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Ma W, Yu J, Qi X, Liang L, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Lin X, Li G, Ding Y. Radiation-induced microRNA-622 causes radioresistance in colorectal cancer cells by down-regulating Rb. Oncotarget 2016; 6:15984-94. [PMID: 25961730 PMCID: PMC4599251 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer is preoperative 5-fluorouracil-based chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. However, tumor response to standard dose radiation varies. In this study, we found that miR-622 was increased significantly in ionizing radiation-treated colorectal cancer (CRC) cells compared to the cells cultured with irradiated medium, and persisted stably in surviving cells treated with continuous low-dose radiation. Overexpression of miR-622 induced the radioresistance in vitro. In addition, miR-622 inhibited Rb expression by directly targeting RB1-3′UTR. Overexpression of Rb reversed miR-622-induced radioresistance in vitro. In response to ionizing radiation, the Rb-E2F1-P/CAF complex activated proapoptotic genes. Importantly, miR-622 was highly expressed in tumors of rectal cancer patients with non-regression after standard dose radiotherapy. In conclusion, miR-622 overexpressing cells are induced or selected by radiotherapy, causing in turn radioresistance and poor response to further therapy. MiR-622 is a potential biomarker of responders for radiotherapy and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshan Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Huang MY, Lin CH, Huang CM, Tsai HL, Huang CW, Yeh YS, Chai CY, Wang JY. Relationships between SMAD3 expression and preoperative fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy response in locally advanced rectal cancer patients. World J Surg 2015; 39:1257-1267. [PMID: 25561186 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-014-2917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SMAD3, which is accumulated in the nucleus, transcriptionally regulates TGF-β target genes, playing a significant role in mediating the activities of TGF-β. In this study, we assessed the roles of TGF-β1, SMAD3, and phosphorylated SMAD3 expressions in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer following preoperative fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy. METHODS Using immunohistochemistry, we examined TGF-β1, SMAD3, and phosphorylated SMAD3 expressions in pre-chemoradiotherapy cancer tissues from 86 locally advanced rectal cancer patients. After chemoradiotherapy, 64 of 86 (74.4 %) locally advanced rectal cancer patients were classified as responders (pathological tumor regression grades of 2-4). RESULTS A multivariate analysis showed that phosphorylated SMAD3 overexpression correlated to poor preoperative chemoradiotherapy responses (P = 0.015; OR 7.218; 95 % CI 1.479-35.229). Furthermore, a poor response (pathological tumor regression grades of 0-1) was an independent predictor of postoperative relapse (P = 0.021; OR 5.452; 95 % CI 1.286-23.113). Additionally, patients with phosphorylated SMAD3 overexpression were found to have a worse disease-free survival (P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that analyzing pre-chemoradiotherapy tumors for phosphorylated SMAD3 overexpression would assist physicians in identifying locally advanced rectal cancer patients who may have a poor response risk to preoperative fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yii Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Huang MY, Wu CH, Huang CM, Chung FY, Huang CW, Tsai HL, Chen CF, Lin SR, Wang JY. DPYD, TYMS, TYMP, TK1, and TK2 genetic expressions as response markers in locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:931028. [PMID: 24455740 PMCID: PMC3884968 DOI: 10.1155/2013/931028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study is to investigate multiple chemotherapeutic agent- and radiation-related genetic biomarkers in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients following fluoropyrimidine-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for response prediction. We initially selected 6 fluoropyrimidine metabolism-related genes (DPYD, ORPT, TYMS, TYMP, TK1, and TK2) and 3 radiotherapy response-related genes (GLUT1, HIF-1α, and HIF-2α) as targets for gene expression identification in 60 LARC cancer specimens. Subsequently, a high-sensitivity weighted enzymatic chip array was designed and constructed to predict responses following CCRT. After CCRT, 39 of 60 (65%) LARC patients were classified as responders (pathological tumor regression grade 2 ~ 4). Using a panel of multiple genetic biomarkers (chip), including DPYD, TYMS, TYMP, TK1, and TK2, at a cutoff value for 3 positive genes, a sensitivity of 89.7% and a specificity of 81% were obtained (AUC: 0.915; 95% CI: 0.840-0.991). Negative chip results were significantly correlated to poor CCRT responses (TRG 0-1) (P = 0.014, hazard ratio: 22.704, 95% CI: 3.055-235.448 in multivariate analysis). Disease-free survival analysis showed significantly better survival rate in patients with positive chip results (P = 0.0001). We suggest that a chip including DPYD, TYMS, TYMP, TK1, and TK2 genes is a potential tool to predict response in LARC following fluoropyrimidine-based CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yii Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Han Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung County 928, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yen Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung County 928, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Lin Tsai
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Fan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Ru Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung County 928, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Shim BY, Jung JH, Lee KM, Kim HJ, Hong SH, Kim SH, Sun DS, Cho HM. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) of anaerobic glycolysis as predictive and prognostic values in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28:375-83. [PMID: 22847606 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-012-1542-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the relationships between biomarkers related to anaerobic glycolytic metabolism (GLUT1, LDH5, PDK1, and HIF-1α proteins), pathologic response, and prognosis. METHODS All stage II and stage III rectal cancer patients had 50.4 Gy (1.8 Gy/day in 28 fractions) over 5.5 weeks, plus 5-fluorouracil (425 mg/m(2)/day) and leucovorin (20 mg/m(2)/day) bolus on days 1 to 5 and 29 to 33, and surgery was performed at 7 to 10 weeks after completion of all therapies. Expression of GLUT1, LDH5, PDK1, and HIF-1α proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry and was assessed in 104 patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS This study included stage II and III rectal cancer patients, and each stage accounted for each 50 % of the total cases. A high expression of GLUT1 protein was associated with a significantly lower rate of ypCR compared with low expression of GLUT1 protein (4.0 % vs. 27.8 %, respectively; p = 0.012). GLUT1 expression was also significantly higher in the poor response group (Grade 0, 1) than in the good response group (Grade 2, 3) (34.0 % vs. 14.8 %, respectively; p = 0.022). In recurrence analysis, the expression of GLUT1 protein demonstrated a significant correlation with time to recurrence, based on a log-rank method (p = 0.016). When analyzed by multiple Cox regression, the positive expression of GLUT1 was the most significant and independent unfavorable prognostic factor (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS GLUT1 expression is a predictive and prognostic factor for pathologic complete response and recurrence in rectal cancer patients treated with 5-flurouracil and leucovorin neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Yong Shim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, South Korea
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