Stachowiak D, Jaworski P, Krzaczek P, Maj G, Nikodem M. Laser-Based Monitoring of CH₄, CO₂, NH₃, and H₂S in Animal Farming-System Characterization and Initial Demonstration.
SENSORS 2018;
18:s18020529. [PMID:
29425175 PMCID:
PMC5854979 DOI:
10.3390/s18020529]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a system for sequential detection of multiple gases using laser-based wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) method combined with a Herriot-type multi-pass cell. Concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and ammonia (NH₃) are retrieved using three distributed feedback laser diodes operating at 1574.5 nm (H₂S and CO₂), 1651 nm (CH₄), and 1531 nm (NH₃). Careful adjustment of system parameters allows for H₂S sensing at single parts-per-million by volume (ppmv) level with strongly reduced interference from adjacent CO₂ transitions even at atmospheric pressure. System characterization in laboratory conditions is presented and the results from initial tests in real-world application are demonstrated.
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