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Occhipinti PS, Russo N, Foti P, Zingale IM, Pino A, Romeo FV, Randazzo CL, Caggia C. Current challenges of microalgae applications: exploiting the potential of non-conventional microalgae species. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3823-3833. [PMID: 37971887 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The intensified attention to health, the growth of an elderly population, the changing lifestyles, and the medical discoveries have increased demand for natural and nutrient-rich foods, shaping the popularity of microalgae products. Microalgae thanks to their metabolic versatility represent a promising solution for a 'green' economy, exploiting non-arable land, non-potable water, capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) and solar energy. The interest in microalgae is justified by their high content of bioactive molecules, such as amino acids, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (as ω-3 fatty acids), pigments (as β-carotene, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, phycocyanin, zeaxanthin and lutein), or mineral elements. Such molecules are of interest for human and animal nutrition, cosmetic and biofuel production, for which microalgae are potential renewable sources. Microalgae, also, represent effective biological systems for treating a variety of wastewaters and can be used as a CO2 mitigation approach, helping to combat greenhouse gases and global warming emergencies. Recently a growing interest has focused on extremophilic microalgae species, which are easier to cultivate axenically and represent good candidates for open pond cultivation. In some cases, the cultivation and/or harvesting systems are still immature, but novel techniques appear as promising solutions to overcome such barriers. This review provides an overview on the actual microalgae cultivation systems and the current state of their biotechnological applications to obtain high value compounds or ingredients. Moreover, potential and future research opportunities for environment, human and animal benefits are pointed out. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunziatina Russo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Foti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Irene Maria Zingale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Flora Valeria Romeo
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Acireale, Italy
| | - Cinzia L Randazzo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Center in Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Center in Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Aguilera Flores MM, Robles Miranda OE, Ávila Vázquez V, Medellín Castillo NA, Sánchez Mata O, Medina Leaños R, González Fernández LA. Effectiveness of a natural coagulant based on common mallow ( Malva sylvestris) in urban wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38686920 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2346861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a natural coagulant based on common mallow (Malva sylvestris) to remove turbidity in urban wastewater. A 22 factorial design was selected to determine the optimal dose and the working pH of the natural coagulant. Its potential was studied in 50.0-450 mg/L and 4.00-10.0 ranges of doses and pH, respectively. A simplex lattice mixture evaluated its effectiveness as a coagulant aid combined with aluminum sulfate (conventional coagulant). Mixture proportions 0.000-1.00 were studied for each component, finding the proportion more effective. Results showed that the coagulation treatment could be feasible since a turbidity removal efficiency of 73.7% can be achieved under optimal conditions (50.0 mg/L and pH of 10.0). Likewise, a turbidity removal of 58.9% is obtained using 250 mg/L and maintaining wastewater pH (7.45). This efficiency can be increased using 31.0% natural coagulant mixed with 69.0% aluminum sulfate at 250 mg/L without modifying the wastewater pH. This improvement was associated with the natural coagulant's high molecular weight and long-chained structure since these properties enhance settling time, floc size and strength, and low sludge production. These results support using common mallow as a natural coagulant, making its use more feasible in alkaline water pH or as a coagulant aid combined with aluminum sulfate for urban wastewater treatment. A cost of USD 370/Kg of natural coagulant was estimated, which is higher than conventional coagulants. However, a cost-effectiveness analysis of its implementation should be performed since process scaling costs could significantly reduce its price.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Verónica Ávila Vázquez
- Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Nahum Andrés Medellín Castillo
- Graduate Studies and Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Omar Sánchez Mata
- Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Raudel Medina Leaños
- Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Zacatecas, Mexico
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Zhang H, Li L, Ding W, Cheng Z, Lin Z, Zhu L, Zhang X. Effect mechanism of metal cations on the interface interaction of cell-collector-bubble for microalgal foam flotation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140899. [PMID: 38065264 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Foam flotation is generally recognized as a low-cost and efficient technology for the harvesting of microalgae for food, feed and fuel production, as well as environmental remediation. However, the harvesting efficiency of microalgae using foam flotation is restricted by the residual metal cations in the medium, and the corresponding inhibition mechanism has not yet been revealed. This study investigated the effects of metal cations in the medium on the harvesting efficiency and concentration factor during the foam flotation of Scenedesmus acuminatus. The interface interaction of cell-collector-bubble effected by metal cations was revealed by quantifying the amount of collector (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) between cells and bubbles, as well as the response of bubble interface characteristics. Results showed that the harvesting efficiency dropped linearly as the increase of cationic concentrations. Under the CTAB dose of 20 mg L-1, the harvesting efficiency decreased from 98.65% to 56.77% with a decrease of concentration factor from 25.41 to 9.05 in the presence of metal cations. The Na+ and Mg2+ in the medium were the major inhibitors. The inhibitory mechanisms revealed that metal cations obviously impeded the adsorption of CTAB onto the cells by competing adsorption site, resulting in a low harvesting efficiency. The presence of metal cations also inhibited the bubble coalescence and slowed down drainage velocity in the plateau channel of foam layer, forming foam with higher water content, thus reducing the concentration factor. A schematic illustration is proposed to better understand the effect mechanism of metal cations on microalgal foam flotation. This study might facilitate the process development in an effort to overcome the inhibition of cations during microalgal foam flotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lili Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenting Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqian Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhe Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Owodunni AA, Ismail S, Olaiya NG. Parametric study of novel plant-based seed coagulant in modeled wastewater turbidity removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:124677-124685. [PMID: 35678970 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical coagulants like alum, ferric salts, and polyacrylamide derivatives are helpful in water treatment. However, the long-term detrimental effects of chemical coagulants on humans and the environment require alternative research for natural coagulants. This study used novel leguminous (green beans (GB), pigeon pea (PP)), fruit seeds (Tamarind indica (TI), and date palm (DS)) as coagulants to remove turbidity. The seeds were powdered, and the crude active coagulants were extracted with distilled water and a 1 M NaCl solution. The result showed that PP's distilled water extract had the highest turbidity removal of 81.12%, while DS had the least performance of 62.54%. The NaCl extract of PP had the highest removal (94.62%), followed by TI (76.08%). This study found the optimum doses for GB, TI, PP, and DS to be 50, 40, 10, and 70 mL/L, with their optimum pH at 3, 1, 3, and 1, respectively. The FTIR spectra confirmed the existence of -OH, -NH, COOH, C = O, C-C, and C-H peaks, indicating the presence of protein-specific functional groups supporting their potential use as coagulants. Therefore, PP would have been used based on turbidity performance; however, due to their nutritional value, TI and DS are suitable seeds for the coagulation-flocculation treatment of turbid water because they are waste materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Adedoja Owodunni
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Suzylawati Ismail
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Niyi Gideon Olaiya
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Huang KX, Vadiveloo A, Zhong H, Li C, Gao F. High-efficiency harvesting of microalgae enabled by chitosan-coated magnetic biochar. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 390:129860. [PMID: 37838019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic flocculation which uses magnetic particles is an emerging technology for harvesting microalgae. However, the potential modification and use of cost-effective and sustainable biochar-based composites is still in its infancy. As such, this study aimed to compare the harvesting efficiency of peanut shell biochar (BC), biochar modified with FeCl3 (FeBC), and biochar dual-modified with chitosan and FeCl3 (CTS@FeBC) on microalgae. The results showed CTS@FeBC exhibited significantly higher microalgae harvesting efficiency compared to BC and FeBC. Both acidic and alkaline conditions were favorable for harvesting microalgae by CTS@FeBC. At pH 2 and pH 12, the harvesting efficiency reached 96.9% and 98.8% within 2 min, respectively. The primary adsorption mechanism of CTS@FeBC on microalgae mainly involved electrostatic attraction and sweeping flocculation. Furthermore, CTS@FeBC also showed good biocompatibility and reusability. This study clearly demonstrated a promising technique for microalgae harvesting using biochar-based materials, offering valuable insights and potential applications in sustainable bioresource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Xuan Huang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Ashiwin Vadiveloo
- Centre for Water, Energy and Waste, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Hua Zhong
- Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
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Vishwakarma R, Dey S, Samuchiwal S, Malik A. A biphasic photobioreactor system for consecutive extraction of lipids and carotenoids from pre-hydrolysed microalgae and evaluation of its biodiesel potential. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 226:115681. [PMID: 36925037 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A green extraction method is developed using partially hydrolysed microalgal cells grown in biocompatible solvent for simultaneous cultivation and extraction of bioproducts from a highly efficient permeabilized microalgal cell with enhanced biomass and lipid content for potential use in biodiesel production. Incomplete digestion of cell wall was achieved by regulating the incubation time of the enzymatic pretreatment of the microalgal cells. 15.77% increase in lipid content was seen when untreated cells were cultured with biocompatible solvent, while cultivation of these enzymatically pretreated cells with biocompatible solvent, the lipid content increased by 53.33% and 22% higher carotenoid content was observed as compared to conventional extraction. The total fatty acids obtained after 1st and 2nd extractions in untreated samples were 67.82%, while those in enzymatically partially digested samples were 91.94%. The untreated and partially enzymatically predigested strain showed suitable properties for quality biodiesel production as per international recommendations. The cost benefit analysis of the overall process showed the use of biocompatible solvent coupled to enzymatically predigested biomass was a favorable option as compared to conventional extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashi Vishwakarma
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology- Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Saptarshi Dey
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology- Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Saurabh Samuchiwal
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology- Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Anushree Malik
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology- Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
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Tamayo-Belda M, Venâncio C, Fernandez-Piñas F, Rosal R, Lopes I, Oliveira M. Effects of petroleum-based and biopolymer-based nanoplastics on aquatic organisms: A case study with mechanically degraded pristine polymers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 883:163447. [PMID: 37094675 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mismanaged plastic litter submitted to environmental conditions may breakdown into smaller fragments, eventually reaching nano-scale particles (nanoplastics, NPLs). In this study, pristine beads of four different types of polymers, three oil-based (polypropylene, PP; polystyrene, PS; and low-density polyethylene, LDPE) and one bio-based (polylactic acid, PLA) were mechanically broken down to obtain more environmentally realistic NPLs and its toxicity to two freshwater secondary consumers was assessed. Thus, effects on the cnidarian Hydra viridissima (mortality, morphology, regeneration ability, and feeding behavior) and the fish Danio rerio (mortality, morphological alterations, and swimming behavior) were tested at NPLs concentrations in the 0.001 to 100 mg/L range. Mortality and several morphological alterations were observed on hydras exposed to 10 and 100 mg/L PP and 100 mg/L LDPE, whilst regeneration capacity was overall accelerated. The locomotory activity of D. rerio larvae was affected by NPLs (decreased swimming time, distance or turning frequency) at environmentally realistic concentrations (as low as 0.001 mg/L). Overall, petroleum- and bio-based NPLs elicited pernicious effects on tested model organisms, especially PP, LDPE and PLA. Data allowed the estimation of NPLs effective concentrations and showed that biopolymers may also induce relevant toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Tamayo-Belda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cátia Venâncio
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Miguel Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Sudirgo MM, Surya RA, Kristianto H, Prasetyo S, Sugih AK. Application of xanthan gum as coagulant-aid for decolorization of synthetic Congo red wastewater. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15011. [PMID: 37151703 PMCID: PMC10161381 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, utilization of polysaccharides as natural coagulant and coagulant-aid has become a topic of interest, due to the nature of biopolymers that are renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic. In this study, Congo red, as a model dye substance, was treated using polyaluminium chloride (PAC) as the main coagulant and xanthan gum as the coagulant aid. For this purpose, the effect of pH (3-9), xanthan gum dose (0.5-4 mg/L), and the initial concentration of Congo red dye (50-100 mg/L) to the dye removal and sludge volume were investigated. The outcome of this investigation indicates that the best pH for Congo red coagulation occurred at pH 3, due to the charge neutralization mechanism. The addition of coagulant-aid dose increases the %-removal and sludge volume until reaching the best coagulant-aid dose of 2 mg/L that results in a %-removal value of 93.81% and a sludge volume of 23.5 mL/L. Further addition of xanthan gum reduced the %-removal and sludge volume due to the inter-polymer force causing more difficult floc formation. The best initial concentration of dye occurred at a Congo red concentration of 50 mg/L, with a %-removal value of 93.81% with PAC (15 mg/L) and xanthan gum (2 mg/L) coagulants. This value is considerably higher than PAC and xanthan gum only which amounts to 81.16 and 7.18%, respectively. Based on these results, it is apparent that xanthan gum can positively contribute to dye coagulation while reducing the use of harmful inorganic coagulant.
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Novel and Facile Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots from Chicken Feathers and Their Application as a Photocatalyst to Degrade Methylene Blue Dye. J CHEM-NY 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/9956427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is a most commonly used synthetic dye in the textile industry. It is an extremely carcinogenic phenothiazine derivative and therefore needs to be removed from the water bodies. In the present study, a single-step hydrothermal novel synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) extracted from biomass of chicken feathers has been performed, and the synthesized CQDs were applied to remove MB present in the aqueous samples. A number of techniques such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the samples for the conformity purposes. SEM and XRD analysis showed that CQDs are highly crystalline and have spherical structures with an average particle diameter of 35 nm. In the presence of 0.2 g of synthesized CQDs, MB dye degraded drastically under the sunlight. The rate of degradation was studied by determining the absorbance of the degraded sample with time relevant to untreated sample. The % degradation achieved during first 60 min of time was approximately 92% which increased minimally to a value of only 95% after 100 min of time. The ease of synthesis of carbon dots at low cost contributes hugely to their utilizations as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of aqueous pollutants. The opted approach to synthesize CQDs is cost-effective and eco-friendly and demonstrates excellent potential to remove MB from the aqueous samples.
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Wang H, Liu Z, Cui D, Liu Y, Yang L, Chen H, Qiu G, Geng Y, Xiong Z, Shao P, Luo X. A pilot scale study on the treatment of rare earth tailings (REEs) wastewater with low C/N ratio using microalgae photobioreactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:116973. [PMID: 36525735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae appear to be a promising and ecologically safe way for nutrients removal from rare earth tailings (REEs) wastewater with CO2 fixation and added benefits of resource recovery and recycling. In this study, a pilot scale (50 L) co-flocculating microalgae photobioreactor (Ma-PBR) as constructed and operated for 140 days to treat REEs wastewater with low C/N ratio of 0.51-0.56. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) reached 88.04% and the effluent residual concentration was as low as 9.91 mg/L that have met the Emission Standards of Pollutants from Rare Earths Industry (GB 26451-2011). Timely supplementation of trace elements was necessary to maintain the activity of microalgae and then prolonged the operation time. The dominant phyla in co-flocculating microalgae was Chlorophyta, the relative abundance of which was higher than 80%. Tetradesmus belonging to Chlorophyceae was the dominant genus with relative abundance of 80.35%. The results provided a practical support for the scaling-up of Ma-PBR to treat REEs wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Zhuochao Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Dan Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Liming Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China.
| | | | - Genping Qiu
- Eco-advance co., led, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China
| | - Yanni Geng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Zhensheng Xiong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Penghui Shao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
| | - Xubiao Luo
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
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Gęca M, Wiśniewska M, Urban T, Nowicki P. Temperature Effect on Ionic Polymers Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Carbons Obtained from Biomass. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:ma16010350. [PMID: 36614695 PMCID: PMC9822277 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was the determination of temperature influence on adsorption mechanisms of anionic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and cationic polyethylenimine (PEI) on the surface of activated carbons (AC) obtained via chemical activation of nettle (NE) and sage (SA) herbs. All measurements were performed at pH 3 at three temperature values, i.e., 15, 25 and 35 °C. The adsorption/desorption of these polymers from single and mixed solution of adsorbates was also investigated. The viscosity studies were additionally performed to obtain hydrodynamic radius values characterizing polymeric macromolecules conformation in the solution. These data are very important for the explanation of changes of linear dimensions of polymer chains with the rise of temperature caused by the modification of polymer-solvent interactions. Moreover, the XPS studies for the systems showing the highest adsorbed amounts in the specific temperature conditions were carried out. These were the systems containing PEI, PAA and NE-AC activated carbon at 25 °C. In such a case, the maximum adsorption capacity towards PAA macromolecules from a single solution of adsorbate reaches the value of 198.12 mg/g. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters including the free energies of adsorption, as well as changes in free enthalpy and entropy were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Gęca
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wiśniewska
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Teresa Urban
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Nowicki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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12
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A novel approach for microalgal cell disruption and bioproducts extraction using non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) technology and chitosan flocculation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tijjani Usman IM, Ho YC, Baloo L, Lam MK, Sujarwo W. A comprehensive review on the advances of bioproducts from biomass towards meeting net zero carbon emissions (NZCE). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128167. [PMID: 36341858 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This review investigates the development of bioproducts from biomass and their contribution towards net zero carbon emissions. The promising future of biomasses conversion techniques to produce bioproducts was reviewed. The advances in anaerobic digestion as a biochemical conversion technique have been critically studied and contribute towards carbon emissions mitigation. Different applications of microalgae biomass towards carbon neutrality were comprehensively discussed, and several research findings have been tabulated in this review. The carbon footprints of wastewater treatment plants were studied, and bioenergy utilisation from sludge production was shown to mitigate carbon footprints. The carbon-sinking capability of microalgae has also been outlined. Furthermore, integrated conversion processes have shown to enhance bioproducts generation yield and quality. The anaerobic digestion/pyrolysis integrated process was promising, and potential substrates have been suggested for future research. Lastly, challenges and future perspectives of bioproducts were outlined for a contribution towards meeting carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Muntaqa Tijjani Usman
- Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia; Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700241, Nigeria.
| | - Yeek-Chia Ho
- Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia.
| | - Lavania Baloo
- Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia.
| | - Man-Kee Lam
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia.
| | - Wawan Sujarwo
- Ethnobotany Research Group, Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia.
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14
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Preparation of starch-acrylic acid-carboxymethyl cellulose copolymer and its flocculation performance towards methylene blue. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Alnawajha MM, Kurniawan SB, Imron MF, Abdullah SRS, Hasan HA, Othman AR. Plant-based coagulants/flocculants: characteristics, mechanisms, and possible utilization in treating aquaculture effluent and benefiting from the recovered nutrients. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58430-58453. [PMID: 35759099 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing intensification of the aquaculture industry requires the development of new strategies to reduce the negative impacts of wastewater on the environment. Plant-based coagulants/flocculants, regarded as one of the environmentally friendly technologies for wastewater treatment, show good performance in the removal of suspended solids from wastewater. The aforementioned technology involves the utilization of plants as coagulants/flocculants in the treatment process and produces nontoxic sludge as treatment by-products. The produced sludge could be converted into valuable compounds used in agriculture. This review summarizes coagulation-flocculation by using plant-based coagulants/flocculants, its mechanisms, operational factors that control the treatment process, and its application in the treatment of wastewater, especially aquaculture effluent. Moreover, this work discusses the potential utilization of aquaculture sludge as a valuable compound used in agriculture. The presented review aims to emphasize the potential of using plant-based coagulants/flocculants in the treatment of aquaculture effluent and explore the potential of using the produced sludge as fertilizer for plants to solve problems related to sludge handling and the toxicity of inorganic coagulants in a recirculating aquaculture system. This paper concluded that utilization of recovered nutrients in the form of solids is feasible for agricultural purposes, while a hydroponic system can be used to reclaim the nutrients in the form of solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohammad Alnawajha
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Setyo Budi Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fauzul Imron
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Study Program of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jalan Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hassimi Abu Hasan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Razi Othman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abstract
Recently, national and international effluent standards have become more stringent, posing a significant challenge in the water treatment industry. Accordingly, treatment techniques with minimal energy consumption and maximal performance are urgently required for wastewater and water treatments. This topic was investigated from both technical and environmental perspectives to improve water and wastewater treatment techniques and enhance the quality of water bodies. This Special Issue (SI) has attracted investigations by researchers worldwide, including those from Australia, the United States, Finland, Turkey, South Africa, Oman, China, Japan, Malaysia, and Pakistan. In this SI, research and review articles propose and discuss efficient water and wastewater treatment techniques. We hope that the readers of Water can learn about new aspects of wastewater treatment using physicochemical, biological, and hybrid techniques. Finally, we hope that this SI will contribute to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 6, which is to ensure a secure water supply globally through cost-efficient technologies.
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Zainal SFFS, Aziz HA, Ramli SF, Omar FM. Preliminary study on the toxicological response of red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on landfill leachate treated with Tin(IV) chloride and Jatropha curcas. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e1667. [PMID: 34842319 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the toxicity levels of the coagulation and flocculation process on raw and treated leachate using acute toxicity tests. Tin tetrachloride (SnCl4 ) and the Jatropha curcas (JC) seed were used as coagulant and coagulant aid to remove concentrated suspended solids, SS (534 mg/L), color (19,297 Pt-Co), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (4188 mg/L) in a stabilized landfill leachate. The toxicity effects on local red tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) were investigated, which involved three main steps, namely, acclimatization, range-finding test, and short-term definitive test. The presence of JC seed (0.9 g/L) as a flocculant reduced the dosage of SnCl4 from 11.1 to 8.5 g/L and exhibited good removals of 99.78%, 98.53%, and 74.29%, respectively, for SS, color, and COD. The toxicity test indicated that only five fish died in the first 12 h for the treated sample compared with seven deaths for untreated leachate. In 96 h, a total of 42 and 31 mortality rates were noted for the raw and treated leachate samples, respectively. The treated sample could reduce the toxicity effects to the tested tilapia fish and is safe to be discharged at appropriate dilution concentrations. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Coagulation-flocculation by Tin (IV) chloride and Jatropha Curcas (JC) was investigated. Almost complete reduction of SS was obtained at 8.5 g/L of SnCl4 and 0.9 g/L of JC as flocculant. The toxicity effect was evaluated using red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish as the indicator. Treated leachate was considered acceptable as the number of dead fish was lower than the untreated leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamidi Abdul Aziz
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
- Solid Waste Management Cluster Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fatihah Ramli
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Fatehah Mohd Omar
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
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Ahmad A, Abdullah SRS, Hasan HA, Othman AR, Ismail N'I. Potential of local plant leaves as natural coagulant for turbidity removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:2579-2587. [PMID: 34374006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The performance of local plants was tested using synthetic turbid water resembling real wastewater by measuring their ability to remove turbidity. The selected plants were A. indica, S. palustris, D. linearis, S. polyanthum, M. esculenta, P. sarmentosum, and M. malabathricum which can easily be found locally. The experiment was run based on coagulant dosages varied from 0 to 10 g/L for each plant with a rapid mixing speed at 180 rpm for 3 min, slow mixing speed at 10 rpm for 20 min, and settling time for 30 min. The results demonstrated that each plant has been capable of reducing turbidity by different amounts, with an increase in the coagulant dosage. The optimum coagulant dosages achieved for A. indica, S. palustris, S. polyanthum, and D. linearis were 10 g/L with turbidity removal at 26.9%, 24.9%, 24.9%, and 17.5%, respectively. P. sarmentosum and M. esculenta attained optimum coagulant dosages at 5 g/L with turbidity removal at 24.2% and 22.2%, and lastly M. malabathricum at 0.1 g/L (12.2%). P. sarmentosum was suggested to the best natural coagulant which achieved the highest removal of turbidity with a low dosage used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmi Ahmad
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Polytechnic Education and Community College, Ministry of Higher Education, 62100, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hassimi Abu Hasan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Razi Othman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur 'Izzati Ismail
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Yin Z, Zhang L, Hu D, Li S, Chu R, Liu C, Lv Y, Bao J, Xiang M, Zhu L. Biocompatible magnetic flocculant for efficient harvesting of microalgal cells: Isotherms, mechanisms and water recycling. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Shaikh SM, Hassan MK, Nasser M, Sayadi S, Ayesh AI, Vasagar V. A comprehensive review on harvesting of microalgae using Polyacrylamide-Based Flocculants: Potentials and challenges. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Study to Investigate the Potential of Combined Extract of Leaves and Seeds of Moringa oleifera in Groundwater Purification. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207468. [PMID: 33066518 PMCID: PMC7602185 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Several parts of the Moringa oleifera plant have revealed incredible potential for water quality improvement. However, the purification potential of a combined leaf and seed extract of Moringa oleifera plants remains unexplored. To the best of our knowledge, this research would be the first to work towards exploiting the combined potential of a leaf and seed extract of the Moringa oleifera plant in the process of water purification. In this study, we investigated the combined effectiveness of the leaf and seed extract in the purification of groundwater. The jar test method was used to analyze the effectiveness of Moringa plant extract (in combination) on different quality parameters of groundwater. Treatment with the combined plant extract (seed and leaf) resulted in significant improvement of various physicochemical (hardness, pH, turbidity, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), and metallic impurities) and biological parameters (E.coli count) over individual seed and leaf extracts in groundwater samples. Experimental findings have strongly shown the enhanced purification efficacy of the hexane extract of combined plant materials in comparison to the individual extracts, thereby providing us with a potent natural coagulant that could combat the side effects of chemical coagulants.
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22
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Maćczak P, Kaczmarek H, Ziegler-Borowska M. Recent Achievements in Polymer Bio-Based Flocculants for Water Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3951. [PMID: 32906667 PMCID: PMC7559979 DOI: 10.3390/ma13183951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymer flocculants are used to promote solid-liquid separation processes in potable water and wastewater treatment. Recently, bio-based flocculants have received a lot of attention due to their superior advantages over conventional synthetic polymers or inorganic agents. Among natural polymers, polysaccharides show many benefits such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, ability to undergo different chemical modifications, and wide accessibility from renewable sources. The following article provides an overview of bio-based flocculants and their potential application in water treatment, which may be an indication to look for safer alternatives compared to synthetic polymers. Based on the recent literature, a new approach in searching for biopolymer flocculants sources, flocculation mechanisms, test methods, and factors affecting this process are presented. Particular attention is paid to flocculants based on starch, cellulose, chitosan, and their derivatives because they are low-cost and ecological materials, accepted in industrial practice. New trends in water treatment technology, including biosynthetic polymers, nanobioflocculants, and stimulant-responsive flocculants are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Maćczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
- Water Supply and Sewage Enterprise LLC, Przemysłowa 4, 99-300 Kutno, Poland
| | - Halina Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
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