of NPs was around 1-30 nm. Lastly, the high performance of copper II complexes for photopolymerization containing nanoparticles is presented and examined. Ultimately, the photochemical mechanisms were observed using cyclic voltammetry. The preparation of the polymer nanocomposite nanoparticles in situ was photogenerated during the irradiation LED at 405 nm with an intensity of 543 mW/cm2 at 28 °C process. UV-Vis, FTIR, and TEM analyses were utilized for the determination of the generation of AuNPs and AgNPs which resided within the polymer matrix.
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Alnafisah AS, Alqrairy E, Tar H, M Alminderej F, Aroua LM, Graff B, Lalevee J. Light-Assisted Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles by New Benzophenone Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3207-3220. [PMID: 36713746 PMCID: PMC9878651 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone derivatives were evaluated as new photoinitiators in combination with triethylamine (TEA) and iodonium salt (Iod) for very rapid and efficient formation of metal nanoparticles in an organic solvent, by which silver and gold ions were reduced under light at 419 nm (photoreactor) with an irradiation intensity of 250 microwatts/cm2. The new benzophenone derivatives combined with TEA/Iod salt showed good production of metal nanoparticles (Au0 and Ag0) and a small size of nanoparticles of around 4-13 nm. The photochemical mechanisms for the production of initiating radicals were studied using cyclic voltammetry, where a negative ΔG of around -1.96 eV was obtained, which made the process favorable. The obtained results proved the formation of amine and phenyl radicals, which led to the reduction of gold III chloride or silver ions to the gold and silver NPs. The UV-vis spectroscopy technique was used as a very beneficial tool for the surface plasmon resonance band detection of metal nanoparticles. To sum up the results, we have observed that nanoparticles (NPs) were distributed differently in different photoinitiator systems and the particle size also changed by changing the system of initiation. In comparison to the system alone, not only were the nanoparticles smaller but they were also generated within a shorter period of irradiation time for the system BP\Iod\TEA. Finally, the quenching process of benzophenone fluorescence by the gold and silver nanoparticles was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar S. Alnafisah
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elaf Alqrairy
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haja Tar
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Alminderej
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi M. Aroua
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim
University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory
of Organic Structural Chemistry and Macromolecules, Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El-Manar University, El Manar I, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M—UMR CNRS 7361—UHA, 15, Rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, CEDEX, France
| | - Jacques Lalevee
- Institut
de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M—UMR CNRS 7361—UHA, 15, Rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse, CEDEX, France
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Efficacy modeling of new multi-functional benzophenone-based system for free-radical/cationic hybrid-photopolymerization using 405 nm LED. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Borjigin T, Noirbent G, Gigmes D, Xiao P, Dumur F, Lalevée J. The new LED-Sensitive photoinitiators of Polymerization: Copper complexes in free radical and cationic photoinitiating systems and application in 3D printing. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lin JT, Lalevee J, Liu HW. Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4013. [PMID: 34833312 PMCID: PMC8622602 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents, for the first time, the kinetics and the general features of a photopolymerization system (under visible light), copper-complex/Iodonium/triethylamine/gold-chloride (orA/B/N/G), with initial concentrations of A0, B0, N0 and G0, based on the proposed mechanism of Tar et al. Analytic formulas were developed to explore the new features, including: (i) both free radical photopolymerization (FRP) efficacy and the production of nanogold (NG), which are proportional to the relative concentration ratios of (A0 + B0 + N0)/G0 and may be optimized for maximum efficacy; (ii) the two competing procedures of NG production and the efficacy of FRP, which can be tailored for an optimal system with nanogold in the polymer matrix; (iii) the FRP efficacy, which is contributed by three components given by the excited state of copper complex (T), and the radicals (R and S) produced by iodonium and amine, respectively; (iv) NG production, which is contributed by the coupling of T and radical (S) with gold ion; and (v) NG production, which has a transient state proportional to the light intensity and the concentration ratio A0/G0) + (N0/(K'M0), but also a steady-state independent of the light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Teng Lin
- New Photon Corp., 10F, No. 55, Sect. 3, Xinbei Blvd, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
| | - Jacques Lalevee
- CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France;
| | - Hsia-Wei Liu
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
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Mutlu S, Metin E, Aydin Yuksel S, Bayrak U, Nuhoglu C, Arsu N. In-situ photochemical synthesis and dielectric properties of nanocomposite thin films containing Au, Ag and MnO nanoparticles. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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