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Yan X, Huang H, Bakry AM, Wu W, Liu X, Liu F. Advances in enhancing the mechanical properties of hydrogels through multi-strategic approaches based on biopolymer platforms. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132583. [PMID: 38795882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The limited mechanical properties of biopolymer-based hydrogels have hindered their widespread applications in biomedicine and tissue engineering. In recent years, researchers have shown significant interest in developing novel approaches to enhance the mechanical performance of hydrogels. This review focuses on key strategies for enhancing mechanical properties of hydrogels, including dual-crosslinking, double networks, and nanocomposite hydrogels, with a comprehensive analysis of their underlying mechanisms, benefits, and limitations. It also introduces the classic application scenarios of biopolymer-based hydrogels and the direction of future research efforts, including wound dressings and tissue engineering based on 3D bioprinting. This review is expected to deepen the understanding of the structure-mechanical performance-function relationship of hydrogels and guide the further study of their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hechun Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Amr M Bakry
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, New Valley, El-Kharga 72511, Egypt
| | - Wanqiang Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Dong Z, Zhao J, Xu J, Deng W, Sun P. Strongly Adhesive, Self-Healing, Hemostatic Hydrogel for the Repair of Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2462-2475. [PMID: 38533630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
With wide clinical demands, therapies for traumatic brain injury (TBI) are a major problem in surgical procedures and after major trauma. Due to the difficulty in regeneration of neurons or axons after injury, as well as the inhibition of blood vessel growth by the formation of neural scars, existing treatment measures have limited effectiveness in repairing brain tissue. Herein, the biomultifunctional hydrogels are developed for TBI treatment based on the Schiff base reaction of calcium ion (Ca2+)-cross-linked oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS). The obtained COCS hydrogel exhibits excellent adhesion to wet tissues, self-repair capability, and antimicrobial properties. What's particularly interesting is that the addition of Ca2+ increases the hydrogel's extensibility, enhancing its hemostatic capabilities. Biological assessments indicate that the COCS hydrogel demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, hemostatic properties, and the ability to promote arterial vessel repair. Importantly, the COCS hydrogel promotes the growth of cerebral microvessels by upregulating CD31, accelerates the proliferation of astrocytes, enhances the expression of GFAP, and stimulates the expression of neuron-specific markers such as NEUN and β-tubulin. All of these findings highlight that the strongly adhesive, self-healing, hemostatic hydrogel shows great potential for the repair of traumatic brain injury and other tissue repair therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoxiang Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Jihu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Wenshuai Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
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Rana AK, Gupta VK, Hart P, Thakur VK. Cellulose-alginate hydrogels and their nanocomposites for water remediation and biomedical applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117889. [PMID: 38086501 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, both cellulose and alginate polysaccharides have been extensively utilized for the synthesis of biocompatible hydrogels because of their alluring characteristics like low cost, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, biodegradability, ease of availability and non-toxicity. The presence of abundant hydrophilic functional groups (like carboxyl and hydroxyl) on the surface of cellulose and alginate or their derivatives makes these materials promising candidates for the preparation of hydrogels with appealing structures and characteristics, leading to growing research in water treatment and biomedical fields. These two polysaccharides are typically blended together to improve hydrogels' desired qualities (mechanical strength, adsorption properties, cellulose/alginate yield). So, keeping in view their extensive applicability, in the present review article, recent advances in the development of cellulose/nanocellulose-alginate-based hydrogels and their relevance in water treatment (adsorption of dyes, heavy metals, etc.) and biomedical field (wound healing, tissue engineering, drug delivery) has been reviewed. Further, impact of other inorganic/organic additives in cellulose/nanocellulose-alginate-based hydrogels properties like contaminants adsorption, drug delivery, tissue engineering, etc., has also been studied. Moreover, the current difficulties and future prospects of nanocellulose-alginate-based hydrogels regarding their water purification and biomedical applications are also discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvinder K Rana
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Phil Hart
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Research Centre, Technology Innovation Institute, P.O. Box 9639, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
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4
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Nøkling-Eide K, Aachmann FL, Tøndervik A, Arlov Ø, Sletta H. In-process epimerisation of alginates from Saccharina latissima, Alaria esculenta and Laminaria hyperborea. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 325:121557. [PMID: 38008481 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Alginates are valued in many industries, due to their versatile properties. These polysaccharides originate from brown algae (Phaeophyceae) and some bacteria of the Azotobacter and Pseudomonas genera, consisting of 1 → 4 linked β-d-mannuronic acid (M), and its C5-epimer α-l-guluronic acid (G). Several applications rely on a high G-content, which confers good gelling properties. Because of its high natural G-content (FG = 0.60-0.75), the alginate from Laminaria hyperborea (LH) has sustained a thriving industry in Norway. Alginates from other sources can be upgraded with mannuronan C-5 epimerases that convert M to G, and this has been demonstrated in many studies, but not applied in the seaweed industry. The present study demonstrates epimerisation directly in the process of alginate extraction from cultivated Saccharina latissima (SL) and Alaria esculenta (AE), and the lamina of LH. Unlike conventional epimerisation, which comprises multiple steps, this in-process protocol can decrease the time and costs necessary for alginate upgrading. In-process epimerisation with AlgE1 enzyme enhanced G-content and hydrogel strength in all examined species, with the greatest effect on SL (FG from 0.44 to 0.76, hydrogel Young's modulus from 22 to 34 kPa). As proof of concept, an upscaled in-process epimerisation of alginate from fresh SL was successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Nøkling-Eide
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Richard Birkelands vei 3 B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory (NOBIPOL), Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6/8, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Finn Lillelund Aachmann
- Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory (NOBIPOL), Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6/8, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Tøndervik
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Richard Birkelands vei 3 B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øystein Arlov
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Richard Birkelands vei 3 B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard Sletta
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Richard Birkelands vei 3 B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
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Lackner F, Šurina P, Fink J, Kotzbeck P, Kolb D, Stana J, Grab M, Hagl C, Tsilimparis N, Mohan T, Stana Kleinschek K, Kargl R. 4-Axis 3D-Printed Tubular Biomaterials Imitating the Anisotropic Nanofiber Orientation of Porcine Aortae. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302348. [PMID: 37807640 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Many of the peculiar properties of the vasculature are related to the arrangement of anisotropic proteinaceous fibers in vessel walls. Understanding and imitating these arrangements can potentially lead to new therapies for cardiovascular diseases. These can be pre-surgical planning, for which patient-specific ex vivo anatomical models for endograft testing are of interest. Alternatively, therapies can be based on tissue engineering, for which degradable in vitro cell growth substrates are used to culture replacement parts. In both cases, materials are desirable that imitate the biophysical properties of vessels, including their tubular shapes and compliance. This work contributes to these demands by offering methods for the manufacturing of anisotropic 3D-printed nanofibrous tubular structures that have similar biophysical properties as porcine aortae, that are biocompatible, and that allow for controlled nutrient diffusion. Tubes of various sizes with axial, radial, or alternating nanofiber orientation along the blood flow direction are manufactured by a customized method. Blood pressure-resistant, compliant, stable, and cell culture-compatible structures are obtained, that can be degraded in vitro on demand. It is suggested that these healthcare materials can contribute to the next generation of cardiovascular therapies of ex vivo pre-surgical planning or in vitro cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lackner
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Paola Šurina
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fink
- COREMED - Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29/4, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Kotzbeck
- COREMED - Centre of Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29/4, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Core Unit Ultrastructure Analysis, Medical University Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling Metabolism and Aging, Medical University Graz, Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jan Stana
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Grab
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hagl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Tsilimparis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Tamilselvan Mohan
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 16, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
| | - Karin Stana Kleinschek
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Rupert Kargl
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased System (IBioSys), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 16, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
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Zhang FW, Trackey PD, Verma V, Mandes GT, Calabro RL, Presot AW, Tsay CK, Lawton TJ, Zammit AS, Tang EM, Nguyen AQ, Munz KV, Nagelli EA, Bartolucci SF, Maurer JA, Burpo FJ. Cellulose Nanofiber-Alginate Biotemplated Cobalt Composite Multifunctional Aerogels for Energy Storage Electrodes. Gels 2023; 9:893. [PMID: 37998983 PMCID: PMC10671317 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunable porous composite materials to control metal and metal oxide functionalization, conductivity, pore structure, electrolyte mass transport, mechanical strength, specific surface area, and magneto-responsiveness are critical for a broad range of energy storage, catalysis, and sensing applications. Biotemplated transition metal composite aerogels present a materials approach to address this need. To demonstrate a solution-based synthesis method to develop cobalt and cobalt oxide aerogels for high surface area multifunctional energy storage electrodes, carboxymethyl cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and alginate biopolymers were mixed to form hydrogels to serve as biotemplates for cobalt nanoparticle formation via the chemical reduction of cobalt salt solutions. The CNF-alginate mixture forms a physically entangled, interpenetrating hydrogel, combining the properties of both biopolymers for monolith shape and pore size control and abundant carboxyl groups that bind metal ions to facilitate biotemplating. The CNF-alginate hydrogels were equilibrated in CaCl2 and CoCl2 salt solutions for hydrogel ionic crosslinking and the prepositioning of transition metal ions, respectively. The salt equilibrated hydrogels were chemically reduced with NaBH4, rinsed, solvent exchanged in ethanol, and supercritically dried with CO2 to form aerogels with a specific surface area of 228 m2/g. The resulting aerogels were pyrolyzed in N2 gas and thermally annealed in air to form Co and Co3O4 porous composite electrodes, respectively. The multifunctional composite aerogel's mechanical, magnetic, and electrochemical functionality was characterized. The coercivity and specific magnetic saturation of the pyrolyzed aerogels were 312 Oe and 114 emu/gCo, respectively. The elastic moduli of the supercritically dried, pyrolyzed, and thermally oxidized aerogels were 0.58, 1.1, and 14.3 MPa, respectively. The electrochemical testing of the pyrolyzed and thermally oxidized aerogels in 1 M KOH resulted in specific capacitances of 650 F/g and 349 F/g, respectively. The rapidly synthesized, low-cost, hydrogel-based synthesis for tunable transition metal multifunctional composite aerogels is envisioned for a wide range of porous metal electrodes to address energy storage, catalysis, and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felita W. Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Paul D. Trackey
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Vani Verma
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Galen T. Mandes
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Rosemary L. Calabro
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
- U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command-Armaments Center, Watervliet Arsenal, NY 12189, USA; (S.F.B.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Anthony W. Presot
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Claire K. Tsay
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Timothy J. Lawton
- U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command-Soldier Center, Natick, MA 01760, USA;
| | - Alexa S. Zammit
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Edward M. Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Andrew Q. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Kennedy V. Munz
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
| | - Enoch A. Nagelli
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
- Photonics Research Center, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA
| | - Stephen F. Bartolucci
- U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command-Armaments Center, Watervliet Arsenal, NY 12189, USA; (S.F.B.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Joshua A. Maurer
- U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command-Armaments Center, Watervliet Arsenal, NY 12189, USA; (S.F.B.); (J.A.M.)
| | - F. John Burpo
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA; (F.W.Z.); (P.D.T.); (V.V.); (G.T.M.); (R.L.C.); (A.W.P.); (C.K.T.); (A.S.Z.); (E.M.T.); (A.Q.N.); (K.V.M.); (E.A.N.)
- Photonics Research Center, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA
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Sinna J, Jeencham R, Mueangkhot P, Sophon S, Noralak P, Raksapakdee R, Numpaisal PO, Ruksakulpiwat Y. Development of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Grafted Glycidyl Methacrylate/Cellulose Nanofiber Injectable Hydrogels for Meniscus Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4230. [PMID: 37959910 PMCID: PMC10647663 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop poly (vinyl alcohol) grafted glycidyl methacrylate/cellulose nanofiber (PVA-g-GMA/CNF) injectable hydrogels for meniscus tissue engineering. PVA-g-GMA is an interesting polymer for preparing cross-linking injectable hydrogels with UV radiation, but it has poor mechanical properties and low cell proliferation. In this study, CNF as a reinforcing agent was selected to improve mechanical properties and cell proliferation in PVA-g-GMA injectable hydro-gels. The effect of CNF concentration on hydrogel properties was investigated. Both PVA-g-GMA and PVA-g-GMA hydrogels incorporating 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7% (w/v) CNF can be formed by UV curing at a wavelength of 365 nm, 6 mW/cm2 for 10 min. All hydrogels showed substantial microporosity with interconnected tunnels, and a pore size diameter range of 3-68 µm. In addition, all hydrogels also showed high physicochemical properties, a gel fraction of 81-82%, porosity of 83-94%, water content of 73-87%, and water swelling of 272-652%. The water content and swelling of hydrogels were increased when CNF concentration increased. It is worth noting that the reduction of porosity in the hydrogels occurred with increasing CNF concentration. With increasing CNF concentration from 0.3% to 0.7% (w/v), the compressive strength and compressive modulus of the hydrogels significantly increased from 23 kPa to 127 kPa and 27 kPa to 130 kPa, respectively. All of the hydrogels were seeded with human cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) and cultured for 14 days. PVA-g-GMA hydrogels incorporating 0.5% and 0.7% (w/v) CNF demonstrated a higher cell proliferation rate than PVA-g-GMA and PVA-g-GMA hydrogels incorporating 0.3% (w/v) CNF, as confirmed by MTT assay. At optimum formulation, 10%PVA-g-GMA/0.7%CNF injectable hydrogel met tissue engineering requirements, which showed excellent properties and significantly promoted cell proliferation, and has a great potential for meniscus tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Sinna
- Research Center for Biocomposite Materials for Medical Industry and Agricultural and Food Industry, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Rachasit Jeencham
- Research Center for Biocomposite Materials for Medical Industry and Agricultural and Food Industry, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Priyapat Mueangkhot
- School of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sorasak Sophon
- School of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Pornpattara Noralak
- School of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Romtira Raksapakdee
- School of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Piya-on Numpaisal
- Research Center for Biocomposite Materials for Medical Industry and Agricultural and Food Industry, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat
- Research Center for Biocomposite Materials for Medical Industry and Agricultural and Food Industry, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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8
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Levä T, Rissanen V, Nikkanen L, Siitonen V, Heilala M, Phiri J, Maloney TC, Kosourov S, Allahverdiyeva Y, Mäkelä M, Tammelin T. Mapping Nanocellulose- and Alginate-Based Photosynthetic Cell Factory Scaffolds: Interlinking Porosity, Wet Strength, and Gas Exchange. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3484-3497. [PMID: 37384553 PMCID: PMC10428157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
To develop efficient solid-state photosynthetic cell factories for sustainable chemical production, we present an interdisciplinary experimental toolbox to investigate and interlink the structure, operative stability, and gas transfer properties of alginate- and nanocellulose-based hydrogel matrices with entrapped wild-type Synechocystis PCC 6803 cyanobacteria. We created a rheological map based on the mechanical performance of the hydrogel matrices. The results highlighted the importance of Ca2+-cross-linking and showed that nanocellulose matrices possess higher yield properties, and alginate matrices possess higher rest properties. We observed higher porosity for nanocellulose-based matrices in a water-swollen state via calorimetric thermoporosimetry and scanning electron microscopy imaging. Finally, by pioneering a gas flux analysis via membrane-inlet mass spectrometry for entrapped cells, we observed that the porosity and rigidity of the matrices are connected to their gas exchange rates over time. Overall, these findings link the dynamic properties of the life-sustaining matrix to the performance of the immobilized cells in tailored solid-state photosynthetic cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuukka Levä
- VTT
Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., VTT, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ville Rissanen
- VTT
Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., VTT, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Lauri Nikkanen
- Molecular
Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Vilja Siitonen
- Molecular
Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Heilala
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Josphat Phiri
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Thaddeus C. Maloney
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sergey Kosourov
- Molecular
Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- Molecular
Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Mäkelä
- VTT
Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., VTT, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tekla Tammelin
- VTT
Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., VTT, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
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9
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Varela-Feijoo A, Djemia P, Narita T, Pignon F, Baeza-Squiban A, Sirri V, Ponton A. Multiscale investigation of viscoelastic properties of aqueous solutions of sodium alginate and evaluation of their biocompatibility. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:5942-5955. [PMID: 37490024 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In order to get better knowledge of mechanical properties from microscopic to macroscopic scale of biopolymers, viscoelastic bulk properties of aqueous solutions of sodium alginate were studied at different scales by combining macroscopic shear rheology (Hz), diffusing-wave spectroscopy microrheology (kHz-MHz) and Brillouin spectroscopy (GHz). Structural properties were also directly probed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results demonstrate a change from polyelectrolyte behavior to neutral polymer behavior by increasing polymer concentration with the determination of characteristic sizes (persistence length, correlation length). The viscoelastic properties probed at the phonon wavelength much higher than the ones obtained at low frequency reflect the variation of microscopic viscosity. First experiments obtained by metabolic activity assays with mouse embryonic fibroblasts showed biocompatibility of sodium alginate aqueous solutions in the studied range of concentrations (2.5-10 g L-1) and consequently their potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Varela-Feijoo
- Laboratoire Matière et systèmes complexes (MSC), Université Paris Cité et CNRS, UMR 7057, 10 rue A. Domon et L. Duquet, 75013 Paris, France.
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Philippe Djemia
- Laboratoire des Sciences des procédés et des matériaux (LSPM), UPR-CNRS 3407, 99 Avenue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 93530 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Tetsuharu Narita
- École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris (ESPCI), 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Pignon
- Laboratoire rhéologie et procédés (LPG) Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5520, Domaine Universitaire, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Armelle Baeza-Squiban
- Unité de Biologie fonctionnelle et adaptative (BFA), Université Paris Cité et CNRS, UMR 8251, 4 rue Marie-Andrée Lagroua Weill-Hallé, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Valentina Sirri
- Unité de Biologie fonctionnelle et adaptative (BFA), Université Paris Cité et CNRS, UMR 8251, 4 rue Marie-Andrée Lagroua Weill-Hallé, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Alain Ponton
- Laboratoire Matière et systèmes complexes (MSC), Université Paris Cité et CNRS, UMR 7057, 10 rue A. Domon et L. Duquet, 75013 Paris, France.
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10
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Jeencham R, Tawonsawatruk T, Numpaisal PO, Ruksakulpiwat Y. Reinforcement of Injectable Hydrogel for Meniscus Tissue Engineering by Using Cellulose Nanofiber from Cassava Pulp. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092092. [PMID: 37177235 PMCID: PMC10180748 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels can be applied to treat damaged meniscus in minimally invasive conditions. Generally, injectable hydrogels can be prepared from various polymers such as polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm). Poly (ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer-diacrylate (PEO-PPO-PEO-DA) is an interesting polymer due to its biodegradability and can be prepared as water-insoluble injectable hydrogel after curing with UV light at low intensity. However, mechanical and cell adhesion properties are not optimal for these hydrogels. For the improved mechanical performance of the injectable hydrogel, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) extracted from cassava pulp was used as a reinforcing filler in this study. In addition, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), the denatured form of collagen was used to enhance cell adhesion. PEO-PPO-PEO-DA/CNF/GelMA injectable hydrogels were prepared with 2-hydroxy-1-(4-(hydroxy ethoxy) phenyl)-2-methyl-1-propanone as a photoinitiator and then cured with UV light, 365 nm at 6 mW/cm2. Physicochemical characteristics of the hydrogels and hydrogels with CNF were studied in detail including morphology characterization, pore size diameter, porosity, mechanical properties, water uptake, and swelling. In addition, cell viability was also studied. CNF-reinforced injectable hydrogels were successfully prepared after curing with UV light within 10 min with a thickness of 2 mm. CNF significantly improved the mechanical characteristics of injectable hydrogels. The incorporation of GelMA into the injectable hydrogels improved the viability of human cartilage stem/progenitor cells. At optimum formulation, 12%PEO-PPO-PEO-DA/0.5%CNF/3%GelMA injectable hydrogels significantly promoted cell viability (>80%) and also showed good physicochemical properties, which met tissue engineering requirements. In summary, this work shows that these novel injectable hydrogels have the potential for meniscus tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachasit Jeencham
- Research Center for Biocomposite Materials for Medical Industry and Agricultural and Food Industry, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Piya-On Numpaisal
- Research Center for Biocomposite Materials for Medical Industry and Agricultural and Food Industry, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Orthopaedics, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat
- Research Center for Biocomposite Materials for Medical Industry and Agricultural and Food Industry, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- School of Polymer Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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11
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Pickering emulsion hydrogel beads for curcumin encapsulation and food application. J FOOD ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2023.111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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12
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3D-Printing of Silk Nanofibrils Reinforced Alginate for Soft Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030763. [PMID: 36986622 PMCID: PMC10054105 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The main challenge of extrusion 3D bioprinting is the development of bioinks with the desired rheological and mechanical performance and biocompatibility to create complex and patient-specific scaffolds in a repeatable and accurate manner. This study aims to introduce non-synthetic bioinks based on alginate (Alg) incorporated with various concentrations of silk nanofibrils (SNF, 1, 2, and 3 wt.%) and optimize their properties for soft tissue engineering. Alg-SNF inks demonstrated a high degree of shear-thinning with reversible stress softening behavior contributing to extrusion in pre-designed shapes. In addition, our results confirmed the good interaction between SNFs and alginate matrix resulted in significantly improved mechanical and biological characteristics and controlled degradation rate. Noticeably, the addition of 2 wt.% SNF improved the compressive strength (2.2 times), tensile strength (5 times), and elastic modulus (3 times) of alginate. In addition, reinforcing 3D-printed alginate with 2 wt.% SNF resulted in increased cell viability (1.5 times) and proliferation (5.6 times) after 5 days of culturing. In summary, our study highlights the favorable rheological and mechanical performances, degradation rate, swelling, and biocompatibility of Alg-2SNF ink containing 2 wt.% SNF for extrusion-based bioprinting.
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13
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3D Printed Functionalized Nanocellulose as an Adsorbent in Batch and Fixed-Bed Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040969. [PMID: 36850251 PMCID: PMC9958933 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose, a refined form of cellulose, can be further functionalized on surface-active sites, with a catalyst as a regenerative agent. Newly developed adsorbents are expected to have the characteristics of good and rapid adsorption performance and regeneration properties with flexible structure using 3D printing technology. In this work, the adsorption performance of 3D printed functionalized nanocellulose was investigated using batch and fixed-bed column adsorption. Kinetics adsorption studies were divided into different adsorption models, with the pseudo-second order model showing a better correlation coefficient than the pseudo-first order and intraparticle diffusion models. The Langmuir and Thomas models were used to calculate the adsorption performance of batch and fixed-bed columns. Given the catalytic activity of Fenton oxidation, the fixed-bed column was regenerated up to five adsorption-desorption cycles, suggesting satisfactory performance of the column, with a slightly reduced adsorption capacity.
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14
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Influence of Cross-Linking Conditions on Drying Kinetics of Alginate Hydrogel. Gels 2023; 9:gels9010063. [PMID: 36661829 PMCID: PMC9858758 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional cross-linked polymeric networks capable of a large amount of fluid retention in their structure. Hydrogel outputs manufactured using additive manufacturing technologies are exposed to water loss, which may change their original shape and dimensions. Therefore, the possibility of retaining water is important in such a structure. In this manuscript, kinetic analysis of water evaporation from sodium alginate-based hydrogels exposed to different environmental conditions such as different temperatures (7 and 23 °C) and ambient humidity (45, 50 and 95%) has been carried out. The influence of the cross-linking method (different calcium chloride concentration-0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 M) of sodium alginate and cross-linking time on the water loss was also considered. Studies have shown that a decrease in the temperature and increase in the storage humidity can have a positive effect on the water retention in the structure. The storage conditions that led to the least weight and volume loss were T 7 °C and 95% humidity. These experiments may help in selecting the appropriate hydrogel preparation method for future applications, as well as their storage conditions for minimum water loss and, consequently, the least change in dimensions and shape.
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15
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Perkucin I, Lau KSK, Chen T, Iwasa SN, Naguib HE, Morshead CM. Facile Fabrication of Injectable Alginate and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Based Soft Electrodes toward the Goal of Neuro-Regenerative Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201164. [PMID: 36177684 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Resident brain neural precursor cells (NPCs) are electrosensitive cells that respond to electric field application by proliferating, differentiating, and undergoing rapid and directed cathodal migration. Harnessing NPC potential is a promising strategy to facilitate neural repair following injury or disease. The use of electric fields to activate NPCs is limited by current electrode designs which are typically made of conductive metals that are stiff and can lead to neuroinflammation following implantation, in part due to the mechanical mismatch between physiological conditions and material. Herein, the design of a novel, injectable biobased soft electrode with properties suitable for electrical stimulation in vivo is explored. The recent interest in using biologically derived polymers which are relatively abundant and afford economic feasibility have been built upon. Sodium alginate is utilized to form soft hydrogels, thereby addressing the issue of mechanical mismatch, and the conductive polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), to generate an innovative new material. It is demonstrated that the optimized alginate PEDOT blend matches the modulus of the brain and is suitable for injection and is not cytotoxic to neural cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrate minimal activation of inflammatory cells upon implantation in the brain compared to classically used platinum-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Perkucin
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Kylie S K Lau
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Tianhao Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Stephanie N Iwasa
- The KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.,CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Hani E Naguib
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada.,Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E4, Canada.,Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Cindi M Morshead
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada.,The KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.,CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Anatomy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P5, Canada
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16
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Symons HE, Galanti A, Surmon JC, Trask RS, Rochat S, Gobbo P. Automated analysis of soft material microindentation. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8302-8314. [PMID: 36286486 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00857b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of the mechanical properties of soft hydrogel materials over multiple length scales is important for their application in many fields. Typical measurement methods provide either bulk mechanical properties (compression, tensile, rheology) or probing of nano or microscale properties and heterogeneity (nanoindentation, AFM). In this work we demonstrate the complementarity of instrumented microindentation to these techniques, as it provides representative Young's moduli for soft materials with minimal influence of the experimental parameters chosen, and allows mechanical property mapping across macroscopic areas. To enable automated analysis of the large quantities of data required for these measurements, we develop a new fitting algorithm to process indentation data. This method allows for the determination of Young's moduli from imperfect data by automatic selection of a region of the indentation curve which does not display inelastic deformation or substrate effects. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach with a range of hydrogels, including materials with patterns and gradients in stiffness, and expect the techniques described here to be useful developments for the mechanical analysis of a wide range of soft and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry E Symons
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Agostino Galanti
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Joseph C Surmon
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Bristol Composites Institute, School of Civil, Aerospace, and Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Richard S Trask
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Bristol Composites Institute, School of Civil, Aerospace, and Mechanical Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Sebastien Rochat
- School of Chemistry, Department of Engineering Mathematics, and Bristol Composites Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Pierangelo Gobbo
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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17
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Aswathy SH, NarendraKumar U, Manjubala I. Physicochemical Properties of Cellulose-Based Hydrogel for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4669. [PMID: 36365661 PMCID: PMC9654850 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional network structures of hydrophilic polymers, which have the capacity to take up an enormous amount of fluid/water. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a commercially available cellulose derivative that can be used for biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility. It has been used as a major component to fabricate hydrogels because of its superabsorbent nature. In this study, we developed carboxylic acid crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels for biomedical applications. The physicochemical, morphological, and thermal properties were analyzed to confirm the crosslinking of carboxymethyl cellulose. Fourier-transform infrared spectra confirmed the crosslinking of carboxymethyl cellulose with the presence of peaks due to an esterification reaction. The distinct peak at 1718 cm-1 in hydrogel samples is due to the carbonyl group vibrations of the ester bond from the crosslinking reaction. The total carboxyl content of the sample was measured with crosslinker immersion time. The swelling of crosslinked hydrogels showed an excellent swelling capacity for CG02 that is much higher than CG01 in water and PBS. Morphological analysis of the hydrogel showed it has a rough surface. The thermal degradation of hydrogel showed stability with respect to temperature. However, the mechanical analysis showed that CG01 has a higher compressive strength than CG01. The optimum swelling ratio and higher compressive strength of CG01 hydrogels could give them the ability to be used in load-bearing tissue regeneration. These results inferred that the carboxylic acid crosslinked CMC hydrogels could be a suitable matrix for biomedical or tissue-engineering applications with improved stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeja Harikumar Aswathy
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Uttamchand NarendraKumar
- Department of Manufacturing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Inderchand Manjubala
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
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18
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Wang X, Zeng J, Zhu J. Morphological and rheological properties of cellulose nanofibrils prepared by post-fibrillation endoglucanase treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Isolation and Structural Characterization of Alginates from the Kelp Species Laminaria ochroleuca and Saccorhiza polyschides from the Atlantic Coast of Morocco. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids6040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alginates are linear unbranched polysaccharides produced by brown seaweeds. The gel properties of this phycocolloid are mainly linked to the monomer composition, sequential structure and molecular weight of the polymeric chain. Nevertheless, these structural parameters are also dependent on the age and tissue of the thalli used. In this work, the kelp species Laminaria ochroleuca and Saccorhiza polyschides harvested from the Moroccan coast were analyzed for their alginates content and composition in different thalli parts (blade and stipe). Spectroscopic characterization (1H NMR and FT-IR), viscosity, and molecular weight of the extracted alginates were investigated. The obtained results showed that the alginate contents ranged from 20.19 ± 2 to 49.8 ± 2.4% dw. FT-IR spectroscopy exhibited similar spectra between the alginates extracted from both species and the commercial alginate. The 1H-NMR results revealed interesting variations in block composition between species, and less disparity with regard to the tissue type (M/G values ranging from 0.89 to 2.14). High mannuronate content was found in all alginates except for those extracted from the blade of L. ochroleuca. The homopolymeric fractions FMM are remarkably high compared to the FGG and heteropolymeric fractions (FGM/FMG) in S. polyschides. However, for L. ochroleuca, the heteropolymeric fractions are quite abundant, accounting for more than 34% of the polymer diads. The alginates extracted from both species indicated low values for the intrinsic viscosity. Based on the yield and the structural properties of their alginates, this study suggests that both L. ochroleuca and S.polyschides could be considered potential alginophytes to be incorporated into the industry of alginates. It also proposes an optimization of the yield, using the different thalli parts in the extraction (blade and stipe). The chemical structure and viscosity of their alginates may contribute to expanding their applications, especially in biotechnology and medical fields.
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20
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Eldeeb AE, Salah S, Elkasabgy NA. Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications and Current Updates in the Field: A Comprehensive Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:267. [PMID: 36163568 PMCID: PMC9512992 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has emerged as an interesting field nowadays; it focuses on accelerating the auto-healing mechanism of tissues rather than organ transplantation. It involves implanting an In Vitro cultured initiative tissue or a scaffold loaded with tissue regenerating ingredients at the damaged area. Both techniques are based on the use of biodegradable, biocompatible polymers as scaffolding materials which are either derived from natural (e.g. alginates, celluloses, and zein) or synthetic sources (e.g. PLGA, PCL, and PLA). This review discusses in detail the recent applications of different biomaterials in tissue engineering highlighting the targeted tissues besides the in vitro and in vivo key findings. As well, smart biomaterials (e.g. chitosan) are fascinating candidates in the field as they are capable of elucidating a chemical or physical transformation as response to external stimuli (e.g. temperature, pH, magnetic or electric fields). Recent trends in tissue engineering are summarized in this review highlighting the use of stem cells, 3D printing techniques, and the most recent 4D printing approach which relies on the use of smart biomaterials to produce a dynamic scaffold resembling the natural tissue. Furthermore, the application of advanced tissue engineering techniques provides hope for the researchers to recognize COVID-19/host interaction, also, it presents a promising solution to rejuvenate the destroyed lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Emad Eldeeb
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Salwa Salah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nermeen A Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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21
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Son Phan K, Thu Huong Le T, Minh Nguyen T, Thu Trang Mai T, Ha Hoang P, Thang To X, Trung Nguyen T, Dang Pham K, Thu Ha P. Co‐delivery of Doxycycline, Florfenicol and Silver Nanoparticles using Alginate/Chitosan Nanocarriers. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Son Phan
- Institute of Materials Science Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Huong Le
- Institute of Materials Science Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thi Minh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Trang Mai
- Institute of Materials Science Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Phuong Ha Hoang
- Institute of Biotechnology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Xuan Thang To
- Institute of Materials Science Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thanh Trung Nguyen
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Kim Dang Pham
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Phuong Thu Ha
- Institute of Materials Science Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
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22
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Rahaman MS, Park S, Kang HJ, Sultana T, Gwon JG, Lee BT. Liver tissue-derived ECM loaded nanocellulose-alginate-TCP composite beads for accelerated bone regeneration. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35952638 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac8901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration with osteoinductive scaffolds is a competitive edge of tissue engineering due to faster and more consistent healing. In the present study, we developed such composite beads with nanocellulose reinforced alginate hydrogel that carried β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nano-powder and liver-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) from porcine. Interestingly, it was observed that the beads' group containing ECM-βTCP-alginate-nanocellulose (ETAC) was more biocompatible with higher cellular affinity than the others comprised of βTCP-alginate-nanocellulose (TAC) and alginate-nanocellulose (AC). Cell attachment on ETAC beads was dramatically increased with time. In parallel with in vitro results, ETAC beads produced uniform cortical and cancellous bone in the femur defect model of rabbits within two months. Although the group TAC also produced noticeable bone in the defect site, the healing quality was improved and regeneration was faster after adding ECM. This conclusion was not only confirmed by micro-anatomical analysis but also demonstrated with X-ray microtomography. In addition, the characteristic moldable and injectable properties made ETAC a promising scaffold for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohanur Rahaman
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seongsu Park
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31204, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hoe-Jin Kang
- Soonchunhyang University, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Tamanna Sultana
- Soonchunhyang University, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jae-Gyoung Gwon
- Department of Forest Products, Korea Forest Research Institute, 57, Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02455, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Materials, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31204, Korea (the Republic of)
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23
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A Review of Properties of Nanocellulose, Its Synthesis, and Potential in Biomedical Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12147090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most venerable and essential natural polymer on the planet and is drawing greater attention in the form of nanocellulose, considered an innovative and influential material in the biomedical field. Because of its exceptional physicochemical characteristics, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and high mechanical strength, nanocellulose attracts considerable scientific attention. Plants, algae, and microorganisms are some of the familiar sources of nanocellulose and are usually grouped as cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), cellulose nanofibril (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). The current review briefly highlights nanocellulose classification and its attractive properties. Further functionalization or chemical modifications enhance the effectiveness and biodegradability of nanocellulose. Nanocellulose-based composites, printing methods, and their potential applications in the biomedical field have also been introduced herein. Finally, the study is summarized with future prospects and challenges associated with the nanocellulose-based materials to promote studies resolving the current issues related to nanocellulose for tissue engineering applications.
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24
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Alginate and tunicate nanocellulose composite microbeads – Preparation, characterization and cell encapsulation. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 286:119284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Recent Advances in 3D Bioprinting: A Review of Cellulose-Based Biomaterials Ink. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112260. [PMID: 35683932 PMCID: PMC9183181 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose-based biodegradable hydrogel proves to be excellently suitable for the medical and water treatment industry based on the expressed properties such as its flexible structure and broad compatibility. Moreover, their potential to provide excellent waste management from the unutilized plant has triggered further study on the advanced biomaterial applications. To extend the use of cellulose-based hydrogel, additive manufacturing is a suitable technique for hydrogel fabrication in complex designs. Cellulose-based biomaterial ink used in 3D bioprinting can be further used for tissue engineering, drug delivery, protein study, microalgae, bacteria, and cell immobilization. This review includes a discussion on the techniques available for additive manufacturing, bio-based material, and the formation of a cellulose-based hydrogel.
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26
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Taniguchi Nagahara MH, Caiado Decarli M, Inforçatti Neto P, Lopes da Silva JV, Moraes ÂM. Crosslinked alginate‐xanthan gum blends as effective hydrogels for
3D
bioprinting of biological tissues. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Harue Taniguchi Nagahara
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Monize Caiado Decarli
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
- Three‐Dimensional Technologies Research Group CTI Renato Archer Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Paulo Inforçatti Neto
- Three‐Dimensional Technologies Research Group CTI Renato Archer Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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27
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Im S, Choe G, Seok JM, Yeo SJ, Lee JH, Kim WD, Lee JY, Park SA. An osteogenic bioink composed of alginate, cellulose nanofibrils, and polydopamine nanoparticles for 3D bioprinting and bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:520-529. [PMID: 35217077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting is an emerging technology for manufacturing cell-laden three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, which are used to fabricate complex 3D constructs and provide specific microenvironments for supporting cell growth and differentiation. The development of bioinks with appropriate printability and specific bioactivities is crucial for bioprinting and tissue engineering applications, including bone tissue regeneration. Therefore, to produce functional bioinks for osteoblast printing and bone tissue formation, we formulated various nanocomposite hydrogel-based bioinks using natural and biocompatible biomaterials (i.e., alginate, tempo-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF), and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDANPs)). Rheological studies and printability tests revealed that bioinks containing 1.5% alginate and 1.5% TOCNF in the presence or absence of PDANP (0.5%) are suitable for 3D printing. Furthermore, in vitro studies of 3D-printed osteoblast-laden scaffolds indicated that the 0.5% PDANP-incorporated bioink induced significant osteogenesis. Overall, the bioink consisting of alginate, TOCNF, and PDANPs exhibited excellent printability and bioactivity (i.e., osteogenesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Im
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Goeun Choe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Seok
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Ju Yeo
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Doo Kim
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Su A Park
- Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 304-343, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Burkholder-Wenger AC, Golzar H, Wu Y, Tang XS. Development of a Hybrid Nanoink for 3D Bioprinting of Heterogeneous Tumor Models. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:777-785. [PMID: 35045252 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rapid progress in applying three-dimensional (3D) printing in the field of tissue engineering, fabrication of heterogeneous and complex 3D tumor models remains a challenge. In this study, we report a hybrid nanoink (AGC) composed of alginate, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), designed for multinozzle microextrusion 3D printing of tumor models. Our results show that the ink consisting of 2 wt % alginate, 4 wt % GelMA, and 6 wt % cellulose nanocrystals (AGC246) possesses a superior shear-thinning property and little hysteresis in viscosity recovery. The fabrication of a colorectal cancer (CRC) model is demonstrated by printing a 3D topological substrate with AGC246 and then seeding/printing endothelial (EA-hy 926) and colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116) cells on top. Direct seeding of cells by dropping a cell suspension onto the 3D substrate with distinctive topological features (villi and trenches) deemed inadequate in either creating a monolayer of endothelial cells or precise positioning of cancer cell clusters, even with surface treatment to promote cell adhesion. In contrast, 3D biopinting of a CRC model using cell-laden AGC153, coupled with dual ultraviolet (UV) and ionic cross-linking, is shown to be successful. Hence, this study brings advancements in 3D bioprinting technology through innovative material and methodology designs, which could enable the fabrication of complex in vitro models for both fundamental studies of disease processes and applications in drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Burkholder-Wenger
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hossein Golzar
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xiaowu Shirley Tang
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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29
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Cernencu AI, Dinu AI, Stancu IC, Lungu A, Iovu H. Nanoengineered biomimetic hydrogels: A major advancement to fabricate 3D-printed constructs for regenerative medicine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:762-783. [PMID: 34961918 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured compounds already validated as performant reinforcements for biomedical applications together with different fabrication strategies have been often used to channel the biophysical and biochemical features of hydrogel networks. Ergo, a wide array of nanostructured compounds has been employed as additive materials integrated with hydrophilic networks based on naturally-derived polymers to produce promising scaffolding materials for specific fields of regenerative medicine. To date, nanoengineered hydrogels are extensively explored in (bio)printing formulations, representing the most advanced designs of hydrogel (bio)inks able to fabricate structures with improved mechanical properties and high print fidelity along with a cell-interactive environment. The development of printing inks comprising organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites is in full ascent as the impact of a small amount of nanoscale additive does not translate only in improved physicochemical and biomechanical properties of bioink. The biopolymeric nanocomposites may even exhibit additional particular properties engendered by nano-scale reinforcement such as electrical conductivity, magnetic responsiveness, antibacterial or antioxidation properties. The present review focus on hydrogels nanoengineered for 3D printing of biomimetic constructs, with particular emphasis on the impact of the spatial distribution of reinforcing agents (0D, 1D, 2D). Here, a systematic analysis of the naturally-derived nanostructured inks is presented highlighting the relationship between relevant length scales and size effects that influence the final properties of the hydrogels designed for regenerative medicine. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra I Cernencu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea I Dinu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Izabela C Stancu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Lungu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061, Bucharest, Romania.,Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094, Bucharest, Romania
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30
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Liao YC, Chang CC, Nagarajan D, Chen CY, Chang JS. Algae-derived hydrocolloids in foods: applications and health-related issues. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3787-3801. [PMID: 34281484 PMCID: PMC8806640 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1946359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrocolloids are a class of food additives with broad applications in the food industry to develop structure in food ingredients. Hydrocolloids can be synthetic, plant-based, or animal-based. Increasing consumer awareness has led to the use of natural food ingredients derived from natural sources, making algae-derived hydrocolloids more appealing nowadays. Algae-derived hydrocolloids such as carrageenan, agar, and alginate are widely used in the food industry as thickening, gelling, and emulsifying agents. Carrageenans are sulfated polysaccharides with diverse structural specificities. The safety of carrageenan use in the food industry has been widely debated recently due to the reported pro-inflammatory activities of carrageenan and the probable digestion of carrageenan by the gut microbiota to generate pro-inflammatory oligosaccharides. In contrast, both agar and alginate are primarily nontoxic, and generally no dispute regarding the use of the same in food ingredients. This review provides an overview of the algae industry, the food additives, the algae-derived hydrocolloids, the applications of algae-derived hydrocolloids in food industries, health-related studies, and other sectors, along with future perspectives. Even though differences of opinion exist in the use of carrageenan, it is continued to be used by the food industry and will be used until suitable alternatives are available. In summary, algal hydrocolloids are 'label-friendly' and considered a safe option against synthetic additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dillirani Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Chen
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Circular Economy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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31
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Chang X, Yang A, Bao X, He Z, Zhou K, Dong Q, Luo W. An innovative structured fruit (SF) product made from litchi juice, king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) and gellan gum: Nutritional, textural, sensorial properties. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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32
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Willson K, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Bioprinting Au Natural: The Biologics of Bioinks. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1593. [PMID: 34827591 PMCID: PMC8615908 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of appropriate bioinks is a complex task, dependent on the mechanical and biochemical requirements of the final construct and the type of printer used for fabrication. The two most common tissue printers are micro-extrusion and digital light projection printers. Here we briefly discuss the required characteristics of a bioink for each of these printing processes. However, physical printing is only a short window in the lifespan of a printed construct-the system must support and facilitate cellular development after it is printed. To that end, we provide a broad overview of some of the biological molecules currently used as bioinks. Each molecule has advantages for specific tissues/cells, and potential disadvantages are discussed, along with examples of their current use in the field. Notably, it is stressed that active researchers are trending towards the use of composite bioinks. Utilizing the strengths from multiple materials is highlighted as a key component of bioink development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James J. Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA; (K.W.); (A.A.)
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33
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Zhang L, Guo L, Wei G. Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Environmental Science Applications of Cellulose Nanofibril-Based Functional Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5390. [PMID: 34576613 PMCID: PMC8469206 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is one of the important biomass materials in nature and has shown wide applications in various fields from materials science, biomedicine, tissue engineering, wearable devices, energy, and environmental science, as well as many others. Due to their one-dimensional nanostructure, high specific surface area, excellent biodegradability, low cost, and high sustainability, cellulose nanofibrils/nanofibers (CNFs) have been widely used for environmental science applications in the last years. In this review, we summarize the advance in the design, synthesis, and water purification applications of CNF-based functional nanomaterials. To achieve this aim, we firstly introduce the synthesis and functionalization of CNFs, which are further extended for the formation of CNF hybrid materials by combining with other functional nanoscale building blocks, such as polymers, biomolecules, nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2D) materials. Then, the fabrication methods of CNF-based 2D membranes/films, three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels, and 3D aerogels are presented. Regarding the environmental science applications, CNF-based nanomaterials for the removal of metal ions, anions, organic dyes, oils, and bio-contents are demonstrated and discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and outlooks in this promising research field are discussed. It is expected that this topical review will guide and inspire the design and fabrication of CNF-based novel nanomaterials with high sustainability for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianming Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Lei Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Gang Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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34
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Sartika D, Syamsu K, Warsiki E, Fahma F, Arnata IW. Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Kapok Fiber (
Ceiba pentandra
) and its Reinforcement Effect on Alginate Hydrogel Bead. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Sartika
- Faculty of Agricultural Muhammadiyah University of Makassar Makassar South Sulawesi 90221 Indonesia
| | - Khaswar Syamsu
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor West Java 16680 Indonesia
| | - Endang Warsiki
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor West Java 16680 Indonesia
| | - Farah Fahma
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor West Java 16680 Indonesia
| | - I. Wayan Arnata
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Udayana University Badung Bali 80364 Indonesia
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35
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Jang JH, So BR, Yeo HJ, Kang HJ, Kim MJ, Lee JJ, Jung SK, Jung YH. Preparation of cellulose microfibril (CMF) from Gelidium amansii and feasibility of CMF as a cosmetic ingredient. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 257:117569. [PMID: 33541629 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose microfibrils (CMF) were successfully isolated from the red alga, Gelidium amansii. G. amansii was processed in two stages, microwave digestion and high-speed blending to remove agar and extract microfibrils, respectively. After pretreatment at 180 °C for 10 min, G. amansii containing 40.1 % glucan was microfibrillated through homogenization. Morphological analysis by SEM and FTIR, and analysis of the degree of fibrillation with water retention, sedimentation, and CtCBD3 protein binding of G. amansii-derived CMF were investigated. Functional analysis of CMF showed suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Additionally, suppression was evident in the: i) epidermal thickness of mice skin; ii) presence of proinflammatory cytokines; and iii) inhibition of JNK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Such activity demonstrates its anti-inflammatory properties. The results in this study showed the possibility of using CMF derived from a red alga as an anti-inflammation material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hwa Jang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram So
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Yeo
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jee Kang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Jae Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Hoon Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Institute of Fermentation Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activity of Alginate Films with a Low Amount of Carbon Nanofibers (0.1% w/w). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization has called for new effective and affordable alternative antimicrobial materials for the prevention and treatment of microbial infections. In this regard, calcium alginate has previously been shown to possess antiviral activity against the enveloped double-stranded DNA herpes simplex virus type 1. However, non-enveloped viruses are more resistant to inactivation than enveloped ones. Thus, the viral inhibition capacity of calcium alginate and the effect of adding a low amount of carbon nanofibers (0.1% w/w) were explored here against a non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus model for the first time. The results of this study showed that neat calcium alginate films partly inactivated this type of non-enveloped virus and that including that extremely low percentage of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) significantly enhanced its antiviral activity. These calcium alginate/CNFs composite materials also showed antibacterial properties against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacterial model and no cytotoxic effects in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Since alginate-based materials have also shown antiviral activity against four types of enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses similar to SARS-CoV-2 in previous studies, these novel calcium alginate/carbon nanofibers composites are promising as broad-spectrum antimicrobial biomaterials for the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Development and Characterization of Xanthan Gum and Alginate Based Bioadhesive Film for Pycnogenol Topical Use in Wound Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030324. [PMID: 33802607 PMCID: PMC8002000 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pycnogenol (PYC) is a concentrate of phenolic compounds derived from French maritime pine; its biological activity as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial suggests its use in the treatment of open wounds. A bioadhesive film, loaded with PYC, was prepared by casting, starting with a combination of two biopolymer acqueous solutions: xanthan gum (1% wt/wt) and sodium alginate (1.5% wt/wt), in a 2.5/7.5 (wt/wt) ratio. In both solutions, glycerol (10% wt/wt) was added as plasticizing agent. The film resulted in an adhesive capable to absorb a simulated wound fluid (~ 65% wt/wt within 1 h), therefore suitable for exuding wounds. The mechanical characterization showed that the film is deformable (elastic modulus E = 3.070 ± 0.044 MPa), suggesting adaptability to any type of surface and resistance to mechanical solicitations. PYC is released within 24 h by a sustained mechanism, achieving a maximum concentration of ~0.2 mg/mL, that is safe for keratinocytes, as shown by cytotoxicity studies. A concentration of 0.015 mg/mL is reached in the first 5 min after application, at which point PYC stimulates keratinocyte growth. These preliminary results suggest the use of PYC in formulations designed for topical use.
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Mills DK, Luo Y, Elumalai A, Esteve S, Karnik S, Yao S. Creating Structured Hydrogel Microenvironments for Regulating Stem Cell Differentiation. Gels 2020; 6:gels6040047. [PMID: 33276682 PMCID: PMC7768466 DOI: 10.3390/gels6040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of distinct biomimetic microenvironments for regulating stem cell behavior and bioengineering human tissues and disease models requires a solid understanding of cell-substrate interactions, adhesion, and its role in directing cell behavior, and other physico-chemical cues that drive cell behavior. In the past decade, innovative developments in chemistry, materials science, microfabrication, and associated technologies have given us the ability to manipulate the stem cell microenvironment with greater precision and, further, to monitor effector impacts on stem cells, both spatially and temporally. The influence of biomaterials and the 3D microenvironment's physical and biochemical properties on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and matrix production are the focus of this review chapter. Mechanisms and materials, principally hydrogel and hydrogel composites for bone and cartilage repair that create "cell-supportive" and "instructive" biomaterials, are emphasized. We begin by providing an overview of stem cells, their unique properties, and their challenges in regenerative medicine. An overview of current fabrication strategies for creating instructive substrates is then reviewed with a focused discussion of selected fabrication methods with an emphasis on bioprinting as a critical tool in creating novel stem cell-based biomaterials. We conclude with a critical assessment of the current state of the field and offer our view on the promises and potential pitfalls of the approaches discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K. Mills
- School of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Yangyang Luo
- Molecular Sciences and Nanotechnology, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
| | - Anusha Elumalai
- School of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
| | - Savannah Esteve
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
| | - Sonali Karnik
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Shaomian Yao
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
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Shavandi A, Hosseini S, Okoro OV, Nie L, Eghbali Babadi F, Melchels F. 3D Bioprinting of Lignocellulosic Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001472. [PMID: 33103365 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The interest in bioprinting of sustainable biomaterials is rapidly growing, and lignocellulosic biomaterials have a unique role in this development. Lignocellulosic materials are biocompatible and possess tunable mechanical properties, and therefore promising for use in the field of 3D-printed biomaterials. This review aims to spotlight the recent progress on the application of different lignocellulosic materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) from various sources (wood, bacteria, and fungi) in different forms (including nanocrystals and nanofibers in 3D bioprinting). Their crystallinity, leading to water insolubility and the presence of suspended nanostructures, makes these polymers stand out among hydrogel-forming biomaterials. These unique structures give rise to favorable properties such as high ink viscosity and strength and toughness of the final hydrogel, even when used at low concentrations. In this review, the application of lignocellulosic polymers with other components in inks is reported for 3D bioprinting and identified supercritical CO2 as a potential sterilization method for 3D-printed cellulosic materials. This review also focuses on the areas of potential development by highlighting the opportunities and unmet challenges such as the need for standardization of the production, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of the cellulosic materials that underscore the direction of future research into the 3D biofabrication of cellulose-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter–Biomass Transformation Lab (BTL), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles Université Libre de Bruxelles Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50‐CP 165/61 Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Soraya Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi 62102 Taiwan
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Department of Process Engineering Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Farahnaz Eghbali Babadi
- Bio‐Circular‐Green‐economy Technology & Engineering Center BCGeTEC Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Ferry Melchels
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
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Bolandi B, Imani R, Bonakdar S, Fakhrzadeh H. Chondrogenic stimulation in mesenchymal stem cells using scaffold‐based sustained release of platelet‐rich plasma. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Bolandi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Rana Imani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National Cell Bank Department Iran Pasteur Institute Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Fakhrzadeh
- Elderly Health Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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41
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Volić MM, Obradović NS, Djordjević VB, Luković ND, Knežević-Jugović ZD, Bugarski BM. Design of biopolymer carriers enriched with natural emulsifiers for improved controlled release of thyme essential oil. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3833-3842. [PMID: 33084058 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to characterize a novel system for thyme essential oil delivery based on the combination of natural emulsifiers (soy protein and soy lecithin) and alginate, produced using the extrusion technique. The formulations are optimized concerning alginate and soy protein concentrations (both 1 to 1.5 wt.%), and consequently lecithin amount, in order to achieve spherical beads in the range 2.0 to 2.3 mm and 1.2 to 1.4 mm, wet and dry, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared analysis was performed, proving that there are interactions between all components. Lecithin-soy protein synergistic combination improved entrapment efficiency of total polyphenols (for nearly 12%) and decreased thymol release in a simulated gastric solution for nearly 35%, in comparison with beads without lecithin. The addition of lecithin enhances the thermal properties of the polysaccharide-protein systems at 50 °C after 3 hr of heating. The mechanical stability of the biopolymer carriers is improved with lecithin addition and the elastic modulus varied from 80.06 to 123.7 kPa, depending on the formulation. Alginate/soy protein/lecithin are effective carriers for the encapsulation, protection, and controlled release of thyme essential oil. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: There is unfortunately growing human resistance to antibiotics. This work offers a novel system for effective protection and controlled release of thyme essential oil in the small intestine. The mechanical and thermal properties of the carrier were estimated as they indicate how the beads will be able to resist stress during their incorporation into food (i.e. cookies-mixing, baking). The proposed approach offers ''green advantage'' as arises from all-natural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina M Volić
- University of Belgrade, Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Nataša S Obradović
- University of Belgrade, Innovation Center of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Verica B Djordjević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Nevena D Luković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Zorica D Knežević-Jugović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Branko M Bugarski
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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Campodoni E, Montanari M, Dozio SM, Heggset EB, Panseri S, Montesi M, Tampieri A, Syverud K, Sandri M. Blending Gelatin and Cellulose Nanofibrils: Biocomposites with Tunable Degradability and Mechanical Behavior. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061219. [PMID: 32580479 PMCID: PMC7353106 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many studies show how biomaterial properties like stiffness, mechanical stimulation and surface topography can influence cellular functions and direct stem cell differentiation. In this work, two different natural materials, gelatin (Gel) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), were combined to design suitable 3D porous biocomposites for soft-tissue engineering. Gel was selected for its well-assessed high biomimicry that it shares with collagen, from which it derives, while the CNFs were chosen as structural reinforcement because of their exceptional mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Three different compositions of Gel and CNFs, i.e., with weight ratios of 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75, were studied. The biocomposites were morphologically characterized and their total- and macro- porosity assessed, proving their suitability for cell colonization. In general, the pores were larger and more isotropic in the biocomposites compared to the pure materials. The influence of freeze-casting and dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) on mechanical properties, the absorption ability and the shape retention were evaluated. Higher content of CNFs gave higher swelling, and this was attributed to the pore structure. Cross-linking between CNFs and Gel using DHT was confirmed. The Young’s modulus increased significantly by adding the CNFs to Gel with a linear relationship with respect to the CNF amounts. Finally, the biocomposites were characterized in vitro by testing cell colonization and growth through a quantitative cell viability analysis performed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Additionally, the cell viability analysis was performed by the means of a Live/Dead test with Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). All the biocomposites had higher cytocompatibility compared to the pure materials, Gel and CNFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Campodoni
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.D.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (K.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +39-0546-699761 (E.C.); +47-95903740 (K.S.); +39-0546-699761 (M.S.)
| | - Margherita Montanari
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.D.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Samuele M. Dozio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.D.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (A.T.)
| | | | - Silvia Panseri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.D.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.D.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.D.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Kristin Syverud
- RISE PFI, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (K.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +39-0546-699761 (E.C.); +47-95903740 (K.S.); +39-0546-699761 (M.S.)
| | - Monica Sandri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.D.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (K.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +39-0546-699761 (E.C.); +47-95903740 (K.S.); +39-0546-699761 (M.S.)
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43
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Li Z, Ramos A, Li MC, Li Z, Bhatta S, Jeyaseelan A, Li Y, Wu Q, Yao S, Xu J. Improvement of cell deposition by self-absorbent capability of freeze-dried 3D-bioprinted scaffolds derived from cellulose material-alginate hydrogels. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:045009. [PMID: 33444270 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab8fc6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell-laden printing is the most commonly used approach in 3D bioprinting. One of the major drawbacks of cell-laden printing is that cell viability is highly affected by the extrusion pressure and shear force in the printing process. We present a new cell-deposition method by using the superabsorbent capability of 3D printed scaffolds with four ink formations: 20:10 nanocrystal/alginate (NCA 20/10), 20:10 nanofiber/alginate (NFA 20/10), 20:02 nanocrystal/alginate (NCA 20/02) and 20:02 nanofiber/alginate (NFA 20/02). Limited pores were observed from the surface of inherent NCA and NFA scaffolds, which may limit the numbers of cells to enter into the scaffolds. Therefore, we designed a dual-porous (DP) structure to connect the inherent pores (IPs) to the scaffold surface. Due to these porous structures, NCA and NFA scaffolds exhibit an excellent capability to absorb cell suspension, which may be used for depositing cells to 3D-printed scaffolds, namely self-absorbent (SA) deposition. Compared to the conventional top-loading (TL) method, the SA method had more uniform cell distributions in the entire 3D-printed scaffolds and higher efficiency of cell deposition. For the TL method, DP scaffold exhibited a more uniform cell distribution, which may provide a better microenvironment for the cells in comparison to the IP scaffold. For both cell loading methods, a rapid increase of cell number was observed in the first 4 days of culture in the 3D-printed NCA and NFA structures. NFA 20/02 exhibits the best cell viability compared to the other three inks. In conclusion, the SA method may serve as a new approach for loading cells in cell-free 3D-bioprinting, and DP design could improve the efficiency of the cell deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiang Li
- Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States of America
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Zhang X, Morits M, Jonkergouw C, Ora A, Valle-Delgado JJ, Farooq M, Ajdary R, Huan S, Linder M, Rojas O, Sipponen MH, Österberg M. Three-Dimensional Printed Cell Culture Model Based on Spherical Colloidal Lignin Particles and Cellulose Nanofibril-Alginate Hydrogel. Biomacromolecules 2020. [PMID: 31992046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1879b01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been an emerging technique to fabricate precise scaffolds for biomedical applications. Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hydrogels have attracted considerable attention as a material for 3D printing because of their shear-thinning properties. Combining cellulose nanofibril hydrogels with alginate is an effective method to enable cross-linking of the printed scaffolds in the presence of Ca2+ ions. In this work, spherical colloidal lignin particles (CLPs, also known as spherical lignin nanoparticles) were used to prepare CNF-alginate-CLP nanocomposite scaffolds. High-resolution images obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that CLPs were homogeneously mixed with the CNF hydrogel. CLPs brought antioxidant properties to the CNF-alginate-CLP scaffolds in a concentration-dependent manner and increased the viscosity of the hydrogels at a low shear rate, which correspondingly provide better shape fidelity and printing resolution to the scaffolds. Interestingly, the CLPs did not affect the viscosity at high shear rates, showing that the shear thinning behavior typical for CNF hydrogels was retained, enabling easy printing. The CNF-alginate-CLP scaffolds demonstrated shape stability after printing, cross-linking, and storage in Dulbecco's phosphate buffer solution (DPBS +) containing Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, up to 7 days. The 3D-printed scaffolds showed relative rehydration ratio values above 80% after freeze-drying, demonstrating a high water-retaining capability. Cell viability tests using hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 showed no negative effect of CLPs on cell proliferation. Fluorescence microscopy indicated that HepG2 cells grew not only on the surfaces but also inside the porous scaffolds. Overall, our results demonstrate that nanocomposite CNF-alginate-CLP scaffolds have high potential in soft-tissue engineering and regenerative-medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Maria Morits
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Christopher Jonkergouw
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Ari Ora
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Juan José Valle-Delgado
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Rubina Ajdary
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Siqi Huan
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Markus Linder
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Orlando Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mika Henrikki Sipponen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Monika Österberg
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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Zhang X, Morits M, Jonkergouw C, Ora A, Valle-Delgado JJ, Farooq M, Ajdary R, Huan S, Linder M, Rojas O, Sipponen MH, Österberg M. Three-Dimensional Printed Cell Culture Model Based on Spherical Colloidal Lignin Particles and Cellulose Nanofibril-Alginate Hydrogel. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1875-1885. [PMID: 31992046 PMCID: PMC7218745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been an emerging technique to fabricate precise scaffolds for biomedical applications. Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hydrogels have attracted considerable attention as a material for 3D printing because of their shear-thinning properties. Combining cellulose nanofibril hydrogels with alginate is an effective method to enable cross-linking of the printed scaffolds in the presence of Ca2+ ions. In this work, spherical colloidal lignin particles (CLPs, also known as spherical lignin nanoparticles) were used to prepare CNF-alginate-CLP nanocomposite scaffolds. High-resolution images obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that CLPs were homogeneously mixed with the CNF hydrogel. CLPs brought antioxidant properties to the CNF-alginate-CLP scaffolds in a concentration-dependent manner and increased the viscosity of the hydrogels at a low shear rate, which correspondingly provide better shape fidelity and printing resolution to the scaffolds. Interestingly, the CLPs did not affect the viscosity at high shear rates, showing that the shear thinning behavior typical for CNF hydrogels was retained, enabling easy printing. The CNF-alginate-CLP scaffolds demonstrated shape stability after printing, cross-linking, and storage in Dulbecco's phosphate buffer solution (DPBS +) containing Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, up to 7 days. The 3D-printed scaffolds showed relative rehydration ratio values above 80% after freeze-drying, demonstrating a high water-retaining capability. Cell viability tests using hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 showed no negative effect of CLPs on cell proliferation. Fluorescence microscopy indicated that HepG2 cells grew not only on the surfaces but also inside the porous scaffolds. Overall, our results demonstrate that nanocomposite CNF-alginate-CLP scaffolds have high potential in soft-tissue engineering and regenerative-medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Maria Morits
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Christopher Jonkergouw
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Ari Ora
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Juan José Valle-Delgado
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Rubina Ajdary
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Siqi Huan
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Markus Linder
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Orlando Rojas
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mika Henrikki Sipponen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Monika Österberg
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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Khanal S, Bhattarai SR, Sankar J, Bhandari RK, Macdonald JM, Bhattarai N. Nano-fibre Integrated Microcapsules: A Nano-in-Micro Platform for 3D Cell Culture. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13951. [PMID: 31562351 PMCID: PMC6765003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-in-micro (NIM) system is a promising approach to enhance the performance of devices for a wide range of applications in disease treatment and tissue regeneration. In this study, polymeric nanofibre-integrated alginate (PNA) hydrogel microcapsules were designed using NIM technology. Various ratios of cryo-ground poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanofibres (CPN) were incorporated into PNA hydrogel microcapsule. Electrostatic encapsulation method was used to incorporate living cells into the PNA microcapsules (~500 µm diameter). Human liver carcinoma cells, HepG2, were encapsulated into the microcapsules and their physio-chemical properties were studied. Morphology, stability, and chemical composition of the PNA microcapsules were analysed by light microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The incorporation of CPN caused no significant changes in the morphology, size, and chemical structure of PNA microcapsules in cell culture media. Among four PNA microcapsule products (PNA-0, PNA-10, PNA-30, and PNA-50 with size 489 ± 31 µm, 480 ± 40 µm, 473 ± 51 µm and 464 ± 35 µm, respectively), PNA-10 showed overall suitability for HepG2 growth with high cellular metabolic activity, indicating that the 3D PNA-10 microcapsule could be suitable to maintain better vitality and liver-specific metabolic functions. Overall, this novel design of PNA microcapsule and the one-step method of cell encapsulation can be a versatile 3D NIM system for spontaneous generation of organoids with in vivo like tissue architectures, and the system can be useful for numerous biomedical applications, especially for liver tissue engineering, cell preservation, and drug toxicity study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalil Khanal
- 0000 0001 0287 4439grid.261037.1Department of Applied Science and Technology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA ,0000 0001 0287 4439grid.261037.1Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - Shanta R. Bhattarai
- 0000 0001 0287 4439grid.261037.1Department of Chemistry, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA ,0000 0001 0287 4439grid.261037.1Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA ,0000 0001 0671 255Xgrid.266860.cDepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - Jagannathan Sankar
- 0000 0001 0287 4439grid.261037.1Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - Ramji K. Bhandari
- 0000 0001 0671 255Xgrid.266860.cDepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Macdonald
- 0000 0001 1034 1720grid.410711.2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Narayan Bhattarai
- 0000 0001 0287 4439grid.261037.1Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC USA
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47
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Espinosa E, Filgueira D, Rodríguez A, Chinga-Carrasco G. Nanocellulose-Based Inks-Effect of Alginate Content on the Water Absorption of 3D Printed Constructs. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:E65. [PMID: 31366050 PMCID: PMC6784144 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were used as ink for three-dimensional (3D) printing of porous structures with potential as wound dressings. Alginate (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt%) was incorporated into the formulation to facilitate the ionic cross-linking with calcium chloride (CaCl2). The effect of two different concentrations of CaCl2 (50 and 100 mM) was studied. The 3D printed hydrogels were freeze-dried to produce aerogels which were tested for water absorption. Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) pictures demonstrated that the higher the concentration of the cross-linker the higher the definition of the printed tracks. CNF-based aerogels showed a remarkable water absorption capability. Although the incorporation of alginate and the cross-linking with CaCl2 led to shrinkage of the 3D printed constructs, the approach yielded suitable porous structures for water and moisture absorption. It is concluded that the 3D printed biocomposite structures developed in this study have characteristics that are promising for wound dressings devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Espinosa
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Rodríguez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
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Dalheim MØ, Omtvedt LA, Bjørge IM, Akbarzadeh A, Mano JF, Aachmann FL, Strand BL. Mechanical Properties of Ca-Saturated Hydrogels with Functionalized Alginate. Gels 2019; 5:E23. [PMID: 31010196 PMCID: PMC6631140 DOI: 10.3390/gels5020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the mechanical properties and stability of alginate hydrogels containing functionalized alginates (peptide and β-cyclodextrin) were studied. There is an increasing interest in the modification of alginates to add functions such as cell attachment and increased solubility of hydrophobic drugs, for better performance in tissue engineering and drug release, respectively. Functionalization was achieved in this study via periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination, previously shown to give a high and controllable degree of substitution. Young's modulus and the stress at rupture of the hydrogels were in general lowered when exchanging native alginate with the modified alginate. Still, the gel strength could be adjusted by the fraction of modified alginate in the mixed hydrogels as well as the degree of oxidation. No notable difference in deformation at rupture was observed while syneresis was influenced by the degree of oxidation and possibly by the nature and amount of the grafted molecules. The mixed hydrogels were less stable than hydrogels with only native alginate, and modified alginate was released from the hydrogels. Furthermore, the hydrogels in general rather disintegrated than swelled upon saline treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Ø Dalheim
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Line Aa Omtvedt
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Isabel M Bjørge
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Anita Akbarzadeh
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Finn L Aachmann
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Berit L Strand
- NOBIPOL, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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Cuomo F, Cofelice M, Lopez F. Rheological Characterization of Hydrogels from Alginate-Based Nanodispersion. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E259. [PMID: 30960242 PMCID: PMC6419013 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest toward alginate and nanoemulsion-based hydrogels is driven by the wide potential of application. These systems have been noticed in several areas, ranging from pharmaceutical, medical, coating, and food industries. In this investigation, hydrogels prepared through in situ calcium ion release, starting from lemongrass essential oil nanodispersions stabilized in alginate aqueous suspensions in the presence of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80, were evaluated. The hydrogels prepared at different concentrations of oil, alginate, and calcium were characterized through rheological tests. Flow curves demonstrate that the hydrogels share shear thinning behavior. Oscillatory tests showed that the strength of the hydrogel network increases with the crosslinker increase, and decreases at low polymer concentrations. The hydrogels were thixotropic materials with a slow time of structural restoration after breakage. Finally, by analyzing the creep recovery data, the hydrogel responses were all fitted to the Burger model. Overall, it was demonstrated that the presence of essential oil in the proposed hydrogels does not affect the mechanical characteristics of the materials, which are mainly influenced by the concentration of polymer and calcium as a crosslinker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cuomo
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Martina Cofelice
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Francesco Lopez
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DiAAA) and Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy.
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Siqueira P, Siqueira É, de Lima AE, Siqueira G, Pinzón-Garcia AD, Lopes AP, Segura MEC, Isaac A, Pereira FV, Botaro VR. Three-Dimensional Stable Alginate-Nanocellulose Gels for Biomedical Applications: Towards Tunable Mechanical Properties and Cell Growing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E78. [PMID: 30626080 PMCID: PMC6359031 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been studied as promising materials in different biomedical applications such as cell culture in tissue engineering or in wound healing. In this work, we synthesized different nanocellulose-alginate hydrogels containing cellulose nanocrystals, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanocrystals (CNCTs), cellulose nanofibers or TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNFTs). The hydrogels were freeze-dried and named as gels. The nanocelluloses and the gels were characterized by different techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), while the biological features were characterized by cytotoxicity and cell growth assays. The addition of CNCTs or CNFTs in alginate gels contributed to the formation of porous structure (diameter of pores in the range between 40 and 150 μm). TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers have proven to play a crucial role in improving the dimensional stability of the samples when compared to the pure alginate gels, mainly after a thermal post-treatment of these gels containing 50 wt % of CNFT, which significantly increased the Ca2+ crosslinking density in the gel structure. The morphological characteristics, the mechanical properties, and the non-cytotoxic behavior of the CNFT-alginate gels improved bioadhesion, growth, and proliferation of the cells onto the gels. Thus, the alginate-nanocellulose gels might find applications in tissue engineering field, as for instance, in tissue repair or wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Siqueira
- REDEMAT, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Éder Siqueira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Ana Elza de Lima
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Gilberto Siqueira
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Applied Wood Materials Laboratory, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Delia Pinzón-Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
| | | | - Augusta Isaac
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal, University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano Vargas Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
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