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Pascucci I, Paniccià M, Giammarioli M, Biagetti M, Duranti A, Campomori P, Smilari V, Ancora M, Scialabba S, Secondini B, Cammà C, Lorusso A. SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in a Paucisymptomatic Dog, Italy. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050514. [PMID: 35631035 PMCID: PMC9143276 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 detection has been described in several animal species. A total of 625 outbreaks in animals have been reported globally, affecting 17 species in 32 countries and the human source of infection has been recognized including pet owners, zookeepers, and farmers. In this report, we describe the case of a paucisymptomatic dog in Italy infected with SARS-CoV-2 from a household with three confirmed human cases of COVID-19 living in Pesaro (Marche region, Italy). The dog showed high viral RNA titers in the nasal and oropharyngeal swabs. In the nasal swab, SARS-CoV-2 RNA lasted for a least a week. By sequencing, the strain was assigned to the AY.23 lineage (PANGO), one of the sub-lineages of the major SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern (VOC). Although we did not process the swabs of the three human cases, we strongly suspect a human origin for the dog infection. In this regard, AY.23 sequences, although never released thus far in the Marche region, were detected in the neighboring regions. Our findings highlight once more the need for a One Health approach for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance, management, and control, thus preventing viral spillover from animals to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Pascucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche—Togo Rosati, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+39-0721-281677
| | - Marta Paniccià
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche—Togo Rosati, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Monica Giammarioli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche—Togo Rosati, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Massimo Biagetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche—Togo Rosati, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Anna Duranti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche—Togo Rosati, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Pamela Campomori
- Servizio Veterinario Sanità Animale Area Vasta 1-ASUR Marche, 61121 Pesaro, Italy; (P.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Valerio Smilari
- Servizio Veterinario Sanità Animale Area Vasta 1-ASUR Marche, 61121 Pesaro, Italy; (P.C.); (V.S.)
| | - Massimo Ancora
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e Molise, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.A.); (S.S.); (B.S.); (C.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Silvia Scialabba
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e Molise, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.A.); (S.S.); (B.S.); (C.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Barbara Secondini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e Molise, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.A.); (S.S.); (B.S.); (C.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Cesare Cammà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e Molise, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.A.); (S.S.); (B.S.); (C.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Alessio Lorusso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e Molise, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.A.); (S.S.); (B.S.); (C.C.); (A.L.)
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Ward A, Stephen K, Argo C, Watson C, Harris P, Neacsu M, Russell W, Grove-White D, Morrison P. The Human Aspect of Horse Care: How the COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted the Wellbeing of Equestrian Industry Stakeholders. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082163. [PMID: 34438622 PMCID: PMC8388490 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During the lockdown phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, equestrian stakeholders faced a dilemma whereby they were required to balance caring for the welfare of horses with adapting to the restrictions imposed to protect public health. The present study investigated the impact of the pandemic on the wellbeing of a sample of industry stakeholders, including horse owners, equine veterinarians, farriers and welfare centre managers (n = 26) using a qualitative methodology. Findings from the interviews indicated that the mental health and wellbeing of veterinarians and horse owners was negatively affected by pandemic-related obstacles to communication and limitations to horse-owner interactions. However, this study also identified several positive outcomes for wellbeing during lockdown resulting from pro-social activities that were engaged with by horse owners to overcome social isolation, the separation of the community and loneliness. These findings provide accounts of ways in which those caring for horses might be challenged during national emergency scenarios, pointing to areas that would benefit from future mental health and wellbeing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Ward
- Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen AB21 9YA, UK; (A.W.); (K.S.); (C.A.); (C.W.)
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (M.N.); (W.R.)
| | - Kate Stephen
- Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen AB21 9YA, UK; (A.W.); (K.S.); (C.A.); (C.W.)
| | - Caroline Argo
- Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen AB21 9YA, UK; (A.W.); (K.S.); (C.A.); (C.W.)
| | - Christine Watson
- Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen AB21 9YA, UK; (A.W.); (K.S.); (C.A.); (C.W.)
| | - Patricia Harris
- Equine Studies Group, WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK;
| | - Madalina Neacsu
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (M.N.); (W.R.)
| | - Wendy Russell
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (M.N.); (W.R.)
| | - Dai Grove-White
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;
| | - Philippa Morrison
- Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen AB21 9YA, UK; (A.W.); (K.S.); (C.A.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Hamer SA, Pauvolid-Corrêa A, Zecca IB, Davila E, Auckland LD, Roundy CM, Tang W, Torchetti MK, Killian ML, Jenkins-Moore M, Mozingo K, Akpalu Y, Ghai RR, Spengler JR, Barton Behravesh C, Fischer RSB, Hamer GL. SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Viral Isolations among Serially Tested Cats and Dogs in Households with Infected Owners in Texas, USA. Viruses 2021; 13:938. [PMID: 34069453 PMCID: PMC8159091 DOI: 10.3390/v13050938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ecological and epidemiological roles of pets in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for animal and human health, identifying household reservoirs, and predicting the potential enzootic maintenance of the virus. We conducted a longitudinal household transmission study of 76 dogs and cats living with at least one SARS-CoV-2-infected human in Texas and found that 17 pets from 25.6% of 39 households met the national case definition for SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals. This includes three out of seventeen (17.6%) cats and one out of fifty-nine (1.7%) dogs that were positive by RT-PCR and sequencing, with the virus successfully isolated from the respiratory swabs of one cat and one dog. Whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 obtained from all four PCR-positive animals were unique variants grouping with genomes circulating among people with COVID-19 in Texas. Re-sampling showed persistence of viral RNA for at least 25 d-post initial test. Additionally, seven out of sixteen (43.8%) cats and seven out of fifty-nine (11.9%) dogs harbored SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies upon initial sampling, with relatively stable or increasing titers over the 2-3 months of follow-up and no evidence of seroreversion. The majority (82.4%) of infected pets were asymptomatic. 'Reverse zoonotic' transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from infected people to animals may occur more frequently than recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Hamer
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.P.-C.); (I.B.Z.); (E.D.); (L.D.A.)
| | - Alex Pauvolid-Corrêa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.P.-C.); (I.B.Z.); (E.D.); (L.D.A.)
- Laboratory of Respiratory Viruses and Measles, SARS-CoV-2 National Reference Laboratory and Regional Reference Laboratory in the Americas (PAHO/WHO), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Italo B. Zecca
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.P.-C.); (I.B.Z.); (E.D.); (L.D.A.)
| | - Edward Davila
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.P.-C.); (I.B.Z.); (E.D.); (L.D.A.)
| | - Lisa D. Auckland
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.P.-C.); (I.B.Z.); (E.D.); (L.D.A.)
| | - Christopher M. Roundy
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University and AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (C.M.R.); (W.T.); (G.L.H.)
| | - Wendy Tang
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University and AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (C.M.R.); (W.T.); (G.L.H.)
| | - Mia Kim Torchetti
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, USDA APHIS VS, Ames, IA 50010, USA; (M.K.T.); (M.L.K.); (M.J.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Mary Lea Killian
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, USDA APHIS VS, Ames, IA 50010, USA; (M.K.T.); (M.L.K.); (M.J.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Melinda Jenkins-Moore
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, USDA APHIS VS, Ames, IA 50010, USA; (M.K.T.); (M.L.K.); (M.J.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Katie Mozingo
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, USDA APHIS VS, Ames, IA 50010, USA; (M.K.T.); (M.L.K.); (M.J.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Yao Akpalu
- Brazos County Health Department, Bryan, TX 77803, USA;
| | - Ria R. Ghai
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (R.R.G.); (J.R.S.); (C.B.B.)
| | - Jessica R. Spengler
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (R.R.G.); (J.R.S.); (C.B.B.)
| | - Casey Barton Behravesh
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (R.R.G.); (J.R.S.); (C.B.B.)
| | | | - Gabriel L. Hamer
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University and AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (C.M.R.); (W.T.); (G.L.H.)
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Lorusso A, Calistri P, Savini G, Morelli D, Ambrosij L, Migliorati G, D’Alterio N. Novel SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Italy: The Role of Veterinary Public Health Institutes. Viruses 2021; 13:v13040549. [PMID: 33806104 PMCID: PMC8064458 DOI: 10.3390/v13040549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel SARS-CoV-2 variants with potential impacts on diagnostics, antivirals, and vaccines are spreading in Italy. In this editorial, we highlight the role that veterinary public health institutes may have in this global crisis, as their expertise in genomic/antigenic surveillance and animal studies are crucial to tackle SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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