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Xu C, Chen S, Chen J, Wang J, Niu X, Rong R, Zhu T, Zeng Y. Dual roles of BK Polyomavirus in promoting urothelial carcinoma progression via regulating CLDN1. Biomark Res 2024; 12:9. [PMID: 38245774 PMCID: PMC10800034 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled productive infection of BK polyomaviruses (BKV) in immunocompromised patients was reported to result in serious diseases, especially renourinary malignancies. However, the mechanism of BKV as a role of human carcinogen is still unknown. In this study, we showed that there is a significant association between BKV infection and metastasis of urothelial carcinoma (UCA). BKV-infected tumor tissues exhibit invasive histologic phenomena with vascular invasion and myometrial invasion. Then we identified that BKV promotes UCA invasion in a mode of dual regulation of tumor cells (TCs) invasion and endothelial cells (ECs) adhesion by encoding miRNAs. In cancer cells, BKV-B1-miR-5p promotes cell motility and invasiveness by directly targeting CLDN1. Moreover, exosomal-BKV-B1-miR-3p derived from BK-infected BC cells would be transferred to ECs and increase its adhesion to tumor cells by switching on the CLDN1 enhancer, which subsequently destroyed endothelial monolayers and increased permeability. In a human urothelial cancer metastasis mouse model, BK-inoculated cells exhibited higher incidence of vascular leakage and liver colonization. However, the vascular leakage and liver metastasis could be reduced when knocking down miRNAs in BK-inoculated cells. Our research delineates the bifunctional impact of BKV-encoded microRNAs on the expression of CLDN1 within both TCs and ECs, which orchestrates the establishment of a pre-metastatic niche in UCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuidi Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Siyue Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Juntao Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jina Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xinhao Niu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruiming Rong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Transfusion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Transfusion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yigang Zeng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Shanghai, 201508, China.
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Kimura M, Kothari S, Gohir W, Camargo JF, Husain S. MicroRNAs in infectious diseases: potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Clin Microbiol Rev 2023; 36:e0001523. [PMID: 37909789 PMCID: PMC10732047 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00015-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved, short, non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. They have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer and neurological, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases. Several recent studies have suggested that miRNAs are key players in regulating the differentiation, maturation, and activation of immune cells, thereby influencing the host immune response to infection. The resultant upregulation or downregulation of miRNAs from infection influences the protein expression of genes responsible for the immune response and can determine the risk of disease progression. Recently, miRNAs have been explored as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various infectious diseases. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of miRNAs during viral, fungal, bacterial, and parasitic infections from a clinical perspective, including critical functional mechanisms and implications for their potential use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneyoshi Kimura
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sagar Kothari
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wajiha Gohir
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jose F. Camargo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shahid Husain
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Zhou X, Zhu C, Li H. BK polyomavirus: latency, reactivation, diseases and tumorigenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1263983. [PMID: 37771695 PMCID: PMC10525381 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1263983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of the first human polyomavirus BK (BKV) has been over half century, The previous epidemiological and phylogenetic studies suggest that BKV prevailed and co-evolved with humans, leading to high seroprevalence all over the world. In general, BKV stays latent and symptomless reactivation in healthy individuals. BKV has been mainly interlinked with BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) in kidney-transplant recipients and hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients (HSCTRs). However, the mechanisms underlying BKV latency and reactivation are not fully understood and lack of extensive debate. As Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) was identified as a pathogenic agent of malignant cutaneous cancer Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) since 2008, linking BKV to tumorigenesis of urologic tumors raised concerns in the scientific community. In this review, we mainly focus on advances of mechanisms of BKV latency and reactivation, and BKV-associated diseases or tumorigenesis with systematical review of formerly published papers following the PRISMA guidelines. The potential tumorigenesis of BKV in two major types of cancers, head and neck cancer and urologic cancer, was systematically updated and discussed in depth. Besides, BKV may also play an infectious role contributing to HIV-associated salivary gland disease (HIVSGD) presentation. As more evidence indicates the key role of BKV in potential tumorigenesis, it is important to pay more attention on its etiology and pathogenicity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Zhou
- Cancer Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Translational Cancer Technology, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunlong Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Diagnosis and Genomics of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, China
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Yaghobi R, Afshari A, Roozbeh J. Host and viral
RNA
dysregulation during
BK
polyomavirus
infection in kidney transplant recipients. WIRES RNA 2022:e1769. [DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Yaghobi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Afsoon Afshari
- Shiraz Nephro‐Urology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Jamshid Roozbeh
- Shiraz Nephro‐Urology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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Wang S, Su M, Lin J, Zhang L, Li J, Tian Y, Qiu W. S100A8/A9, an Upregulated Host Factor in BK Virus Infection after Kidney Transplantation, Is Associated with Allograft Function Impairment. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2356-2366. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sixu Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ming Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong’an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
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BK Virus Infection and BK-Virus-Associated Nephropathy in Renal Transplant Recipients. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071290. [PMID: 35886073 PMCID: PMC9323957 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Poliomavirus BK virus (BKV) is highly infective, causing asymptomatic infections during childhood. After the initial infection, a stable state of latent infection is recognized in kidney tubular cells and the uroepithelium with negligible clinical consequences. BKV is an important risk factor for BKV-associated diseases, and, in particular, for BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVN) in renal transplanted recipients (RTRs). BKVN affects up to 10% of renal transplanted recipients, and results in graft loss in up to 50% of those affected. Unfortunately, treatments for BK virus infection are restricted, and there is no efficient prophylaxis. In addition, consequent immunosuppressive therapy reduction contributes to immune rejection. Increasing surveillance and early diagnosis based upon easy and rapid analyses are resulting in more beneficial outcomes. In this report, the current status and perspectives in the diagnosis and treatment of BKV in RTRs are reviewed.
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Demey B, Bentz M, Descamps V, Morel V, Francois C, Castelain S, Helle F, Brochot E. BK Polyomavirus bkv-miR-B1-5p: A Stable Micro-RNA to Monitor Active Viral Replication after Kidney Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137240. [PMID: 35806242 PMCID: PMC9266457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bkv-miR-B1-5p is a viral micro-RNA (miRNA) specifically produced during BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) replication. Recent studies have suggested using bkv-miR-B1-5p as a biomarker to monitor viral infection and predict complications in kidney transplant patients. To identify the technical limitations of this miRNA quantification in biological samples, knowledge of its stability and distribution in the extracellular compartment is necessary. Moreover, a proof of concept for using bkv-miR-B1-5p as a biomarker of active replication in chronic infection is still missing in the published literature. Methods: The stability of bkv-miR-B1-5p was evaluated in samples derived from cell cultures and in urine from BKPyV-infected kidney transplant recipients. The miRNA was quantified in different fractions of the extracellular compartment, including exosomes, and protein binding was evaluated. Finally, we developed an in vitro model for chronic culture of BKPyV clinical isolates to observe changes in the bkv-miR-B1-5p level during persistent infections. Results: Bkv-miR-B1-5p is a stable biomarker in samples from humans and in vitro experiments. Marginally associated with the exosomes, most of the circulating bkv-miR-B1-5p is bound to proteins, especially Ago2, so the miRNA quantification does not require specific exosome isolation. The bkv-miR-B1-5p level is predictable of viral infectivity, which makes it a potential specific biomarker of active BKPyV replication after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Demey
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, F-80000 Amiens, France; (V.D.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.)
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence: (B.D.); (E.B.); Tel.: +33-322087065 (B.D.)
| | - Marine Bentz
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Véronique Descamps
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, F-80000 Amiens, France; (V.D.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.)
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Virginie Morel
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, F-80000 Amiens, France; (V.D.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.)
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Catherine Francois
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, F-80000 Amiens, France; (V.D.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.)
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Sandrine Castelain
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, F-80000 Amiens, France; (V.D.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.)
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Francois Helle
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
| | - Etienne Brochot
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, F-80000 Amiens, France; (V.D.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.)
- UR UPJV 4294, Agents Infectieux, Résistance et Chimiothérapie (AGIR), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, F-80000 Amiens, France; (M.B.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence: (B.D.); (E.B.); Tel.: +33-322087065 (B.D.)
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Kurašová E, Štěpán J, Krejčí K, Mrázek F, Sauer P, Janečková J, Tichý T. Current Status, Prevention and Treatment of BK Virus Nephropathy. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE) 2022; 65:119-124. [PMID: 36942701 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2023.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
All renal transplant recipients should undergo a regular screening for BK viral (BKV) viremia. Gradual reduction of immunosuppression is recommended in patients with persistent plasma BKV viremia for 3 weeks after the first detection, reflecting the presence of probable or suspected BKV-associated nephropathy. Reduction of immunosuppression is also a primary intervention in biopsy proven nephropathy associated with BKV (BKVN). Thus, allograft biopsy is not required to treat patients with BKV viremia with stabilized graft function. There is a lack of proper randomised clinical trials recommending treatment in the form of switching from tacrolimus to cyclosporin-A, from mycophenolate to mTOR inhibitors or leflunomide, or the additive use of intravenous immunoglobulins, leflunomide or cidofovir. Fluoroquinolones are not recommended for prophylaxis or therapy. There are on-going studies to evaluate the possibility of using a multi-epitope anti-BKV vaccine, administration of BKV-specific T cell immunotherapy, BKV-specific human monoclonal antibody and RNA antisense oligonucleotides. Retransplantation after allograft loss due to BKVN can be successful if BKV viremia is definitively removed, regardless of allograft nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Kurašová
- University Hospital Olomouc and Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Internal Medicine III - Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Štěpán
- University Hospital Olomouc and Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Internal Medicine III - Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Krejčí
- University Hospital Olomouc and Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Internal Medicine III - Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - František Mrázek
- University Hospital Olomouc and Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Immunology, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Sauer
- University Hospital Olomouc and Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Microbiology, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Janečková
- University Hospital Olomouc and Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Surgery II, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Tichý
- University Hospital Olomouc and Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Prezioso C, Pietropaolo V. BK Virus and Transplantation. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050733. [PMID: 33922350 PMCID: PMC8146602 DOI: 10.3390/v13050733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As guest editors, we are pleased to present this Special Issue on BK virus (BKV) and transplantation with the intention of exploring some aspects related to BKV-associated diseases in transplant recipients, since they are still unclear [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Prezioso
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Microbiology of Chronic Neuro-Degenerative Pathologies, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pietropaolo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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